Digital Commons Network^™

Research Progress On Immunomodulatory Effect Of Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides, Zhao Xinglu, Yang Xiongchao, Wang Yidan, Zhao Shenglan, Ma Yage

Food and Machinery

Immune system imbalance arises from a complex interplay of genetic,environmental,chronic disease, age, and emotional factors. It can lead to diseases including diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and cancer, representing a critical threat to human health. Food-derived bioactive peptides possess immunomodulatory properties. As safe food resources, they are characterized by multi-targeting and high consumer acceptability. This review primarily focuses on the preparation technologies, structural analysis, structure-activity relationships, and mechanisms of bioactive peptides derived from food sources. Furthermore, current achievements are summarized in the field of immunomodulation by the peptides, while perspectives are offered.

Research Progress On Variation Laws Of Key Dough Components During Vacuum Dough Mixing Process And Application Of Vacuum Dough Mixing Technology In Flour Products, Lu Yuchang, Yi Cuiping, Wu Nana, Tan Bin

Food and Machinery

As an innovative method in flour product processing, vacuum dough mixing technology has attracted widespread attention in recent years for its ability to optimize the structure formation and quality characteristics of dough through the regulation of a low-pressure environment. The variation laws and underlying mechanisms of key dough components, including proteins, starch, and moisture, during the vacuum dough mixing process were systematically reviewed, and the application effects of this technology in various flour products were examined. Vacuum treatment significantly enhanced the rheological properties and freeze-thaw stability of dough by promoting gluten protein cross-linking, optimizing moisture distribution and state transitions, and …

Research Progress Of Anthocyanin-Loaded Aquatic Product Freshness Indicator Films, Zhao Zunle, Li Yun, Li Yu, Suo Jintie, Zhang Chun

Food and Machinery

Anthocyanin-loaded freshness indicator films can intuitively reflect the freshness of aquatic products through color changes. They are pH-sensitive and have characteristics such as natural safety and antioxidant properties. Although there have been a large number of studies on them, they still face huge challenges in aspects such as color development, stability, and sensitivity. This paper mainly summarizes the research on natural anthocyanins in pH-sensitive indicator films and their application in monitoring the freshness of aquatic products. The advantages of anthocyanins as indicators are analyzed, and measures to improve the performance of anthocyanin-loaded indicator films are further discussed. The focus is …

Research Progress Of Non-Thermal Food Processing Technologies, Wei Wenqiang, Bi Hanqing, Xiao Zhaoyin, Pang Guibing, Li Mingying, Zhang Hui

Food and Machinery

Non-thermal food processing technology, as an emerging technology in the food industry, has increasingly attracted attention and plays an important role in improving food nutrition, safety, and quality. This paper focuses on the working principles, mechanisms of action, and applications of non-thermal food processing technologies, including six mainstream methods, i.e., high-voltage electric field, magnetic field, ultra-high pressure, plasma, ultrasound, and radiation. It also discusses the current difficulties and challenges faced by non-thermal food processing technologies and analyzes their future development trends.

Research Progress On The Main Nutritional Active Components And Health Functions Of Hickory, Gao Junlong, Wang Chunxiao, Gao Fei, He Kan, Jin Chao, Wu Weijie, Deng Yangyong

Food and Machinery

Hickory is a natural, pollution-free wild nut that grows in specific natural environments. It is highly favored by consumers for its uniquely crisp and fluffy texture, rich nutritional value, and multiple health benefits. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the main nutritional and bioactive components of hickory, including proteins and amino acids, fats and fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, polyphenols, squalene, and phytosterols.These components are compared with those of commonly consumed nut products to clarify the content levels of the primary bioactive nutrients in hickory. It also focuses on the bioactivities and recent research progress related to hickory …

Feeding Performance And Survival Of Louisiana Poeciliid Fishes Exposed To Residential Wastewater Effluent, Jonathan Chapman

Masters Theses

Mosquitoes are a primary transmitter of vector-borne disease, and their larvae can thrive within shallow pools of stagnant water. Rainwater drainage ditches are a common sight in many communities, and in Louisiana, they are dually used as outlets for onsite residential wastewater discharge in neighborhoods disassociated from municipal sewage treatment. However, when discharge systems malfunction, the water becomes uninhabitable to mosquito predators, allowing mosquitoes to thrive. This research examines the predation performance of mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), sailfin mollies (Poecilia latipinna), and least killifish (Heterandria formosa), the primary biological control agents utilized to combat mosquitoes within ditch communities. Individuals were captured …

The Food Ethics, Sustainability And Alternatives Course: A Mixed Assessment Of University Students’ Readiness For Change, Charles Feldman, Stephanie A. Navarro Silvera

Department of Nutrition and Food Studies Scholarship and Creative Works

Growing interest in food sustainability education aims to increase awareness of food distribution systems, environmental degradation, and the connectivity of sustainable and ethical food practices. However, recent scholarship has questioned whether such pedagogical efforts are meaningfully internalized by students or lead to sustained behavioral change. Prior studies document persistent gaps in students’ understanding of sustainability impacts and the limited effectiveness of existing instructional approaches in promoting transformative engagement. To address these concerns, the Food Ethics, Sustainability and Alternatives (FESA) course was implemented with 21 undergraduate and graduate students at Montclair State University (Montclair, NJ, USA). Course outcomes were evaluated using …

Respiratory Health And Environmental Risks Among California Children: The Role Of Socioeconomic Status, Wen Chieh Chia

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract Air pollution has been cited as a factor in the development of respiratory illness in children. Socioeconomic differences can intensify the effects of air pollution exposure on low-income children compared to higher-income children. This correlational study examined the relationship between air pollution exposure and respiratory health outcomes among California children, as well as the moderating role of socioeconomic status. The study was guided by the environmental health disparities framework and used secondary data from the California Environmental Health Tracking Program, analyzing data from 49 California counties (n = 49). Independent variables were PM2.5 concentrations and the number of ozone …

Evidence-Based Practice Improves Patient Outcomes And Healthcare System Return On Investment: Findings From A Scoping Review, Linda Connor, Jennifer Dean, Molly Mcnett, Donna M. Tydings, Amanda Shrout, Penelope F. Gorsuch, Ashley Hole, Laura Moore, Roy Brown, Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk, Lynn Gallagher-Ford

Individual Articles

Background: Evidence-based practice and decision-making have been consistently linked to improved quality of care, patient safety, and many positive clinical outcomes in isolated reports throughout the literature. However, a comprehensive summary and review of the extent and type of evidence-based practices (EBPs) and their associated outcomes across clinical settings are lacking.

Aims: The purpose of this scoping review was to provide a thorough summary of published literature on the implementation of EBPs on patient outcomes in healthcare settings.

Methods: A comprehensive librarian-assisted search was done with three databases, and two reviewers independently performed title/abstract and full-text reviews within a systematic …

Decoupling Of Reproduction And Lifespan Trade-Off In Caenorhabditis Elegans Through Microbial Programming, Nora M. Villafuerte

LSU Master's Theses

The microbiome is increasingly recognized as a major regulator of host physiology. Using the Caenorhabditis elegans model, we investigated how natural commensal bacteria modulate host reproduction and lifespan through internal egg hatching, a phenotype in which retained embryos hatch within the maternal body. Screening strains from the CeMbio collection identified four focal strains Ochrobactrum BH3, Lelliottia JUb66, Pantoea BIGb0393, and Enterobacter CEent1 that significantly increased internal egg hatching during the late reproductive period. This contrasts with pathogenic bacteria, which induce early-onset internal egg hatching. Across the focal strains, worms exhibited reduced total brood size but an expanded reproductive window relative …

Effect Of Microwave Treatment On Structure , Physicochemical Properties , And Digestibility Of Oat Starch, Sun Huijun, Xu Yixuan, Wang Jiameng, Zhou Yibin, Yu Zhenyu

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the effect of microwave treatment on the structure, physicochemical, and digestibility of oat starch. [Methods] Oat starch (OAT) is taken as the research object to analyze the effects of different microwave treatment times on the particle size distribution, microstructure, crystalline structure, short-range ordered structure, thermodynamics, rheology, and digestibility of OAT. [Results] With the prolongation of microwave treatment time, OAT granules are expanded, and the particle size is significantly increased. Additionally, the crystallinity is decreased from 12.32% to 5.33%, the infrared absorption ratio R1 047 cm-1/1 022 cm-1 is decreased from 0.73 to 0.62, and the half width …

Construction Of A Laozao-Suansun Composite Fermentation System And Its Nutritional Components And Flavor Analysis, Zhao Yiying, Cheng Hao, Tian Yi, Zhou Chunhong, Du Haiping, Tian Yan

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To explore the optimal process of fermented bamboo shoots (Suansun) with sweet rice wine residue (Laozao) and analyze and compare their nutritional and volatile components. [Methods] Process parameters for co-fermentation of bamboo shoots with sweet rice wine residue are optimized using single-factor analysis, Plackett-Burman design, and Box-Behnken response surface methodology. The nutritional and flavor characteristics of the optimized product are compared with those of naturally fermented bamboo shoots. [Results] The optimized fermentation conditions are as follows:lactic acid bacteria inoculum of 0.20%, salt content of 5.00%, calcium chloride addition of 0.07%, and sweet rice wine residue dosage of 16.00%. Under …

Optimization Of Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des ) Extraction Process For Astaxanthin From Haematococcus Pluvialis And Evaluation Of Its Antioxidant Activity, Wang Fanghong, Wang Meng, Zhao Xiaoyan, Feng Jinghui, Liu Hongkai

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To optimize the extraction process of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis with deep eutectic solvent (DES) and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracted astaxanthin. [Methods] The choline chloride-ethylene glycol system is employed to optimize the astaxanthin extraction process from H.pluvialis through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, with extraction rate as the key indicator. The DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of astaxanthin are determined, followed by assessment of preservation effects on fresh-cut apples. [Results] The optimal process parameters for the extraction of astaxanthin from H.pluvialis by choline chloride-ethylene glycol are determined as follows: solvent water content of 10%, …

Can I Freeze-Dry That? A Practical Guide To Safe And Effective Freeze-Drying, Victoria Carlile, Morgan Wayment, Jose Brandao

All Current Publications

Freeze-drying can preserve most everyday foods, but not all foods work well. Whether you are preparing for a long trip or are interested in long-term storage, it is important to know which food can be freeze-dried safely and which ones should not be attempted. This knowledge helps ensure food safety, quality, and success. This fact sheet provides information on how freeze-drying works, the risks involved, and which foods can be more challenging to freeze-dry.

Interprofessional Collaboration In Inpatient Rehabilitation For Patient With Thiamine Deficiency-Related Sensorimotor And Cognitive Deficits – Case Report, Christina Thomas, Tahreem Hashmi, Joanne Delgado-Lebron, Rania Massad

Journal of Interprofessional Practice and Collaboration

Purpose: We aim to describe the clinical presentation, interprofessional management, and functional outcomes of a patient with thiamine deficiency. Problem: Thiamine deficiency can result in peripheral polyneuropathy and cognitive deficits that limit function and participation. Despite deficits that warrant interprofessional neurorehabilitation, previous reports focus narrowly on medical management. Case: A 36-year-old female was admitted to inpatient rehabilitation with a diagnosis of Guillain Barre. She underwent evaluation by the interprofessional team that revealed cognitive deficits inconsistent with Guillain Barre. Further medical workup identified a thiamine deficiency. Comprehensive treatment included supplementation managed by the physiatrist; promotion of motor learning and neuroplasticity to …

Changing Climate, Changing Rights: How The Unitedstates Can Learn From The Emergence Of The Right To A Healthy Environment In Colombia And India, Jasmine Furin

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

The right to a healthy environment embodies the idea that environmental protection and the enjoyment of human rights are connected. As this concept has developed, authorities around the world have described the contours of this right in various ways. The right to a healthy environment generally includes a safe climate, clean air, healthy ecosystems, biodiversity, access to safe water, healthy and sustainable food, non-toxic environments, access to information, public participation in decision-making, and access to justice. Thus, the right to a healthy environment is unique because it provides individuals with a more complete set of protections against environmental harms compared …

Cultivating Global Citizenship At Home: A Content Analysis Of Collaborative Online International Learning (Coil), Allison Freed, Evan W. Faidley, Valerie G. Couture, K. Adele Okoli, Leticia De La Garza, Adriian Gardner, Crystal Harris, Leah Horton, Brittany N. Saviers, Sunjung Kim Thao, Amber Wilson

International Journal of Transformative Teaching and Learning in Higher Education

This study presents a content analysis of scholarly works on collaborative online international learning (COIL) published between 2015 and 2023. Conducted by an interdisciplinary faculty group, the research explores how COIL literature frames student learning outcomes within internationalization-at-home efforts. Findings reveal that COIL most frequently supports assignments/projects, as well as intercultural communication and global competence, particularly at the undergraduate level. The analysis highlights COIL’s potential to democratize global learning by addressing access barriers for both students and faculty. The study calls for expanded research on the long-term impacts of COIL, inclusive pedagogies, and cross-institutional collaborations to advance global citizenship in …

High-Dose Oral Pyrophosphate Inhibits Connective Tissue Calcification In Abcc6 Null Mice But May Affect Bone Structure, Ibtesam Rajpar, Nicholas Yancy, Jacob Beiriger, Christina Shao, Syed Naqvi, Deana Mancuso, Fatemeh Niaziorimi, Ryan E Tomlinson, Koen Van De Wetering

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare inherited disorder marked by abnormal calcium phosphate deposition in soft connective tissues, particularly the skin, arteries, and eyes. It is caused by inactivating mutations in the ABCC6 gene, which encodes a hepatic efflux transporter. Loss of ABCC6 function leads to reduced plasma levels of pyrophosphate (PPi), a key inhibitor of calcification, thereby promoting ectopic mineralization. Oral PPi therapy has emerged as a potential treatment, but its effectiveness is uncertain. Most ingested PPi is hydrolyzed in the gut to inorganic phosphate, which may worsen calcification. Moreover, its impact on mineralized tissues remains largely unexplored. Abcc6−/− …

Data Visualization In Private Sector University Libraries In Sindh, Pakistan, Sadaf Shahid, Rafat Parveen Siddiqui

Libraries

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to know the understanding of librarians about data visualization, the perceptions of the librarians toward this new and emerging trend and know the librarian’s capabilities in the use of data visualization tools and its impact on their library services.
Design/methodology/approach – To acquire the desired results, a survey was conducted using a quantitative approach. The study’s target audience was the library professional staff at private sector university libraries in Sindh, Pakistan. All respondents were sent an e-mail inviting them to participate in the survey on their own time.
Findings – The sample …

Global Insight 2026, Masey Smith, Chance Carden, Hayley Pounds

Books

Global Insight 2026 is the annual publication of the International Institute at Mississippi State University, documenting the university’s global engagement across education, research, service, and institutional partnerships. This issue highlights Mississippi State University’s international impact through faculty‑led study abroad programs, international research and development initiatives, global fellowships, and comprehensive international student support services. Featured content includes narrative case studies of student and faculty experiences abroad, data‑driven insights into study abroad participation and international enrollment trends, and in‑depth examinations of international research collaborations spanning Africa, Latin America, Europe, and Asia. The magazine also showcases the work of the English Language Institute …

Investigating The Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Towards Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In A Student Population In The United Kingdom: A Quantitative Study, Philip Boadu Anim

Theses

Aim: To explore the knowledge on the risk factors, signs and symptoms, management, and complications of Diabetes, attitudes, and practices towards prevention of Diabetes Mellitus among university students in the United Kingdom.

Methods: The researcher utilised a quantitative study design in carrying out the study. The study was conducted at Cardiff Metropolitan University with Cardiff Met students being the target population. Thirty (30) participants were recruited through convenient sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires using closed ended questions. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 27 as used to analyse the data collected. Statics were performed to form a …

Impact Of Apitegromab On Motor Function In Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Jordyn Linfield, Ashley Jacob, Haylee Whyde, Owen Fox, Kaitlyn Bowden, Connor Dains, Brenna Hissong, Manoranjan D'Souza

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder characterized by the progressive loss of alpha motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness, atrophy, and impaired motor function.¹ SMA remains an extensive and difficult-to-treat condition, with only three disease-modifying therapies currently available to patients. A new investigational agent with a unique mechanism of action, apitegromab (SRK-015), has shown promising results in recent clinical trials. The safety and efficacy of apitegromab in patients with SMA have been explored in several clinical trials, with the TOPAZ and SAPPHIRE studies being the most notable. This …

Alcohol And The Endocrine System: A Critical Review Of Disruptions, Potential Mechanisms, And Health Implications, Patricia E. Molina, Liz Simon

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

The endocrine system coordinates and integrates cellular activity throughout the body by regulating cellular and organ function and maintaining homeostasis. Homeostasis, the dynamic maintenance of internal balance despite changing external or internal conditions, is essential for proper cellular function. The endocrine system achieves this through a complex regulatory network of hormone-mediated signaling among multiple endocrine organs, relying on precisely regulated synthesis and release of hormones and specific hormone-receptor interactions. Endocrine-mediated actions coordinate critical physiological processes, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, stress adaptation, and circadian rhythms throughout the lifespan. Endocrine glands—such as the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid glands, pancreas, adrenal glands, and …

Development Of An Educational Intervention To Enhance Nurses’ Knowledge And Intent To Implement Evidence-Based Diabetes Self-Management In Clinical Practice, Anne Marie Sieyou Ngouane

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project was purposed with closing critical gaps in staff knowledge and adherence to diabetes self-management protocols in a busy primary care clinic. Rising readmission rates and uneven use of American Diabetes Association (ADA) standards signaled an urgent need for a structured approach to staff education. To address this, a one-hour interactive training session was created that blended teaching, evidence-based handouts, and a practical diabetes care checklist. Staff learning was measured through pretest and posttest, confidence and adherence used a 5-point Likert-scale survey, and 21day readmission data tracked patient outcomes. The project question asked if …

Evaluation Of Unmet Needs Of Vulnerable Populations And At-Risk Communities Through Disaster Management Planning, Ryan Austin Crowe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This community-based non-profit organization aimed to aid those most in need by providing critical social services. The client organization has been selected numerous times as a recipient of federal disaster case management programs, often not until a year after the disaster, resulting in distrust of the federal government and organizations contracted to perform recovery services. Providing services to areas impacted has been difficult due to contract delays. The practice research question addressed in this study was: How can a client organization address the one-year service gap frequently associated with federal contracts through a disaster management planning system? The purpose of …

High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I And Frailty: Associations With The Frailty Index And Fried Phenotype In Older Women, Jedd Pratt, Abadi K. Gebre, Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo, Elsa Dent, Trent Bozanich, Wai E. Lim, Elizabeth Byrnes, Julee Mcdonagh, Caleb Ferguson, Craig Sale, Kun Zhu, Carl Schultz, Richard L. Prince, Joshua R. Lewis, Marc Sim

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Despite the nexus between cardiovascular health and frailty, the relevance of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI), a biomarker of myocardial injury, to frailty is poorly understood. We examined whether hs-cTnI concentrations were associated with frailty in a well-characterized cohort of older women. A total of 1151 community-dwelling women from the Perth Longitudinal Study of Aging Women (mean age ± SD = 75.2 ± 2.7 years) were included. Frailty was operationalized using a validated frailty index (FI) of cumulative deficits and a modified Fried phenotype. Plasma hs-cTnI were categorized into quartiles. Cross-sectional associations between hs-cTnI quartiles and frailty were assessed using …

Effects Of Acute And Multi-Day Beetroot Juice Supplementation On Power And Velocity Of Ncaa Division I Baseball Players, Justin M. Foster, Raymond T. Gerardo, Sydney N. Brennan, Trevor J. Molnar, Ryan Tran, Kyle S. Geppert, Christopher B. Sottile, Michael Egiazarian, Abigail F. Ballhagen, Stewart D. Gonzalez, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Dietary nitrate supplementation can enhance power via modulating type II muscle fiber contractility; however, no study has examined the ergogenic potential of nitrate in elite level power-based athletes that heavily rely on type II muscle fiber activation such as baseball players. Moreover, there are no nitrate dosing guidelines available for elite level athletes. PURPOSE: To investigate if acute and multi-day nitrate supplementation influences power and velocity during barbell back squat and barbell bench press in elite level baseball players. METHODS: Eighteen male collegiate baseball athletes (NCAA Division I) reported to the laboratory for 6 visits over ~8 weeks, and were …

Effect Of Sodium Bicarbonate On Gastrointestinal Injury During Repeated Sprints In The Heat, Ozan Kumbasar, Jonathan W. Specht, Marissa Ramirez, Jennifer Raef, Mackenzie Schwartz, Alyssa R. Bailly, Oscar Chavez Jr., Jade X. Dawson, Jessica Apodaca, Raul Freire, Withley C. Atkins, Flávio De Castro Magalhães, Jason Siegler, Fabiano T. Amorim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sodium bicarbonate (SB) is a widely used supplement that can enhance repeat sprint performance; however, a common side effect is gastrointestinal (GI) distress. Exercise in the heat can cause intestinal injury and endotoxemia, but no study has examined whether SB heightens this injury. PURPOSE: To determine whether SB ingestion exacerbates intestinal discomfort, injury, and endotoxemia during repeated sprints in the heat. METHODS: Ten endurance-trained athletes (6 male) completed randomized, counterbalanced, double-blind trials in which they ingested capsules containing SB (0.2 g·kg⁻¹ body mass) or placebo following a high-carbohydrate meal. The trials consisted of a 22-min warm-up followed by …

Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Worsens Resistance Exercise Performance In Resistance-Trained Females, Sydney N. Brennan, Raymond T. Gerardo, Trevor J. Molnar, Justin M. Foster, Ryan Tran, Kyle S. Geppert, Christopher B. Sottile, Michael Egiazarian, Abigail F. Ballhagen, Stewart D. Gonzalez, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Dietary nitrate supplementation appears to preferentially target type II muscle fibers for beneficial effects; however, research examining the efficacy of nitrate in females and resistance exercise is scarce. PURPOSE: To investigate if dietary nitrate, provided as concentrated nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR), improved resistance exercise performance in back squat and bench press compared to nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (PL) in resistance-trained females. METHODS: Eighteen resistance-trained females aged reported to the lab for a total of four visits over a 2-week period. Participants performed a one repetition maximum protocol (1RM) and familiarization to the experimental protocol, and were assigned in a randomized, double-blind …

Acute And Chronic Dietary Nitrate Supplementation On Resistance Exercise Performance In Healthy Resistance-Trained Adults., Trevor J. Molnar, Sydney N. Brennan, Justin M. Foster, Ryan Tran, Raymond T. Gerardo, Kyle S. Geppert, Christopher B. Sottile, Michael Egiazarian, Abigail F. Ballhagen, Stewart D. Gonzalez, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The efficacy of dietary nitrate supplementation for enhancing resistance exercise remains unclear, and nitrate dosing guidelines are relatively unexplored. PURPOSE: To determine whether acute and chronic dietary nitrate supplementation, provided in the form of nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR), can improve resistance exercise performance in resistance-trained males. METHODS: Thirty-six resistance-trained males and females will be recruited. Participants will complete a standardized one-repetition maximum (1RM) test in barbell back squat and barbell bench press and a familiarization prior to experimental visits. In a randomized, double-blind, controlled, fashion, participants will complete two conditions of 14-day supplementation periods to consume: (1) nitrate-depleted beetroot juice …