Digital Commons Network^™

China’S Shift Towards Data Openness: Integrating Security With Trade In Cross-Border Data Transfer, Yichen Huang

Michigan Technology Law Review

As the world's second-largest economy, China's stringent cross-border data transfer laws have deterred numerous multinational investments. To address this issue, China has prioritized data openness in its legislative agenda. The passage of the Provisions on Facilitating and Standardizing Cross-Border Data Transfer (the “New Cross-Border Data Transfer Regulation”) in March 2024 marked a significant milestone in this effort. Despite this progress, investors continue to express concerns about enforcing the new law. This article analyzes these recent legal developments and argues that they signal the government's determination to relax data control measures. China's stance is shifting from prioritizing security over trade to …

Narrative Report Of The Town Officers Of Amherst, New Hampshire For The Year Ending December 31, 2025, And Financial Records For Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 2025, Amherst Town Representatives

Amherst, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Belmont 2025 Annual Report, Belmont Town Representatives

Belmont, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Report Of The Officers And Committees Of The Town Of Dorchester, Nh Year Ended December 31, 2025, Dorchester Town Representatives

Dorchester, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

2025 Annual Report Of The Town Of Boscawen, Nh, "Greatest Of All Towns!" With The 2026 Town Warrant And Budget, Boscawen Town Representatives

Boscawen, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Expanding Sources Of Knowledge In Legal Scholarship, Adam Davidson, Jocelyn Simonson

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

No abstract provided.

When Are Foot Pursuits Really Necessary?: How Improved Policies Might Reduce Community Harm, Sharon R. Fairley

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

Despite the widely accepted view that foot pursuits are inherently dangerous for both police officers and citizens, a minority of municipal police agencies have adopted policies that have the potential to minimize the risk of harm by limiting the circumstances in which police officers are permitted to pursue a subject on foot. This paper presents data related to foot pursuit incidents and existing foot pursuit policies. The paper documents that most existing foot pursuit policies are limited in their potential to reduce unwarranted deadly encounters because the guidance they provide requires officers to consider and weigh vague concepts in tense, …

The 2026 World Cup, In Trump’S Shadow, Richard Holtzman

History, Literature, and the Arts Faculty Journal Articles

This essay examines President Donald Trump’s rhetorical interventions in the lead-up to the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It is inspired by Eduardo Galeano’s Soccer in Sun and Shadow, which interprets football as a mirror reflecting broader political, cultural, and economic realities. My analysis explores how Trump commandeered the World Cup through spectacle, transforming it into a stage for symbolically demonstrating his power and indulging his ego. The president’s rhetorical behavior is explored and critiqued through three case studies and a final vignette: (1) the establishment of a White House World Cup Task Force, (2) the president’s threats to relocate …

The Spatial Relationship Between The Residents Of Buttonwillow, Ca And The Carbon Capture And Storage Project, Carbon Terravault, Daniell Dorado

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is one necessary component in California’s strategy in meeting its carbon neutrality goals. CCUS serves as an important piece to reduce greenhouse gas emissions where other sequestration methods are not yet feasible for certain sectors like electricity generation, cement production and refineries. At the same time, the impacts of industrial projects disproportionately impact underserved communities, and there is a need for more equitable community engagement practices. The state has had an increase in CCUS projects, and several are or will be in Kern County, which has often been a leader in the oil and …

"What Power Do We Have?" Community Capacity And Justice In Samoa, California’S Floating Offshore Wind Terminal Development, Lauren Mccall Hart

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Floating offshore wind (OSW) is a relatively novel technology in the United States, which is positioned to play an integral role in California’s decarbonization strategy. Two federal OSW lease areas have been established off the coast of Northern California, and plans are underway to develop supporting port infrastructure, including the Humboldt Bay Offshore Wind Heavy Lift Marine Terminal (HLMT). The proposed HLMT site is adjacent to communities on the Samoa Peninsula of Humboldt Bay, which currently face socio-environmental vulnerabilities and critical infrastructure gaps. The social implications of OSW port development remain poorly understood, particularly in rural and underserved communities. This …

Beyond The Meter: Frameworks For Evaluating The Broad Spectrum Of Microgrid Benefits, Elias Henderson

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Community-scale microgrids can create a range of social benefits. These include resilient electricity, cleaner air, decarbonization, and economic development, alongside more qualitative values like energy sovereignty and community self-determination. Many such benefits, however, are illegible to California’s market and regulatory frameworks. This thesis traces this disconnect, with particular attention to grid-edge communities in Northern California.

Microgrid benefits are classified as monetized, modeled, or incommensurable according to their inclusion/exclusion in existing regulatory and revenue mechanisms. To explore each category, a mixed-methods analytic approach is employed, pairing Tribal and stakeholder interviews with the development of a microgrid valuation calculator. This tool is …

Ai Deployment Authorisation: A Global Standard For Machine-Readable Governance Of High-Risk Artificial Intelligence, Daniel Djan Saparning

Student Publications

Modern artificial intelligence (AI) governance lacks a formal, enforceable mechanism for determining whether a given AI system is legally permitted to operate in a specific domain and jurisdiction. Existing approaches-such as model cards, audits, and benchmark evaluations provide descriptive information about model behaviour and training data but do not produce binding deployment decisions with legal or financial force. This paper introduces the AI Deployment Authorisation Score (ADAS). This machine-readable, regulator-grade framework evaluates AI systems across five legally and economically grounded dimensions: Risk, Alignment, Externality, Control, and Auditability, derived from safety engineering, alignment theory, algorithmic accountability, and liability economics. ADAS produces …

Annual Report Of The Officers Of The Town Of Campton, New Hampshire For The Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2025, Campton Town Representatives

Campton, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Plainfield, New Hampshire Annual Report 2025, Annual Reports Of The Officers And Selectmen And The School District, Plainfield Town Representatives

Plainfield, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

2025 Annual Report Of The Officers, Town Of Orange, New Hampshire, Orange Town Representatives

Orange, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Bow New Hampshire And Bow School District 2025 Town And School Annual Report, Bow Town Representatives

Bow, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

“… It's Google That's Big Brother”: The Symbiosis Between Icac Investigators And The Private Sector Regarding Encryption And Privacy, Christopher G. Brewer, Kevin F. Steinmetz, Don Kurtz, Brian Schaefer

Faculty Publications - Criminal Justice Sciences

Encryption technologies have become ubiquitous for both individual and commercial sectors. Perhaps no realm of law enforcement is so acutely affected by encryption than cybercrime, including internet crimes against children (ICAC) personnel. There exist a variety of encryption-based tools and authentication measures available to help online child sexual abusers and consumers of child sexual abuse material (CSAM) hide their activities and obstruct law enforcement efforts to gather evidence of criminal activity. Established here is the idea that ICAC investigative practice is ultimately shaped by these technologies as well as the relationship between the distributors of these technologies and private platforms …

Zero Tolerance Discipline In American Schools: Racial Injustice In The Age Of Youth Disposability, Trinity J. Perkins

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

This study critically examines how neoliberal social controls and school-based criminalization efforts emerged in response to a series of moral panics surrounding perceived increases in school violence and mass shootings. Largely, this response manifested in the form of rigid zerotolerance disciplinary policies focused on deterrence and retribution. However, research reveals the application of these policies produce racial and income-based disparities in how school discipline is administered, which contributes to the school-to-prison pipeline (i.e., a pathway for youth to be funneled out of education and into incarceration). As such, it is believed that racial threat dynamics may be contributing to the …

Noem V. Vazquez Perdomo And Plenary Authority: A Look At What Is Happening To U.S. Citizens, Jose Juan Solis

Florida Atlantic University Undergraduate Law Journal

On September 8th, 2025, the Supreme Court ruled in Noem v. Vasquez Perdomo, and that ruling led to the Trump administration allowing immigration officers to detain Hispanic people based on four factors. These factors include race and ethnicity, speaking Spanish or having an accent when speaking English, being present at a particular location, or having a particular job.1 This ruling is very controversial because it gives immigration officers the right to use racial profiling to justify their arrests. This type of precedent has not been seen and sets a very dangerous situation, not only for undocumented civilians but also for …

The Myth Of The Second Amendment, Laura Muna-Landa

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation traces the evolution of the United States Supreme Court’s interpretation of the Second Amendment, which shifted from a constitutional provision grounded in collective security and concerns about tyranny to a modern doctrine emphasizing an individual right to possess firearms. It contends that post-Heller (District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) decisions do not simply “apply” founding-era intent to modern circumstances but instead reflect a significant doctrinal reconstruction that now shapes both gun policy and public perceptions of constitutional meaning. This research first reconstructs the founding-era context, then tests explanations of judicial behavior, and finally applies that framework to Heller, …

Prevention Beyond Deterrence, Benjamin A. Barsky

Emory Law Journal

This Article reconceptualizes preventive justice—the public safety paradigm that seeks to prevent harm before it occurs. Scholars have long documented how cities have advanced this paradigm through largely punitive measures, notably variants of broken windows policing, which posit that aggressive misdemeanor enforcement deters more serious crime. Yet in the aftermath of the 2020 George Floyd protests, and as underscored recently in City of Grants Pass v. Johnson, these measures have faced a legitimacy crisis—prompting calls for nonpunitive responses to nonviolent incidents.

This Article establishes a preventive justice approach that advances health and safety without emphasizing crime deterrence. It draws …

The Effect Of Sleep Environment On Sleep Quality And Behavior In Firefighters: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jacquelyn N. Zera, Erica Esper, Anna Peluso Simonson, Ashley N. Clausen, Serena Paterno

2026 Faculty Bibliography

Firefighters face high-stress occupational demands and irregular shift work that negatively impact sleep quality, which is intrinsically linked to long-term physical and psychological health. This cross-sectional study examines how the physical sleep environment (home vs. work) and station sleeping arrangements (bunk-style vs. individual dorm-style quarters) influence subjective sleep quality in this population. Sixty-six career firefighters (Age = 40.89 ± 11.05 years), completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess their sleep in both home and fire station environments, with data analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks and Mann–Whitney U tests. The results reveal significant differences (p < 0.001), with sleep duration, efficiency, subjective quality, and global PSQI scores all performing significantly better at home than at work. Notably, no significant differences were found between bunk-style and dorm-style sleeping quarters at the station. These findings suggest that firefighters experience poorer sleep while on duty regardless of room design, indicating that operational stressors like call volume and nocturnal arousal may be more influential on sleep quality than the physical arrangement of sleeping quarters, and could inform organizational policies and wellness programs aimed at reducing occupational fatigue.

Does Voluntary Manslaughter Exist In South Dakota?, Gregory Brazeal

South Dakota Law Review

The American legal tradition generally distinguishes between cold-blooded, premeditated intentional killing and hot-blooded, spontaneous intentional killing. The former has traditionally been categorized as murder and the latter as the lesser crime of “voluntary manslaughter.” South Dakota’s homicide statutes, interpreted based on their plain meaning, depart from this deeply rooted tradition. The closest equivalent to the crime of voluntary manslaughter appears in South Dakota’s first-degree manslaughter statute, which includes a prohibition on homicide “[w]ithout any design to effect death . . . and in a heat of passion, but in a cruel and unusual manner.” The phrase “heat of passion” suggests …

Leveraging Ai, Iot, And Predictive Analytics For Crisis Management And Urban Resilience In Dubai, Suhail Bin Kalli

Theses

The thesis will discuss how smart technologies could be incorporated in the crisis management structures of Dubai to make the city more resilient. As Dubai grows more urbanized, it experiences increased problems with managing its crisis especially in the high population density places, traffic congestion, utility disruption, and extreme weather. This paper discusses how artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and predictive analytics can be used to ameliorate the response to emergencies, manage the allocation of resources, and enhance the coordination between different agencies. The crisis management systems at Dubai are still ineffective despite the level of technologies …

A Hybrid Object Detection And Temporal Attention Framework For Intelligent Video Surveillance, Sudheer Reddy Bandi, Eswari Vanaparthi, Yakshini Edapalli, Roshan Kavuri

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The rapid growth of urban areas has greatly heightened the need for smart video surveillance systems that can automatically process extensive amounts of CCTV footage. Traditional surveillance methods largely depend on human monitoring, which is not only inefficient but also susceptible to human mistakes, especially in intricate and crowded environments. To tackle these issues, this paper introduces a combined object detection and temporal attention for intelligent video surveillance that concurrently analyzes spatial and temporal data from video streams. The proposed system analyzes real-time CCTV footage utilising a multi-pathway frame extraction technique that includes slow, fast, and full-frame sampling to capture …

An Engine, Not A Vessel: Place, Politics, And Health In The United States, Philip B. Rocco

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

Social scientists often treat places as containers for social and economic phenomena that shape health outcomes. Yet this analytic practice conceals more than it reveals. Local governments in the United States should be understood as engines of both health promotion and stratification. As the contributions to this symposium suggest, governments not only occupy a formal place in the U.S. public health system, their decisions on everything from housing to transportation infrastructure can also have profound impacts on health outcomes. Local political economies likewise renegotiate the parameters of acceptable health interventions, public understandings of health disparities, and the status of population …

Economic Exchange And Relational Work In Doubled-Up Households, Hope Harvey

Sociology Faculty Publications

Doubling up, or sharing a home, is an increasingly common way that families make ends meet. Drawing on over 170 in-depth interviews with 60 parents, I ask how doubled-up household members understand and contest their economic relationships. I show that the success of intra-household economic exchange depends not only on the amounts exchanged, but also the shared meanings behind these exchanges. Given the lack of institutionalized expectations guiding doubled-up household relationships, household members draw on competing norms, framing the household as either a solidarity unit or a series of independent nuclear family units. Although disagreement over economic relationships is common, …

The Efficacy Of Co-Response Teams: A Scoping Review, Kristen N. Burkhart

Social Work Theses

This scoping review explores co-response teams, a coordinated response consisting of a mental health professional (MHP) and a law enforcement official (LEO). It examines the implementation, effectiveness, and outcomes of these interventions, highlighting barriers and facilitators of co-response teams. The review analyzed peer-reviewed studies from the years 2016-2026. Using the Arskey & O’Malley framework, an initial database search yielded 691 studies of which 30 were included in this review.  The review identifies four areas of ideas: legal system diversion and outcomes, frontline stakeholders' roles and friction, specialized co-response teams, and systemic barriers and resource constraints. Significant gaps remain in long-term …

A Machine Learning–Based Framework For Traffic Classification And Threshold-Based Load Management In 5g Network Slicing, Safi Ibrahim, Younis S. Younis, Kamal S. Hamza, Mohamed M. Ashour

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This study proposes a machine learning–based framework that applies machine learning techniques to improve the efficiency of 5G network slicing through automated traffic classification and threshold-based load management . The proposed model optimizes resource allocation among the three standardized 5G slice types: enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC), and massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC). Two supervised learning algorithms—K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM)—are trained using Quality of Service (QoS) parameters such as packet delay, loss rate, and Quality Class Identifier (QCI). Experimental evaluations were conducted on two large-scale datasets containing over 400,000 traffic instances, demonstrating that the …

Protecting Those Who Protect Us: A Blueprint For Mandatory Mental Wellness Standards For First Responders, Joy Hutchinson

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

First responders, including firefighters, law enforcement officers, emergency medical technicians (EMTs), dispatchers/telecommunicators, and corrections officers, serve as the backbone of public safety in the United States. Their work requires rapid decision-making, repeated exposure to traumatic events, and sustained emotional regulation in high-stakes environments (Hoell et al., 2023; Vig et al., 2020). Despite their critical roles, mental health support across these professions remains inconsistent, optional, and largely reactive rather than preventative, with many systems relying on self-referral only after crisis onset (Burke, 2021; Johnston et al., 2025).

Between 2021 and 2025, U.S.-based research has documented alarming levels of burnout, depression, anxiety, …