Digital Commons Network^™

Necessity To Invest In Research And Development Activities To Combat The Threat Of Antimicrobial Resistance World Health Organization, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava, Jegadeesh Ramasamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Comparative Prevalence Of, Olatunji Matthew Kolawole, Olugbenga A. Mokuolu, Yetunde A. Olukosi, Tolulope O. Oloyede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

In Okelele, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, malaria remains an important public health concern with a little information about its prevalence.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of malaria infection at Okelele Health Centre, Okelele, Ilorin.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional descriptive study in which patients were diagnosed clinically with severe or uncomplicated malaria at the study site was conducted. Rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) for malaria and microscopy using Giemsa staining by thick and thin blood smears were done for study patients.

Results:

In this study, 200 malaria patients attending Okelele Health Centre, Okelele, Ilorin, were tested for malaria infection, with females having …

Evaluation Of Salivary Nitric Oxide Levels In Caries-Free Children And Children With Early Childhood Caries An, Harsha Gope Assudani, Shivayogi M. Hugar, Anuradha Patil, Suma H. P. Sogi, Neha S. Dhariwal, Prachi Thakkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background and Objectives:

Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent diseases of childhood. Pediatric dentists must make conscious efforts to prevent this condition for optimal oral health. Normal salivary function is considered critical for the maintenance of a healthy oral cavity. Saliva provides an easily available, noninvasive medium for the diagnosis of wide range of diseases and clinical conditions. The objective of the present study was to estimate and compare salivary nitric oxide (NO) levels in caries-free children and children with ECC.

Methodology:

The children were divided into two groups. Group I comprised thirty caries-free children and …

Bathtub Concept In Health Sciences A Comment, Nidhi Dwivedi, Sandeep Sachdeva, Anika Sulania

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Bathtub shape has important connotations in public health and the concept could be reflected in two novel ways: (1) engineering (2) epidemiological model. Typical bath-tub curve is a combination of three failure rates, that is, decreasing, constant, and increasing failure rate, and different techniques are utilized to reduce these failures. This brief study highlights the concept of bath-tub, related theory, application, and how data modeling could be undertaken considering bath-tub failure rate.

Fundamental Tenets Of Epidemiology In Ayurveda And Their Contemporary Relevance, Janmejaya Samal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Ayurveda, the science of life, is the most ancient medical doctrine of human civilization. Some of the basic principles described in Ayurveda are still the same as today's medical science. Ayurveda does not have a specific text as epidemiology, but the principles described in piecemeal can be compiled, analyzed, and interpreted in the light of modern theories of epidemiology.

Objective:

An initial systematic literature review by the help of internet-based search engines revealed very negligible work in the field of Ayurveda and epidemiology. Hence, an attempt was made to analyze various principles of Ayurveda relevant to epidemiology and interpret …

Disability In The Rural Areas Of Bareilly, India, Syed Esam Mahmood, Arun Singh, Zeashan H. Zaidi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Disability is one of the major public health problems in the developing countries. Eighty percent of the disabled reside in rural areas. Disability prevalence studies carried out in rural India are very few. Thus, studying the prevalence of disability in a rural community will be a useful contribution in proper health planning for the disabled.

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence and distribution of disability in terms of age, gender, education, religion, socioeconomic status, and types in a rural community of Bareilly.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the villages of Bithri Chainpur and Nawabganj Blocks of …

Rational Antibiotic Therapy, N. S. Mahantshetti

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Preventing Bacterial Resistance Need Of The Hour, Gajanan S. Gaude

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Cryptococcal Cyst Of The Acromioclavicular Joint A Rare Presentation, Ganga S. Pilli, Mahantesh Y. Patil, Mallikarjun S. Khanpet, Tahseen Mujawar, Lovelesh K. Nigam, Manasi Gosavi, Sharada Metgud

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Cryptococcus neoformans

is yeast and it commonly affects immuno-compromised patients, including AIDS. Most infections with

C.

neoformans

consist of a lung lesions. However, meningitis or meningoencephalitis and localized infections can occur as part of systemic infection. Case: A 32-year-old patient, presented with a swelling over the right shoulder with pain and restriction of movements. The pain has increased in the past 10 days. Patient has a history of hypertension. He developed end stage renal disease and was put on dialysis. He was advised to undergo renal transplant. Renal transplant was done a year back. O/E patient was moderately built, but …

Diabetes Mellitus And Periodontal Disease, Renuka Metgud, Smita Kore

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Diabetes mellitus, caused by the malfunction of insulin - dependent glucose and lipid metabolism, presents with the classic triad of symptoms: Polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia. Complications include retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. Periodontal diseases are infections affecting the periodontium and resulting in the loss of tooth support. There exists a bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease as well as its complications. This article reviews the pathophysiology, the possible mechanisms that increase the severity of periodontal disease in diabetes and the periodontal management of diabetic patients.

Preventing Bacterial Infections In The Society Lessons To Be Learnt, Gajanan S. Gaude

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Indoor Airborne Pathogen Transmission And Control: A Role Of Environmental Factors And Material Properties, Eloise Eyo Parry-Nweye

Dissertations - ALL

The transmission of infectious airborne pathogens has severe implications on human health and economic stability. This is evidenced by the re-emergence of global pandemics with high mortality rates, various respiratory diseases, crop damage, incurred nationwide financial costs, etc. These causative pathogens, encompassing viruses, fungal spores, etc., attach to aerosol and droplet particles, enabling their aerial dispersal and leading to a cascade of detrimental events. Developing interventions to control pathogenic transmission requires an in-depth understanding of the various modes of disease transmission. However, existential gaps within the respective disease transmission modalities remained. For instance, while viruses are predominantly transmitted via aerosols, …

Potent Acridone Antimalarial Against All Three Life Stages Of Plasmodium, Papireddy Kancharla, Rozalia A. Dodean, Yuexin Li, Xiaowei Zhang, Sean Kelly, Jordan Charlton, Angley Binauhan, Laurize Garcia, Diana Caridha, Jane X. Kelly, Multiple Additional Authors

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

New antimalarial therapeutics ideally should target all three major life cycle stages. Here we present an acridone antimalarial chemotype that is potent against blood, liver, and mosquito stages of malaria parasites, with the potential for single-dose cure of bloodstream infections, radical cure of liver infections, and blocking of transmission to mosquitoes. Attributes of lead candidate T111 include potent in vitro activity against cultured parasites, ex vivo activity against clinical isolates, oral single dose cure in an asexual blood stage rodent model, inhibition of sexual blood stage parasites, activity against relapsing parasites in non-human primate liver cells, prevention of parasite development …

Self-Powered Rapid Antigen-Specific T-Cell Response Assay For Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infections, Bo Ning, Sutapa Chandra, Yongchun Pan, Riti Sharan, Ngan Ha, Sanjay Singh, Alexandra Portillo Varela, Lin Li, Qingli Wu, Alexander Kay, Gugu P Maphalala, Clement Adu-Gyamfi, Santiago Carrero Longlax, Anna M Mandalakas, Smriti Mehra, Christopher J Lyon, Edward A Graviss, Andrew R Dinardo, Tony Hu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) that evaluate an individual’s T-cell activation response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb)-specific peptides serve an important role in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB). However, there are substantial challenges to the use of IGRAs in resource-limited settings. Further, IGRA diagnostic performance can also be compromised in anergic individuals. Here we describe a microfluidic chip-based antigen-specific T-cell response assay (ASTRA) that automates the detection of M.tb-specific T-cell activation responses to facilitate screening for latent M.tb infection and TB. We observe that ASTRA demonstrates high specificity for M.tb infection in independent patient cohorts. Compared with IGRA, ASTRA shows greater …

Impact Of Climate Change On Students: A Case Study, Florence Zimunya, Constance Chifamba, Elisha Chembwa

Adventist Human-Subject Researchers Association

Climate change poses fundamental threats to humans, especially students. The researchers carried out a descriptive Qualitative case study with 34 participants. Findings indicate that climate change has a host of negative impacts on students. The study recommends adequate disaster preparedness in schools and communities to ensure they develop coping strategies.

Insights Into Therapeutic Discovery Through The Kelch Domain Structure Of Keap1 At Ambient Temperature, Merve Yilmaz, Belgi̇n Sever, Yi̇ği̇t Kutlu, Mehmet Gül, Ceren Okuducu, Serra Tavli, Masami Otsuka, Mikako Fujita, Turkan Hali̇loğlu, Hali̇li̇brahi̇m Çi̇ftçi̇, Hasan Demi̇rci̇

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: The Kelch-like-ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1) is an integral component of the E3-ubiquitin ligase complex, which binds to Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and facilitates its degradation by the 26S proteasome. The Kelch domain of Keap1, composed of six repeated structural motifs, plays a key role in this interaction. This study aims to investigate the dimeric structure of the Keap1 Kelch domain at ambient temperature and to examine its implications for conformational dynamics, particularly in relation to the DMF and Nrf2 binding sites.Materials and methods: The dimeric crystal structure of the Keap1 Kelch domain was determined at …

Pneumococcal Colonization Dynamics Among Young Children With And Without Respiratory Symptoms During The First Year Of The Sars-Cov-2 Pandemic., Liset Olarte, Brian R. Lee, Dithi Banerjee, Douglas Swanson, Christopher J. Harrison, Rangaraj Selvarangan

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Non-pharmaceutical interventions to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 were implemented across the United States in 2020. These public health measures might influence pneumococcal colonization in younger children and their subsequent risk of invasive pneumococcal disease. Our objective was to evaluate pneumococcal colonization rates in children ≤ 5 years of age with and without respiratory symptoms during the first 12 months of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (April 2020 - March 2021).

STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study evaluating pneumococcal colonization rates, density and serotype distribution across three study periods (April-July [Period 1], August-November [Period 2] and December-March [Period 3]) after …

Novel Mrsa-Targeting Phage Metb16: Genomic Features, Structural Insights, And Therapeutic Applications, Berna Erdoğdu, Senanur Dokuz, Görkem Güngör, Wei Lin, Yigang Tong, Tüli̇n Özbek

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Recent reports have indicated that multidrug-resistant strains of S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains, may pose a significant threat to public health and global economic stability. Materials and methods: In this study, we present the isolation and comprehensive characterization of a novel phage, derived from clinically isolated MRSA strains. Results: MetB16 exhibited an incubation period of approximately 20 min, a lysis period of around 45 min, and a burst size of 127 Plaque Forming Units (PFU)/cell. The phage demonstrated remarkable biological stability across a pH spectrum of 4.0–9.0 and maintained integrity within a temperature range of 37 and –80 °C. …

Factors Associated With The Severity Of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum Reactions, Ita Anggraini, Prima Kartika Esti, Eka Komarasari

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Leprosy reactions, including erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), are induced by immune responses. ENL can cause neurological damage and deformities that result in disabilities. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the severity of ENL to help control the leprosy reactions.

Methods: This was an analytical study on 148 patients with ENL reactions, who were divided into two groups based on the severity of their reactions. A retrospective cross–sectional study was conducted in the medical record unit of Sitanala Hospital, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia, from May 2022 to …

Herpes Zoster Reactivation Following Covid-19 Mrna Vaccination In An Elderly Patient: A Case Report, Ratu Siti Khadijah Sarah, Yari Castiliani Hapsari, Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya, Eliza Miranda, Sarah Qanita Edwar

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in nerve ganglia may reactivate into herpes zoster infection. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine is suspected of triggering VZV reactivation, although the exact cause is unclear. This case report aims to raise awareness of the potential complications induced by the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, particularly in elderly patients.

Case Illustration: A 62-year-old woman complained of itchy and painful unilateral dermatomal herpetiform blisters six days after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. The vesicle first appeared on the left breast, spreading to the back. The patient has a history of hypertension. After the administration of 800 mg of acyclovir five …

Mental Health Of Adults With Down Syndrome, Brian Chicoine

Advocate GME

Mental health is an integral part of overall health and well-being for people with and without Down syndrome. In this presentation, Brian Chicoine, MD will describe common characteristics of individuals with Down syndrome that are important to understand when supporting their mental health promotion efforts. He will also discuss diagnosis and treatment of mental health conditions in people with Down syndrome and provide case examples of some of the mental health challenges that people with Down syndrome may experience. Additionally, Dr. Chicoine will highlight different types of resources that can be used by adults with Down syndrome and those who …

Healthy Bodies, Moral Minds, And Rural Ideals: Contextualizing Interwar British Childhood And Citizenship Through Children's Country Holidays Fund Vacations, Paula J. Pack

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation uses the Children’s Country Holidays Fund (CCHF) as a critical lens to examine how philanthropy, childhood, class, public health, and rural nostalgia intersected within the broader context of citizen formation in interwar Britain. Founded in 1884 to provide country holidays for poor London schoolchildren, the CCHF evolved from a philanthropic response to Victorian slum life into an informal arm of welfare governance by the end of the interwar period. Through its country holidays, the Fund became an active participant in shaping ideals of health, morality, and civic responsibility in a period marked by heightened concern over national vitality …

Exploring The Lived Experiences Of University Students With Lyme Disease: A Qualitative Transcendental Phenomenological Study, Rebekah A. Russell

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This qualitative transcendental phenomenological study aimed to describe the lived experiences of students with persistent or reoccurring Lyme disease symptoms post-treatment within the context of higher education institutions. Guided by Nancy Schlossberg’s transition theory, the research sought to explore the challenges students encountered while experiencing lasting symptoms of Lyme disease post-treatment. The central research question driving the inquiry was: What are the lived experiences of students contending with persistent or reoccurring Lyme disease symptoms post-treatment while pursuing higher education? Employing a transcendental phenomenological method, the study utilized journal prompts, interviews, and two focus groups comprised of students who have navigated …

Quantifying Human Population Benefits From Renewable Energy Plants, Jacob D. Mcnevin, James W. Miers

CSU Journal of Sustainability and Climate Change

The implementation of renewable energy is widely recognized for its positive impact on human health and well-being. We propose methods to quantify these benefits by estimating each renewable energy plant’s impact on human mortality and climate-induced displacement. Utilizing established models (DICE, Mortality Cost of Carbon, and methods from Lenton and Xu), we calculate the avoided heat-related mortalities and loss of human climate niche attributable to avoided CO₂ emissions from renewable energy. Applying this methodology to three California clean energy projects—Morro Bay Wind Energy Area (WEA), Morro Bay Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), and American Energy Services (AES) Bellefield Solar Farm—demonstrates …

Acting On Behalf Of An Endangered Species - A Student-Led Initiative To Protect The San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes Macrotis Mutica) On The Csub Campus, Antje Lauer, Sarah Alame, Brittney Beck, Lucas Hall

CSU Journal of Sustainability and Climate Change

California State University Bakersfield (CSUB) is the only campus in the U.S. that has supported an endangered canine species on its campus grounds for many decades. Deprived of its prime habitat, open grassland, the San Joaquin kit fox (SJKF) (Vulpes macrotis mutica) was able to adapt to urban areas in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The presence of an endangered species on campus grounds comes with responsibilities and requires knowledge of the Endangered Species Act (ESA). In the spring of 2023, students and faculty observed several violations of the ESA by CSUB Facilities Management due to ground disturbance and …

Asclepad: Synthesis Of A Sustainable Bio-Wound Dressing Pad Using Chitosan And Vitamin C Infused Milkfish (Chanos Chanos) Skin For Advanced Wound Care, Diether Mark A. Lucero, Ramon Jacob L. Caluag, Juan Miguel M. Elayda

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Medical waste is an overlooked issue posing a significant environmental and public health threat, with 4.7 billion tons generated annually, accounting for 3% of overall waste, and wound dressing pads being a major contributor. Vitamin C, involved in all phases of wound healing, demonstrates synergy with Chitosan, a polysaccharide ideal for medical and cosmetic applications. Milkfish (Chanos chanos) skin, a dominant commercial fish in the Philippines, shows synergy with Chitosan and Vitamin C in wound healing. Thus, aligning with SDGs 3, 12, and 13, this study aims to synthesize and evaluate AsclePad, a sustainable wound dressing pad infused …

Assessing The Antimicrobial Activity Of Avocado (Persea Americana) Peel Extract: Microbial Load Inhibition On Chicken Meat, Geneva Gloelle S. Tejada, Prescious Ñina S. Quinan, Chloie Marjorie D. Ganggangan, Angelica M. Nadonga

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Bacterial contamination of chicken meat poses significant health and economic risks globally. This study explored the potential of Avocado Peel Extract (APE) as a natural antimicrobial agent to inhibit microbial load. Raw chicken meat samples were treated with varying APE concentrations (10%, 1%, 0.1%) and a negative control. Microbial Load Count (MLC), measured in colony-forming units per gram (CFU/g) via Aerobic Plate Count (APC) after 24-hour incubation at 37°C showed the following mean values: Control (1.73E+09 CFU/g), 10% APE (1.83E+09 CFU/g), 1% APE (3.03E+09 CFU/g), 0.1% APE (2.17E+09 CFU/g). One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed no statistically significant difference (p=0.149). …

Cytotoxicity Of Glucosinolates Extracted From Green Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata), Albert Ii G. Gonzales, John Henrick M. Monotilla, Andrea Vera D. Hellera, Julia Alexa T. Reyes, Empress Kharen M. Villena, Suzzeth U. Dizon

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Cancer is a large group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells, which can invade any organ or tissue. According to WHO (2025), cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020, or approximately one in six deaths. Despite significant advancements in cancer treatments over the years, such as radiation and chemotherapy, commonly used post-surgical complementary therapies can cause adverse side effects, including nerve damage, fatigue, and chronic pain. Glucosinolate (GSLs) is a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables, such as green cabbage. GSLs produce metabolites exhibiting anticancer properties …

The Effect Of Tropical Temperature Conditions On Salmonella Typhimurium Growth, Elyza Dionne A. Constantino, Anastasia Charlotte D.C. Pabriga, John Vergel Pamintuan, Mark Daniel A. Velasco

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Salmonella contamination remains a significant health concern, particularly in environments where temperature fluctuations influence bacterial survival. While previous studies have identified temperature as a key factor in microbial growth, the specific effects of varying heat levels on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium concentration require further investigation, particularly in the context of the Philippines. This study examined bacterial concentration across different temperatures by assessing S. typhimurium under controlled laboratory conditions at 37 °C, 42 °C, and 47 °C. Microbiological analysis quantified bacterial colonies (CFU/mL), revealing a decreasing trend in S. typhimurium concentration as temperature increased. The highest concentration was observed at …

A Vector Autoregressive (Var) Model For The Hourly Forecasting Of Climatological Data In General Santos City, Jezzu Morrisen C. Quimosing, Feevol S. Into, Ayeesha Kate N. Castro, Criss Allyn C. Hongoy, Bai Ashfahana A. Abdullah, Ma. Sofia Franchesca P. Dizor, Leo James M. Podador, Joshua Caleb G. Pagalan

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Through multivariate time series exploration, the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model was developed to predict marked climatological data for General Santos City, Philippines. The dataset, which covered the period from January 01, 2001, until June 30, 2024, was obtained from the NASA POWER API and included crucial variables: surface pressure, specific humidity, wind speed, air temperature, precipitation, and UV irradiance. The study recorded significant diurnal and seasonal trends, which could be observed in the surface pressure, specific humidity, air temperature, and UV irradiance that displayed the predictable cycles. Precipitation demonstrated limited seasonality, as it represented the localized tropical rain patterns. The …