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The Relationship Between Psychological Stress And Sars-Cov-2 Nucleocapsid-Antibody Response Following Natural Infection: Longitudinal Findings From The Aegis Study, Erika T Beidelman, Ashley Judge, David B Allison, Stephanie Dickinson, Lilian Golzarri Arroyo, Anna L M Macagno, Michael J Ricciardi, Jon Macy, Stanley Perlman, Christina Ludema, Kevin C Maki, Molly Rosenberg Jun 2026

The Relationship Between Psychological Stress And Sars-Cov-2 Nucleocapsid-Antibody Response Following Natural Infection: Longitudinal Findings From The Aegis Study, Erika T Beidelman, Ashley Judge, David B Allison, Stephanie Dickinson, Lilian Golzarri Arroyo, Anna L M Macagno, Michael J Ricciardi, Jon Macy, Stanley Perlman, Christina Ludema, Kevin C Maki, Molly Rosenberg

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Psychological stress can cause diminished immune response to infectious challenges. The extent this holds true during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the modifying effect of vaccination status is untested. We explored these relationships in a non-random sample standardized to the US adult population. Across 2178 participants in the Aegis study (2021-2022), we identified 507 eligible laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. We estimated the natural log of nucleocapsid-binding antibody absorbance (N-antibody) at study visits up to 225 days following a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Linear mixed effects models were fit to estimate the association of baseline perceived stress and, separately, …


Defining The Dynamic Role Of Belongingness In Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment, Brendan E. Walsh Jun 2026

Defining The Dynamic Role Of Belongingness In Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment, Brendan E. Walsh

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Drinking is intertwined with social processes, including social support and group belongingness. Although drinking can transiently enhance social functioning, escalating to heavy use can be detrimental to it. It is well-known that excessive drinking and social dysfunction exacerbate each other over time, and it follows that social support and belonging are key mechanisms of addiction recovery. Yet, less is known about how changes in belongingness throughout treatment dynamically affect drinking outcomes, and even less is known about how drinking outcomes and other social processes (e.g., therapeutic alliance, interpersonal drinking consequences) dynamically influence belongingness. The current project (N = 210) studied …


You Must Be This Tall To Scroll: California's Questionable Approach To Parenting By Policy, Caroline M. Cuddy Jun 2026

You Must Be This Tall To Scroll: California's Questionable Approach To Parenting By Policy, Caroline M. Cuddy

Pace Law Review

This note examines California's Protecting Our Kids from Social Media Addiction Act (SB 976), signed into law in September 2024, which prohibits personalized algorithmic feeds on minors' accounts without pa- rental consent and restricts platform notifications during school hours and nighttime. Drawing on the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association and related federal litigation, this note argues that SB 976 is unconstitutional under the First Amendment. Specifically, SB 976 is underinclusive because it fails to meaning- fully reduce minors' screen time, exempts comparable addictive plat- forms, and permits the very algorithmic feeds it deems harmful upon parental …


The Flow State, Cody Sheets Jun 2026

The Flow State, Cody Sheets

Writing Waves

No abstract provided.


Daydreaming: How Far Can We Go?, Abigail Toribio Jun 2026

Daydreaming: How Far Can We Go?, Abigail Toribio

Writing Waves

No abstract provided.


The Trauma Challenge: Are You Ready To Lead With Trust-Based Relational Intervention?, Tara Quinn-Schuldt Dr., Patrick Walker, Melinda Meadow, Megan Jance Jun 2026

The Trauma Challenge: Are You Ready To Lead With Trust-Based Relational Intervention?, Tara Quinn-Schuldt Dr., Patrick Walker, Melinda Meadow, Megan Jance

Southeast Conference on School Climate

In today’s educational landscape, understanding trauma isn’t optional, it’s essential. The Cherokee County School District has transformed from trauma-aware to trauma-responsive through intentional implementation and the creation of its connectED cohort training model. Combining strategic district-wide staff, including administrators, teachers, school support personnel, nurses, and resource officers—we created a collective approach to improving school climate, culture, and overall student outcomes. This comprehensive model integrates mental health, attachment theory, behavior intervention, and trauma responsiveness into the educational environment. This session shares evidence-based tools, a trauma-responsiveness assessment template, and strategies to address contradictions and strengthen trauma-responsive practices.


Bridging Covenant And Efficiency: A Mixed-Methods Exploration Of Faith-Based Environmental Nonprofits Under New Public Management Reform, Jacob Berry Jun 2026

Bridging Covenant And Efficiency: A Mixed-Methods Exploration Of Faith-Based Environmental Nonprofits Under New Public Management Reform, Jacob Berry

Journal of Law and Government

This paper explores covenantal environmental administration as a significant framework for contemporary public governance within faith-based environmental nonprofits (FENs). As New Public Management (NPM) reforms increasingly shape nonprofit administration through efficiency and performance metrics, covenantal governance emerges as an alternative rooted in mutual obligation, ethical leadership, and spiritual stewardship, concepts deeply embedded in Judeo-Christian traditions exemplified by loving fulfillment. Contrary to perceptions of incompatibility between ethical-spiritual values and data-driven accountability, this study argues that integrating covenantalism with New Public Management practices can enhance organizational performance, stakeholder trust, and ecological outcomes. Employing theoretical analysis and empirical tools (notably the Covenantal Empowerment …


The Plight Of “Unreasonable” Trafficking Victims: A Critical Assessment Of The Trafficking Victims Protection Act’S “Reasonable Person” Standard For Coercion In Policy-Oriented Perspective, Christian L. Gonzalez Rivera Jun 2026

The Plight Of “Unreasonable” Trafficking Victims: A Critical Assessment Of The Trafficking Victims Protection Act’S “Reasonable Person” Standard For Coercion In Policy-Oriented Perspective, Christian L. Gonzalez Rivera

Social Justice & Equity Law Journal (Willamette University College of Law)

Since the enactment of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 and its requirement that, in alleging trafficking by means of coercion, victims and prosecutors make a showing that the victim was coerced under a reasonable person standard, an entire class of victims effectively became disenfranchised and no longer deemed victims. The inability to meet such a high burden of proof produces not only the lack of successful criminal and civil prosecutions, but also – and most alarmingly – precludes many a victim’s participation in basic and highly needed government services, required both to cope with and recover from the …


Acknowledgements, Editors Of Suurj Jun 2026

Acknowledgements, Editors Of Suurj

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.


Toward Liberation: Decolonizing Curriculum To Heal Double Consciousness In Students Of Color, Olivia Cimino Jun 2026

Toward Liberation: Decolonizing Curriculum To Heal Double Consciousness In Students Of Color, Olivia Cimino

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper explores how education can be reimagined as a form of liberation through the integration of interdisciplinary theories from political science, ethnic studies, and educational studies. Grounded in Antonio Gramsci’s theory of cultural hegemony and Louis Althusser’s concept of the Ideological State Apparatus, this paper introduces the concept of Reverse Hegemony as a framework to reclaim educational curriculum and mitigate systemic injustice. By applying this framework alongside liberatory pedagogies informed by Paulo Freire, Jarvis Givens, and Bryan Brayboy, the paper argues that education can heal the fractured sense of identity that W.E.B. Du Bois termed double consciousness. Through interdisciplinary …


Contributor Biographies, Editors Of Suurj Jun 2026

Contributor Biographies, Editors Of Suurj

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.


Reclaiming Morality: Marxism, Ideology, And The Ethics Of Emancipation, Karli Calo Jun 2026

Reclaiming Morality: Marxism, Ideology, And The Ethics Of Emancipation, Karli Calo

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper examines whether morality in Marxist theory is inescapably ideological—merely an expression of bourgeois class interests—or whether it can serve as a material force for liberation. I argue that although Marx lacks explicit moral theorizing, his critique of capitalism nonetheless relies on a coherent implicit moral framework. This framework can be identified through Marx’s analyses of alienation, exploitation, and class domination, each of which presupposes normative commitments to human dignity, social agency, and collective self-determination. Marx’s critique of bourgeois morality therefore does not entail the rejection of ethics; rather, it reveals the possibility of a historically grounded, emancipatory moral …


Between The Canvas And The Colonizer: The Black Female Figure And French Orientalist Paintings, Sophia Hounton Jun 2026

Between The Canvas And The Colonizer: The Black Female Figure And French Orientalist Paintings, Sophia Hounton

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

Black women in French Orientalist paintings have been portrayed as hypersexual, subservient, and used as props to highlight the presence of their white and Arab counterparts. These depictions of Black women represent early discriminatory ideas about Black Africans that emerged in the same era through racial science. Though partially deconstructed today, these early conceptions of Black women continue to be reinforced and impact modern perceptions of Black women in French society. There is notably much less research dedicated to the historical role of the image of Black women in France compared to research on Black men and Arab women. This …


The Child Figure In Climate Fiction: Redefining Community And Culture In The Face Of Climate Change, Allison Wasley Jun 2026

The Child Figure In Climate Fiction: Redefining Community And Culture In The Face Of Climate Change, Allison Wasley

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

While climate change has been a known phenomenon for decades, social and cultural factors have stagnated our collective ability not only to discuss ongoing climate disasters, but also to conceptualize the disintegration of the very relationship between humanity and the natural world. This essay builds upon existing research and theory, proposing that climate fiction could serve as an antidote to our “cultural derangement,” which simultaneously destroys the relationship between humanity and nature, and our relationship with one another. This essay analyzes several examples of climate fiction that leverage the figure of the child as a symbol of hope and a …


Imaginary Companions Across Contexts: Developmental Adaptation Or Clinical Concern?, Kaeli M. Chop Jun 2026

Imaginary Companions Across Contexts: Developmental Adaptation Or Clinical Concern?, Kaeli M. Chop

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

This literary review examines the developmental, clinical, and cultural dimensions of imaginary companions (ICs) to understand how they function across different contexts. By bringing together findings from developmental psychology and cross-cultural research, it considers how ICs shape emotional growth across the lifespan. In early childhood, ICs often reflect a child’s creative engagement with emotion, imagination, and early social growth. They provide a safe space for children to express their feelings, explore relationships, and develop emotional understanding. ICs can often serve more complex roles in response to trauma, shifting from playful imagination to coping mechanisms that offer comfort or protection when …


Creating Accessible And Equitable Mental Health Treatments: The Usefulness Of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy In Treating Racial Trauma, Aicha J. Toure Jun 2026

Creating Accessible And Equitable Mental Health Treatments: The Usefulness Of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy In Treating Racial Trauma, Aicha J. Toure

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

Psychedelic-assisted therapy is a recently developed method for treating mental health disorders, including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research into the effectiveness of psychedelics in treating mental health has largely excluded Black Peoples, Indigenous Peoples, and People(s) of Color (BIPOC); this is problematic, as rates of these mental health disorders are proportionally higher in BIPOC individuals than in white individuals. Mental health issues experienced by BIPOC are, more often than not, rooted in experiences of racial discrimination (Schouler-Ocak et al., 2021). Experiences of racial discrimination can develop into racial trauma, manifesting as depression, anxiety, and/or PTSD. This literature …


School-To-Prison Pipe Dream, Kadeen C. Frazier Jun 2026

School-To-Prison Pipe Dream, Kadeen C. Frazier

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

The school-to-prison pipeline is a disturbing reality that is one of the most grotesque and ironic manifestations of systemic failure. This phrase, school-to-prison pipeline, is used to describe the national trend where children almost exclusively from marginalized communities are funneled out of public school and into the juvenile and criminal justice system. The United States public education system pushes its most vulnerable citizens, children, from an institution where they are sent to safely learn and grow, into one that is like hell on Earth, where they will be stripped of their humanity and work as slave labor in privately owned …


Suurj Volume 10 Entire Volume, Editors Of Suurj Jun 2026

Suurj Volume 10 Entire Volume, Editors Of Suurj

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.


“Thrown To The Fire”: Exploring The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Education And Self-Efficacy In New Graduate Physical Therapists, Michael Furtado, Gregory Brusola, Dana Wild Jun 2026

“Thrown To The Fire”: Exploring The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Education And Self-Efficacy In New Graduate Physical Therapists, Michael Furtado, Gregory Brusola, Dana Wild

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) education and practice, leading to emergency transitions to online learning and interruptions in clinical experiences across the United States. These disruptions raised concerns about their impact on new graduate DPTs' self-efficacy and professional readiness. The current issue addressed by this study is the effect of these disruptions on new graduate self-efficacy and confidence in their professional role. This mixed-method study aimed to assess the extent of clinical education disruption, evaluate its effects on self-efficacy, and explore the lived experiences of new graduate DPTs during the pandemic. Method: A survey …


An Exploratory Study: The Presence Of Imposter Syndrome In New Graduate Allied Health Professionals And Its Relationship To Location Of Practice, Samantha J. Barber, Carol A. Flavell Dr, Moira Smith Dr Jun 2026

An Exploratory Study: The Presence Of Imposter Syndrome In New Graduate Allied Health Professionals And Its Relationship To Location Of Practice, Samantha J. Barber, Carol A. Flavell Dr, Moira Smith Dr

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Imposter syndrome (IS) explores the feelings of fraudulence within personal and professional settings. Commonly IS results in impaired self-confidence, and self-perceptions of one’s own abilities, their mental health, and places them at a higher risk of burnout. Imposterism is linked to transitionary periods, such as being newly graduated, and while IS addressed amongst the medical community [doctors and nurses], there is a gap in literature relating to IS amongst allied health professionals (AHPs). Additionally, there is no known literature in which IS presence or severity is explored in relation to an individual’s geographic location. The aim of this study …


The Dangers Of Unregulated Artificial Intelligence: Should The United States Adopt International Ai Regulations?, Katrina P. Perea Jun 2026

The Dangers Of Unregulated Artificial Intelligence: Should The United States Adopt International Ai Regulations?, Katrina P. Perea

Widener Commonwealth Law Review

No abstract provided.


Covid-19 Student Litigation & The Risk To Higher Education, Kiera R. Flannery Jun 2026

Covid-19 Student Litigation & The Risk To Higher Education, Kiera R. Flannery

Widener Commonwealth Law Review

No abstract provided.


An Asexual Autist’S Feminist Musings On The Lord Of The Rings, Robin A. Reid Jun 2026

An Asexual Autist’S Feminist Musings On The Lord Of The Rings, Robin A. Reid

Journal of Tolkien Research

Abstract: This reader response is about how a seventy-year-old asexual autist began to discover her feminist queer politics by reading Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings at the age of ten. Countering the negative stereotype of feminists (and/or women) disliking Tolkien, Reid describes how her autistic obsession with Tolkien’s world and her love for Éowyn led her first into online Tolkien fandom and then into aca-fandom. She chronicles a journey from feeling isolated and weird in her childhood and adolescence (in small-town Idaho during the 1960s) to finding communities in which her weirdnesses (autism, asexuality, and feminism) were not only …


“As Bachelors Very Exceptional”: An Asexual Reading Of Frodo Baggins, Danna Petersen-Deeprose Jun 2026

“As Bachelors Very Exceptional”: An Asexual Reading Of Frodo Baggins, Danna Petersen-Deeprose

Journal of Tolkien Research

Queer Tolkien scholarship has seen a number of homosexual readings of Frodo Baggins. While there are indeed many elements within the text that support a queer reading, it is a mistake to insist that queer elements necessarily point to homosexuality. This article advances an alternative queer reading of Frodo: an asexual reading. Drawing queer and asexual scholarship, including Ela Przybylo, Danielle Cooper, Audre Lorde, and Jack Halberstam, this article examines Frodo’s actions, journey, and characteristics through an asexual lens, focusing on his solitary life in the Shire, the way he is perceived by the other Hobbits, his lack of any …


“A Natural Human Activity”: The Split Attraction Model As A Tool For Reading Tolkien’S Legendarium, Sarah Courtis Jun 2026

“A Natural Human Activity”: The Split Attraction Model As A Tool For Reading Tolkien’S Legendarium, Sarah Courtis

Journal of Tolkien Research

The works of J.R.R. Tolkien have long been a refuge for readers seeking escape; a world of eucatastrophe where difference is celebrated, and friendship lauded. Despite his egalitarian themes, gatekeepers attempt to bar those living at the margins and intersections from reading themselves into the texts, denying that applicability which Tolkien called for in his own works. One such applicable interpretation of the legendarium is through the lens of asexuality and aromanticism. As there are no graphic sex scenes (though contrary to GRR Martin’s claims sex does exist in the world and is expanded upon in The Nature of Middle …


The Image Of Morocco In The Travels Of European Prisoners, The Journey Of The Dutchwoman Maria Ter Mitteln For Example", Elmustafa Dada Jun 2026

The Image Of Morocco In The Travels Of European Prisoners, The Journey Of The Dutchwoman Maria Ter Mitteln For Example", Elmustafa Dada

SOROUD: The journal of Literacy Criticism

Given the scarcity of critical studies of women travellers, this article attempts to approach the image of Morocco at a time marked by difficult political, economic and social transformations shortly after the death of the Moroccan sultan Almoula Ismail, based on the Dutch version of Maria Terre Metlin's experience with her families in the 1830s, between 1731 and 1743. The aim of this essay is to shed light on women's journeys from a mystical perspective. It also aims to reveal some of the stereotypes constructed by captive women travellers around Morocco and Morocco, highlighting the contexts and motives behind their …


Testing The Christian University Belonging Scale: Revision From Target Population Feedback., Jasmine Bowles Jun 2026

Testing The Christian University Belonging Scale: Revision From Target Population Feedback., Jasmine Bowles

Honors Projects

This study explored whether feedback from a scale’s target population can improve its psychometric qualities. We developed a psychological scale of Christian university belonging, defined as feelings of being accepted, valued, engaged and connected in direct association with the faith-integration at a Christian university. Three studies were executed. First, we collected and analyzed quantitative data (n=55) on the 14-item scale and reduced the number of items to six. Second, we collected and analyzed qualitative data from students attending a Christian university in the Pacific Northwestern United States (n=7) on the 6-item version to revise the scale. After revision, the scale …


Olaf: Towards Robust Llm-Based Annotation Framework In Empirical Software Engineering, Mia Mohammad Imran, Tarannum Shaila Zaman Jun 2026

Olaf: Towards Robust Llm-Based Annotation Framework In Empirical Software Engineering, Mia Mohammad Imran, Tarannum Shaila Zaman

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in empirical software engineering (ESE) to automate or assist annotation tasks such as labeling commits, issues, and qualitative artifacts. Yet the reliability and reproducibility of such annotations remain underexplored. Existing studies often lack standardized measures for reliability, calibration, and drift, and frequently omit essential configuration details. We argue that LLM-based annotation should be treated as a measurement process rather than a purely automated activity. In this position paper, we outline the Operationalization for LLM-based Annotation Framework (OLAF), a conceptual framework that organizes key constructs: reliability, calibration, drift, consensus, aggregation, and transparency. The paper …


An Exploration Of Variables Related To Gender Role Differences And Social Relationships Among Nontraditional Bachelor's Degree Recipients, Cynthia Bourgeois Bergeron Jun 2026

An Exploration Of Variables Related To Gender Role Differences And Social Relationships Among Nontraditional Bachelor's Degree Recipients, Cynthia Bourgeois Bergeron

Doctoral Dissertations

The goal of this study was to examine variables that speak to gender role differences among nontraditional bachelor’s degree recipients aged 30 to 49. These issues are particularly relevant given enrollment trends showing that the diversification of bachelor’s degree seekers has outpaced the policies and norms of traditional undergraduate education. A nonexperimental, correlational research design was employed using chi-square tests and Cramer’s V as post-hoc measures on categorical data from the 2012, 2014, and 2016 General Social Survey. Shaped by Gilligan’s moral development theory, several social variables were included in the analysis. Two statistically significant associations emerged: women earning bachelor’s …


A Cross-Sectional Study Of First-Generation College Students' Sense Of Belonging Across Diverse Institutional Contexts, Nirmal Chandra Gope Jun 2026

A Cross-Sectional Study Of First-Generation College Students' Sense Of Belonging Across Diverse Institutional Contexts, Nirmal Chandra Gope

Doctoral Dissertations

First-generation college students comprise a significant growth demographic in U.S. higher education. Even with lower enrollment rates, more than one-third of U.S. postsecondary school students are first-generation students (Cataldi et al., 2018; Redford & Mulvaney Hoyer, 2017; Ward et al., 2012; Whitley et al., 2018). However, their retention and graduation rates are significantly lower than those of their continuing peers (Choy, 2001; Engle, 2007, 2008; Ishitani, 2006; Longwell-Grice & Longwell-Grice, 2021). Various factors play a significant role in creating this disparity (Longwell-Grice & Longwell-Grice, 2021; Tinto, 1993). Research identifies belonging as a crucial factor influencing student persistence, academic achievement, mental …