Digital Commons Network^™

Discovery Of Sqstm1/P62-Dependent P-Bodies That Regulate The Nlrp3 Inflammasome, Elizabeth R. Barrow, Evelina Valionyte, Chris R. Baxter, Yi Yang, Sharon Herath, William A. O'Connell, Justyna Lopatecka, Alexander Strachan, Waldemar Woznica, Holly N. Stephenson, Gyorgy Fejer, Vikram Sharma, Boxun Lu, Shouqing Luo

School of Biomedical Sciences

Autophagy and ribonucleoprotein granules, such as P-bodies (PBs) and stress granules, represent vital stress responses to maintain cellular homeostasis. SQSTM1/p62 phase-separated droplets are known to play critical roles in selective autophagy; however, it is unknown whether p62 can exist as another form in addition to its autophagic droplets. Here, we found that, under stress conditions, including proteotoxicity, endotoxicity, and oxidation, autophagic p62 droplets are transformed to a type of enlarged PBs, termed p62-dependent P-bodies (pd-PBs). p62 phase separation is essential for the nucleation of pd-PBs. Mechanistically, pd-PBs are triggered by enhanced p62 droplet formation upon stress stimulation through the interactions …

Identifying Potential Dietary Treatments For Inherited Metabolic Disorders Using Drosophila Nutrigenomics, Felipe Martelli, Jiayi Lin, Sarah Mele, Wendy Imlach, Oguz Kanca, Christopher K Barlow, Jefferson Paril, Ralf B Schittenhelm, John Christodoulou, Hugo J Bellen, Matthew D W Piper, Travis K Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Inherited metabolic disorders are a group of genetic conditions that can cause severe neurological impairment and child mortality. Uniquely, these disorders respond to dietary treatment; however, this option remains largely unexplored because of low disorder prevalence and the lack of a suitable paradigm for testing diets. Here, we screened 35 Drosophila amino acid disorder models for disease-diet interactions and found 26 with diet-altered development and/or survival. Using a targeted multi-nutrient array, we examine the interaction in a model of isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency, an infant-lethal disorder. We show that dietary cysteine depletion normalizes their metabolic profile and rescues development, neurophysiology, …

A Therapeutically Targetable Positive Feedback Loop Between Nc-Hlx-2-7, Hlx, And Myc That Promotes Group 3 Medulloblastoma, Keisuke Katsushima, Kandarp Joshi, Menglang Yuan, Brigette Romero, Mona Batish, Stacie Stapleton, George Jallo, Elayaraja Kolanthai, Sudipta Seal, Olivier Saulnier, Michael D Taylor, Robert J Wechsler-Reya, Charles G Eberhart, Ranjan J Perera

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Recent studies suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to medulloblastoma (MB) formation and progression. We have identified an lncRNA, lnc-HLX-2-7, as a potential therapeutic target in group 3 (G3) MBs. lnc-HLX-2-7 RNA specifically accumulates in the promoter region of HLX, a sense-overlapping gene of lnc-HLX-2-7, which activates HLX expression by recruiting multiple factors, including enhancer elements. RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation reveal that HLX binds to and activates the promoters of several oncogenes, including TBX2, LIN9, HOXM1, and MYC. Intravenous treatment with cerium-oxide-nanoparticle-coated antisense oligonucleotides targeting lnc-HLX-2-7 (CNP-lnc-HLX-2-7) inhibits tumor growth by 40%-50% in an intracranial MB xenograft mouse …

A Novel Machine Learning Algorithm Selects Proteome Signature To Specifically Identify Cancer Exosomes, Bingrui Li, Fernanda G Kugeratski, Raghu Kalluri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Non-invasive early cancer diagnosis remains challenging due to the low sensitivity and specificity of current diagnostic approaches. Exosomes are membrane-bound nanovesicles secreted by all cells that contain DNA, RNA, and proteins that are representative of the parent cells. This property, along with the abundance of exosomes in biological fluids makes them compelling candidates as biomarkers. However, a rapid and flexible exosome-based diagnostic method to distinguish human cancers across cancer types in diverse biological fluids is yet to be defined. Here, we describe a novel machine learning-based computational method to distinguish cancers using a panel of proteins associated with exosomes. Employing …

Next Generation Microfluidics: Fulfilling The Promise Of Lab-On-A-Chip Technologies, Umut A Gurkan, Jorge Di Paola, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip technologies enable the analysis and manipulation of small fluid volumes and particles at small scales and the control of fluid flow and transport processes at the microscale, leading to the development of new methods to address a broad range of scientific and medical challenges. Microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip technologies have made a noteworthy impact in basic, preclinical, and clinical research, especially in hematology and vascular biology due to the inherent ability of microfluidics to mimic physiologic flow conditions in blood vessels and capillaries. With the potential to significantly impact translational research and clinical diagnostics, technical issues and incentive mismatches …

Intergenerational Protective Anti-Gut Commensal Immunoglobulin G Originates In Early Life, Brigida Rusconi, Adina K Bard, Ryan Mcdonough, Angel M Kindsvogel, Jacqueline D Wang, Sreeram Udayan, Keely G Mcdonald, Rodney D Newberry, Phillip I Tarr

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Maternal immunoglobulins of the class G (IgGs) protect offspring from enteric infection, but when, where, and how these antibodies are physiologically generated and confer protection remains enigmatic. We found that circulating IgGs in adult mice preferentially bind early-life gut commensal bacteria over their own adult gut commensal bacteria. IgG-secreting plasma cells specific for early-life gut bacteria appear in the intestine soon after weaning, where they remain into adulthood. Manipulating exposure to gut bacteria or plasma cell development before, but not after, weaning reduced IgG-secreting plasma cells targeting early-life gut bacteria throughout life. Further, the development of this anti-gut commensal IgG …

Biological Significances Of Environmental Pollution In The New Calabar River, Southern Nigeria: A Case Study In Zooplankton Composition, Ibienebo Davies Imachrist, Francis David Sikoki, Philomina Kika, Davies Ibienebo Chris

Journal of Bioresource Management

The study was conducted for three months (May to July 2020), focusing on the physicochemical parameters and zooplankton composition in the Ogbogoro region of the New Calabar River in Nigeria. This investigation was carried out at three distinct monitoring stations. The physicochemical parameters were determined using standard ecological analytic procedures. PAST and SPSS were used for the statistical analysis. The temperature ranged between 26.5 to 33 ºC, salinity (1.23 to 1.86 %), pH (7.4 to 9.62), Total Dissolved Solids (2419 to 5,817 mg/L), conductivity (223.83 to 7,328 μS/cm), turbidity (3.415 to 15.05 NTU) and Dissolved Oxygen (3.8 to 6.8 mg/L). …

Novel Drug Approvals 2023, Emily Wagner, Christina Swiger, Mary Hoang, Maley Zents

Transformative Medicine

This article provides an overview of the novel drugs approved for 2023. The Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) provides standards to drug developers. The CDER sets standards for required data needed in the drug development and application process. Every year a variety of new drugs and biological products are approved. Some are new molecular compounds while others are structurally similar to those already on the market. Therefore, products may not have been used in medical practice previously while others have already been used in practice. This article highlights medications that are new in …

New Onset Dyspnea In A Patient With Pacemaker, What Does The Ecg Tracing Show?, Jakob Nypaver, Robert Libera Do, Arun Kundra, Ravi Choxi

Transformative Medicine

Dual chamber pacemakers are programmed to allow for AV synchrony. Whenever a patient with a dual chamber pacemaker with underlying sinus rhythm presents with AV dissociation, the lack of AV synchrony should be questioned. The authors present a case of new onset dyspnea diagnosed as pacemaker syndrome. The diagnosis was initially delayed due to underlying ventricular paced rhythm as misidentified as normal pacemaker behavior.

A 69-year-old female with a past medical history of 2:1 atrioventricular block status post dual-chamber pacemaker implant presented with complaints of new onset shortness of breath and dyspnea. The ECG showed a ventricular rate of 66 …

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Rare Presentation Of Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Ian Garrahy, Shoja Rahimian

Transformative Medicine

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a well-recognized phenomenon of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, albeit with only few cases described with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The characteristics of such cases can improve understanding and management of AIHA in this type of lymphoma. To that end, we describe herein two cases of patients with MCL who presented with AIHA, with comparison to nine previously described cases in literature.

Empathy, Education, & Empowerment: Reflections On The World Of Dementia, Samantha Heyer, Jordan Neely, Sarah Stegge, Elaine M. Eshbaugh

Research in the Capitol

At the Dementia Simulation House, we offer the opportunity for participants to experience what life may be like for someone living with dementia in a home setting. About 80% of individuals living with dementia live at home in the community, and we aim to show participants what it might be like for these individuals to complete chores and activities of daily living. During the simulation, we put gear on an individual to simulate dementia. Then participants go through a debriefing which involves writing a reaction word. We sorted the reaction words and calculated percentages on the popularity/common phrases or words …

Political Orientation And Moral Values: Examining Their Effects On Susceptibility To Misinformation, Makayla L. Hall, Jordan A. Neely, Helen C. Harton

Research in the Capitol

According to past research, political misinformation is prevalent within social media, where information often goes unchecked. Both liberals and conservatives tend to believe misinformation that supports their beliefs. Values emphasized also tend to differ by political orientation, with liberals being more concerned with issues of harm, fairness, and universalism, and conservatives, with loyalty, authority, purity, and self-reliance. This study examines whether misinformation susceptibility is influenced by which of these values the information appeals to. 136 participants read social media posts that either supported or did not support their party’s platforms and that appealed to one of the seven values. They …

Characterization Of Mtdna Minicircles In A Chewing Louse, Geomydoecus Centralis, John Lehmkuhl, Grace Mraz, James W. Demastes, Theresa A. Spradling

Research in the Capitol

The DNA of living organisms is packaged into chromosomes differently in different species, but typically following a standard set of "rules." Understanding how DNA can be packaged for different species provides a better understanding of life and the genetic rules that must be followed, and the "rules" that can be broken. Mitochondria are crucial subcomponents of cells, providing the energy for life. Mitochondria always have their own mtDNA. In our study, we have learned that chewing lice mtDNA differs from that of other animals by spreading the genes across 12 separate small, circular chromosomes instead of one large, circular chromosome. …

An Argument For Expanding Research On Quantitative Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Randall E. Groth

Numeracy

Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) traditionally has been used in research concerning prospective and practicing classroom teachers. This essay argues that PCK is also relevant to other professions including those advancing quantitative reasoning (QR). To illustrate, the case of PCK for teaching QR is considered. Those in fields such as public health, journalism, meteorology, and government increasingly find themselves responsible for helping the public understand an ever-growing amount of quantitative information that has a bearing on societal well-being. Several examples illustrate how such professionals’ responsibilities require knowing prevalent QR patterns in society, strategies for fostering sound reasoning, and the general nature …

Genomes Of Multicellular Algal Sisters To Land Plants Illuminate Signaling Network Evolution, Xuehuan Feng, Jinfang Zheng, Iker Irisarri, Huihui Yu, Bo Zheng, Zahin Ali, Sophie De Vries, Jean Keller, Janine M. R. Fürst-Jansen, Armin Dadras, Jaccoline M. S. Zegers, Tim P. Rieseberg, Amra Dhabalia Ashok, Tatyana Darienko, Maaike J. Bierenbroodspot, Lydia Gramzow, Romy Petroll, Fabian B. Haas, Noe Fernandez-Pozo, Orestis Nousias, Tang Li, Elisabeth Fitzek, W. Scott Grayburn, Nina Rittmeier, Charlotte Permann, Florian Rümpler, John M. Archibald, Günter Theißen, Jeffrey P. Mower, Maike Lorenz16, Henrik Buschmann, Klaus Von Schwartzenberg, Lori Boston, Richard D. Hayes, Chris Daum, Kerrie Barry, Igor V. Grigoriev, Xiyin Wang, Fay-Wei Li, Stefan A. Rensing, Julius Ben Ari, Noa Keren, Assaf Mosquna, Andreas Holzinger, Pierre-Marc Delaux, Chi Zhang, Jinling Huang, Marek Mutwil6,, Jan De Vries, Yanbin Yin

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Zygnematophyceae are the algal sisters of land plants. Here we sequenced four genomes of filamentous Zygnematophyceae, including chromosome-scale assemblies for three strains of Zygnema circumcarinatum. We inferred traits in the ancestor of Zygnematophyceae and land plants that might have ushered in the conquest of land by plants: expanded genes for signaling cascades, environmental response, and multicellular growth. Zygnematophyceae and land plants share all the major enzymes for cell wall synthesis and remodifications, and gene gains shaped this toolkit. Co-expression network analyses uncover gene cohorts that unite environmental signaling with multicellular developmental programs. Our data shed light on a molecular …

Underwater Double Vortex Generation Using 3d Printed Acoustic Lens And Field Multiplexing, Chadi Ellouzi, Ali Zabihi, Farhood Aghdasi, Aidan Kayes, Milton Rivera, Jiaxin Zhong, Amir Miri, Chen Shen

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

The generation of acoustic vortex beams has attracted an increasing amount of research attention in recent years, offering a range of functions, including acoustic communication, particle manipulation, and biomedical ultrasound. However, incorporating more vortices and broadening the capacity of these beams and associated devices in three dimensions pose challenges. Traditional methods often necessitate complex transducer arrays and are constrained by conditions such as system complexity and the medium in which they operate. In this paper, a 3D printed acoustic lens capable of generating a double vortex pattern with an optional focusing profile in water was demonstrated. The performance of the …

Synergistic Effect Of Acylpyrazolone Integrated With Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes On The Electrochemical Analysis Of Ascorbic Acid, Emi Norzehan Mohamad Mahbob, Mohamad Syahrizal Ahmad, Illyas Md Isa, Norhayati Hashim, Anwar Ul-Hamid, Mohamad Idris Saidin, Suyanta Suyanta, Sofian Ibrahim

Makara Journal of Science

Square wave voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, chronocoulometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were employed to assess ascorbic acid’s electrochemical behavior in multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified by 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-metafluorobenzoyl-5-pyrazolone (HPMmFBP). The ascorbic acid’s irreversible oxidation peak appeared at approximately 0.5 V. The shifting of the peak potential at the pH range of 6.0–8.4 showed the involvement of protons in the ascorbic acid oxidation. Moreover, the shifting of the peak potential with scan rate in the range of 0.07–0.4 V/s confirmed that the oxidation reaction was irreversible. Under optimized conditions, the oxidative peak current showed linear dependence on the ascorbic acid’s …

In Silico Analysis Of C-Type Lectins As Co-Infection Receptors Of Dengue And Chikungunya Viruses In Aedes Aegypti, Munawir Sazali, R. C. Hidayat Soesilohadi, Nastiti Wijayanti, Tri Wibawa, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori

Makara Journal of Science

Aedes aegypti is a primer vector of dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The susceptibility of mosquitoes to DENV and CHIKV depends on their recognition receptor of pathogens. C-type lectins (CTLs) are an important mediator of virus infection in A. aegypti. This study aims to identify potential receptors and determine the binding affinity between ligand–receptor interaction, CTLs and virus envelopes (DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4 and CHIKV) interaction based on in silico analysis. Sample sequences were obtained from GenBank (NCBI), and 10 CTLs were acquired from VectorBase. Homology modeling based on a minimum standard of 20% was processed …

Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction Using Methylene Blue Or Mitoquinone To Improve Skeletal Aging., Sher Bahadur Poudel, Dorra Frikha-Benayed, Ryan R Ruff, Gozde Yildirim, Manisha Dixit, Ron Korstanje, Laura Robinson, Richard A Miller, David E Harrison, John R Strong, Mitchell B Schaffler, Shoshana Yakar

Faculty Research 2024

Methylene blue (MB) is a well-established antioxidant that has been shown to improve mitochondrial function in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Mitoquinone (MitoQ) is a selective antioxidant that specifically targets mitochondria and effectively reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. To investigate the effect of long-term administration of MB on skeletal morphology, we administered MB to aged (18 months old) female C57BL/J6 mice, as well as to adult male and female mice with a genetically diverse background (UM-HET3). Additionally, we used MitoQ as an alternative approach to target mitochondrial oxidative stress during aging in adult female and male …

Dissociating Reading And Auditory Comprehension In Persons With Aphasia, Rachel M. Harrington, Sigfus Kristinsson, Janina Wilmskoetter, Natalie Busby, Dirk Den Ouden, Chris Rorden, Julius Fridriksson Ph.D., Leonardo Bonilha

Faculty Publications

Language comprehension is often affected in individuals with post-stroke aphasia. However, deficits in auditory comprehension are not fully correlated with deficits in reading comprehension and the mechanisms underlying this dissociation remain unclear. This distinction is important for understanding language mechanisms, predicting long-term impairments and future development of treatment interventions. Using comprehensive auditory and reading measures from a large cohort of individuals with aphasia, we evaluated the relationship between aphasia type and reading comprehension impairments, the relationship between auditory versus reading comprehension deficits and the crucial neuroanatomy supporting the dissociation between post-stroke reading and auditory deficits. Scores from the Western Aphasia …

18th Annual Research In The Capitol [Program], March 25, 2024, University Of Northern Iowa. University Honors Program. Iowa State University. Honors Program. University Of Iowa. Honors Program.

Research in the Capitol Programs

Program of research presentations given at the Capitol by students from the University of Northern Iowa, Iowa State University, and the University of Iowa.

Mitigation Of Potential Risks In Chemical Laboratories: A Focused Review, Hossein Abedsoltan, Mark B. Shiflett

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This review paper presents an analysis of safety practices in chemical laboratories. It encompasses a systematic exploration of various facets including risk assessment, hazard mitigation, and the implementation of safety protocols. Emphasis is placed on the critical role of continuous education and training, advocating a proactive safety culture, and adapting to technological advancements. Additionally, the paper underscores the importance of adhering to regulatory standards, promoting exceeding baseline compliance toward establishing best practices in laboratory safety. This comprehensive approach highlights the dynamic, multifaceted nature of laboratory safety, positioning it as a fundamental aspect of scientific research.

Preserving Linguistic Diversity In The Digital Age: A Scalable Model For Cultural Heritage Continuity, James Hutson, Pace Ellsworth, Matt Ellsworth

Faculty Scholarship

In the face of the rapid erosion of both tangible and intangible cultural heritage globally, the urgency for effective, wide-ranging preservation methods has never been greater. Traditional approaches in cultural preservation often focus narrowly on specific niches, overlooking the broader cultural tapestry, particularly the preservation of everyday cultural elements. This article addresses this critical gap by advocating for a comprehensive, scalable model for cultural preservation that leverages machine learning and big data analytics. This model aims to document and archive a diverse range of cultural artifacts, encompassing both extraordinary and mundane aspects of heritage. A central issue highlighted in the …

Influence Of Climate Zone Shifts On Forest Ecosystems In Northeastern United States And Maritime Canada, Samuel Roy, Xinyuan Wei, Aaron Weiskittel, Daniel J. Hayes, Peter Nelson, Alexandra R. Contosta

Faculty Publications

Climate zones play a significant role in shaping the forest ecosystems located within them by influencing multiple ecological processes, including growth, disturbances, and species interactions. Therefore, delineation of current and future climate zones is essential to establish a framework for understanding and predicting shifts in forest ecosystems. In this study, we developed and applied an efficient approach to delineate regional climate zones in the northeastern United States and maritime Canada, aiming to characterize potential shifts in climate zones and discuss associated changes in forest ecosystems. The approach comprised five steps: climate data dimensionality reduction, sampling scenario design, cluster generation, climate …

Understanding Masculinity: Exploring The Personal And Professional Lives Of Male Middle School Directors Of Private, All-Boys’ Middle Schools, Jason Larocque

Educational Studies Dissertations

There is a gap in research about the gender identity and gender experience of men leading all boys' middle-schools. In addition, there has been little work done exploring the link between the inner lives of male school leaders, their level of burnout or satisfaction, and the impacts on their school leadership. The purpose of this study was to explore how male middle school directors of all-boys’ middle schools make sense of, engage with, and are impacted by their masculinity. The study employed narrative research with a social constructivist and post structural feminist lens. Four participants completed digital participatory journals, written …

Nitrene-Transfer Chemistry To C-H And C═C Bonds Mediated By Triangular Coinage Metal Platforms Supported By Triply Bridging Pnictogen Elements Sb(Iii) And Bi(Iii), Meenakshi Sharma, Reece M. Fritz, Joseph O. Adebanjo, Zhou Lu, Thomas R. Cundari, Mohammad A. Omary, Amitava Choudhury, Pericles Stavropoulos

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Tripodal Ligands (TMG3trphen-E) That Feature Heavy Pnictogen Elements (E = Sb(III), Bi(III)) And Tetramethylguanidinyl (TMG) Arms Have Been Explored In Stabilizing Cu(I) And Ag(I) Sites And Facilitating Nitrene-Transfer Chemistry. Compounds [(TMG3trphen-E)M3(Μ-X)3] (M = Cu(I), Ag(I); X = Cl, Br, I) Have Been Generated Upon Extraction Of M3(Μ-X)3 Units From MX Sources, Exhibiting Support Of The Crown-Shaped M3(Μ-X)3 Fragment By M-NTMG Bonds And Triply Bridging E → M3 Interactions. Orbital Interactions Between Cu(I) Sites And NTMG Residues Are More Dominant Than Sb/Bi → Cu3 Donor Interactions Between The Sb 5s Or Bi 6s Orbitals And Admixed Cu 4s/3d Orbitals, With Larger …

Improving Medical Image Classification Accuracy Through Unsupervised Segmentation And Confounder Mitigation With Limited Data, Nikolai Fetisov

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Medical images are indispensable for assisting health care professionals to make more accurate cancer diagnosis and prognosis decisions. Several image modalities exist including, but not limited to, histopathology or whole slide images (WSI), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET) and radiography (i.e., X-Ray), each having their own application in clinical practice.

Today, machine learning and deep learning methods have evolved to the point of being practically usable. These approaches learn and extract knowledge from data to make possible automating certain tasks. At the point of writing this dissertation, they have reached human-level performance in general image recognition tasks, became …

36th Annual Student Research Forum Abstract Booklet, University Of Memphis Graduate School, Helen Hardin Honors College, University Of Memphis Graduate Student Association

Annual Student Research Forums

No abstract provided.

Mothers With Disabilities As Health Navigators: Narratives Of Pregnancy, Postpartum Depression, And Parenting, Agnes Amoakwa

Theses and Dissertations

Scholars have focused on factors that affect pregnancy decisions, linking it to internal factors such as physical attachment and love towards children and feasibility of external factors, among others, while others have focused on experience with health professionals and accessibility of healthcare facilities and equipment during access to maternal care. While these studies are important, fewer focus has been placed on how women with disabilities navigate the postpartum phase of motherhood and the support needed to navigate through this experience. I employed the communicated narrative sense-making theory to explore the meanings of stories shared by mothers with disabilities about their …

Selective Vapor Condensation For The Synthesis And Assembly Of Spherical Colloids With A Precise Rough Patch, Kennedy A. Guillot, Philip J. Brahana, Ahmed Al Harraq, Nduka D. Ogbonna, Nicholas S. Lombardo, Jimmy Lawrence, Yaxin An, Michael G. Benton, Bhuvnesh Bharti

Faculty Publications

Patchy particles occupy an increasingly important space in soft matter research due to their ability to assemble into intricate phases and states. Being able to fine-tune the interactions among these particles is essential to understanding the principles governing the self-assembly processes. However, current fabrication techniques often yield patches that deviate chemically and physically from the native particles, impeding the identification of the driving forces behind self-assembly. To overcome this challenge, we propose a new approach to synthesizing spherical colloids with a well-defined rough patch on their surface. By treating polystyrene microspheres with vapors of a good solvent, here an acetone-water …