Digital Commons Network^™

Chicago, Arbitrary Detention And Torture: An Examination Of Human Rights Violations And Legal Responses Under The Second Trump Administration, Gianna Keuer

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

This paper uses a human rights-based analysis to explore the legal implications of the second Trump administration’s deportation policies, using frameworks enacted by international legal organizations and state-level bodies. Drawing upon the Convention Against Torture, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and established state policies, the paper identifies important jus cogens norms against arbitrary detention and torture. With Chicago serving as a case study, the paper explores different avenues that have been employed to counter violations of prohibitions of arbitrary detention and torture, ultimately concluding that state-level policy responses and impact litigation cases serve as a more efficacious …

How Maine Beat Strict Scrutiny, Nicholas Glover Esq.

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Paradox Of Equal Protection: Anti-Subordination Rhetoric In Service Of Anti-Classification Ends, Aanya Ghosh

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

This article examines the evolution of Equal Protection jurisprudence through the competing lenses of anti-classification and anti-subordination. Anti-classification holds that the Constitution prohibits governmental use of racial categories regardless of purpose; anti-subordination holds that the Equal Protection Clause targets the perpetuation of racial hierarchy rather than the mere use of racial categories. Beginning with the foundational ambiguity of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) and tracing the doctrinal trajectory through Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (2007), and Students for Fair Admissions …

Understanding Government Regulation On Food And The Constitutionality Of Banning High Fructose Corn Syrup For National Defense, Charlotte Bernhard

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

The following work explores a hypothetical scenario in 2029 where President Gavin Newson  hopes to decrease obesity to increase the number of Americans eligible for the draft. As tensions rise in North Korea, the President considers sending around 200,000 troops to South Korea and Japan, yet with high levels of obesity in the United States, a low number of eligible Americans for deployment may put unnecessary strain on troops. Therefore, the President considers banning high fructose corn syrup-containing products to decrease obesity rates.

This work explores how the President and American government can constitutionally limit foods containing high fructose corn …

The Missing Step To Equality: Feminist Readings Of The Broken Rung, Putri Rizky, Muhammad Irfan Syaebani, Rofikoh Rokhim

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

Women’s underrepresentation in leadership remains a persistent global challenge, often analyzed through the metaphor of the glass ceiling. While this concept highlights barriers at the top of organizational hierarchies, it fails to capture the earlier and more foundational obstacle of the broken rung: women’s disproportionate exclusion from their first promotion into managerial positions. This research employs a desk analysis to examine the causes, mechanisms, and implications of the broken rung within the Indonesian context, linking it to three theoretical frameworks: liberal feminism, symbolic violence, and intersectionality.

The study finds that from a liberal feminist perspective, the broken rung …

When Work Becomes Decent: Linking Decent Work To Turnover Intention Through Direct And Indirect Pathways In Indonesia’S Blue-Collar Sector, Dewi Setiani, Elok Savitri Pusparini

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

High turnover remains a persistent challenge in labor-intensive industries, particularly among blue- collar workers in developing countries. This study investigates the role of Decent Work in reducing Turnover Intention through the mediating effect of Job Satisfaction, focusing on employees in the false eyelash manufacturing sector in Central Java, Indonesia. Guided by the Psychology of Working Theory (PWT), Self-Determination Theory (SDT), and the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) framework, the study aims to provide theoretical and practical insights into employee retention strategies.

Data were collected through a survey of 578 production employees across five major eyelash manufacturing companies. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) …

Ex Aequo Et Bono In Indonesian Legal Practice: An Explorative Study And Critique Against Current Understanding Of The Term, Tristam Pascal Moeliono

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

Doctrinal uncertainty persists regarding the extent to which judges in Indonesia may adjudicate on the basis of equity and fairness, particularly in relation to requests for decisions grounded in ex aequo et bono. This issue is especially evident in civil proceedings, where such requests are frequently articulated in pleadings and closing statements. Drawing on an analysis of regulatory frameworks and judicial practice, and employing normative and comparative legal approaches, it is argued that adjudication grounded in equity—conceptually linked to fairness, propriety, and broader considerations of justice—constitutes an inherent component of judicial obligation in Indonesia. At the same time, requests …

The Role Of Music Publishers In Managing Copyright In Musical Works In Indonesia: A Legal Analysis, Diana Silfiani

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

This study aims to examine music publishers as managers of song and music copyrights in Indonesia. Although music publishers are legally recognized as part of the rights holders, in practice they demonstrate distinct and broader characteristics, functions, and roles compared to other rights holders. Due to the absence of clear and comprehensive regulations under Indonesian law, this study compares the legal framework governing music publishers in Indonesia with those in the United States and South Korea to seek comparable regulations. The analysis adopts a qualitative approach, using normative juridical research and a prescriptive typology to propose alternative solutions to the …

The Legal Status Of Indonesia-China Joint Statement 2024 And Its Legal Implications For Unclos Under The Law Of Treaties, Amanda Christie, Diajeng Wulan Christianti

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

The legal standing of joint statements in international law remains contested, particularly with respect to their qualification as treaties under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. This issue has become increasingly relevant following the 2024 Joint Statement between Indonesia and China on Advancing the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership and the China-Indonesia Community with a Shared Future. Despite its political framing, item nine, which contains a provision on joint development in areas described as overlapping claims in the South China Sea, raises critical legal concerns that the implications may constitute a legally binding treaty. This article employs a doctrinal legal …

Implementation Of The Administrative Dispute Resolution System For Citizens' Legal Protection In Indonesia After The Enactment Of Law Number 30 Of 2014 On Government Administration, Ayi Solehudin, Zainal Muttaqin, Dewi Kania Sugiharti

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

The integrated administrative dispute resolution system in Indonesia positions Administrative Proceedings as the primum remedium and the State Administrative Court as the ultimum remedium. This system is intended to provide comprehensive legal protection for citizens. However, in practice, it can lead to prolonged and ineffective dispute resolution processes, thereby limiting citizens' access to defend their rights before the the Administrative Court. This study analyses an effective integrated state administrative dispute resolution system that ensures legal protection for citizens. The legal issues addressed include the regulation of Administrative Proceedings within the integrated state administrative dispute resolution system following the enactment …

Improving Judicial Reasoning In Constitutional Rights Cases: The Case For A Structured Proportionality Test In The Indonesian Constitutional Court, Muhamad Dzadit Taqwa

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

This study evaluates the structured proportionality test modelled after the German approach. It argues that the Indonesian Constitutional Court should adopt this test when reviewing statutory limitations on constitutional rights under the amended 1945 Constitution. While the structurally weak protection of constitutional rights in the Constitution provides the contextual motivation for this inquiry, the central focus is instrumental: to assess the benefits and challenges of proportionality as a tool for improving judicial reasoning in constitutional rights adjudication. The analysis identifies three key benefits, including enhanced problem identification, improved justification of legislative limitations, and strengthened methodological rigor in judicial decision-making. At …

Har Ḥoẓevim: A Frankish Farmhouse North Of Jerusalem, Raz Kletter, Adrian Boas

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

A Group Of Glass Vessels From Nir Gallim, Yael Gorin-Rosen

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

Coins From The Salvage Excavations At Meron, Robert Kool, Donald T. Ariel

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

Excavations At Ramot Be’Er Sheva‘, Site 47, Ianir Milevski, Rina Y. Bankirer

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

Full Issue

International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice

No abstract provided.

Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors And The Prevalence Of Obesity Among Female Adolescents In Southern Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Abdullah Hassan Alhalafi, Ibrahim Awad Eljack, Abdullah M. Alshahrani, Abubakar Mohammed Jibo, Kamal Elden Alhassan, Partha A. Nandi, Rabia Farooq Jan, Abeer Adel Alshaer, Anwar Ali Alshehri, Atheer Hameed Alqarni, Albatool Khaled Alshahrani, Amirah Monyf Alotybi, Bushra Saeed Alshehri, Fatmah Ali Shehab, Mirnan Adel Alghamdi

University of Bisha Journal for Basic and Applied Sciences

Introduction: Adolescence is a critical period for establishing lifelong health habits; however, many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor diet, lack of physical activity, inadequate sleep, and smoking, are common. This study aimed to assess healthy lifestyle behaviors among female adolescents in Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a school-based cross-sectional study that examined lifestyle behaviors among 403 female adolescents (ages 15–19) in Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Using a multistage stratified cluster sampling method, data were collected through a validated questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS 29. Results: Out of 403 female adolescents, 4.7% of participants were obese, while 57.1% had a …

(((Qpie33))) Aetheris-12 Sovereign Defense Mandate., Teddy Burroughs

Defensive Publications Series

This is the QPIE Quantum Perspective Is Everything… Aetheris-12 Sovereign Defense Mandate. This document is a high-bandwidth, long-form response to the institutional “Sapiens Standard Model” (SSM) skeptics, the gatekeepers of the binary scientific apparatus, and the holders of the peer-reviewed status quo.

We recognize your position. From the perspective of the 637mK Stochastic Nursery, the QPIE 0.993 Floor looks like “Pseudo-Science” because your instruments are calibrated for Friction, whereas ours are calibrated for Laminarity. You are attempting to measure a Superfluid Solid with a thermometer designed for boiling water.

Below, we address the top 12 institutional rebuttals …

The Comfort Of The Cage: Why The Bamboozled Stay And The 54 Obvious Paradoxes That Proves It!, Teddy Burroughs

Defensive Publications Series

This deep dive is a forensic decoding of why “Comfortable Numbness” is the primary competitor of Resonant Abundance. As always We approach this with Compassion, Gratitude, and Trust (CGT), because these “Toddlers” are us—they are simply nodes currently trapped in a high-viscosity “Jitter Loop.”

II. THE ANATOMY OF THE CAGE: THE FOUR PILLARS OF ATTACHMENT

1. The Safety-Predictability Glitch

In the 3D Toddler Room, “Safety” is defined as “knowing what is going to happen next,” even if what happens next is bad. Sapiens prefer a Predictable Misery over an Unpredictable Infinite.

• The Mechanics: If you know …

Sosiologi Perundang-Undangan Dan Pemanfaatannya, Jufrina Rizal

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Pembaharuan Hukum Terhadap Pasal 26 Ayat (I) Uud Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, Fatmawati Fatmawati

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Perlindungan Program Komputer Menurut Hukum Hak Kekayaan Intelektual, Afifah Kusumadara

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Posisi Hukum Badan Pengadilan Pajak Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia, Tri Hayati

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Ketentuan Forward-Statements Di Pasar Modal, Bismar Nasution

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Kinerja Polri Pasca Polri Mandiri, Farouk Muhammad

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Groundwater Laws And Regulations: Survey Of Twenty-One U.S. States, Rebekah Acosta-Hueston, Abigail Adkins, Khadija Alibhai, Olivia Alland, Matthew C. Allen, Dan Archibald, Jeffrey Berk, John Broussard, Justin Cias, Bradford Eckhart, Blakely Fahning, Jackson Field, Michael Flores, Ellen Earl Gillis, Emma Golightly, Merrick Hayashi, David Hernandez, Kate Keithley, Matthew Maslanka, Erin Milliken, Lucas Mylet, Abigail Nichols, James O’Donnell, James Osteen, Connor Pabich, Cheryl Patterson, Rhyan Phillips, Sarah Rathmell, Margaret Reed, Laura Smith, Kelsi Sorrells, Brooke Thoendel, Ani Tookoian, Sandhya Wagle, Margaret Ward, Mackenzie Watson, Carolyn Wheeler, Ashley Wilde

EENRS Program Reports & Publications

This report constitutes the third and final volume in an ongoing project designed to explore and articulate the groundwater quantity laws and regulations of all fifty U.S. states that could then be used for comparative research. This particular report presents surveys for twenty-one states from across the country. The first volume featured thirteen state surveys while the second volume contained sixteen additional state surveys. Both can be found on the project website at: https://www.law.tamu.edu/US-Groundwater-Laws.

Professor Gabriel Eckstein at Texas A&M University School of Law and Professor Amy Hardberger at Texas Tech University School of Law developed an analytical rubric …

Féminicide: Institutional Silence On The Screams Of Murdered Women In France, M. Afif Alfadin Syarif, Airin Miranda

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

Rising awareness of women's homicide in France has challenged the government to provide an adequate legal response, as feminist groups began advocating and expressing the discourse on women's homicide since 2014 through the term féminicide. The nature of this crime remains contentious in legal discourse, particularly given the significant rise in féminicide cases in 2019. This study, therefore, aims to examine the phenomenon of féminicide in France, exploring both the discourse surrounding it and the legal responses from the government. Drawing on 46 cases recorded in 2023 by the feminist collective #NousToutes, and with particular attention to relevant legal …

From People To Algorithms: Does Bpm Maturity Shape An Ai-Ready Workforce?, Piotr Sliż, Jędrzej Siciński, Beata Jackowska

European Management Studies

Purpose: Introducing AI into an organization should not be limited to technological implementation alone. It also requires a coherent management framework that supports this transformation – especially regarding the workforce. The research focuses on the question: What are the relationships between BPM maturity, AI implementation, and workforce maturity in the organizations studied? The main objective is to examine how these three elements interact and what this means for organizations aiming to build readiness for AI-driven change.

Design/methodology/approach: To explain the relationships between BPM maturity, AI implementation, and workforce maturity, a survey-based study was conducted among a convenience sample …

Kevin Davis V. John Wetzel

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Western District of Pennsylvania

Food Fortification Strategies To Address Micronutrient Deficiencies In Cambodia: A Scoping Review Of Policy Implementation, Industry Capacity, And Public Health Outcomes, Sokha Yem, Sreypeov Tun, Sokunthea Kem

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies remain a major public health challenge in Cambodia, with iron deficiency anaemia, iodine deficiency disorders, zinc deficiency, and vitamin A deficiency disproportionately affecting women of reproductive age and children under five. Food fortification—the deliberate addition of essential micronutrients to commonly consumed foods—has been widely recognised as a cost-effective population-level intervention to address nutritional gaps. Objective: To systematically map and synthesise existing evidence on food fortification strategies in Cambodia, focusing on policy implementation, industry production capacity and compliance, regulatory enforcement, and public health outcomes. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework and …