Digital Commons Network^™

Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccination To Decrease The Incidence Of Acute Otitis Media In Pediatric Populations Under Five Years Old, A Scoping Review, Thomas Dillon Murray, Michelle Rhea, Erika Mccarthy, Kristy Asbell

Doctor of Medical Science (DMSc)

Background

Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common pediatric diseases and can lead to long term complications. Due to the inflammation caused by AOM, damage can be done to the middle ear, impacting a child's auditory sense. As they grow older, this can result in developmental delay and impact many other aspects of their life. AOM associated with long term hearing loss is most prevalent in rural communities. Early detection and treatment of AOM can prevent inflammation from progressing to chronic scarring but many rural communities do not have access to expedient medical care.

One of the …

Implementing Justice In Research: Beyond Equitable Selection, Leslie E. Wolf

The Appendix, Journal of Health Care Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Seroprevalence Of Hiv Markers Among Patients Attending To Shebin El- Kom Teaching Hospital, Elham T. Awwad, Rasha G Mostafa, Asmaa M Soliman, Abdelghany Aish, Mariam A. Fouad

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objectives: to determine the prevalence of HIV infections and assess the accuracy of various testing methods among patients at Shibin El Kom teaching hospital.

Background: HIV/AIDS is a global public health challenge, with increasing prevalence in developing countries like Egypt. Stigma and limited detection methods have hindered the accurate assessment of HIV cases. Early detection is critical for effective prevention and treatment.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted from May 2006 to December 2022, involving 71,353 individuals who underwent routine preoperative and preadmission investigations. Blood samples were collected and tested using an immunochromatographic rapid test, ELISA, chemiluminescence, and Western blot. …

Pharmacy Matters - August 2024, Umiversity Of Mississippi School Of Pharmacy

Pharmacy Matters Newsletters

Featured stories: "School of Pharmacy Named Community Pharmacy Center of Excellence", "UM Pharmacy Among Top 20 in Research Funding", "Sixth Annual Rebel Camp Introduces High School Students to Pharmacy", "Wells Receives Lifetime Achievement Award", "Professor Lends Expertise to Local Cancer Clinic", "Ramachandran Selected for Health Policy Fellowship; Will Spend One Year in Washington, D.C.", "Pharmacy Preceptors Herrington, McIntosh Honored for Patient Care Efforts", "1908 Society: Stengel Supports Students, Honors Grandparents with Scholarship", "Build the Legacy ... Coat By Coat".

Welcome To Tower Day 2024, Kerri Taylor

CSU Tower Day

No abstract provided.

Be Careful What You Wish For: An Overreliance On Telemedicine Could Harm Health Equity, Chinelo Diké-Minor

Annals of Health Law and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Prevalence Of Insecticide Resistance Gene In Aedes Albopictus Population In Illinois Regions, Merylann Ochieng

2024 Awards for Excellence in Student Research and Creative Activity - Documents

Mosquitoes are vectors known to transmit many pathogens and parasites that cause serious human diseases such as Malaria, Dengue, Yellow and Chikungunya fever, Encephalitis, and Filariasis (Becker et al., 2010) (Franklinos et al., 2019). Aedes albopictus specie transmits Zika, Chikungunya, yellow Fever and Rift valley fever viruses (Leta et al., 2018). Aedes species are geographically invading new areas due to globalization and environmental changes (Lwande et al., 2020). Temperature increase, severe rainfall, and high humidity encourage diseases to spread to new areas where new vectors may act as carriers (Näslund et al., 2021). Aedes albopictus are expanding further along the …

Elucidating Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Heterogeneity During Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm Infection, Blake P. Bertrand, Cortney E. Heim, Scott A. Koepsell, Tammy Kielian

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are pathologically activated immature myeloid cells with immunosuppressive activity that expand during chronic inflammation, such as cancer and prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells can be broadly separated into 2 populations based on surface marker expression and function: monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs). Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells are the most abundant leukocyte infiltrate during PJI; however, how this population is maintained in vivo and cellular heterogeneity is currently unknown. In this study, we identified a previously unknown population of Ly6G+Ly6C+F4/80+MHCII+ MDSCs during PJI that displayed immunosuppressive properties ex vivo. …

C1q Is Elevated During Chronic Staphylococcus Epidermidis Central Nervous System Catheter Infection, Matthew K. Beaver, Lara Bergdolt, Anna Dunaevsky, Tammy Kielian, Gwenn Skar

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

INTRODUCTION: Significant neurologic morbidity is caused by pediatric cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt infections. The underlying mechanisms leading to impaired school performance and increased risk of seizures are unknown, however, a better understanding of these mechanisms may allow us to temper their consequences. Recent evidence has demonstrated important roles for complement proteins in neurodevelopment and neuroinflammation.

METHODS: We examined complement activation throughout

RESULTS: We found that MASP2 predominated early in catheter infection, but that Factor B was elevated at intermediate time points. Unexpectedly C1q was elevated at late timepoints when bacterial burdens were low or undetectable. Based on these findings and …

Antimicrobial Activity Of Gallium(Iii) Compounds: Pathogen-Dependent Targeting Of Multiple Iron/Heme-Dependent Biological Processes, Seoung-Ryoung Choi, Mohammed A. Hassan, Bradley E. Britigan, Prabagaran Narayanasamy

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Metals play vital roles in biological systems, with iron/heme being essential for cellular and metabolic functions necessary for survival and/or virulence in many bacterial pathogens. Given the rise of bacterial resistance to current antibiotics, there is an urgent need for the development of non-toxic and novel antibiotics that do not contribute to resistance to other antibiotics. Gallium, which mimics iron, has emerged as a promising antimicrobial agent, offering a novel approach to combat bacterial infections. Gallium does not have any known functions in biological systems. Gallium exerts its effects primarily by replacing iron in redox enzymes, effectively inhibiting bacterial growth …

Barriers To Methadone For Hiv Prevention Among People Who Inject Drugs In Kazakhstan, Amanda Rachel Liberman

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, HIV incidence and mortality continue to increase, and this epidemic is concentrated among people who inject drugs (PWID). In Kazakhstan, the prevalence of HIV among PWID is higher than for any other key population. Opioid agonist therapies like methadone are the only evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder and thus are crucial tools for HIV prevention. Though methadone has been provided for free in Kazakhstan since 2008, less than 1% of PWID currently access this service. An intervention to increase methadone scale-up is necessary, and the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) Framework …

Gattonrx Magazine - 2024, Bill Gatton College Of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University

GattonRX Magazine

No abstract provided.

Fusion, 2024, George Washington University, William H. Beaumont Medical Research Honor Society

Fusion

No abstract provided.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation In Prevention Of Recurrent C. Difficile Infection, Emmiline Chou

Doctor of Medical Science (DMSc)

Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacterium that causes a spectrum of clinical presentations from mild diarrhea to severe colitis. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) remains a persistent challenge with a notable burden of recurrence in a subset of 1 patients. Recurrent CDI is associated with increased healthcare costs, heightened risk of complications and elevated mortality rates. While standard antibiotic therapies can be effective initially, they often fail to provide sustained clinical remission, making alternative treatment

1 options such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) necessary. Biotherapeutics is another alternative with less risks of resistance than with antibiotic therapy. Efforts to …

Marine Mammal Health Surveillance Workshop Report

United States Marine Mammal Commission

Marine Mammal Health Surveillance Workshop Report

Impact Of The Methamphetamine Epidemic On Healthcare, Amanda Brumfield

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: The surge in methamphetamine use in the U.S. has presented various challenges for individuals and healthcare systems. Research has shown high relapse rates, oral health issues, and increased susceptibility to blood-borne viruses among users, underscoring the gravity of the situation. Furthermore, the absence of approved pharmacological treatments and systemic barriers to effective treatment highlighted the pressing need for holistic approaches to address this epidemic successfully.

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this research was to identify the challenges faced by treatment providers specializing in substance use disorder treatment amid rising instances of methamphetamine abuse, including managing heightened relapse …

Coping With The Covid-19 Pandemic: Examining Meaning-Making In A Socioecological Framework, Emilia Eva Mikrut

Theses and Dissertations

During 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as a threatening, unpredictable, and uncontrollable stressor. Meaning-making, or one’s ability to make sense of a stressful life event, integrate the event into one’s narrative of the world and meaning in life, and accordingly revise life goals, is a salient intrapsychic process contributing to psychological adjustment in the face of very stressful or traumatic experiences such as chronic health issues, interpersonal grief, and natural and man-made disasters. Early findings provide evidence for the critical role of meaning-making in coping with stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Though meaning-making is a universal process, one’s capacity …

Prognostic Value Of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (Ngal)For Early Detection Of Acute Kidney Injuries In Liver Disease Patients With Different Morbidities, Naglaa F. Al-Mihy, Atteyat A. Semeya, Dina A. Ibrahim, Marwa K. Hassan, Hani S. Aboalam, Mona Youssef

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background A glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 25 kDa is known as neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin (NGAL). It is often detected in tiny amounts in many human organs. Aim of the research: To identify the profile of circulating NGAL in liver disease patients with different morbidities and also evaluate the potential for NGAL as a prognostic indicator for early identification of AKI in these individuals. Patients & methods: This cross-sectional research was performed on 230 cases with different liver diseases, selected from the inpatient and outpatient clinics in the hepatology and gastroenterology departments of the multicentric They were divided into …

Health Vulnerability Mapping For Drought: A Case Study In A Predominantly Rural, Agricultural State, B. J. Fard, J. Puvvula, K. Smith, Michael Hayes, R. Lookadoo, Rezaul Mamood, S. Medcalf, C. Rowe, M. Durr, J. E. Bell

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Diagnostic Challenge – Tinu Syndrome, Sophia Lee, Md, Claire Kassakian, Md

Poster Presentations

No abstract provided.

Case Study: A Severe Presentation Of Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia, Revati Kalluri, Md, Mari Kai, Md

Poster Presentations

No abstract provided.

From Dormant To Dangerous: Hepatitis B Reactivation Under Immunosuppression, Adam Knott, Md, Amy Dechet, Md

Poster Presentations

No abstract provided.

A Potentially Cat-Astrophic Missed Diagnosis: Systemic Autoimmune Disease, Or Something More Sinister?, Cameron Smith, Do, Mph, Amy Dechet, Md

Poster Presentations

No abstract provided.

Are Larger Cities More Central In Urban Networks: A Metaanalysis, X. Li, Z. Neal

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Pediatric Vaccination Adherence: Enhancing Compliance Among First-Generation Asian American Parents, Katelyn Leong

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: Vaccine adherence in the pediatric population refers to receiving vaccines as per the recommended schedule, which significantly reduces vaccine-preventable diseases and enhances community immunity. Vaccine hesitancy, driven by concerns such as safety, misinformation, or cultural beliefs can affect adherence. National coverage of state-mandated vaccines among kindergarteners declined from 95% to around 93% between 2019 and 2022, varying across different vaccines. Objective: This research proposal’s focus is to determine if an educational intervention targeting first-generation Asian Americans, who have adopted their immigrant parents' misinformation about vaccines, will effectively increase vaccination rates among their children. The study aims to assess the …

Production Of Vp3-Only Aav2 Vlp In E. Coli, Chengyu Fu

Theses and Dissertations

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a widely used vector for gene therapy. However, few studies have focused on producing AAV-based virus-like particles (VLP) in E. coli. This project aimed to express VP3 of AAV2 or co-express VP3 of AAV2 with other proteins, such as E. coli chaperones and/or assembly-activating protein (AAP) in E. coli under different expression conditions and explore the potential to produce VP3-only VLP of AAV2 in situ in E. coli. The constructed plasmid pET15ΔHis-VP3 was used to express VP3 under different conditions. The results demonstrated that most expressed VP3 was in inclusion bodies in all tested conditions. Although …

Teacher Perceptions Of Their Preparedness To Teach Early Literacy Skills Using Developmentally Appropriate Practices In Universal Prekindergarten Programs, Tara A. Sokol

Theses and Dissertations

Early childhood education is a dynamic field, constantly evolving with the introduction of new curriculums, initiatives and programs. The classroom teacher is the constant, providing essential early literacy instruction amidst all of these changes. Universal Pre-Kindergarten is a vital program that provides access to quality early childhood education for New York City residents. According to the Office of Early Childhood Education, there were nearly 68,000 students enrolled in these free, full-day, high-quality programs in the 2018-2019 school year (2022). Universal Pre-Kindergarten is described as using Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) as the basis for its teachings. Educators are responsible for using …

Exploring The Influence Of Culturally Relevant Texts On Black Male College Students’ Literacy Practices: A Case Study, Beverly A. Fields

Theses and Dissertations

African American males often experience literacy challenges in the American school system. Texts related to their lives are rarely available in the curriculum, and some educators need the skillset or strategies to engage these learners with texts related to their lives. Many studies have documented that exposure to culturally relevant texts may enhance African American males’ literacy practices. This qualitative case study explored the following research question: How do culturally relevant texts influence college-age African American males’ literacy practices? Data were collected from the instructor and student interviews, field notes, and document analysis. Seven African American college-age students were recruited …

Healthy Acadia Downeast Community Opioid Response Program: Year 3 Summary, Tyler Egeland Ba, Gordon Mcintire Ba, Evelyn Ali, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd, Katie Rosingana Ba

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

The Downeast Substance Treatment Network is a group of diverse organizations working to improve integration and access to treatments and services for people with substance use disorder. The consortium’s Rural Communities Opioid Response Program grant project aims to: (1) expand the reach of their treatment network, (2) increase awareness and practice of harm reduction, and (3) facilitate transitions of care to improve partner efficacy. This project included a mixed-methods evaluation led by Catherine E. Cutler Institute’s Substance Use Research and Evaluation Team (SURE). This final year 3 summary presentation includes feedback from program partners, key informants, and program clients, in …

Reducing The Rates Of Blood Culture Contaminations In The Emergency Department, Erin G. Calamari

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Blood cultures are the gold standard for the diagnosis of blood stream infections and determining proper antibiotic management. When drawing blood cultures, there is a risk of contamination which can lead to inappropriate antibiotic treatment, additional unnecessary tests, extended hospital length of stay, unwarranted admissions, and excess costs. Northwest Community Hospital’s emergency department blood culture contamination rate was 2.45%, which exceeds the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute’s national goal ofBlood culture supply bundles were introduced to staff during an education session and implemented on the unit for 8 weeks. These supply bundles were packaged for convenience to contain all the …