Digital Commons Network^™

Bridging The Expectations Gaap In Financial Reporting, Neal F. Newman

Faculty Scholarship

The true nature of auditing publicly traded companies’ financial statements has been somewhat of an enigma to the general public. Due to this mystery, an “expectations gap” has formed between the public expectations of auditors’ roles and what the auditor actually does in their analysis of financial statements. Auditors are an extremely important piece of the financial reporting puzzle because they determine whether or not a company’s financial statements are a fair and accurate reflection of the company’s financial position, a determination that can be a major influence on how the financial strength of a company is perceived. Newman’s Article …

Beyond Mass Deportation, Nancy Plankey-Videla, Huyen Pham, Angela D. Morrison, Luz E. Herrera

Faculty Scholarship

Donald Trump’s threats to carry out the mass deportation of unauthorized immigrants helped propel him to a second term as President of the United States. For the estimated 11 million people in the U.S. without lawful status, those threats have increased fears of forced returns to their countries of origin. While American immigration law is heavily focused on the legal processes leading to deportation, little attention has been paid to the post-deportation experiences of individuals who must reintegrate into their home countries. This gap in understanding is especially alarming given the high stakes of reintegration. A successful transition can empower …

Chimeric Contacts And Consent: The Ill-Reasoned Expansion Of Corporate Jurisdictional Exposure, James Paul George

Faculty Scholarship

Two recent Supreme Court decisions have imposed aspects of general jurisdiction in a way that exposes corporations and possibly other legal actors to litigation in spuriously connected forums. One case-Ford Motor Company v. Montana-reached a fair result but with strained reasoning that will support unfair results. The second case-Mallory v. Norfolk Southern Railroad Company-was wrong on the facts and the law, imposing general jurisdiction based on a vaguely worded corporate registration statute validated by a more than century-old precedent based on Pennoyer v. Neff's limited territorial model. Both decisions were the result of conceptual corners the Supreme Court has created …

Cisg (2025 Survey), Wayne R. Barnes

Faculty Scholarship

This survey article discusses cases during the prior year, which are decided based on one or more provisions of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). The CISG is a United Nations treaty that provides a uniform international sales law. It was adopted in Vienna in 1980 and went into effect in 1988. The CISG governs contracts for the international sale of goods between businesses located in different countries that have ratified the treaty. It has been adopted by 95+ countries, including major trading nations like the United States, China, and most European countries. …

Trips And Its Futures, Peter K. Yu

Faculty Scholarship

The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) was adopted on 15 April 1994, along with the estab-lishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO). With the WTO’s recent celebration of its thirtieth anniversary, it is high time we explore what the future will hold for this agreement. This chapter begins by revisiting the past to examine whether the TRIPS Agreement would be adopted if it were negotiated today. The chapter then discusses whether WTO members will undertake a major overhaul of this agreement in the future. Taking note of the fast-evolving international norm-setting environment and …

Assembly-Line Public Defense, David S. Abrams, Priyanka Goonetilleke

Faculty Scholarship

Each year, millions of Americans rely on public defenders to fulfill their Sixth Amendment right to counsel. Despite being the linchpin of the criminal justice system, public defense remains both underfunded and understudied. This Article provides empirical analysis to contribute to a critical question: How should public defender systems be structured?

Criminal justice advocates, scholars, and the American Bar Association strongly favor vertical representation in public defense. Under this model, a single public defender represents a defendant throughout their case, from their initial appearance through sentencing. The alternative approach—horizontal representation—operates like an assembly line: Different attorneys handle each stage of …

Stakeholders’ Perceptions Of The Roles And Regulations Of Advanced Practice Nursing And Advanced Practice Midwifery, Constance Shumba, Benard Mutwiri, Denis Munene, Rachel Kimani, Beatrice May, Isabel Kambo, Colette Henderson, Irene Mageto, Daniela Lehwaldt, Eunice Ndirangu

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background Advanced practice nursing (APN) and advanced practice midwifery (APM) in Kenya are critical in healthcare system strengthening by expanding access to quality care, particularly in underserved regions. Globally, the International Council of Nurses (ICN) defines APN as a level of nursing practice that requires a minimum of a master’s degree, along with advanced clinical training and competency. Similarly, APM involves midwives with advanced training to provide specialized maternal and neonatal care. In Kenya, the APN and APM concepts were launched in 2020 and are still nascent, and their practice is determined by the context as provided by the country …

Understanding The Retention Of Alternatively Certified Teachers: Key Factors And Insights, Donna M. Hardy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The problem addressed in this study was the high attrition rate of alternatively certified teachers

who often exit the classroom at greater rates than traditionally trained teachers, particularly

within their first 5 years of teaching. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived

experience of alternatively certified teachers to identify the support, conditions, and leadership

practices that contributed to their persistence. A qualitative phenomenological study was used,

with data collected from 14 alternatively certified teachers who work in a Central Texas school

district, utilizing semistructured interviews. Data collection methods included interviews,

member checking, and researcher field notes. Research …

The Heart Of Policing: Exploring The Essence Of The Phenomenon Between Organizational Culture And Police Officer Job Satisfaction, Charles C. Palmer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the essence of the phenomenon between organizational culture and police officer job satisfaction among rural law enforcement agencies in Oklahoma. Retaining police officers has become an increasingly challenging task for law enforcement organizations across the United States, as high turnover, costly recruitment, and voluntary resignations continue to strain departments. While previous research has primarily examined demographic and occupational variables influencing satisfaction, limited attention has been given to how organizational culture affects the lived experiences of U.S. police officers. Guided by Edgar Schein’s organizational culture theory, this study examined how …

Omahe Rak Usah Apik-Apik: Adequate Housing Problems Of The Urban Poor Along Railway Tracks, Syahwal -

The Indonesian Journal of Socio-Legal Studies

As urban development accelerates, urbanization has simultaneously grown as an inseparable phenomenon. However, beneath this transformation lies a crisis within the capitalist system known as overaccumulation, which has led to the marginalization of urban poor groups. This phenomenon results in the creation of slums, one of which is found in the periphery of railway tracks, where the urban poor reside. Semarang the capital of Central Java Province, Indonesia, is an apt example of such developments,. This study takes as starting point that the right to adequate housing is an integral part of human rights and addresses the issue of why …

“Flexing” And The Luxury Lifestyle: A Critique Of The “False Solidarity” Of Female Officials And Public Figures In Contemporary Indonesian Media, Wening Udasmoro, Leo Marai

The Indonesian Journal of Socio-Legal Studies

This study aims to explore the practice of “flexing” and the luxury lifestyle as represented in the media both through the self-representation of female public figures on their social media accounts and through coverage by mainstream outlets. These figures include actresses, entertainers, and other widely recognized social personalities. The research is urgent given that the public display of wealth and opulence disseminated through the media generates a domino effect within society, particularly in shaping consumption patterns and fueling an increasingly pervasive culture of consumerism in Indonesia. The proliferation of consumerist culture both reflects and exacerbates social inequality in Indonesia, where …

Exploring The Future Of Occupational Safety Research: A Strategic Foresight Approach, Jessica M K Streit, Sarah A Felknor, Nicole T Edwards, John J Howard

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A team from the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health conducted a strategic foresight project to explore the future of occupational safety research (OSR). Data collected via systematic horizon scanning and key informant interviews were synthesized into six drivers of OSR change: (1) technological advancement, (2) partnerships and public trust, (3) prioritizing research investments, (4) safety and health integration, (5) data and science quality, and (6) worker protections. These drivers served as the basis for envisioning four potential OSR futures. Analysis of the resulting scenarios identified opportunities to enhance and advance OSR methods and approaches, innovation, systems thinking, …

A Tour Of Leukemia Progress In 2025, Viewed Through The Md Anderson Leukemia Research Lens, Hagop M Kantarjian, Gautam Borthakur, Naval Daver, Courtney Dinardo, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Ghayas Issa, Elias Jabbour, Nitin Jain, Tapan Kadia, Sanam Loghavi, Farhad Ravandi, Guilin Tang, Mary Alma Welch, William Wierda

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Advances in the prognostication, monitoring, and treatment of both the acute and chronic leukemias have led to drastically improved outcomes over the past 2 decades. With the advent of targeted therapies, including antibodies such as blinatumomab and inotuzumab and small molecule inhibitors, such as the BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and venetoclax, the treatment landscape of leukemia has drastically changed, improving survival outcomes while relying less on overall chemotherapy intensity in many leukemia types. This progress has allowed the categorization of more leukemia types as favorable (i.e., chronic lymphocytic leukemia, younger acute lymphoblastic leukemia [patients younger than …

Basal Cell Carcinoma Risk Prediction In Survivors Of Childhood Cancer, Cindy Im, Christina Boull, Zhe Lu, Kenneth Liao, Hasibul Hasan, Linwan Xu, Yadav Sapkota, Rebecca M Howell, Michael A Arnold, Miriam R Conces, Ashley J Housten, Judith Gebauer, Thorsten Langer, Jop C Teepen, Leontien C M Kremer, Louis S Constine, Yutaka Yasui, Melissa M Hudson, Kirsten K Ness, Gregory T Armstrong, Joseph P Neglia, Yan Yuan, Lucie M Turcotte

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Survivors of childhood cancer face excess risk of developing basal cell carcinoma. Age-specific basal cell carcinoma risk prediction models for survivors may support targeted screening recommendations.

Methods: We developed models predicting basal cell carcinoma risk by ages 40 and 50 years featuring detailed cancer treatment predictors, utilizing statistical and machine-learning algorithms and data from 23 166 five-year survivors in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study. Selected models were externally validated in 5314 survivors in the St Jude Lifetime Cohort. Model discrimination and precision were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) …

Study Of 18 F-Fluciclovine Pet For Serial Assessment Of Glioblastoma Tumor Volumes During Surgery And Radiotherapy, Samir A Dagher, Jason M Johnson, Rania M M Mohamed, Shehbaz Ansari, Osama Mawlawi, Ho-Ling Liu, Max Wintermark, Dawid Schellingerhout, Lesley Flynt, Debra N Yeboa, Jeffrey S Weinberg, Sherise D Ferguson, Maria K Gule-Monroe

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Recent evidence supports incorporating 18 F-Fluciclovine PET for glioblastoma treatment planning and monitoring, as it better captures tumor infiltration compared to conventional MRI. However, the relationship between PET- and MRI-defined tumor volumes remains unclear, particularly in the post-treatment setting. This study prospectively compares tumor volumes on MRI and PET at multiple timepoints throughout the treatment course and evaluates volumetric changes with therapy.

METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 8 adults with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma treated with surgery and chemoradiation between September 2019 and 2021. Participants underwent paired 18 F-Fluciclovine PET/CT and conventional MRI at four timepoints: preoperatively, pre-radiation, and at one- and …

Misfolded Amyloid-Beta Conformational Variants (Strains) As Drivers Of Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology, Salvatore Saieva, Rodrigo Morales

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Replication-Competent, Tumor-Specific Immuno-Gene Vectors Allow For Exchange Of Transgenes And Lead To Viral Persistence Following Iv Administration, Lee S Rosen, Christian Ottensmeier, Maria Hawkins, Aung Naing, Guru Sonpavde, Brian A Van Tine, Eileen E Parkes, Sean M O'Cathail, Rui-Ru Ji, Matthew Thomas, Andrea Stacey, Maria Stella Sasso, Oliver Rosen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Enadenotucirev (EnAd) and successor transgene-armed Tumor-Specific Immuno-Gene (T-SIGn) vectors are replication-competent, blood-stable viral vectors that traffic to tumor sites following intravenous (IV) administration. Following initial proof of mechanism for this immunotherapy modality, there is a need to identify a safe dosing approach, understand whether transgenes affect tolerability, and determine how to measure exposure and pharmacodynamic effects.

Methods: Safety data from multiple phase 1 trials were aggregated to assess various dosing regimens and toxicities, including those that may be associated with transgene arming. Viral delivery to tumors, peripheral viral persistence, transgene expression, and cytokine responses were also assessed and compared …

Genome Sequencing Reveals The Impact Of Pseudoexons In Rare Genetic Disease, Georgia Pitsava, Megan Hawley, Light Auriga, Ivan De Dios, Arthur Ko, Sofia Marmolejos, Miguel Almalvez, Ingrid Chen, Kaylee Scozzaro, Jianhua Zhao, Rebekah Barrick, Nicholas Ah Mew, Vincent A Fusaro, Jonathan Lotempio, Matthew Taylor, Luisa Mestroni, Sharon Graw, Dianna Milewicz, Dongchuan Guo, David R Murdock, Kinga M Bujakowska, Changrui Xiao, Emmanuèle C Délot, Seth I Berger, Eric Vilain

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Advancements in sequencing technologies have significantly improved clinical genetic testing; yet, the diagnostic yield remains around 30% to 40%. Emerging technologies are now being deployed to address the remaining diagnostic gap.

Methods: We tested whether short-read genome sequencing could increase the diagnostic yield in individuals enrolled into the UCI-GREGoR research study, who had suspected Mendelian conditions and prior inconclusive testing. Two other collaborative research cohorts, focused on aortopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy, consisted of individuals who were undiagnosed but had not undergone harmonized prior testing.

Results: We sequenced 353 families (754 participants) and found a molecular diagnosis in 54 (15.3%) …

Apol2 Stabilizes Ku80 To Confer Nhej-Mediated Radioresistance In Gastric Cancer, Dan Zu, Qimei Bao, Hanyi He, Yuke Zhong, Mingcong Deng, Yangchan Hu, Chunkai Zhang, Chen Liang, Yixing Huang, Haidong Liu, Xiao Li, Yanhua He, Guoyan Luo, Weixin Wu, Fenghui Guan, Shengfeng Xu, Min Liu, Albino Bacolla, Ji Jing, Yian Du, John A Tainer, Yin Shi, Zu Ye, Xiangdong Cheng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Radiotherapy is one of the most important adjuvant treatment methods for gastric cancer (GC). However, radioresistance remains a major clinical obstacle. In this study, APOL2 is identified as a key player in promoting non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated double-strand break (DSB) repair and enhancing radioresistance in GC. Bioinformatics and clinical data revealed that high APOL2 expression is correlated with poor prognosis in GC patients. Functional experiments showed that APOL2 overexpression enhances genomic stability by accelerating DSB repair via the NHEJ pathway, while APOL2 knockout impairs repair capacity. Mechanistically, APOL2 binds to and stabilizes Ku80 by enhancing USP7-mediated deubiquitylation, thereby increasing Ku80 …

The Lexicographic Preference And The Tops-Only Property, Xinning Geng

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This paper studies the structure of the lexicographic preference domain in the context of strategy proof Random Social Choice Functions (RSCFs). Classical sufficient conditions for the tops-only property—namely, the Interior and Exterior Properties—do not hold in lexicographic domains. Nevertheless, these domains still exhibit the tops-only property. We first provide a structural explanation of why the Interior and Exterior Properties fail in this setting. We then introduce two new structural conditions, Property 1 and Property 2, and show that any two-dimensional lexicographic preference domain satisfying these conditions is a tops-only domain. Finally, we prove that the two-dimensional lexicographic domain meets both …

Breaking Barriers: Mentorship Pathways For Hispanic Women In Leadership Roles, Ana Paola Gonzalez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study aimed to understand the unique lived experiences of 10 Hispanic Latinas serving in leadership roles in 2-year community colleges in Texas. As the graduation rate of Hispanic women increases, institutions must identify mentorship programs that motivate women who continue to graduate to seek leadership positions within their institutions. Through life stories and lived experiences, the study's findings illustrate that mentorship is essential to creating, but that self-determination and self-advocacy also make it possible to find paths to leadership. Through thematic analysis, three themes emerged from the data: identity and representation, mentorship and support structures, and resilience and advocacy. …

Reading American Anarchy As A Legal History Of Immigrants: Forum On Willrich's American Anarchy Forum: Willrich's American Anarchy, Daniel J. Sharfstein

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Michael Willrich’s American Anarchy is at once an extraordinary history of ideas about anarchism and the rule of law, a history of lawyering, and a history of the simultaneous emergence of a capacious administrative state alongside a robust set of judicially protected civil liberties. While Willrich tells a rich and intricate story of illiberal border administration, American Anarchy also shows radical immigrants at work over decades in New York, with the border and its oppressive administrative apparatus little more than a dim memory. This essay explores how the book is more than a history of the border—it’s a history of …

Youth Attitudes And Perceptions Regarding Police, Courts, And Political Engagement: A Texas Study, Marika Dawkins-Cavazos, Camille Gibson, Yudu Li

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Youth are often perceived as disengaged from civic and political processes, yet their potential to influence elections is receiving increasing attention. This study examined how differences in race, ethnicity, sex, and age shape youth civic engagement, particularly their willingness to vote in the 2024 presidential election. Through surveys of college students in the diverse southern region of the United States, the research explored the relationship between perceptions of law enforcement, trust in the justice system, and civic participation. Specifically, it hypothesized that Black and Hispanic youth would report lower trust in law enforcement, which may influence their willingness to engage …

The Root Cause Of Perceived Appraisal Politics Using Evidence From The South Korean Public Sector, Jinwoong Yoo, Saeyeon Roh, Mohamed Haddoud, Smita Tripathi

Plymouth Business School

The purpose of this study is to investigate the root causes of Perceived Appraisal Politics (PAP) within the public sector in South Korea. Scholars in the field of Human Resource Management (HRM) have identified the determinants of PAP in an effort to mitigate it. However, the complex interactions among those determinants and root causes have been overlooked. Therefore, we adopt a novel methodology in this study that combines Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and fuzzy-Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (f-DEMATEL). The findings indicate that the root causes of PAP include the presence of cliques, ambiguity of appraisal policies and goal ambiguity …

Judicial Review Of Prosecutorial Discretion: Missed Opportunities, Benjamin Joshua Ong

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Director of Public Prosecutions v Durham (also called Bouye), decd and others [2024] UKPC 21; [2024] 1 W.L.R. 3900 involved an application for judicial review of a decision to prosecute. The Privy Council rightly refused that application on the ground that the evidence did not disclose a ground for judicial review, and the criminal trial would be the more appropriate forum to investigate any further evidence. Unfortunately, the Privy Council missed several opportunities to address various lingering problems with the law on judicial review of prosecutorial decisions.

Metacan: Improving Generalizability Of Few‑Shot Anomaly Detection With Meta‑Learning, Zhisheng Lv, Jianfeng Zhang, Songlei Jian, Chenlin Huang, Hongguang Zhang, Guansong Pang, Zhong Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Few-shot Anomaly Detection (AD) for images aims to detect anomalies with few-shot normal samples from the target dataset. It is a crucial task when only few samples can be obtained, and it is challenging since it needs to be generalized to different domains. Existing methods try to enhance the generalizability of AD by incorporating large vision-language models (LVLMs).However, how to transform category semantic information in LVLMs into anomaly information to improve the generalizability of AD remains a challenge facing existing methods.To address the challenge, we propose a few-shot AD method called MetaCAN, a novel category-to-anomaly network trained with AD meta-learning …

Context-Aware Hierarchical Taxonomy Generation For Scientific Papers Via Llm-Guided Multi-Aspect Clustering, Kun Zhu, Lizi Liao, Yuxuan Gu, Lei Huang, Xiaocheng Feng, Bing Qin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The rapid growth of scientific literature demands efficient methods to organize and synthesize research findings. Existing taxonomy construction methods, leveraging unsupervised clustering or direct prompting of large language models (LLMs), often lack coherence and granularity. We propose a novel context-aware hierarchical taxonomy generation framework that integrates LLM-guided multi-aspect encoding with dynamic clustering. Our method leverages LLMs to identify key aspects of each paper (e.g., methodology, dataset, evaluation) and generates aspect-specific paper summaries, which are then encoded and clustered along each aspect to form a coherent hierarchy. In addition, we introduce a new evaluation benchmark of 156 expert-crafted taxonomies encompassing 11.6k …

Security Modelling For Cyber-Physical Systems: A Systematic Literature Review, Shao Fei Huang, Christopher M. Poskitt, Lwin Khin Shar

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Cyber-physical systems are at the intersection of digital technology and engineering domains, rendering them high-value targets of sophisticated and well-funded cybersecurity threat actors. Prominent cybersecurity attacks on CPS have brought attention to the vulnerability of these systems and the inherent weaknesses of critical infrastructure reliant on them. Security modelling for CPS is an important mechanism to systematically identify and assess vulnerabilities, threats, and risks throughout system life cycles, and to ultimately ensure system resilience, safety, and reliability. This survey delves into state-of-the-art research on CPS security modelling, encompassing both threat and attack modelling. While these terms are sometimes used interchangeably, …

Intentionframe: A Semi-Structured, Multi-Aspect Framework For Fine-Grained Conversational Intention Understanding, Zailong Tian, Zhuoheng Han, Lizi Liao, Lizi Liao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Understanding user intentions in multi-turn dialogues is critical for conversational AI, yet existing approaches—relying on rigid slot-value structures or unstructured free-text—fail to fully capture conversational complexity. In this paper, we propose IntentionFrame, a semi-structured framework inspired by psychological and cognitive intention theories, which organizes conversational intents into four interrelated aspects: situation, emotion, action, and knowledge. This design not only retains interpretability but also provides LLMs with a rich context to accurately parse and respond to nuanced user inputs. To efficiently scale IntentionFrame annotations, we introduce a Weakly-supervised Reinforced Generation (WeRG) method that leverages a small set of high-quality human annotations …

Nationalism And Anglo-American Neo-Colonialism In Southeast Asia, 1945-1965, Wen-Qing (Wei Wenqing) Ngoei

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

It is tempting to treat the United States’ ill-fated military intervention in Vietnam in the 1960s as the desperate final gasp of a moribund Western imperial system. Certainly, scholars have described Washington’s military debacle in Vietnam as the end of America’s “short-lived empire” in Southeast Asia, emblematic of the broader, decisive triumph of Southeast Asian nationalism over western colonialism. This reading of Southeast Asian countries attaining formal independence after 1945, with tacit assumptions that colonialism and nationalism exist in binary opposition, tends to ossify when the region’s history is viewed through the lens of U.S. defeat in Vietnam.

In contrast, …