Digital Commons Network^™

Balsa Bridge, Caleb T. Lovett

All Undergraduate Projects

The problem presented throughout this report was to create a small-scale bridge made entirely out of balsa wood and glue, that could withstand substantial force, as well as perform a lifting/lowering cycle. Other requirements associated with the bridge were properties of weight, deflection, size, and shape. This problem presented a challenge that tested the mathematical side of engineering, being strongly reliant on statics, mechanics of materials, and mechanical design analyses.

To approach this problem, the first step was to complete in depth calculations of the chosen design. With this done, manufacturing and assembly was able to be completed. With a …

Lipschitz Stability For Impulsive Riemann–Liouville Fractional Differential Equations, Martin Bohner, Snezhana Hristova

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Initial and impulsive conditions for initial value problems of systems of nonlinear impulsive Riemann–Liouville fractional differential equations are introduced. The case when the lower limit of the fractional derivative is changed at each time point of the impulses is studied. In the case studied, the solution has a singularity at the initial time and at any point of the impulses. This leads to the need to appropriately generalize the classical concept of Lipschitz stability. Two derivative types of Lyapunov functions are utilized in order to deduce sufficient conditions for the new stability concept. Three examples are provided for illustration purpose …

Socioeconomic Status And Health Disparities Drive Differences In Accelerometer-Derived Physical Activity In Fatty Liver Disease And Significant Fibrosis, Lucia Tabacu, Sajag Swami, Mark Ledbetter, Mohamad S. Siddiqui, Ekaterina Smirnova

Internal Medicine Publications

Background and aims: The cornerstone of clinical management of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are lifestyle changes such as increasing physical activity (PA) aimed at improving cardiometabolic risk. To inform NAFLD prevention and treatment guidelines we aimed to: (i) quantify the role of PA on lowering the risk for NAFLD and fibrosis; (ii) characterize NAFLD and fibrosis association with PA in the context of socioeconomic environment.

Methods: A sample of 2648 participants from the NHANES 2003–2006 was selected to develop survey weighted multivariable logistic regression models for predicting NAFLD and significant fibrosis, diagnosed non-invasively via fatty …

Soil And Fertiliser Management For Orchards In The Manjimup District, Neil Lantzke, Simon Yeap, Lukasz Kotula, B Goldspink, Valeria Almeida Lima, John Kammann

Horticulture research reports

This publication aims to give orchardists a broad understanding of the soils in the Manjimup district. It provides information on soil and fertiliser management that will assist in the sustainable production of fruit crops. This document was prepared for a Soils Course for horticulturalists, that was held in September 2023 at Manjimup Horticultural Research Centre.

The Manjimup local government area (LGA) is the most important horticultural district in Western Australia, particularly for fruit and in 2020 the total value of horticultural production was valued at $236 million (Figure 1). Avocados and apples were the most valuable horticultural crops, valued at …

Factors Associated With Acoustic Bat Presence During Spring Emergence In The Appalachian Mountains Of Western Virginia, Emily Kirk Pody

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Studies of threats that bats face during hibernation have increased in response to white-nose syndrome (WNS), a fungal disease that has ravaged North American bat populations. However, impacts of WNS on bat ecology during spring emergence, when bats are potentially recovering from infection and allocating resources for reproduction, is relatively understudied. As more bat species become listed at the federal and state level, the need to understand the factors associated with spring emergence is critical for improving conservation guidelines and habitat management practices. Acoustic monitoring is an efficient method for monitoring bat presence for prolonged periods of time, giving biologists …

Young Citizens’ Views And Engagement In A Changing Europe: Iea International Civic And Citizenship Education Study 2022 European Report, Valeria Damiani, Bruno Losito, Gabriella Agrusti, Wolfram Schulz

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The IEA's International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) investigates the ways in which young people around the world are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens. This report presents the European results from the third cycle of the study (ICCS 2022). Eighteen countries and two benchmarking participants (the German states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein) administered the European student questionnaire to target grade students in this study cycle. ICCS 2022 studied contexts for and learning outcomes of civic and citizenship education in a wide range of national contexts at the beginning of the third decade of the 21st Century. …

Identifying Untapped Legal Capacity To Promote Multi‑Level And Cross‑Sectoral Coordination Of Natural Resource Governance, Nicola Harvey, Ahjond Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, Anoeska Buijze, Marleen Van Rijswick

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Natural resource governance in the face of climate change represents one of the seminal challenges of the Anthropocene. A number of innovative approaches have been developed in, among others, the fields of ecology, governance, and sustainability sciences for managing uncertainty and scarcity through a coordinated approach to natural resource governance. However, the absence of an enabling legal and regulatory framework has been identified in the literature as one of the primary barriers constraining the formal operationalization of these governance approaches. In this paper, we show how these approaches provide tools for analyzing procedural mandates across governmental levels and sectors in …

Cluster Analysis Integration Model With Survival Analysis For Late Payment Of House Ownership Loan (Case Study: House Ownership Loan Bank X Customer), A. Zahra, A. A. R. Fernandes, A. B. Astuti

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

This is the abstract, usually it does not have references. Usually the reader will read this part first to know what this paper is about and decide upon it to continue reading or not. The font of main text is 10 Times New Roman with single line spacing of 6 pt after and 0 pt before. The titles of sections are font 12, bold and they have single line spacing of 6pt before, 12 pt after, subsections are font 12, Italic and they have single line spacing of 6pt before, 12 pt after. Both upper line and lower line enclosing …

Parameters And Reliability Estimation Of Left Truncated Gumbel Distribution Under Progressive Type Ii Censored With Repairable Mechanical Equipment Data, Samia A. Salem, Osama E. Abo-Kasem, Rania M. Agwa

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

The estimation of two parameters of the left truncated Gumbel distribution using the progressive type II censoring scheme is discussed. We first derived the maximum likelihood estimators of the unknown parameters. The approximate asymptotic variance-covariance matrix and approximate confidence intervals based on the asymptotic normality of the classical estimators are calculated. Also, the survival and hazard functions are derived. Further, the delta method is used to construct approximate confidence intervals for survival and hazard functions. Using the left truncated normal prior for the location parameter and an inverted gamma prior for the scale parameter, several Bayes estimates based on squared …

Estimating Seasonal Moving Average Model Using Bayesian Approach, E. A. Ahmed, H. M. Abd-Elgaber, R. A. Farghali

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

This paper utilizes the Gibbs sampling technique to develop a Bayesian inference for Seasonal Moving Average (SMA) model, which includes parameters that distinguish between Multiplicative and Non-multiplicative models (referred to as Augmented Seasonal Moving Average hereafter). The construction of Bayesian inference involves several steps. Firstly, the method of Non-linear least squares (NLS) is used to estimate unknown lagged errors, allowing for the approximation of the complex likelihood function. Secondly, both a semi-conjugate prior distribution and a non- informative prior distribution are applied to the unknown parameters and initial errors. Thirdly, the prior distributions are combined with the approximated likelihood function …

Estimation Of Kumaraswamy Distribution Parameters Using The Principle Of Maximum Entropy, M. R. Mahmoud, A. M. Saad

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

This paper proposes using maximum entropy approach to estimate the parameters of the Kumaraswamy distribution subject to moment constraints. Kumaraswamy [7] introduced the double pounded probability density function which was originally used to model hydrological phenomena. It was mentioned that this probability density function is applicable to bounded natural phenomena which have values on two sides. The distribution share several properties with the beta distribution and it has the extra advantages that is possesses a closed form distribution function, but it remained unknown to most statisticians until it was developed by Jones [6] as a beta-type distribution with some tractability …

Sampling Plan For Lab Extracted Beverages Data With Multiple Dependent States Using The Odd Log-Logistic Distribution, Arnold Kabyemela Fulment, Gadde Srinivasa Rao, Josephat Kirigiti Peter

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

In this paper, we propose a Multiple Dependent State Sampling (MDSS) plan for decision-making on lot acceptance/rejection based on properties of current and preceding lots sampled. The plan uses the Odd Log-Logistic Generalized Exponentiated (OLLGE) distribution to determine the median life of the product through a truncated-time life test. Optimal parameters such as sample size, acceptance/rejection numbers, and preceding lots are obtained using the operating characteristic curve (OC-curve). The plan’s performance is compared to that of single sampling (SS) plans using Lab Extracted Beverages data sets on carbon dioxide pressure (MPa).

Bayesian Survival Analysis Of Recovery For Tuberculosis Patients In Bulsa Traditional Area, Joseph Akanliksiuk Akan-Nyaatemi, Dioggban Jakperik, Mathias Akamba

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection that affect the lungs and caused majorly by a bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The study sought to discover factors that influence recovery of patients using Bayesian Continuous-Time Survival model and the Log-logistic model. The factors that were seen to be linked to treatment outcome are; Age, treatment time, smear results and HIV. It was further realized that, age, HIV and their interactions were significant determinants of TB treatment outcomes in the Bulsa traditional area. The recoveries for males and females were 79.32%, and 87.32% respectively. Also, the recovery for children(100%), adults(81.28%), and aged …

Forecasting The Climate Change Through The Distributions Of Solar Radiation And Maximum Temperature, M. M. El Genidy, E. A. Hebeshy, B. S. El-Desouky, R. S. Gomaa

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

The climate change crisis is negatively affecting the world and is the focus of many researchers attention for its life-threatening economic and climate impact on Earth. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the joint distribution function (EFXY) of both daily solar radiation (S) and daily maximum temperature (T) along with the Markov property. In this study, three-parameter distributions have been utilized with S and T, which are generalized extreme value (GEV) and Weibull (W-3P), respectively. Each of these parameters and the joint distribution function (𝐹(𝑋, 𝑌)) have been estimated. Four real data of S and T in Queensland, Australia during …

Time Series Forecasting Of New Cases For Covid-19 Pandemic In Jordan Using Enhanced Hybrid Emd-Arima, Ahmad M. Awajan, Bilal Al-Hasanat, Elarbi Elkaroui, Ayed Al E’Damat, Remal S. Al-Gounmeein, Abdullah S. Al- Jawarneh

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

In this study, the enhanced hybrid empirical mode decomposition with autoregressive integrated moving average (EMD- ARIMA) method is proposed and applied to forecast daily new COVID-19 reported cases in Jordan. The EMD method is applied to decompose the COVID-19 data into a number of IMFs components as a simple time series. Then, the appropriate ARIMA(p,d,q) model is applied to evaluate the forecasting value for the low-frequency components. Then, the forecasting results are collected together. Data for this study are collected from the Jordanian Ministry of Health. Seven forecasting accuracy measures are employed to compare the forecasting results of the proposed …

Discrete Half-Logistic Distribution: Statistical Properties, Estimation, And Application, Abd-Elmonem A. M. Teamah, Ahmed A. Elbanna, Ahmed M. Gemeay

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

This article presented a novel discrete distribution with one parameter derived by the discretization approach and called the discrete half-logistic distribution. Its probability mass function and hazard function have different shapes. A variety of its statistical properties, including moments, probability generating function, incomplete moments, and order statistics, were determined mathematically. Maximum likelihood, moments, and proportion estimation methods were used to estimate its parameter. A simulation study conducts to check the various estimating method’s performance. By using a real data set, its flexibility is assessed. Lastly, it can model count data sets in a way that is compared with other distributions …

Markov Models On Share Price Movements In Nigeria Stock Market Capitalization, Bright O. Osu, Sandra C. Emenyonu, Chisara P. Ogbogbo, Chidinma Olunkwa

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

The stock markets trends can impact companies in different ways. The rise and fall of share price values affect a company?s market capitalization and therefore its market value, and are exposed to market risk. This study assumed share volatility as a stochastic process with Markov property. Thus proposed a first order, time homogenuous Markov chain model for trend prediction of two banks; that is Fidelity bank and Access bank closing share prices from 1-4-2016 to 23 -03-2022. The prediction was done by establishing three states that exist in stock price change which are share prices increase, decline (decrease) or steady. …

Applications Of Fractional Supersaturated Process And Factor Analysis In The Systemic Risks Of Financial Fraud, Talal Abdulrahman Alanazi, Abdulmohsen O Alshammari

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

Fraud is defined as an act committed to deceive people and undermine their trust in financial institutions. The effects of fraud in government financial institutions, the private sector, and at the societal level show that it deeply feeds the economy. Objective. This study aims to shed light on the effects of financial fraud, measure its impact, and determine means to control it. Methods and Materials. This study considered a survey and a questionnaire was used to collect primary data. The total number of participants included in the questionnaire was 77. Two methods were used to search for the real effects …

E-Bayesian And Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation Of Hazard Rate For Kumaraswamy Distribution, Hemani Sharma, Parmil Kumar

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

In this article, with the use of the Bayesian, Expected Bayesian, and H-Bayesian estimation methods, the shape parameter and hazard rate of the Kumaraswamy distribution are calculated. Three separate loss functions the Squared Error loss function(SELF), the Precautionary loss function(PLF), and the Asymmetry loss function(ALF) along with an informative prior the Gamma prior are used to provide the estimates . The definitions and properties of the proposed estimators are given. Monte Carlo simulation is used to compare all of the estimates in terms of mean square error (MSE). Taking data from the real world, different estimation methodologies’ efficacy has also …

The Relationship Between Social Aversion And Bullying Behavior And The Social And Psychological Adjustment Of The Infected And The Recovered From Corona Virus, A. A. Al-Harthy

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

This study aimed at finding out the relationship between social aversion and bullying and the social and psychological adjustment of a sample of university students who were infected or recovered from corona virus. Three measures were developed by the researcher (a. social aversion measure, b. bullying behavior measure and c. the social and psychological adjustment measure). These measures were administered to a sample of (210) students (101 infected and 109 recovered). Results showed significant positive correlation between social aversion and social and psychological adjustment of both the infected and the recovered students. There was also a significant correlation between bullying …

A New Log Lindley Distribution With Applications, Fatimah S, A, Alzawq, Ahmed K, Elkholy, Abdul Hadi N. Ahmed

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

This paper introduces a new generalization of the Lindley distribution introduced by [1], using the basic idea of [2] and along the lines of [3]. The new distribution is a compound of the Lindley and logarithmic distributions. We refer to the new model as the logarithmic-Lindley (Log-L) distribution. This model is capable of modeling various shapes of aging and failure criteria. The properties of the Log-L model are discussed, and the maximum likelihood estimation method is used to evaluate the parameters involved. Finally, the usefulness of the new model for modeling reliability data is illustrated using a two real data …

Formulating An Efficient Statistical Test Using The Goodness Of Fit Approach With Applications To Real-Life Data, S. A. Qaid, S. E. Abo Youssef, M. M. M. Mansour

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

Statistical tests are very important for researchers to make decisions. In particular, when the tests are non- parametric, they are of greater importance because they can be applied to a wide range of data sets regardless of knowing the distribution of these data. Researchers are therefore racing to obtain efficient tests for making good decisions based on the results of these tests. In this study, NBU (2)L was used based on the goodness of fit approach to present an efficient statistical test. The efficiency of the proposed test was computed, and the results were compared to those of other tests. …

Evaluation Of The Quality Of E-Learning Platforms Used In Educating Kindergarten Children Distantly During The Coronavirus Pandemic, Samia M. Shahpo, Noha. H. Alfadil, Nora. A. Almadani, Hanaa. A. Abualsoud, Munira. S. Alshehri, Asrar. Kh. Alghamdi

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

During the coronavirus pandemic, and for the first time, ministries of education in many countries have resorted to electronic education platforms for kindergarten children as a safe alternative to face-to-face education. This shift to distance education is still used partly in the education process, even after the end of the pandemic. The current study aimed to consider this unique experience by evaluating the quality of the Rawdaty" platform, which is one of the e-learning platforms launched by the Saudi Ministry of Education during the coronavirus pandemic, to ensure the continuation of the educational process in kindergartens. The analytical descriptive approach …

True Integer Valued Autoregressive Model With Skellam Distribution, M. M. Gabr, M. A. Darwish, H. A. Hashem, L. M. Fatehy

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

In the present article, we introduce a new true integer valued autoregressive model of order one TPDINAR(1) for data sets on Z and either positive or negative correlations based on the Poisson difference (Skellam) marginal distribution and using a random walk variable (It). Properties of the model are derived. We consider several methods for estimating the unknown parameters of the model, and their properties are discussed. Simulations are carried out for the performance of these estimators for illustrative purposes. Finally, the analysis of real life time series data is presented, and its performance is compared to two different INAR(1) models …

Early Childhood Mathematics Curriculum In The Light Of The Standards Of The National Council Of Mathematics Teachers, Rania H. Elwan, Ibtesam A. Y. Hussain, Hanan A. A. Ebrahim, Norhan A, H. H. Nounou, Sabrin A. Labib, Raghad F. A. Alqahtani

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

This study aims at exploring the preschool mathematics curriculum in light of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards. The study researched a sample of (140) preschool educators. An analysis of the mathematical content of preschool Self-Learning curriculum was conducted, and Saudi preschool educators were surveyed, in terms of their educational practices, and the processes used in teaching mathematics in their classes In accordance with the U.S. national standards for mathematicians, it means the methods in which children interact with sports content or content, namely (problem solving- communication- logical thinking - representation - Connection), where the study showed that …

An Approximate Model For Total Amount Of Non-Life Insurance Claims Using Generalized Gamma Distribution And H-Function, E. Abderrahim, C. Toufik, E. Youness, E. Mostafa

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

This article proposes an analytical method to approximate the probability density function (PDF) and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the total amount of non-life claims to be paid by the insurer over a financial period considered. The individual claims amounts are independent positive random variables following the generalized gamma distribution (GGD) and distributed in a non-identical manner. The analytical approach suggested relies on the Fox H-function. The Fox H-function has various applications available in the literature. The method developed has demonstrated its performance both in respect of the result obtained (in comparison to the Monte-Carlo method) and in respect …

Residual And Past Entropies Of Concomitants From Lai And Xie Extensions Of Case-Ii Of Generalized Order Statistics And Its Dual, A. Gamal, S. M. El-Arishy, L. S. Diab, Mohamed Said Mohamed

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

In this article, we consider a new extensions of Morgenstern family is Lai and Xie extensions and discuss their concomitants for case-II of generalized order statistics and case-II of dual generalized order statistics. Additionally, recurrence relation between moments is found for the recommended models. We have also derived the expression for the joint distribution of concomitants for case-II of generalized order statistics and its dual. The residual and past entropies are shown last.

Navigating The Complexities: A Comprehensive Analysis Of Special Education, Jaycee Cribbs West

Integrated Studies

The availability of special education is evidence of how society is coming to appreciate inclusion and diversity. This research begins a thorough examination of the complex field of special education, including its historical foundations, the range of impairments it addresses, the rules and regulations guiding its application, and the cutting-edge strategies influencing its future. To clarify the revolutionary path towards fair educational possibilities for people with disabilities by looking at historical turning points, such as the institutionalization era and the emergence of inclusive educational practices. The various impairments that are handled in special education, each with their own set of …

Science Teaching Efficacy And Science Outcome Expectancy Among Early Childhood Preservice Teachers: Effects Of Constructivist Beliefs Vs. Traditional Beliefs, Hyunjin Kim

College of Education Faculty Publications

This study examined early childhood preservice teachers’ perceived science teaching efficacy and its association with their teaching beliefs (constructivist and traditional beliefs). The participants included 181 preservice teachers enrolled in an early childhood teacher education program at a university in the Midwestern United States. Information was collected using the Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs Instrument – Preservice (STEBI-B) and Teaching Beliefs Survey (TBS). The results revealed that the preservice teachers were efficacious about their science teaching, showing a negative relation with traditional teaching beliefs and no statistically significant relation with constructivist teaching beliefs. The results of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that …

Bridging Gaps In Image Meme Research: A Multidisciplinary Paradigm For Scaling Up Qualitative Analyses, Mridula Mascarenhas, Daniel Ari Friedman, Richard J. Cordes

HCOM Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper outlines a multidisciplinary framework (Digital Rhetorical Ecosystem or DRE3) for scaling up qualitative analyses of image memes. First, we make a case for applying rhetorical theory to examine image memes as quasi-arguments that promote claims on a variety of political and social issues. Next, we argue for integrating rhetorical analysis of image memes into an ecological framework to trace interaction and evolution of memetic claims as they coalesce into evidence ecosystems that inform public narratives. Finally, we apply a computational framework to address the particular problem of claim identification in memes at large scales. Our integrated framework answers …