Digital Commons Network^™

Neuromodulating Mammals For Military Operations: Ethical Responsibility And Governance In Security Domains, Elise Annett, James Giordano

Strategic Insights

This commentary examines ethical and governance challenges associated with the potential use of neurotechnology to influence the behavior of marine mammals for military purposes. While the use of dolphins and sea lions in naval operations has historical precedent, reports suggesting that advanced neurotechnologies may be used to modulate or control the behavior of orcas represent a significant ethical and legal inflection point. Invasive neuromodulation techniques, such as implantable neural interfaces, pharmacological modulation, or remote stimulation raise serious concerns about animal welfare, agency, and the potential dual-use implications of neurotechnology. Stronger governance frameworks, including international dialogue, Department of War policy guidance, …

In Re: Ligado Networks Llc

2026 Decisions

USDC for the District of Delaware

Usa V. Deon Blair

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Western District of Pennsylvania

Robert Boyer V. Michael Mulvey

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

The Academic Lives Of Commuter Students: Examining The Use Of The Physical And Digital Spaces Within The Contemporary University, Rebecca Turner, Rao Namrata, Christie Pritchard, Oliver Webb, Emily Pinn, Asal Baharloo, Harriet Ball

Professional Services

It is estimated that 40% of UK undergraduates commute to study, travelling varying distances, and often daily. Although commuting can be challenging, many learners see it as a way to access university, whilst maintaining existing commitments and support networks, and offsetting growing costs of higher education (HE). This study employed a novel participatory mapping technique to stimulate focus groups of second- and third-year undergraduates who commute. We explored participants’ engagement with their institution’s campus, and online/digital spaces. Our findings show commuters have nuanced and intentional interactions with the University’s physical and digital landscape. We consider how these interactions may be …

The Medicinal Landscape Of Chrysanthemum Indicum L.: Bridging Traditional Wisdom And Modern Evidence, Gavin Liu, Elena Alexa, Tao Zhang

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Chrysanthemum indicum L. (C. indicum), a perennial herb widely distributed across East Asia,has long been utilised in traditional medicine and as a functional food ingredient. Contemporaryresearch has revealed a chemically diverse phytochemical profile, dominated byflavonoids, phenolic acids, sesquiterpene lactones, essential oils, carotenoids, and polysaccharides,which collectively underpin its broad pharmacological potential. Experimentalstudies demonstrate that extracts and isolated constituents of C. indicum exert pronouncedantioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and anticancereffects in vitro and in vivo, often through modulation of key molecular pathwayssuch as NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasomes, AMPK–SIRT1, and Nrf2 signalling. Emergingpharmacokinetic evidence indicates variable oral bioavailability and metabolic transformationof major bioactive compounds, …

Peranan Komite Hukum Organisasi Penerbangan Sipil Internasional Dalam Pengembangan Hukum Udara, K. Martono S.H., Ll.M.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Suatu Tinjauan Tentang Eksistensi Panitia Urusan Piutang Negara, H. Ruhulessin S.H.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Peranan Komite Hukum Organisasi Penerbangan Sipil Internasional Dalam Pengembangan Hukum Udara, K. Martono S.H., Ll.M.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Akibat Yuridis Dari Suatu Perkawinan Di Bawah Tangan, M. Idris Ramulyo, S.H.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Apa Dan Bagaimana Berita Negara Republik Indonesia, Kuneng Mulyadi, S.H.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Peranan Jual Beli Dengan Hak Membeli Kembali, Achmad Ali, S.H.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Peranan Jual Beli Dengan Hak Membeli Kembali, Soetarno Soedja

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Mayoritas Versus Monoritas Di Dalam Suatu Perseroan Batas, Timbul Thomas Lubis, S.H., Ll.M.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Aturan-Aturan Cara Pengolahan Sawah Beserta Latar Belakangnya Pada Masyarakat Samin, Th. Sadjito

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Kedudukan Tanah Tongkonan Dalam Hukum Tanah Positif, Prabowo Soedarso

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Pemanfaatan Tanah Hak Guna Usaha Dalam Rangka Penanaman Modal Asing, Arie Sukanti Sumantri

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Michigan Tech’S Insect Collection: An Important Historical Resource In The Upper Peninsula, Thomas E. Panella, Tara L. Bal

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Regional insect collections can be valuable resources when covering under-represented areas, unique time periods, or unique collectors. Houghton and Baraga County Michigan are two predominantly forested counties in the Upper Peninsula (UP) of Michigan. The main campus for Michigan Technological University is based in Houghton, MI with a forestry field campus in Baraga County that was acquired in 1954. The university has had forest entomology research in some capacity at least since the 1930’s with faculty, students, and members of the community preserving and submitting various specimens in the decades since then, making it a unique collection demographically. The collection …

Cover Pages For Tgle Vol. 58 Nos. 3 & 4

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cover pages for TGLE Vol. 58 Nos. 3 & 4

“Today’S Video Is Sponsored By: Child Labor” The Need To Expand Federal Child Labor Protections To Online Content Creation, Zayda Torres Barrios

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

The Fantastic Adventures YouTube channel, owned by Machelle Hobson, had grown to almost 800,000 subscribers and over 250 million views by 2019. The channel’s content featured Hobson’s seven adopted children in entertaining weekly ten-to-fifteen-minute skits where they did things like pretend to be superheroes and have lightsaber battles. However, things were not as blissful as they seemed as Hobson was arrested in March 2019—facing thirty child abuse related charges. The police said the children were “malnourished” and had been withdrawn from school for many years to have more time to film videos for their family channel. The probable cause …

Texas Two-Stepping With Bad Faith: Dismissing Solvent Corporate Debtor Filings Under Chapter 11, Megan Russelman

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

A majority of corporate bankruptcies occur within the scope of a Chapter 11 reorganization, as the process allows a debtor to retain control over most business operations and act in place of the trustee. Most frequently, a debtor will file for Chapter 11 when they are facing debts they are unable or unwilling to repay when due. However, given the absence of an insolvency requirement in the Bankruptcy Code, some corporations utilize a Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing to handle their debts even if they are not entirely insolvent. Many corporations that have taken advantage of solvent debtor filings have …

Defining The Undefined: Reimagining The “Undue Hardship” Standard In Light Of Its Harmonious Interpretation, C. Sam D’Alba

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Part I of this Note provides background on the student loan crisis and the history of the nondischargeability of student loan debt. Part II of this Note examines the DOJ’s Guidance on litigating “undue hardship,” the intra-circuit criticism of the Brunner framework, and the need for harmony in understanding “undue hardship” in light of other authority governing student loans. Part III of this Note argues for a shift in the analysis of “undue hardship” based on practical guidance from the DOJ, the DOE, and the courts. This shift focuses on the subjectivities of each bankruptcy case and the need …

Ladies First? The Tax Code Says Otherwise Tax Policy And The Cost Of Economic Dependence, Doron Narotzki, Tamir Shanan

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

First, inclusion and equity policies—such as anti-discrimination laws, affordable childcare, or education access—increase people’s participation in the labor market and thus increase federal and state revenues. Second, ultimately, tax law is not just a mechanism for raising revenue. It actively shapes economic and social realities. By acknowledging the ways in which it has reinforced outdated structures, we can also recognize its untapped potential. If designed differently, tax policy could—and should—serve as more than just a fiscal tool. It could foster economic autonomy, address inequalities, better reflect the needs of a changing society which includes, among other factors, a transition …

The Takings Clause And The Environment, Timothy M. Harris

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Congress and state legislatures have been slow to address growing cries for increased environmental protections. Climate change and the attendant sea-level rise, wetland protections, cleanup of hazardous substances, and protections for species listed under the Endangered Species Act often require extensive regulation of private lands to be effective. The political will to implement environmentally conscious regulations varies with election cycles and social mores, but there is a legal—constitutional—impediment that overrides these political winds. The Fifth Amendment’s Takings Clause frequently creates an insurmountable budgetary obstacle to broad land use restrictions that may otherwise be implemented to protect the environment.

Government …

The Authoritarian Semiotics Of The New Campus Mask Bans, Rob Kahn

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

In 2024, students took part in protests for and against Israel’s military actions in Gaza. Some protests were disruptive and violent— most were not. In response, calls arose across the country to ban masks. In New York, a broad organization of civil rights groups called for a statewide mask ban under the hashtag #UnmaskHateNY, while New York Governor Kathy Hochul—with the support of New York City Mayor Eric Adams—called for a mask ban on the New York City subways. There were also calls in North Carolina and Los Angeles for new, or enhanced, mask bans. Meanwhile, Ohio’s Attorney General …

We May Need To Run A Few More Tests: Artificial Intelligence In Medicine Is Here And What Should Happen If Dr. Robot Makes A Mistake, Jenna Hidalgo

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Steeped In Conflict: Exploring How The United States’ Ratification Of The Icescr Could Promote International Human Rights, Particularly In The Tea Industry, Phoebe Appel

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Breaking The Cycle Of Violence: Transitional Justice For El Salvador In The Shadow Of Authoritarianism, Marsha Pimentel

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Evolution Of Indian Bilateral Investment Treaties: Pre And Post Revision Of Model Bit, S.R. Subramanian

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

A Mixed Method Approach To Assessing The Feasibility Of Implementing The Ottawa Paramedic Physical Abilities Test (Tm) In The Australian Context, Samantha Sheridan, Rodney Pope, Renee S. Macphee, Alexander Macquarrie, Steven Fischer, Gavin Buzza, Hannah Stack, Lyndal Bolton, Jacob Grevell, Christopher Tony Sheridan, Jacinta Buckman, Russell Rayner

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Introduction: There is a need for evidence-based pre-employment physical fitness test standards in paramedic organisations. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of implementing an existing, international, standardised pre-employment paramedic physical capacity test, the Ottawa Paramedic Physical Abilities Test (OPPAT^TM), in the Australian context. Methods: In this mixed-method feasibility study, 12 undergraduate paramedicine students completed two generic predictive tests - a three-minute step test (3MST₂₀) and a grip strength test - and two physical employment tests: the Ottawa Paramedic Physical Abilities Test (OPPAT^TM) and the New South Wales Ambulance Test (NSWAT) – and a …