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Hiv-1 Capsid Stability And Reverse Transcription Are Finely Balanced To Minimize Sensing Of Reverse Transcription Products Via The Cgas-Sting Pathway, Jenna E Eschbach, Maritza Puray-Chavez, Shawn Mohammed, Qiankun Wang, Ming Xia, Lin-Chen Huang, Liang Shan, Sebla B Kutluay

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: A critical determinant for early post-entry events, the HIV-1 capsid (CA) protein forms the conical core when it rearranges around the dimeric RNA genome and associated viral proteins. Although mutations in CA have been reported to alter innate immune sensing of HIV-1, a direct link between core stability and sensing of HIV-1 nucleic acids has not been established. Herein, we assessed how manipulating the stability of the CA lattice through chemical and genetic approaches affects innate immune recognition of HIV-1. We found that destabilization of the CA lattice resulted in potent sensing of reverse transcription products when destabilization

IMPORTANCE: …

Visual Deprivation During Mouse Critical Period Reorganizes Network-Level Functional Connectivity, Siyu Chen, Rachel M Rahn, Annie R Bice, Seana H Gaines, Jonah A Padawer-Curry, Keith B Hengen, Joseph D Dougherty, Joseph P Culver

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A classic example of experience-dependent plasticity is ocular dominance (OD) shift, in which the responsiveness of neurons in the visual cortex is profoundly altered following monocular deprivation (MD). It has been postulated that OD shifts also modify global neural networks, but such effects have never been demonstrated. Here, we use wide-field fluorescence optical imaging (WFOI) to characterize calcium-based resting-state functional connectivity during acute (3 d) MD in female and male mice with genetically encoded calcium indicators (

Assessment Of The Characteristics Of Covid-19 Infection Among Healthcare Personnel Working In Long-Term Care Facilities, Armaghan-E-Rehman Mansoor, Caroline A O'Neil, David Mcdonald, Victoria J Fraser, Hilary M Babcock, Jennie H Kwon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Between May and June 2021, healthcare personnel at two long-term care facilities underwent SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin G testing and completed a survey on COVID-19 exposures and symptoms. Antibody positivity rate was 8.9%. Similar rates of COVID-19 exposure occurred in non-occupational and occupational settings, with high self-reported adherence to workplace infection prevention practices.

2024-05-08 Sgsu’S Newly Elected Positions, Abdullah El-Sherbeeny

The Spectator Online

No abstract provided.

The Daily Struggle: Philip Guston And American Art In The 1930s, Maxwell Dunbar

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

American art in the 1930s was shaped by questions of social relevance and utility. The crisis of the Great Depression left millions destitute, and the contradictions of capitalism were exposed for all to see. Many artists and intellectuals, despite their marginal and specialized status in American social life, recognized that there was a need to connect their work to the mass mobilization of the working class, who were organizing in the face of unprecedented poverty and misery. The culture of working-class radicalism in this period, now commonly referred to as the “Red Decade,” was the result of the rapid development …

Good Enough, Haley Levin

Bachelor of Fine Arts Senior Papers

The seven-foot-tall sculptural painting Good Enough explores the cultural significance of trophies in contemporary American society. As an ancient object representing achievement and reward, the irony of trophies’ current junk-status pokes at absurd contradictions embedded in American culture. I offer context on the evolution of “the readymade” from Dada to Pop Art to 90s assemblage, and position Good Enough’s handmade, tender approach as a celebratory twist to that lineage of cultural critique.

Role Of Integrase-Pp2a Interaction In Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 Replication And Pathogenesis, Shayna Turbin

Senior Honors Papers / Undergraduate Theses

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic retrovirus that causes multiple disorders, including adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. HTLV-1 retroviral integrase binds to the regulatory B’56γ subunit of the host cell Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Integrase contains a highly conserved LxxIxE motif that is essential for binding, which increases integration efficiency and facilitates HTLV-1 hijack of host cell machinery. We aim to understand how mutations introduced in the highly conserved binding site can affect viral particle production and infectivity. We transfected 729B human lymphoblastoid cells and 293T cells with mutant and wildtype virus. Mutations L213A, …

Antimicrobial Mechanisms Of Human Lipocalin-2, Lindsey Steinberg

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2, also known as siderocalin or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) is an innate immune protein released by neutrophils and epithelial cells at sites of infection. It is understood to limit bacterial growth by restricting access to iron, an essential nutrient, but it does not avidly bind iron in isolation. At least two iron restricting Lcn2 mechanisms are described in the literature. In the prototypical mechanism, Lcn2 binds and prevents uptake of enterobactin, a high affinity iron chelator secreted by E. coli and closely related Enterobacterales. Sequestration of this bacterial siderophore prevents nutritional iron delivery to these pathogens. However, the narrow …

Functions Of Cdc1 In Mediating Cd4+ Help For Cd8+ T Cells, Renee Wu

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) are specialized antigen presenting cells that comprise distinct subsets distinguished by transcriptional developmental differences and in the types of immune responses they initiate. Classical type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) are thought to perform antigen cross-presentation, which is required to prime CD8 T cells, whereas cDC2 have been suggested to be specialized for priming CD4 T cells. CD4 T cell help for CD8 T cell responses has been proposed to be mediated by CD40-dependent licensing of antigen-presenting cells. cDC1 have been suggested as the target of CD4 T cell help on the basis of in vitro analysis …

A Case Of Incidental Left Ventricular Aneurysm, Sacide S. Ozgur, Yezin Shamoon, Rachel Abboud, Atul Prakash, Fayez Shamoon

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Post MI left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) may be incidental, yet it presents potential risks such as heart failure, arrhythmias, thromboembolism. Monitoring and vigilant follow-up are essential to promptly identify LVA in patients with risk factors.

Dry Crusty Nose: Not Just Rhinosinusitis! Hidden Igg4- Related Disease Without Igg4 Level Rise, Indira Acharya, Amanda Auerbach, Marc C. Hochberg, William S. Twaddell, Bernadette C. Siaton, Christopher J. Haas

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibro-inflammatory condition that can affect various organs. Localized sinonasal IgG4-RD is a rare condition characterized by bone and soft-tissue invasion. In this report, we present a case of a patient initially diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis, who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and was later found to have biopsy proven IgG4-related sinonasal disease despite having normal serum levels of IgG4, resulting in erosion of the right lamina papyracea.

A Rare Case Of Toxic Myositis Associated With Influenza Vaccination, Sadia Aslam, Omair Khan, Joseph Mehrabi, Fatemeh Mohammadrezaei, Rita Dennise Moncayo Wilches, Sehajpreet Singh, Muhammad Hashim Khan, Sarita Konka

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

The influenza vaccine is one of the most commonly administered vaccines worldwide, with a high safety profile. However, rare cases of serious adverse events have been reported in the literature. We report a 77-year-old male who presented with progressive weakness in the lower extremities shortly after receiving the Influenza vaccine. He was diagnosed with myositis involving the paraspinal and bilateral lower extremity muscles. He received treatment with high-dose steroids and taper with full recovery of his muscle weakness. Although the exact causal mechanism between the vaccine and the patient's myositis could not be established, surveillance for such rare adverse events …

Endocrine Shades Of Silicone Fillers: A Case Of Calcitriol-Mediated Hypercalcemia, Maria Martinez-Cruz, Thayse Lozovoy Madsen-Barbosa, Fidini Antoni, Christopher Haas

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Background: The inflammatory reaction of foreign body granulomas (FBG) may be so vast that it leads to severe systemic effects. Case Report: A 42-year-old woman was referred to the ED with severe recurrent symptomatic hypercalcemia associated with worsening kidney function. She had presented multiple times with similar complaints. Severe hypercalcemia (13.8 mg/dL) was noted, with appropriately low PTH, elevated PTHrP, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and normal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels. She admitted having significant subcutaneous silicone filler injections in the hips six years prior. Admission workup revealed a normal 25-hydroxyvitamin D, but a marked elevation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (138 pg/mL). Whole-body PET-CT …

A Rare Case Report Of Hypoketotic Hypoglycemia Induced Seizures Due To Secondary Carnitine Deficiency In A 44-Year-Old Female, Ayrton Bangolo, Nicole Tesoro, Sonia Onyeka, Mary Bangura, Rekha Shrestha, Vignesh K. Nagesh, Roua Alrestom, Joshua Rathod, Eugenio L. Gomez, Youssef Laabidi, Imane Laabidi, Conrad Erikson, Aayat Sheikh, Sharon Maria, Mansi Naria, Erwin J. Tabucanon, Juilee V. Dongre, Auda Auda, Mohammed Jurri, Reshma Radhakrishnan, Hisham Alrefai, Simcha Weissman

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Carnitine deficiency is a rare metabolic condition that can result in fasting hypoglycemia. Carnitine deficiency could be primary or secondary to other conditions. Among secondary causes, antiepileptics such as valproic acid have been incriminated. Valproic acid is known to deplete carnitine stores and inhibit the process of β-oxidation. Herein we report the case of a 44-year-old female with epilepsy that presented with breakthrough seizures associated with hypoglycemia despite being on appropriate antiepileptic therapy. The patient was later found to have carnitine deficiency. Discontinuation of valproic acid and supplementation with L-carnitine resolved the patient’s hypoglycemia and breakthrough seizures. With this case …

Marijuana Induced Pericarditis: An Emerging Crisis, Abdullah Masood, Hamdallah Ashkar, Danna Reyes, Vaishnavi Gurumurthy, Darshita Chauhan, Walaa Hasan, Razan Shamoon, Fayez Shamoon

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Background The use of marijuana, derived from the Cannabis plant, has a lengthy history dating back thousands of years. With the recent legalization of marijuana in many US states, concerns about its health effects have grown. Despite traditional beliefs in its cardioprotective properties, there is a rising incidence of marijuana-induced pericarditis. This article presents a case that highlights the potential connection between marijuana use and cardiac complications. We herein present a case of a 30- year-old male with habitual marijuana use coming in with pericarditis.

Case: A 30-year-old male, a habitual marijuana user, presented to the emergency department with recurrent …

Turmeric-Induced Liver Injury, Fadi Alghzawi, Robert Jones, Christopher J. Haas

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

The use of herbal and dietary supplements has gained an increasing foothold in the United States. While often touted as safer alternatives to more traditional “western” therapeutics, the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of these substances, their interactions with other medications, their purity, and individual pharmacogenomics, remain unknown. Turmeric is a popular supplement that has been demonstrated to be safe, and even hepatoprotective. Recently, however, there have been several reports of turmeric-induced liver injury. We report a case of drug-induced liver injury due to turmeric that was complicated by acute liver failure and hepatorenal syndrome.

A Life-Threatening Cup Of Tea: A Case Report And Literature Review, Elizabeth Mikhail, Dheeraj Alexander, Kyle Ralston, Calvin Ghimire, Arvind Kunadi

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Herbal teas have been ingrained in traditional practices, particularly in traditional Chinese medicine, for many years. Despite their global popularity and widespread use, there is a notable absence of comprehensive studies elucidating the mechanism of action and potential adverse effects associated with these medicinal herbs. We present the case of a male in his early 50s who consumed an herbal tea called “Tapee tea” which is marketed to alleviate musculoskeletal pain and is available for purchase on various online platforms. He presented to the hospital due to melanotic stools and was subsequently diagnosed with a large duodenal peptic ulcer which …

Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Endoscopic Intervention: A Clinical Review, Nismat Javed, Haider Ghazanfar, Bhavna Balar, Harish Patel

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Gastrointestinal diseases are increasing in global prevalence. As a result, the contribution to both mortality and healthcare costs is increasing. While interventions utilizing scoping techniques or ultrasound are crucial to both the timely diagnosis and management of illness, a few limitations are associated with these techniques. Artificial intelligence, using computerized diagnoses, deep learning systems, or neural networks, is increasingly being employed in multiple aspects of medicine to improve the characteristics and outcomes of these tools. Therefore, this review aims to discuss applications of artificial intelligence in endoscopy, colonoscopy, and endoscopic ultrasound.

Efficacy And Safety Of Pressure-Controlled Intermittent Coronary Sinus Occlusion In Stemi: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Sarim Rashid, Hesham Naeem, Muhammad Aqdam Aneeq, Parversh Kumar Rathi, Bakht Umer, Laveeza Fatima, Jawad Basit, Amin Mehmoodi, Jahanzeb Malik

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

This systematic review will provide a comprehensive assessment of the evidence on PC-ICSO in STEMI patients, and it will help to determine the role of this novel technique in the management of STEMI. The review searched for the relevant articles in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases regarding PC-ICSO. Four cohort studies were eligible to be included in the quantitative analysis. In the pooled analysis, the use of PICSO was associated with a significant reduction in infarct size (SMD=-0.44, 95% CI=-0.76,-0.13, p=0.004). PICSO administration was associated with a reduced risk of developing microvascular resistance (RR=0.75, 95% …

Efficacy Of Remdesivir On Clinical Outcomes In Covid-19 Patients: A Study In A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan, Bilquis Shabbir, Uzma Malik, Zouina Sarfraz, Furqan Saeed, Kashif Nawaz, Iqra Khalid, Khalid Masud Gondal

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Background

As of October 3, 2023, the global COVID-19 case tally exceeded 696 million, with almost 7 million fatalities. Remdesivir, approved for treatment of COVID-19 by regulatory bodies, has seen varying recommendations by the World Health Organization over time. Despite certain studies questioning its efficacy, others highlight potential benefits. The objective of this study was to gauge the impact of remdesivir on clinical outcomes in a Pakistani tertiary care hospital.

Methods

An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 108 COVID-19 patients at Mayo Hospital Lahore between September 2020 and August 2021. Of these, 52 received remdesivir. The study employed a …

Anca And Asca Profiles In A Moroccan Population With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Ouadii Abakarim, Raymond Klevor, Lahcen El Moumou, Raja Hazime, Imane Brahim, Sofia Oubaha, Khadija Krati, Brahim Admou

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Introduction: Diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is hindered by the invasive procedures required for accurate classification as Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). As alternatives, non-invasive tests using anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have gained significance. This study evaluated ANCA and ASCA antibody frequencies in IBD and their role in disease characterization in a Moroccan population. Methods: Conducted at Marrakech’s Mohammed VI University Hospital from 2014 to 2018, this cross-sectional study included patients with suggestive symptoms or confirmed IBD diagnosis based on clinical, endoscopic, and histological criteria. Immunological investigations detected p-ANCA, c-ANCA, and ASCA using …

Hesitancy Towards Covid-19 Vaccine Among Students Of Medical And Allied Health Sciences In Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study, Maham Zahid, Youhib U. Rehman, Asif Rehman, Khalid Rehman

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Objective: To measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its associated factors among medical and allied health sciences students of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was conducted online using Google survey platform in March 2021. Study population comprised of medical and allied health sciences students studying in medical/allied health sciences academic institutes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The web-based online link was provided to around 800 students to fill in the questionnaire via email, WhatsApp and/or social media network. Response rate was around 50%. The main outcome variable was vaccine hesitancy. Factors associated with vaccine hesitancy were explored by bivariate and multivariate regression …

Bibliometric Review Of The Landscape And Thematic Structure Of Research On Sustainable Mining In Asean, 1942–2022, Nathatai Janjirawatna, Sirisuhk Rakthin, Philip Hallinger

Journal of Sustainable Mining

This bibliometric review addressed the lack of consolidated information on the current state of sustainable mining in the ASEAN region. The review analyzed bibliographic data associated with 539 Scopus-indexed documents on sustainable mining in ASEAN nations published through the end of 2022. Descriptive statistics identified a great disparity in the scope of research on sustainable mining practices across the ASEAN countries. Surprisingly, a significant portion of the extant research on sustainable mining in the region has been authored by scholars from outside of ASEAN. Keyword analyses highlighted several emerging research topics including life cycle assessment, conservation of natural resources, climate …

Pedagogical Practices In Creating A Musical Festival Curriculum: A Case Study Bonnaroo University, Ken Spring, Sarita M. Stewart

Faculty Scholarship Symposium

Two immersive, interdisciplinary courses focused on music festival culture were created as part of a university study away program. This paper provides a pedagogical framework for educators interested in offering a similar educational experience for their students. The first part of the paper provides a summary of how the Bonnaroo U program came into being. This includes a discussion of the components necessary to build a music festival curriculum. Best practices in building sustainable relationships with festival promoters and of festival site logistics concludes the paper.

Impact Of Covid-19 On Food Insecurity And Subsequent Consequences In Post-Secondary Students In The United States: A Systematic Review With Meta Analysis, Meshora Suthanthira, Valerie Cadet

Research Day

Introduction

Food insecurity is a prevalent problem in the United States that affects the livelihoods of many individuals and families. Food security is defined as “a situation that exists when all people, at all times, have physical and social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy lifestyle.” (Committee on World Food Security (CFS), 2012). The purpose of this systematic review is to compare food insecurity and its effects on mental health, physical health, and academics, prior to the start of the pandemic and after stay-at-home …

Masking During The Pandemic: Their Role In Possible Delaying Medical Diagnoses; A Case Report, Sanjana Das, Ryan Kanungo, Ranjita Sengupta

Research Day

Introduction:

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 brought a profound global shift particularly in medicine and daily life (2). Within healthcare, masks assumed heightened significance as frontline workers attended to potentially infected/infected patients. Initially, limited data existed on effectiveness, mask types, and ideal duration of use, resulting in a generalized protocol of patients and the healthcare team wearing masks during healthcare visits (3). While serving as a shield against COVID-19, masks also possess the potential to conceal subtle disease indicators present only beneath their covering. Notably, no studies to date have explored whether the widespread use of masks throughout the pandemic …

Case Study: Lead Contamination Propagation Into Plants Of A Metro Atlanta Home, Jaci Carithers, Samantha Gowen, Mbill Khan, Gokbet Owusu-Poku, Francis Jenney

Research Day

INTRODUCTION: Lead pollution in residential areas of Metro Atlanta has spurred action from the EPA to increase efforts to remediate the contaminated soil, resulting in the designation of the Westside Lead Atlanta, GA Superfund site. Lead poses significant risks to human health, interfering with vital biological functions such as its mimicry and blocking of important calcium-dependent pathways. Contributing to this issue are the historic practices of lead-based industries with poor disposal practices, causing local soil and water pollution. This issue is evident particularly along historical railroad routes used for transporting heavy metal-laden industrial goods. The soil along these routes frequently …

Inhibition Of Sars-Cov-2 Papain-Like Protease By Bioactive Compounds Found In Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Alexander Beringer, Jenny Wong, Devin Lewis, Aribah Ali, Shashidharamurthy Taval, Vicky Mody

Research Day

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, remains a substantial global public health threat. Despite widespread vaccination efforts, reinfection rates are rising, necessitating a comprehensive examination of vaccine effectiveness against emerging variants. There is an immediate and pressing need to identify potential therapeutic interventions for combating resistant COVID-19 infections. Research has highlighted the significance of nonstructural proteins, including proteases and polymerases, in viral replication, making them attractive targets for drug development. Among these, the Papain-like protease (PLpro), 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzymes play pivotal roles in SARS-CoV-2 replication and are promising candidates …

Promoting The Understanding Of Prerequisites, Training, Career Opportunities, And Practice Philosophy Of Osteopathic Physicians Amongst Students In The Southeastern U.S., Gabrielle I. Oquendo, Sharnikha Saravanan, Hersha Iyer, Joy Zarandy

Research Day

Introduction: Osteopathic medicine is one of the most rapidly growing healthcare professions. Over the past five years, there has been a comprehensive increase in the number of Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) physicians by 30%, constituting more than 11% of U.S. physicians. Over the past decade, the number of DO students expanded by 77%, representing more than 25% of U.S. medical students today. While future projections predict a continued exponential increase of DO physicians, the understanding of Osteopathic medicine within the general public remains inconsistent among various age ranges and U.S. geographic regions, and few studies have been conducted to …

Teaching Legal Issues In Arts Management To Non-Lawyers, Kristi Arth

Faculty Scholarship Symposium

Teaching Legal Issues in Arts Management to Non-Lawyers

This presentation will provide an overview of the pedagogical framework developed by Prof. Arth for her textbook, "Legal Issues for Arts Organizations: A Practical Guide" (Routledge 2024), which is set for publication on April 29, 2024 and available here: https://www.routledge.com/Legal-Issues-for-Arts-Organizations-A-Practical-Guide/Arth/p/book/9780367771133. The book is designed to make legal concepts approachable by and for non-lawyer audiences. The book’s main objectives include: providing an overview of the American legal system, teaching a systematic process for identifying legal issues, training administrators to read and understand contracts, conveying practical advice for working with professional lawyers, and …