Digital Commons Network^™

Dynamics Of Nanocluster Aerosol In The Indoor Atmosphere During Gas Cooking, Satya S. Patra, Jinglin Jiang, Xiaosu Ding, Chunxu Huang, Emily K. Reidy, Vinay Kumar, Paige Price, Connor Keech, Gerhard Steiner, Philip Stevens, Nusrat Jung, Brandon E. Boor

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Nanocluster aerosol (NCA: particles in the size range of 1–3 nm) are a critically important, yet understudied, class of atmospheric aerosol particles. NCA efficiently deposit in the human respiratory system and can translocate to vital organs. Due to their high surface area-to-mass ratios, NCA are associated with a heightened propensity for bioactivity and toxicity. Despite the human health relevance of NCA, little is known regarding the prevalence of NCA in indoor environments where people spend the majority of their time. In this study, we quantify the formation and transformation of indoor atmospheric NCA down to 1 nm via high-resolution online …

Psychological/Behavioral Interventions For Emerging Adults With Chronic Pain, Michael R. Foy, Sandra Kechichian, Judith G. Foy, Maisa Ziadni

Psychological Science Faculty Works

Background: Emerging adults, of whom significant numbers report chronic pain, are characterized as having unique needs and challenges. Psychological/behavioral treatments found to be beneficial for reducing pain outcomes in children and adults are understudied in emerging adults. Following a systematic review of the literature, our objective is to report on quantitative studies of psychological/behavioral interventions for chronic pain in emerging adults. Method: We conducted a search of six databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science) and reference sections in dissertations and systematic reviews to 4/29/2023. Keywords and phrases were search term …

Association Of Plasma Ykl-40 With Mri, Csf, And Cognitive Markers Of Brain Health And Dementia, Matthew P Pase, Jayandra J Himali, Raquel Puerta, Alexa S Beiser, Mitzi M Gonzales, Claudia L Satizabal, Qiong Yang, Hugo J Aparicio, Daniel J Kojis, Charles S Decarli, Oscar L Lopez, Will Longstreth, Vilmundur Gudnason, Thomas H Mosley, Joshua C Bis, Alison Fohner, Bruce M Psaty, Mercè Boada, Pablo García-González, Sergi Valero, Marta Marquié, Russell Tracy, Lenore J Launer, Agustín Ruiz, Myriam Fornage, Sudha Seshadri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Higher YKL-40 levels in the CSF are a known biomarker of brain inflammation. We explored the utility of plasma YKL-40 as a biomarker for accelerated brain aging and dementia risk.

METHODS: We performed cross-sectional and prospective analyses of 4 community-based cohorts in the United States or Europe: the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study, Atherosclerosis Risk in the Communities study, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, and Framingham Heart Study (FHS). YKL-40 was measured from stored plasma by a single laboratory using Mesoscale Discovery with levels log transformed and standardized within each cohort. Outcomes included MRI total …

A Qualitative Examination Of Teachers’ Experiences Building Student Resilience In Rural Kenya, Priscilla Ann Stafford Allen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Students in rural and underresourced school settings often perform poorly due to adversity. This is evident in subcounty schools where challenges such as domestic violence and low socioeconomic status further impact students' academic performance. Researchers have demonstrated that the relationship between students and teachers is instrumental in building resilience and developing social emotional competence. By fostering resilience, teachers can play a crucial role in mitigating these challenges. However, few studies have examined teacher experience in building resilience in students through a qualitative study. Using a generic qualitative descriptive study and grounded in the theory of resilience, semistructured interviews were completed …

Extrasynaptic Localization Is Essential For Α5gabaa Receptor Modulation Of Dopamine System Function, Alexandra M. Mccoy, Thomas D. Prevot, Md Yeunus Mian, Dishary Sharmin, Adeeba N. Ahmad, James M. Cook, Etienne L. Sibille, Daniel J. Lodge

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

Dopamine system dysfunction, observed in animal models with psychosis-like symptomatology, can be restored by targeting gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) containing the α5, but not α1, subunit in the ventral hippocampus (vHipp). The reason for this discrepancy in efficacy remains elusive; however, one key difference is that gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors containing the α1 subunit (α1GABAARs) are primarily located in the synapse, whereas gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors containing the α5 subunit (α5GABAARs) are mostly extrasynaptic. To test whether receptor location is responsible for this difference in efficacy, we injected an siRNA into the vHipp to knock down …

Rbpms Regulates Cardiomyocyte Contraction And Cardiac Function Through Rna Alternative Splicing, Peiheng Gan, Zhaoning Wang, Svetlana Bezprozvannaya, John R Mcanally, Wei Tan, Hui Li, Rhonda Bassel-Duby, Ning Liu, Eric N Olson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aims: RNA binding proteins play essential roles in mediating RNA splicing and are key post-transcriptional regulators in the heart. Our recent study demonstrated that RBPMS (RNA binding protein with multiple splicing) is crucial for cardiac development through modulating mRNA splicing, but little is known about its functions in the adult heart. In this study, we aim to characterize the post-natal cardiac function of Rbpms and its mechanism of action.

Methods and results: We generated a cardiac-specific knockout mouse line and found that cardiac-specific loss of Rbpms caused severe cardiomyocyte contractile defects, leading to dilated cardiomyopathy and early lethality in adult …

Bridging Therapy With Axicabtagene Ciloleucel For Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Results From The Us Lymphoma Car-T Consortium, Michael D Jain, Miriam T Jacobs, Feng Gao, Loretta J Nastoupil, Jay Y Spiegel, Yi Lin, Saurabh Dahiya, Matthew Lunning, Lazaros Lekakis, Patrick Reagan, Olalekan Oluwole, Joseph Mcguirk, Abhinav Deol, Alison R Sehgal, Andre Goy, Brian T Hill, Charalambos Andreadis, Javier Munoz, Julio C Chavez, N Nora Bennani, Aaron P Rapoport, Julie M Vose, David Miklos, Sattva S Neelapu, Frederick L Locke, Armin Ghobadi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

During the manufacturing period of autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, patients may experience a decline in their condition due to cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the impact of bridging therapy (BT) on the outcome of patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma who received antilymphoma treatment between leukapheresis and axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) infusion. We conducted our analysis using data from the multicenter US Lymphoma CAR-T Consortium, with a median follow-up of 33 months (range, 4.3-42.1). Out of the 298 patients who underwent leukapheresis, 275 patients received axi-cel. A total 52% of patients (n = 143) who received …

Differential Upregulation Of Th1/Th17-Associated Proteins And Pd-L1 In Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides, Mario L Marques-Piubelli, Jesus Navarrete, Debora A Ledesma, Courtney W Hudgens, Rossana N Lazcano, Ali Alani, Auris Huen, Madeleine Duvic, Priyadharsini Nagarajan, Phyu P Aung, Ignacio I Wistuba, Jonathan L Curry, Roberto N Miranda, Carlos A Torres-Cabala

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides (GMF) is a rare form of mycosis fungoides (MF) characterized by a granulomatous infiltrate associated with the neoplastic lymphoid population and is considered to have a worse prognosis compared with regular MF. The upregulation of the T helper (Th) axis, especially Th17, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory/infectious granulomatous cutaneous diseases, but its role in GMF is still not elucidated to date. In this study, we evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of Th1 (Tbet), Th2 (GATA-3), Th17 (RORγT), T regulatory (Foxp3), and immune checkpoint (IC) (PD-1 and PD-L1) markers in a cohort of patients …

At Chdi Conference, Advocates Inspire Acceleration Of Quest For Huntington’S Disease Therapies, Kenneth P. Serbin Phd

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Relative Periodicity Of Empirical Audio Samples With Application To Dissonance Perception, Linden Faye, Spencer Kuhn, Anil Venkatesh

LASER Journal

The concept of dissonance in music perception has been variously associated with the physical concepts of roughness, instability, and tension by appealing to a subjective cross-sensory analogy. For all the subjectivity around the term, it is noteworthy that non-musical test subjects in clinical experiments have produced remarkably consistent rank-orderings of musical sounds, according to the perceived dissonance of those sounds. Further studies in psychology, neuroscience, and mathematics show that consonance perception appears to be influenced not only by convention and culture but by the psychoacoustics of sound perception, likely by some combination of the Helmholtz theory of roughness and the …

What Waterfowl Hunters Want: Exploring Heterogeneity In Hunting Trip Preferences, Katherine A. Sainsbury, Howard W. Harshaw, David C. Fulton, Nicholas W. Cole, Ashley A. Dayer, Jennie N. Duberstein, Andrew H. Raedeke, Rudy M. Schuster, Mark P. Vrtiska

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Canadian and American waterfowl hunters were surveyed to identify their hunting trip preferences. Respondents were individuals that were now participating or had participated in waterfowl hunting, and most had hunted the majority of the last five years. We identified four latent classes of waterfowl hunters that varied in their preferences for harvest, access effort, length of travel, quantity of waterfowl seen, and the potential for interference/competition. We found a diminishing return associated with the number of waterfowl harvested, and that ‘devoted’ and ‘local’ hunters did not perceive appreciable benefit from harvesting more birds beyond harvesting a single bird. Results highlight …

Mitosis Mystery!, Lluvia Garcia

Critical Proceedings of the STEM ED Conference (2023)

No abstract provided.

The Rider (2024-02-26), Natalie Lapsley

The Rider Archives

Vol.9 No.21

Caregivers' Attachment Relationships With Infants And Toddlers During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Rebecca Ellen Roth

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Health and safety protocols related to the COVID-19 pandemic and its variants continue to influence practices in infant–toddler programs one western state in the United States; caregivers in the state are concerned about attachment relationships with infants and toddlers. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore caregiver perceptions of attachment relationships related to the COVID-19 pandemic and its variants and the influence of health and safety protocols on caregiver practices. The conceptual framework combined attachment and biobehavioral theories. Data from interviews with four infant and six toddler caregivers were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by searching for patterns …

Ecology And Management Of The Crapemyrtle Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) On Crapemyrtle (Myrtales: Lythraceae) In The Southern United States, Caleb J. Wilson, Matthew A. Bertone

Entomology Faculty Publications

Crapemyrtle aphid [Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy 1907)] (CMA) is an introduced pest of crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia spp. L.), which is among the most common ornamental tree genera in the southern United States. Native to Southeast Asia, CMA has become established on 5 other continents. CMAs produce honeydew as they feed which supports sooty mold growth and can result in leaf defoliation on infested trees. CMAs tend to be most abundant in crapemyrtles planted in locations with extensive surrounding impervious surface cover. A large community of generalist natural enemies are found in close association with CMA, which suggests that CMAs may help conserve …

The Mirror Project: Reflections On The Experiences Of African-American Female Adolescents Experiencing Foster Care, Bahia Anise-Cross Degruy Overton

Dissertations and Theses

As the author Zora Neale Hurston says, "If you're silent about your pain, they'll kill you and say you enjoyed it." The Mirror Project (MP) aims to break this silence by giving voice to Black women who have experienced foster care in Portland, Oregon during their adolescence. In focus groups and interviews, participants shared their stories. Racial identity development theory, phenomenology and Afrocentric feminist epistemology provided lenses for gaining insight into their experiences in a predominantly white city. The MP revealed six themes: lack of youth engagement in foster care decisions, the need for a cultural lens in social work, …

Exploring The Mechanical Strength, Antimicrobial Performance, And Bioactivity Of 3d-Printed Silicon Nitride-Peek Composites In Cervical Spinal Cages, Cemile Basgul, Paul Desantis, Tabitha Derr, Noreen J. Hickok, Ryan M. Bock, Steven M. Kurtz

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

In this study, our goal was to assess the suitability of a polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) polymer composite for antimicrobial three-dimensional (3D)-printed cervical cages. Generic cage designs (PEEK and 15 vol.% Si3N4-PEEK) were 3D-printed, including solid and porous cage designs. Cages were tested in static compression, compression shear, and torsion per ASTM F2077. For antibacterial testing, virgin and composite filament samples were inoculated with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. In vitro cell testing was conducted using MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblasts, where cell proliferation, cumulative mineralization, and osteogenic activity were measured. The 3D-printed PEEK and Si3N4-PEEK cages exhibited adequate mechanical …

Scgist: Gene Panel Design For Spatial Transcriptomics With Prioritized Gene Sets, Mashrur Ahmed Yafi, Md Hasibul Husain Hisham, Francisco Grisanti, James F Martin, Atif Rahman, Md Abul Hassan Samee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

A critical challenge of single-cell spatial transcriptomics (sc-ST) technologies is their panel size. Being based on fluorescence in situ hybridization, they are typically limited to panels of about a thousand genes. This constrains researchers to build panels from only the marker genes of different cell types and forgo other genes of interest, e.g., genes encoding ligand-receptor complexes or those in specific pathways. We propose scGIST, a constrained feature selection tool that designs sc-ST panels prioritizing user-specified genes without compromising cell type detection accuracy. We demonstrate scGIST's efficacy in diverse use cases, highlighting it as a valuable addition to sc-ST's algorithmic …

Polyaminer-Bulk Is A Deep Learning-Based Algorithm That Decodes Alternative Polyadenylation Dynamics From Bulk Rna-Seq Data, Venkata Soumith Jonnakuti, Eric J Wagner, Mirjana Maletić-Savatić, Zhandong Liu, Hari Krishna Yalamanchili

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a key post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism; yet, its regulation and impact on human diseases remain understudied. Existing bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)-based APA methods predominantly rely on predefined annotations, severely impacting their ability to decode novel tissue- and disease-specific APA changes. Furthermore, they only account for the most proximal and distal cleavage and polyadenylation sites (C/PASs). Deconvoluting overlapping C/PASs and the inherent noisy 3' UTR coverage in bulk RNA-seq data pose additional challenges. To overcome these limitations, we introduce PolyAMiner-Bulk, an attention-based deep learning algorithm that accurately recapitulates C/PAS sequence grammar, resolves overlapping C/PASs, captures non-proximal-to-distal APA changes, …

Lotic-Sipco2: Adaptation Of An Open-Source Co2 Sensor System And Examination Of Associated Emission Uncertainties Across A Range Of Stream Sizes And Land Uses, Andrew L. Robison, Lauren E. Koenig, Jody D. Potter, Lisle E. Snyder, Christopher W. Hunt, William H. Mcdowell, Wilfred M. Wollheim

Faculty Publications

River networks play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, as relevant sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. Advancements in high-frequency monitoring in aquatic environments have enabled measurement of dissolved CO2 concentration at temporal resolutions essential for studying carbon variability and evasion from these dynamic ecosystems. Here, we describe the adaptation, deployment, and validation of an open-source and relatively low-cost in situ pCO2 sensor system for lotic ecosystems, the lotic-SIPCO2. We tested the lotic-SIPCO2 in 10 streams that spanned a range of land cover and basin size. Key system adaptations for lotic environments included prevention of biofouling, …

Medication Utilization For Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyposis (Crswnp) And Asthma In 12 Months Pre- And Post-Dupilumab Initiation, Emily Garvey, Bita Naimi, Alexander Duffy, Chase Kahn, Douglas Farquhar, Marc Rosen, Mindy Rabinowitz, Damaris Pena Evertz, Jessica Most, Elina Toskala, Gurston G. Nyquist

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

Key Points:

• This study examines the impact of dupilumab on medication use for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and asthma patients.
• Patients on dupilumab had a reduction in oral/inhaled/topical steroids, antibiotics, and leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs).
• The reduction in medication use had no impact on total polyp or SNOT-22 scores.

Isokinetic Versus Isotonic Resistance Training: Defining The Mechanisms Of Hypertrophy And Exercise Execution Methods, George Daughtry

Doctorate in Kinesiology

Abstract

Purpose: To determine strength changes and hypertrophy differences at the biceps brachii between an isokinetic bicep curl machine created by C&M Machines and preacher curl exercise with a standard curl bar. The study also aimed to determine the effectiveness of the aforementioned machine and to give insight into this unique method of training.

Methods: A medical clearance form and a Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire was implemented to evaluate ability to exercise. 10 subjects (n=10) were recruited, were 20.3 years old (20 +/- 2), and were cleared for rigorous exercise. Subjects were randomly assigned to a control group …

Human-Driven Fire And Vegetation Dynamics On The Caribbean Island Of Barbuda From Early Indigenous To Modern Times, Allison R. Leblanc, Lisa M. Kennedy, Michael J. Burn, Université Laval, Sophia Perdikaris

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

We present a multiproxy analysis of a sediment core from Freshwater Pond, Barbuda, one of just a few inland paleoenvironmental records from the Lesser Antilles. Our results shed light on the relative contributions of climate variability and Pre- and Post-Columbian human activities to vegetation and fire dynamics on Barbuda. The presence of macroscopic charcoal and pollen of ethnobotanically-useful and disturbance-indicator plant taxa in the sediment record suggests that Pre-Columbian subsistence activities occurred within a few kilometers of the pond between ~150 BCE and ~1250 CE. Our record extends anthropogenic fires back into the early Ceramic (500 BCE–1500 CE) and possibly …

Students' Attitudes Toward Computers At The College Of Nursing At King Saud University (Ksu), Osama A. Samarkandi

Dissertations

Computer knowledge and skills are becoming essential components technology in nursing education. Saudi nurses must be prepared to utilize these technologies for the advancement of science and nursing practice in local and global communities.

Little attention has been directed to students' attitudes about computer usage in academic communities in Saudi Arabia. Their attitudes about the use of computers for the enhancement of learning are relatively unknown. Few research studies have been identified that explicate Saudi Arabian nursing students' attitudes toward computer usage for the acquisition of knowledge and skills.

Males and females matriculate at King Saud University (KSU), but attend …

Relation Of Life Sciences Students’ Metacognitive Monitoring To Neural Activity During Biology Error Detection, Mei Grace Behrendt, Caron Clark, Mckenna Elliott, Joseph Dauer

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Metacognitive calibration—the capacity to accurately self-assess one’s performance—forms the basis for error detection and self-monitoring and is a potential catalyst for conceptual change. Limited brain imaging research on authentic learning tasks implicates the lateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate brain regions in expert scientific reasoning. This study aimed to determine how variation in undergraduate life sciences students’ metacognitive calibration relates to their brain activity when evaluating the accuracy of biological models. Fifty undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory life sciences course completed a biology model error detection task during fMRI. Students with higher metacognitive calibration recruited lateral prefrontal regions linked in …

The Significance Of Moral Agency For Socioeconomic Justice And Its Absence In Islamic Economics And Finance, Omar Javaid

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics

The paper attempts to build a case for the moral agency of individuals operating within organic social networks – in contrast to the impersonal nature of financial institutions – as a necessary medium for practicing Islamic economic principles, for the goal of achieving socioeconomic justice in society. Through comparative analysis, the paper argues that the modern institutional framework due to its impersonal nature, capitalist orientation, agency cost, and socially disintegrative nature is not a suitable medium for advancing the agenda of Islamic economics. A market environment where individuals exercise their moral agency to the fullest is perhaps necessary. To make …

A Book Review On “Economics And Economic Policy: Islamic Perspective”, Wan Omar Khairi

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics

Since its establishment as a formal discipline during the First Makkah Conference in 1976, Islamic Economics has garnered significant attention from scholars around the world. Over more than four past decades, dedicated Islamic economists have strived to produce a textbook of exceptional value, aiming to provide universities with a comprehensive resource that imparts profound insights into the Islamic perspective on economics. However, this undertaking has not been without its challenges, both internal and external. Amidst the pursuit of this noble goal, a growing sense of dissatisfaction has emerged among earlier generations of Islamic economists. They perceive a concerning trend within …

Psychological Distress And Behavioral Vigilance In Response To Minority Stress And Threat Among Members Of The Asian American And Pacific Islander Community During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Andrew S. Franks, Rin Nguyen, Y. Jenny Xiao, Dena Abbott

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Stigmatization, hostility, and violence towards the Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) community have increased sharply during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to conduct research to promote understanding of the effects of such stigmatization on the AAPI community. Accordingly, the present study used a combined minority stress and integrated threat framework to examine whether factors related to AAPI identity would moderate the relationship between stigmatization/threat associated with AAPI identity and increased psychological distress and behavioral vigilance. AAPI individuals were recruited online from both Turk Prime and Reddit and completed measures of perceived stigmatization; integrated threat; depression, anxiety, and stress; …

Vitamin E Biofortification: Enhancement Of Seed Tocopherol Concentrations By Altered Chlorophyll Metabolism, Ping Qin, Peng Chen, Yuanwei Zhou, Wei Zhang, Yunyun Zhang, Jingjing Xu, Lu Gan, Yingnan Liu, Jill Romer, Peter Dörmann, Edgar B. Cahoon, Chunyu Zhang

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Homogentisate Phytyltransferase (HPT) catalyzes condensation of homogentisate (HGA) and phytyl diphosphate (PDP) to produce tocopherols, but can also synthesize tocotrienols using geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) in plants engineered for deregulated HGA synthesis. In contrast to prior tocotrienol biofortification efforts, engineering enhanced tocopherol concentrations in green oilseeds has proven more challenging due to the integral role of chlorophyll metabolism in supplying the PDP substrate. This study show that RNAi suppression of CHLSYN coupled with HPT overexpression increases tocopherol concentrations by >two-fold in Arabidopsis seeds. We obtained additional increases in seed tocopherol concentrations by engineering increased HGA production via overexpression of …

The Spliceosome-Associated Protein Cwc15 Promotes Mirna Biogenesis In Arabidopsis, Bangjun Zhou, Huihui Yu, Yong Xue, Mu Li, Chi Zhang, Bin Yu

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in regulating gene expression and their biogenesis is precisely controlled through modulating the activity of microprocessor. Here, we report that CWC15, a spliceosome-associated protein, acts as a positive regulator of miRNA biogenesis. CWC15 binds the promoters of genes encoding miRNAs (MIRs), promotes their activity, and increases the occupancy ofDNA-dependent RNA polymerases atMIR promoters, suggesting that CWC15 positively regulates the transcription of primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs). In addition, CWC15 interacts with Serrate (SE) and HYL1, two key components of microprocessor, and is required for efficient primiRNA processing and the HYL1-pri-miRNA interaction. Moreover, CWC15 interacts with …