Digital Commons Network^™

Variability In Performance Of Genetic-Enhanced Dxa-Bmd Prediction Models Across Diverse Ethnic And Geographic Populations: A Risk Prediction Study, Yong Liu, Xiang-He Meng, Chong Wu, Kuan-Jui Su, Anqi Liu, Qing Tian, Lan-Juan Zhao, Chuan Qiu, Zhe Luo, Martha I Gonzalez-Ramirez, Hui Shen, Hong-Mei Xiao, Hong-Wen Deng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a major global health issue, weakening bones and increasing fracture risk. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the standard for measuring bone mineral density (BMD) and diagnosing osteoporosis, but its costliness and complexity impede widespread screening adoption. Predictive modeling using genetic and clinical data offers a cost-effective alternative for assessing osteoporosis and fracture risk. This study aims to develop BMD prediction models using data from the UK Biobank (UKBB) and test their performance across different ethnic and geographical populations.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: We developed BMD prediction models for the femoral neck (FNK) and lumbar spine (SPN) using both …

Relationship Between Performance Frameworks In Health Care And Opioid-Exposed Infants' Length Of Stay In New Jersey Hospitals, Nancy Yates Narvell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Substance use, including opioids, during pregnancy may lead to the birth of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). With billions of dollars in annual costs to the U.S. health care system for resource use and hospital length of stay (LOS), federal and state authorities have made improving care and reducing the financial burden of substance use disorders and ramifications of opioid dependence a priority and have incentivized hospitals to improve care delivery and outcomes for this population. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between hospital participation in a performance excellence framework and LOS for substance-exposed …

Technical Considerations In Robotic Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery Resection For Dysphagia Lusoria, Luke Meredith, Emily Isch, Mohammed Ali, Michael Nooromid, Olugbenga Okusanya

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Dysphagia lusoria occurs due to compression of the esophagus as an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) crosses the mediastinum. Surgical management includes open, hybrid, and endovascular techniques, with no consensus gold standard. There are few reports of robotic-assisted ARSA resection. We describe the innovative technique and outcomes for two patients who successfully underwent robotic-assisted transthoracic resection of an ARSA after right carotid–subclavian bypass for dysphagia lusoria. Both patients experienced improvement or resolution of their dysphagia and no major complications. In select patients with a noncalcified origin of the ARSA without aneurysmal degeneration, the robotic-assisted approach represents a viable option.

Staged Endovascular And Open Surgical Approach For Treatment Of A Giant Left Upper Back Arteriovenous Malformation, Nitya Venkat, Avinash Saraiya, M. Irfan Ali, Matthew Jenkins, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris, Babak Abai

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

We present a case of a symptomatic, giant, left upper back arteriovenous malformation that was treated through a staged endovascular and open approach. Through a series of embolizations, followed by resection, we were able to preserve the limb and upper back neurovascular supply, demonstrating an approach to preserve sensation and function and improving quality of life.

Institution-Wide Retreats Foster Organizational Learning And Action At A Comprehensive Cancer Center, Benjamin R Schrank, John A Fuller, Colleen M Gallagher, Van K Morris, Emma B Holliday, Kelly Merriman, Lynne Nguyen, Lou Weaver, Kelly Nelson, Elizabeth Chiao, Albert C Koong, Ernest Hawk, Shine Chang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Providing safe and informed healthcare for sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals with cancer is stymied by the lack of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data reliably available in health records and by insufficient training for staff. Approaches that support institutional learning, especially around sensitive topics, are essential for hospitals seeking to improve practices impacting patient safety and research. We engineered annual institutional retreats to identify and unify stakeholders, promote awareness of gaps and needs, identify initiatives, minimize redundant projects, and coordinate efforts that promote improvements in SGM cancer care, education, and research. The 2022 and 2023 retreats employed …

Segmentation And Isolation Of Brain Tumors Using Different Images Segmentation Methods, Ahlam A. Hussain, Sarmad.H. Mahal, Ban S. Ismael

Baghdad Science Journal

Brain tumors are an anomaly growth or mass of cells in or around the brain tissues. Brain tumors are two types either malignant (cancerous) or benign (noncancerous), all of these can affect children and adults. Tumors of the brain can impact human brain function if they grow large enough to press on surrounding tissues. Brain tumor is an inherently serious and life threatening. The brain tumor diagnosis is depending on the specialist, but it may give different diagnoses which may vary from one specialist to another depending on the accurate diagnosis of tumor size. To avoid that, in many cases …

Reverse Phase -High Performance Liquid Chromatography Technique With Ultra-Violet Detector For The Determination Of Tenoxicam And Ibuprofen Drugs In The Pure And Pharmaceutical Tablets, Allaa Hussein Mhdi, Sadeem Subhi Abed

Baghdad Science Journal

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) equipped with an ultraviolet (UV) detector is capable of detecting drugs in trace amounts. In this study, a simple and rapid method for quantifying tenoxicam (TNX) and ibuprofen (IBU) in pure and pharmaceutical samples was developed and validated. The target analytes assessed in the present study were separated with a C18 column (HPLC column, 5 µm, 150 × 4.6 mm). Acetonitrile and acidified water [0.7 mL of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in 1000 mL water at 50/50%] were employed as the mobile phase at a 1 ml/min flow rate and a 20 µl sample injection volume …

Fake News Detection Model Basing On Machine Learning Algorithms, Mohammed A. Taha, Haider D. A. Jabar, Widad K. Mohammed

Baghdad Science Journal

The rapid growth of the internet and easy communication has made it quick and simple to create and spread news. Social media users now generate and share more information than before, but some of it is false and unrelated to reality. Detecting false information in text is challenging, even for experts who need to consider multiple factors to determine authenticity. Malicious misinformation on social media negatively affects societies, especially during crises like terrorist attacks, riots, and natural disasters. To minimize the harmful impact, it is crucial to identify rumors quickly. This study aims to build a learning model for detecting …

Adsorption Of Bromothymol Blue Dye Onto Bauxite Clay, Asmaa Nihad Zaki, Kawther Ahmed Sadiq, Shaymaa K. Ghati, Jasim M. S. Jamur, Sarab Jassim Mohammed

Baghdad Science Journal

The goal of the current work is to use an inexpensive, non-toxic material with a high water absorption capacity, bauxite clay, to adsorb the bromothymol blue dye from an aqueous solution. In the production of textiles, leather, paint, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, synthetic organic compounds are used as dyes almost exclusively in modern industrial processes. Because to their harmful side effects, which include their inherent carcinogenicity, toxicity, and mutagenicity as well as the results of their biological transformation, these dyes pose a serious hazard to the environment when they are released. Clay minerals are valuable as depolluting agents due to …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Zno Nanoparticles And Their Application On Cotton Fabrics To Obtain Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Mai Ebrahim, Ziad Saffour

Baghdad Science Journal

Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized in a wet chemical manner at two different reaction temperatures 30, 90 ̊C utilizing zinc chloride as precursors in an aqueous medium. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray analysis (XRD), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray patterns pointed to a Wurtzite structure with an average crystalline size of 19.5 nm and 23 nm for the ZnO NPs synthesis at 30 ̊C and 90 ̊C, respectively. SEM showed that with increasing temperature, the morphology of Zinc oxide nanoparticles changed from nanowire to spherical structures. To fabricate super hydrophobic cotton fabric, the fabric …

Antibacterial Efficacy Of 940 Nm Diode Laser Against Cariogenic Bacteria (Tooth Decay-Causing Bacteria), Noha M. Jameel, Hanan J. Taher

Baghdad Science Journal

Dental caries is an extremely prevalent infectious disease caused by gram-positive bacteria mainly streptococcus mutans which is considered the major etiological factor causing dental caries. In recent years, there has been an enormous increase in the use of laser technology in medicine and dentistry and it has been demonstrated to have a considerable antibacterial action with no harm to the oral tissues. The study goal was to assess a diode laser's effectiveness as an antibacterial agent against the bacterium species S. mutans at various doses. The study was performed on streptococcus mutans microorganism at 106 CFU/ml concentration which received irradiation …

In Silico Comparison Of Main Proteinase Inhibitors For Different Coronaviruses, Tahani W. Jihad, Hyffaa Y. Hussien, Mohammed A. M. Ali Qaba, Ghassan Q. Ismail

Baghdad Science Journal

Abstract Coronaviruses are enclosed positive stranded RNA viruses with spike protein protrusions that permit the virus to penetrate and affect host cells. The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), as mortal human CoV illnesses, has sparked considerable interest in the medical community. The fast and global outbreak of a novel human coronavirus generated by a novel progeny of coronavirus 2 (CoV-2) has promoted an urgent need to identify an effective target for COVID-19 treatment. The main proteinase MPro has been prominented as an appealing therapeutic target for coronaviruses, which is responsible …

Analyzing The Two-Phase Heterogeneous And Batch Service Queuing System With Breakdown In Two-Phases, Feedback, And Vacation, S.P. Niranjan, S. Devi Latha

Baghdad Science Journal

Customers are arriving at the system in bulk according to the Poisson process with rate λ1. The batch service process is split into two phases called first essential service (FES) and second essential service (SES) with minimum server capacity ′a′ and maximum server capacity ′b′. Customer who requires feedback after SES completion will be taken immediately for service by the server with probability β.

Development Of Iiot-Based Pd-Maas Using Rnn-Lstm Model With Jelly Fish Optimization In The Indian Ship Building Industry, Pnv Srinivasa Rao, Pvy Jayasree

Baghdad Science Journal

Building and repair of ships are considered the Evergreen industry nationally as well as globally. The ships are generally gone in by the periodic scheduled repairs by the Indian shipbuilding industries. Sometimes industries lack productivity and lack of modernization some modern methods should be followed. The study focuses on the optimization of predictive maintenance as a service on the industrial Internet of Things by machine learning algorithms. The main contribution of the study is the use of optimization techniques for feature selection and RNN-LSTM for improved accuracy. The selected data set is pre-processed and feature selection for the optimization for …

Evaluation Of Antioxidants, Antibacterial And Antidiabetic Activities Of Aqua-Alcoholic Marjoram Extract, Kadhim K. Ghudhaib, Fayhaa M. Khaleel

Baghdad Science Journal

Plant extracts possess special significance towards human health and vital activities for a wide range of diseases. The current study aims at verifying the presence of active ingredients in marjoram leaves extract, and determining antioxidants, antibacterial and antifungal activities, LD50 and its antidiabetic activity. The active ingredients were qualitatively analyzed by specific test methods. Antioxidant, LD50, antibacterial and antifungal activities were measured by their standard method. The antidiabetic activity was determined by assessed hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and liver functions by spectrophotometric methods. The results confirmed the presence of several active components including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins. Also, the results …

Injective Eccentric Domination In Graphs, Riyaz Ur Rehman A, A Mohamed Ismayil

Baghdad Science Journal

The concept of domination has inspired researchers which has contributed to a vast literature on domination. A subset of is said to be a dominating set, if every vertex not in is adjacent to at least one vertex in . The eccentricity of is the distance to a vertex farthest from . Thus . For a vertex each vertex at a distance from is an eccentric vertex. The eccentric set of a vertex is defined as . Let , then is known as an eccentric point set of if for every , has at least one vertex such that . …

Effect Of Thickness On Structural, Morphological, And Optical Properties For Nanocrystalline Thin Films Of Cd1-Xsnxs, For Optoelectronic Applications, Lamia K. Abbas

Baghdad Science Journal

Thin films of Sn1-xCdxS nanocrystals (X=0,0.7, and 1) with different thicknesses 200, 300, and 400 nm were prepared on glass bases at 300 C by the participation method and chemical spray pyrolysis method (CSP). The effect of the concentration of Sn and thickness on the structural and optical properties of the prepared films was studied. The films were characterized to evaluate the structure, transmittance, and optical energy band gap. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies showed that the films were polycrystalline with hexagonal and orthogonal structures. XRD and atomic force measurement results showed that the grain size increases with its thickness. The …

Bowling With Bumper Rails: How Firearms Examiners Have Duped The Courts And Generated Low Error Rates Only By Avoiding Challenging Comparisons, Richard E. Gutierrez

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Black Equal Citizenship And Residential Segregation In The Supreme Court’S Race Jurisprudence, Gabriel J. Chin

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Daca’S Stratified Tracks For Economic Mobility And Lessons For Addressing Immigrants’ Long-Term Inequality, Els De Graauw, Shannon Gleeson

UC Law Journal

Since 2012, the politically tenuous Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program has provided temporary deportation relief and work authorization to over eight hundred thirty-five thousand undocumented young people who fit certain criteria. This Essay draws on one hundred fifteen interviews with DACA applicants in California, New York, and Texas during the heyday of the program to better understand its impacts on recipients’ school and work experiences. We confirm many of the key benefits DACA status has provided to recipients, notably opening doors for them educationally and professionally.

However, our research also confirms DACA’s uneven impacts. Those without four-year college …

The Racial Triangulation Of Asian American Achievement, Vinay Harpalani

UC Law Journal

This Essay employs Professor Claire Jean Kim’s racial triangulation framework to examine how Asian Americans are racialized via academic achievement. It argues that there are two components to the racial triangulation of Asian American achievement. On one hand, Asian Americans are valorized as a “model minority”. We are praised for our achievement and cast as a model for other groups of people of color to follow. This ignores both the different histories of oppression that various groups of color have faced and the vast diversity of experiences among Asian Americans. But on the other hand, Asian Americans are also viewed …

The Kkk, Immigration Law And Policy, And Donald Trump, Kevin Johnson

UC Law Journal

Many Americans know the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) for its horrific acts of violence directed at African Americans. Although generally overshadowed by that violence, the KKK’s vilification of other groups, including immigrants and religious minorities, long has been central to its quest for white Anglo-Saxon supremacy. This Essay analyzes the enduring legacy of the KKK’s immigration philosophy on contemporary American immigration law and politics. Some modern anti- immigrant advocates champion remarkably similar policies to the Klan’s with racial animus on full display. Former President, and the 2024 Republican nominee for President, Donald Trump is an example.

The Importance Of Counting All Immigrants For Apportionment And Redistricting, Tye Rush, Samuel Hall, Matt A. Barreto

UC Law Journal

How are non-citizens counted and accounted for in representation? Section 2 of the Fourteenth Amendment requires that all whole persons residing in a state are to be counted for apportionment and districting. Courts have interpreted Section 2’s requirement to include women (before the Nineteenth Amendment), non-citizens, and people under 18 years old. Yet today, some states are attempting to exclude non-citizens from apportionment and representation by using a citizen population calculus. This stands in contrast to more than 225 years of practice and to nearly all modern legal interpretations of representation. In landmark 1960s cases such as Wesberry v. Sanders …

Political Representation And Economic Rights In The Shadows Of Citizenship, Allison Brownell Tirres

UC Law Journal

In recent years, the remarkable movement for the political rights of undocumented youth—the so- called “DREAMers”—has catalyzed a critical conversation about the economic rights of all noncitizens. A growing number of states have amended their laws in response to advocacy by and for this particular group of noncitizens. This Essay situates this modern legal development in a broader conceptual and historical frame. It reflects on the relationship between economic rights and political aspirations in this movement, as well as in two other key legal developments in immigration history: the passage of anti-Asian alien land laws in the 1910s and 1920s, …

Weep The People, Leti Volpp

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Epilogue: Uc Law Journal – Rice Symposium, Ming Hsu Chen

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

From Uc Hastings To Uc Law Sf: An Examination Of The Renaming Process And Analysis Of Institutional Identity, Oliver Cheng

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Bruen And Its Expansion Of The “Right To Carry” On Terry As A Law Enforcement Tool, Kshitij Mehta

UC Law Journal

In New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen, the Supreme Court expanded the right to carry firearms, specifically handguns, outside the home. Due to the Court’s conservative rulings, combined with lax and open firearm regulatory regimes in several jurisdictions, gun violence continues to create catastrophic consequences in communities across the country. At the same time, law enforcement agencies already struggle to maintain public safety and public trust under current policing systems. With the rise of firearms in the streets, law enforcement will likely resort to, and double down on, their current use of stop and frisk under …

Self-Efficacy And Attitudes Associate With Undergraduates’ Library Research Intentions: A Theoretically-Grounded Investigation, Alex Pfundt, Laurel M. Peterson

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Undergraduates’ use of academic libraries is associated with academic achievement, but library research resources are underutilized, and little is known about what factors contribute to students’ use of these resources. A random sample of undergraduate students from a historically women’s college in the United States (N = 207; 59.2% white; 87.7% female or transfemale, 5.9% gender queer, 5.9% gender non-conforming, and 0.5% other gender) reported on their information literacy self-efficacy, attitudes toward research in undergraduate courses, and behavioral intentions to engage with library resources and services using an anonymous online questionnaire. Controlling for past library research and class year, …

Cortical And Subjective Measures Of Individual Noise Tolerance Predict Hearing Outcomes With Varying Noise Reduction Strength, Subong Kim, Susan Arzac, Natalie Dokic, Jenn Donnelly, Nicole Genser, Kristen Nortwich, Alexis Rooney

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Noise reduction (NR) algorithms are employed in nearly all commercially available hearing aids to attenuate background noise. However, NR processing also involves undesirable speech distortions, leading to variability in hearing outcomes among individuals with different noise tolerance. Leveraging 30 participants with normal hearing engaged in speech-in-noise tasks, the present study examined whether the cortical measure of neural signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)—the amplitude ratio of auditory evoked responses to target speech onset and noise onset—could predict individual variability in NR outcomes with varying strength, thus serving as a reliable indicator of individual noise tolerance. In addition, we also measured subjective ratings of …