Digital Commons Network^™

Management Of Tall Wheatgrass Based On The Leaf Appearance During Spring, S Laplace, M A. Brizuela, M S. Cid

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objectives of this study were to determine the date of transition from vegetative to reproductive stage at different defoliation frequencies in tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum). In addition, we assessed the relationship between the spring temperatures and the rate of leaf appearance. To meet both objectives we had defoliated and undefoliated plant plots at Balcarce Experiment Station, Argentina. The different defoliation treatments (every 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) delayed or avoided the manifestation of the reproductive stage. The apexes of undefoliated plants began to rise on October 12, while defoliated ones slowed that elevation or the same …

Movement Of Allelopathic Compound Coumarin From Plant Residue Of Sweet Vernalgrass (Anthoxanthum Odoratum L.) To Soil, Yoshito Yamamoto

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This study investigated the movement of coumarin, an allelopathic compound, from the plant residue of sweet vernalgrass (Anthoxanthum odoratum L.) to soil, as well as the dynamics of coumarin in soil. The level of coumarin dissolved from sweet vernalgrass plant residue in both Andosols and Cambisols, which were watered every day, peaked on the 5th day after the beginning of watering, and fell gradually with each additional of day. Specifically, the coumarin content in Cambisols on the 5th day was 14.2 ppm, which is 4 times the coumarin level found in Andosols. The recovery percentage of coumarin extracted with …

Partitioning Of Phosphorus In White Clover Populations With Different Nodulation Patterns, J R. Crush

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to see if a white clover (Trifolium repens L.) population selected for development of relatively few, but large nodules, differed in the way it used absorbed phosphorus, compared to a white clover population selected for many small nodules. Plants of both populations were grown in minus-nitrogen sand culture and the dry weights and phosphorus contents of shoots, roots and nodules were measured. There were no differences in growth or partitioning of dry matter or phosphorus between the clover lines.

Winter Survival And Physiology Of Contrasting Fall Dormancy Selections Of Alfalfa, J J. Volenec, S M. Cunningham, L R. Teuber

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Our objective was to determine the physiological changes that accompany selection from within a germplasm for contrasting fall dormancy reaction. Selection for greater fall dormancy improved winter survival of CUF 101 from 1 to 93%. The more fall dormant CUF 101 had higher sugar concentrations in buds and roots. Roots of the more fall dormant CUF 101 also contained higher soluble protein concentrations when compared to the other CUF 101 germplasms. Root protein extracts obtained in Dec. from the more fall dormant CUF 101 contained at least one polypeptide not found in protein extracts of the other CUF 101 germplasms. …

Root Nitrogen Cycling And Alfalfa Stress Tolerance, J J. Volenec, B C. Joern, L D. Barber, S M. Cunningham, A Ourry

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Our hypothesis is that certain root N pools are utilized preferentially during the early shoot regrowth. Our objective was to determine the relative contribution of crown N, root N, and specific root N pools to shoot regrowth after defoliation. We used 15N to follow N into and out of crowns, roots, and specific root N pools, to regrowing shoots after defoliation. The low molecular weight N pool (amino acids, inorganic N,...) acquired 15N rapidly within 2 d of N application. Movement of 15N into the protein-N and insoluble-N pools was delayed initially, but continued until 8 d after N application. …

Phyllochron Development In Cool-Season Forage Grasses, A B. Frank, J D. Berdahl, J F. Karn

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between grass leaf insertion rate and accumulated growing degree-days, and determine the phyllochron for five perennial forage grass species and two cultivars of each species. Species field seeded in solid stands were crested wheatgrass [Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex. Link) Schult.], intermediate wheatgrass, [Thinopyrum intermedium Barkw. & Dewey:Syn:A. intermedium (Host) Brauv], western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rybd) L ve], green needlegrass (Stipa viridula Trin.), and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss). Species phyllochron differences ranged from 77 GDD for Mandan 404 smooth bromegrass to 114 GDD for Lodorm …

Response To Drought Of White Clover Lines Selected For Different Stolon Morphologies, H D. Karsten, J R. Caradus, D R. Woodfield

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) lines were selected from within large and small-leaved cultivars of Grasslands Kopu and Grasslands Tahora, respectively, for long or short internodes, and for high or low branching frequency from plants grown in sun and shade (50% full sunlight). Lines were compared for drought tolerance in a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) sward in boxes. Prior to imposing drought branching frequency selections did not differ in branching frequency, although the low branching frequency selection had a higher percentage of rooted nodes. After an imposed drought treatment sun-selected lines grew better than shade-selected lines relative …

Kentucky Bluegrass Floral Induction And Cultivar Response To Mechanical Removal Of Harvest Residue, G A. Murray, J B. Swensen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Open-field burning of post-harvest residue from Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) seed fields is being phased out in Washington, USA and may be banned in Idaho. Burning encourages early fall regrowth and timely completion of fall floral induction. Cultivars have different floral induction requirements and respond differently to mechanical residue removal. Our objective was to determine if length of fall floral induction requirement was related to seed yield when post-harvest residue was removed by crewcut vacuum sweeping. Floral induction requirements were not related to first-or second-year seed yields. Third-year seed yield of cultivars with long floral induction requirements declined …

The Influence Of Intensity Of Tree Thinning On The Redistribution Of Soil Water In Southern African Mopani Veld, G N. Smit, N F.G. Rethman, A Moore, A Le Roux, J S. Swart

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The investigation was conducted on a densely wooded area in the Mopani veld of South Africa. Six plots were subjected to different intensities of tree thinning, ranging from a totally cleared plot (0 %) to plots thinned to the equivalent of 10%, 20%, 35%, 50% and 75% of the leaf biomass of a control plot (100%). Soil water measurements were taken at six different depths to a depth of 825 mm. The infiltration of rain water and redistribution within the soil profile exhibited marked differences between experimental plots. The soil water was predominantly held at a very shallow depth ( …

Relationship Of Visual And Quantitative Methods Of Grass Sward Development, R B. Mitchell, L E. Moser, K J. Moore

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between visual and quantitative estimates of the morphological development of perennial grass swards. Pure stands of intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & D.R. Dewey] and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) were hand-clipped to ground level at 2-wk intervals in 1991 at Mead, NE, morphologically classified as mean stage count (MSC), and visually estimated for sward development. Visual estimations of sward development for both species were representative of quantitative measurements during vegetative growth. However, as sward development advanced to the elongation and heading stages, visual methods over-estimated the population …

Morphological Development Rates Of Perennial Forage Grasses, R B. Mitchell, L E. Moser, K J. Moore, D D. Redfearn

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to determine the rate of change in the morphological development of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman). Pure stands of each species were sampled at weekly intervals in 1990 and 1991 at Mead, NE, and morphologically classified as mean stage count (MSC) and mean stage weight (MSW). Linear day of the year equations accounted for 94% of the variation in switchgrass MSC and MSW. Switchgrass MSC and MSW increased at an average rate of 0.0204 and 0.0234 units per day, respectively. Linear day of the year equations accounted …

Fertilizer Nitrogen And Morphogenetic Response In Avena Sativa And Lolium Multiflorum, F Lattanzi, M A. Marino, A Mazzanti

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A field experiment was carried out at the EEA Balcarce, INTA, Argentina (37° 45’LS, 58° 18’LW) to determine whether Leaf Appearance Rate (LAR) was affected by N fertilization in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and forage oats (Avena sativa). N treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha-1) were applied in winter 1995, after a defoliation. Subsequently, number of leaves per tiller was determined on 45 labelled tillers in each treatment twice a week. LAR was calculated as the slope of the linear regression of number of leaves on thermal time (air temperature, base …

Allocation Of Carbon-14 To Roots Of Different Ages In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), C Matthew, W D. Kemball

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to provide information on how current photosynthate allocated to the root system in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is distributed among individual roots at differing nodal positions. Mature single ryegrass tillers were transplanted in September 1993 to glass house pots and three months later four of the plants were supplied with 14CO2. Individual roots from these radioactively-labeled plants were identified according to their nodal position on the tiller axis and amount of radiocarbon in each root quantified for root tip segments and for the remainder of the root axis. Similar plants were destructively …

The Analysis Of Dynamic Interaction In Legume Binary Mixture Under Controlled Conditions Of Irrigation And Clipping, M S. Vrahnakis, B Noitsakis, Z Koukoura

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to analyse the type of interference that occurred between the annual legume species, purple clover (Trifolium purpureum L.) and narrow leaved crimson clover (Trifolium angustifolium Loisel. ), growing in mixed conditions under two different watering regimes and two different clipping treatments. A replacement series experiment was conducted in pots placed in the field. The above ground biomass (gr/plant) were measured. The recently proposed Inverse Linear Model was implied in order to analyse the competitive interaction between the above species. The results suggest that Tr. purpureum was the superior competitor to Tr. angustifolium …

Pavement To Pond: A Review Of Management Strategies For Amphibians In Urban Environments, Jillian Murphy, Andrew Brown

Scholars Week

Wildlife management is essential for mitigating the loss of diversity due to anthropogenic effects. However, wildlife management often focuses on game species, neglecting vulnerable non-game species. Non-game species, such as amphibians, face significant challenges due to urbanization and human encroachment. The alteration of natural areas via urbanization often results in habitat fragmentation, isolated populations, exposure-related mortality from runoff pollutants and toxins, and high mortality rates from vehicular collisions during critical migration periods. These combined pressures contribute to population declines and the loss of biodiversity among amphibians in urban environments. Therefore, it is crucial to incorporate the management of non-game species …

Scorpions Of The Horn Of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part Xxx. Parabuthus (Buthidae) (Part Iii), With Description Of Three New Species From Somaliland And Occurrence Of Parabuthus Eritreaensis Kovařík, 2003, František Kovařík, Graeme Lowe, Hassan Sh A. Elmi, František Šťáhlavský

Euscorpius

A new record of an adult female of Parabuthus eritreaensis Kovařík, 2003 in Somaliland confirms true distribution of this species, already discussed in Kovařík et al. (2016: 19–21). Three new species are described from Somaliland, P. dorisae sp. n., P. evae sp. n., and P. quincyae sp. n.. The hemispermatophore of P. dorisae sp. n. is illustrated and described. In addition to the analyses of external morphology and hemispermatophore, we have provided descriptions of the karyotypes of P. dorisae sp. n. and P. quincyae sp. n. Despite the presence of multivalents (CVIII and CXIV), both species exhibit karyotypes with 2n=16 …

Exploring Emotion Regulation As A Predictor Of Perceived Social Support Among Caregivers Of Children, Emily Hatcher, Jessica M. Templeton, Tess A. Simpson, Wallace Dixon, Diana Morelen, Chelsea Robertson

Appalachian Student Research Forum

Emotion regulation is defined as adjusting emotional responses to emotion-related stimuli in socially appropriate ways. Effective emotion regulation decreases the potential for social conflict and encourages helping behaviors that promote high-quality, supportive dyadic communications. Emotion regulation may impact the perception of available social support. Social support, or feeling cared by loved ones, also promotes mental health and an increased quality of life. Less clear is the extent to which skills in emotion regulation may contribute to perceptions of emotional support. Therefore, the primary goal of the present study was to explore whether emotion regulatory skills would be correlated with perceptions …

Arabidopsis Ltp12 Protein Has A Role In Environmental Stress Response, Bikram Giri, Dhirendra Kumar

Appalachian Student Research Forum

In the face of escalating global food security challenges, understanding how plants cope with various environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, and temperature is crucial. In this study, we explored the role of Arabidopsis LTP12 protein in mitigating environmental stresses. To address this, we analyzed the T-DNA knockout mutant ltp12, focusing on its responses to salinity and osmotic stress. Our approach included antioxidant enzyme assays to measure catalase and peroxidase activities, phenotypic analyses assessing water loss, chlorophyll content, seed germination rates, root length, and relative water content, and lipid profile analysis through Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Our findings revealed that …

Transgenic Overexpression Of Ctrp3: Possible Protection Against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Noah Wren, Allan Forsman

Appalachian Student Research Forum

All tissues used in this study were generated in a study in the laboratory of Dr. Johnathan Peterson. The study was designed to determine the relationship between C1q TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It is estimated that over 3 million Americans suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This disease also has a higher prevalence in persons with Type II diabetes and various cardiac pathologies. Transgenic mice bred to over express CTRP3, were generated by mating female C57 mice with male, 4513+ mice. Littermates without the CTRP3 transgene were used as wild-type (WT) controls. All mice used in …

Fgf21 Receptor Knock Out; Its Role In Lipid Metabolism In The Liver, Tiffany Morris, Ummah S. Nisar, George Youngberg, Allan D. Forsman

Appalachian Student Research Forum

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) has been shown to be a key player in the intricate pathway regulating lipid metabolism and lipid reduction in the liver. It is also known to regulate metabolic expenditure and insulin sensitivity. Transgenic fibroblast growth factor receptor knock out (Fgfr1 KO) mice are genetically altered to lack the receptor for FGF21. There have been no studies that have investigated the ramifications of interrupting the FGF21 pathway in the liver. This study analyzed liver tissues from 4 different treatment groups of mice: 1 - transgenic Fgfr1 KO mice fed a very high fat diet (VHFD), 2 …

Dried Saliva Spot As An Effective Tool In The Diagnosis And Management Of Chronic Disease., Naveen Chaurasia, Ankit Jain, Nitin Dubey

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

In recent decades, there has been significant progress in non-invasive sampling techniques, which serve as effective tools in treating and managing various chronic diseases. Among these techniques, dried saliva spot (DSS) sampling of human saliva has emerged as a prominent alternative to serum for detecting targeted molecules. The diagnostic potential of saliva has been extensively studied, highlighting its applicability across a spectrum of diseases. In addition to DSS, other sampling methods, such as dried plasma spots, dried blood spots, and dried matrix spots, have been explored. Various types of filter papers have been employed in DSS sampling procedures, with notable …

Assessment Of Contamination In Ophthalmic Drops And The Development Of Preventive Measures And Detection Methods For Nosocomial Infections Arising From The Use Of Ophthalmic Drops In Hospital Settings., Prayuth Poowaruttanawiwit, Nattarikar Tilanuttanun, Thawanporn Chimsud, Jeerawat Sawatdiwithayayong, Kitti Panmanee, Niratcha Chaisomboon, Janyut Srihirun

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: This research aims to assess the prevalence of microbial contamination related to the usage of eye drops in hospital settings and identify strategies to manage such undesirable incidents. Research Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted, followed by a planned analysis to see if sufficient data were available. Subsequently, research and development were undertaken to innovate a solution for detecting or preventing microbial contamination of eye drops before usage. Research Findings: Six selected studies met the inclusion criteria, displaying internal validity and practical applicability. However, there is a moderate to low level of bias present. The studies collectively suggest …

Changes In Reef Tourism’S Adaptive Capacity After Severe Climate Disturbances, Henry Bartelet, Michele Barnes, Lalu Bakti, Graeme S. Cumming

Quantitative Methods and Information Technology Faculty Publications

Knowledge about adaptive capacity and its determinants has increased significantly over the last decade. However, most research on adaptive capacity has been static, not considering how adaptive capacity might change over time, particularly after severe disturbances. We studied the adaptive capacity dynamics of Asian-Pacific reef tourism operators affected by coral bleaching and tropical cyclones compared with a control group with non-affected operators. We found that impacts from tropical cyclones were associated with frequent changes in adaptive capacity. Notably, we found a reduction in tangible attributes (assets and flexibility) of adaptive capacity, whereas intangible attributes (agency and social organization) increased. Our …

Argumentation And Debate In The High School Chemistry Classroom, Rachel Blais

Honors Projects

The primary focus of this study was to determine the implications of argumentation and debate in a high school chemistry classroom through the process of argument driven inquiry. Findings from a pre and post questionnaire and student reflections suggested that argument driven inquiry helped students with their critical thinking, interpersonal, and argumentative skills.

An In Vitro Neurogenetics Platform For Precision Disease Modeling In The Mouse., Daniel Cortes, Mélanie Escudero, Austin C Korgan, Arojit Mitra, Alyssa Edwards, Selcan Aydin, Steven C. Munger, Kevin Charland, Zhong-Wei Zhang, Kristen M S O'Connell, Laura G Reinholdt, Martin Pera

Faculty Research 2024

The power and scope of disease modeling can be markedly enhanced through the incorporation of broad genetic diversity. The introduction of pathogenic mutations into a single inbred mouse strain sometimes fails to mimic human disease. We describe a cross-species precision disease modeling platform that exploits mouse genetic diversity to bridge cell-based modeling with whole organism analysis. We developed a universal protocol that permitted robust and reproducible neural differentiation of genetically diverse human and mouse pluripotent stem cell lines and then carried out a proof-of-concept study of the neurodevelopmental gene DYRK1A. Results in vitro reliably predicted the effects of genetic background …

The Identification Of The Flower Thrips, Frankliniella Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Intercepted At U. S. Ports Of Entry, Thomas L. Skarlinsky Ii

Insecta Mundi

United States port of entry interception data revealed that Frankliniella Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) was the most frequently intercepted genus of Thripidae. No published identification resource for intercepted Frankliniella is available to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) port of entry entomology identifiers. A morphological review of intercepted species was conducted. A dichotomous key for the identification of intercepted slide mounted adult females was created. Morphological diagnosis, description of each species with their geographic region(s) of origin and frequency of interception is provided.

ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:403B362E-9A7F-4385-A0F1-9DB87FE09AD2

Predicting The Potential Distribution Of Pseudococcus Longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) In South Korea Using A Climex Model, Su Bin Kim, Soo-Jung Suh

Insecta Mundi

Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a widely-distributed pest that feeds on many economically important hosts, particularly tropical fruits and ornamentals. The potential distribution of this mealybug pest in South Korea remains a primary concern because of its high incidence of interceptions screened during inspection. Hence, this species prompted a modelling effort to assess its potential risk of introduction. Potential risk maps were developed for this pest with a CLIMEX model based on occurrence records under environmental data. The potential distribution of these pests in South Korea in the 2020s, 2050s and 2090s was projected based on the RCP 8.5 …

A Taxonomic Review Of The Genus Psephenops Grouvelle Of The Lesser Antilles With Description Of New Species Psephenops Trini, And Reassignment Of Peruvian Species Psephenus Robacki Spangler (Coleoptera: Psephenidae: Psepheninae), Cheryl B. Barr, William D. Shepard

Insecta Mundi

An overview of the genus Psephenops Grouvelle (Coleoptera: Psephenidae: Psepheninae) is provided with geographic distributions of the species. The taxonomic history of Psephenops smithi Grouvelle, the type species from Grenada and St. Vincent, and junior synonym Xexanchorinus latus Grouvelle from Grenada, is discussed, and lectotypes and paralectotypes are designated for both. Photographs of the type series and a non-type specimen with illustrated male genitalia, along with new distributional information for the species, are provided. The male, female, and associated larva of Psephenops trini Barr and Shepard, new species, are described and illustrated, as is the habitat of this species …

The Genus Centris Fabricius In Cuba, With A New Record And The Description Of A New Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), Julio A. Genaro, Dayron Breto

Insecta Mundi

Members of the genus Centris Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) constitute a significant component of the Neotropical (including insular) bee fauna, exhibiting high species richness, a moderate to large body size, and extensive interactions with various important plant groups. Females of most species possess specialized morphology adapted for collecting oils from flowers. This study documents the presence of the genus in Cuba, recognizing six species: C. aethiops Cresson, C. cornuta Cresson, C. fulviventris Cresson, C. poecila Lepeletier, C. taina Genaro and Breto new species, and C. tarsata F. Smith. Detailed information is provided for …

Notes On The Tribe Chlorocorini With The Description Of A New Species Of Chlorocoris Spinola (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) From Panama, Donald B. Thomas

Insecta Mundi

A new species, Chlorocoris charluzae Thomas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), is described from Panama. Eludocoris grandis Thomas is reported from Panama for the first time. The distribution of Chlorocoris rufispinus Dallas to include Panama is confirmed. Arawacoris Thomas, described as a subgenus of Chlorocoris Spinola, is elevated to full genus.

ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F4E45B6C-5BD8-4B3E-B599-3BB61855B392