Digital Commons Network^™

Awareness Of Stroke In A Teaching Hospital In North Karnataka A Cross-Sectional Study, Saraswathi N. Tenagi, Aralikatte Onkarappa Saroja, Karkal Ravishankar Naik

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

The 2018 consensus statement of the Indian Stroke Association ranks stroke as the second leading cause of death in India, thus making it a public health challenge. The associated stigma and inadequate knowledge stand as a hurdle in early detection of the disease, which delays treatment leading to disabilities.

AIMS:

To assess the awareness of risk factors, warning symptoms, and treatment of stroke and its consequences.

METHODOLOGY:

This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted between July 2019 and January 2020. Relatives of patients who came to the outpatient and inpatient departments of psychiatry in a tertiary care teaching hospital …

Complexities Of Immune- Regulation In Covid- 19, Harish Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Rhinoscleroma – Still A Predominant Entity Managed By Rubber Tube Recanalization, A. S. Harugop, S. Puneeth Nayak, Yashita Singh, Rahul Gulaganji

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous infection affecting the nasal cavity and nasopharynx primarily. It results in functional and esthetic sequelae in patients. A patient presented to us with chronic extensive vestibular stenosis with external deformity of the nose. The patient underwent multistaged diagnostic nasal endoscopy with biopsy and recanalization using a sterile rubber catheter which showed significant clinical improvement. This case demonstrates that medical advancements have enabled a quicker diagnosis of rhinoscleroma and recanalization still remains an essential entity in managing the sequelae of rhinoscleroma.

Procalcitonin Levels In Covid-19 Patients In A Tertiary Care Center, Avinash H. Rajanna, Satyanarayana Narayanashetty, Yesheswini N. Naik, Vaibhav S. Bellary, N Chethan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Procalcitonin (PCT) is a glycoprotein calcitonin prohormone released by the thyroid parafollicular cells. In case of a microbial infection, PCT synthesis can be stimulated by the elevation of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6, interleukin-1b, and tumor necrosis factor-

α

. These mediators are massively involved in the so-called cytokine storm, typical of the progression from the viremic to the hyperinflammatory stage of COVID-19 and characterized by the onset of respiratory symptoms and interstitial pulmonary infiltrates. Thus, PCT elevation may represent a direct consequence of the COVID-19 cytokine storm and could also be interpreted as a “viral sepsis” syndrome.

AIM:

(1) …

Effect Of Self-Instructional Module On Knowledge Regarding Care Of Arteriovenous Fistula Among Hemodialysis Patients In Selected Hospitals, Guwahati, Assam, Khumukcham Monali Devi, Manashi Sengupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Chronic kidney disease is a major public health problem. Arteriovenous fistulas (AV fistulas) are considered the gold standard for hemodialysis vascular access based on their superior patency, low complication rates, improved adequacy, lower cost to the healthcare system, and decreased risk of patient mortality. A failing AV fistula places the patient at risk for inadequate dialysis, which can lead to numerous complications and increased morbidity and mortality. Patient education support patients to live the best possible quality of life. It instills patient self-confidence to help them carry out behavior necessary to reach the desired goal.

OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of …

A Survey Study On Self-Reported Practice And Work Environment Among Anesthetist Trainees In Nigeria, Olusola K. Idowu, Babatunde B. Osinaike

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

The safe practice of anesthesia encompasses professionalism, equipment, monitoring, medications, and conduct of anesthesia. Therefore, standard training is

sine qua non

to guarantee good surgical outcomes in a specialty associated with delicate and high-risk cases.

AIMS:

The aims are to survey the work practices among anesthetist trainees from different centers across Nigeria.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A descriptive cross-sectional survey study conducted at the Department of Anaesthesia, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

Anesthetist trainees were administered structured questionnaires following informed consent.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS version 23.0

®

) …

Incorporating One Health Competencies Into The Medical Curriculum Need Of The Hour, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The manner in which a doctor approach patient care significantly depends on the way in which they were trained during their undergraduation period. The purpose of the current review is to explore the necessity to incorporate One Health competencies in the medical curriculum and devise a framework for the same. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out on the PubMed search engine and a total of 14 articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives. Keywords used in the search include One Health and medical education in the title alone …

Covid-19 Are We In Testing Fatigue Or Testing Fatiguely?, Priya Sharma, Saurabh Rattan, Vikram Katoch, Gurdarshan Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The rapid spread of COVID 19 across the globe gave no country any chance to stay guard of what consequences it would follow. India, with 462 million of its 1.3 billion people living in densely populated urban settlements with high contact rates, was at risk of catastrophic spread of the virus. Extensive testing for SARS CoV 2 set the precedent for managing the vicious cycle of COVID 19. The study focuses on the COVID-19 testing and positivity rates across the country to attain information on whether we are testing enough or we need to be more rigorous in approach. What's …

Study To Evaluate The Role Of Surgical Management In Acute Osteomyelities In Children, Shrihari L. Kulkarni, Sunil Mannual, Naveenkumar Patil, Manjunath Daragad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is predominantly seen in children, accounting for 1% of all hospital admissions. It is a limb-and life-threatening condition with variable presentation, requiring prompt diagnosis and immediate treatment. Sequential intravenous and oral antibiotics, immobilization, surgical drainage and symptomatic measures are main treatment modalities for management of this condition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of surgical management in acute osteomyelitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Twenty-five children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were collected and examined. Follow-up records of patients were analyzsed to note …

The Psychological Status Of Resident Doctors During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Its Association With Resilience And Social Support A Cross-Sectional Study, Kathleen Anne Mathew, Kudrat Jain, Arya Jith

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychological status of frontline medical professionals who constantly work under stressful situations. The role of social support and resilience in safeguarding the mental health of resident doctors, is an area, which has not received due attention.

AIMS:

To assess the psychological status (depression, anxiety, and fear of COVID-19) and its association with resilience and perceived social support in resident doctors during COVID-19 pandemic.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among the resident doctors in a tertiary hospital in Kochi, Kerala.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A web-based survey created using Google forms …

Assessment Of Hidden Leprosy Cases In North Karnataka By Leprosy Case Detection Campaign – A Mixed-Method Study, Ooviya Jayaseelan, Deepti M. Kadeangadi, M. S. Shivaswamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, is a chronic infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium Leprae. India and Indonesia contributed 92% of the South-East Asia Region's caseload.

AIM:

The aim of this study is to identify leprosy cases in the general population by active surveillance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

As a part of the leprosy survey, the teams comprised healthcare workers and volunteers who performed house-to-house survey and examined all the household members to identify any suspects with hypopigmented and hypoanesthetic patches. The suspects were examined by the medical officer. Clinically suspected leprosy patients were then referred to the district hospital …

Strategies In Laboratory Diagnosis Of Covid-19 In India, Abhijit Vinodrao Boratne, Lalithambigai Chellamuthu, Yogesh Bahurupi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

COVID-19 has been documented as the fifth pandemic since 1918 Spanish flu (H1N1). It began as a human cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology, reported from Wuhan, China, during late December 2019. The etiological agent of the pandemic was detected as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The Indian Council of Medical Research along with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare expanded and diversified testing capacity. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis. TrueNat or cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test is for testing at primary and secondary health care level. Rapid antigen test has …

Ofloxacin Resistance In An Increasing Concern, Ramesh S. Kumar, K. R. Uma Devi, Azger Dusthackeer, Christy Rosaline Nirmal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) associated with the development of resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) especially ofloxacin is a matter of concern, as they had been earlier recommended drugs for usage in the MDR-TB treatment regimens, and moxifloxacin and other quinolones are still on the list.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

acquires resistance to FQs mainly through mutations in the quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDRs) of the

gyrA

gene and less frequently in the

gyrB

gene. A literature search on the geographical distribution of ofloxacin resistance in TB shows that there is a mild surge in reporting of the resistance to ofloxacin in tuberculosis patients. …

Covid-19 Is It Merely About The Third Wave, Madhav Prabhu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

“Mothers Knowledge And Attitude On Feeding Of Banked Human Milk Among Infants” With View To Develop An Information Booklet”, Hussainbi A. Tahasildar, Gavishiddhayya B. Salimath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Donor breastfeeding is the best natural feeding. Especially in high-risk and preterm infants, donor breast milk is the best source of nutrition. The benefits of breastfeeding for the neonates are already known; when mother breast milk is not flowing due to some medical conditions, then the alternative best source donor breast milk.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers on feeding of banked human milk among infants and also to find out associations with sociodemographic variables.

METHODOLOGY:

The study was conducted at KLE'S Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital among 100 postnatal mothers …

Performing Tracheostomy On Covid-19 Pediatric Patients At Intensive Care Unit Our Experiences, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is posing unprecedented challenges among health-care workers for managing the pediatric tracheostomy. Tracheostomy and posttracheostomy care are considered as high-risk procedures for contamination of health-care workers and other patients of the intensive care unit (ICU) in COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate the details of pediatric tracheostomy including patients' profile, surgical steps, complications, and precautions by health-care workers at the ICU of the specially assigned hospital for COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive retrospective study in which 18 COVID-19 pediatric patients underwent bedside surgical tracheostomy …

Clinicopathologic Spectrum Of Glomerular Diseases In A Tertiary Care Hospital, Shalini Bhalla, Muffazal Ahmad, Shivanjali Raghuvanshi, Preeti Agarwal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Biopsy-proven renal diseases give an insight into the prevalence of glomerular diseases. These are uncommon diseases which differ according to geographical area, demography, age, and race of a population.

Aims:

This study was aimed to evaluate the histopathological spectrum of glomerular diseases in native kidney biopsies. The secondary aim of the study was to review the literature for pattern of occurrence of glomerular diseases in and around the Indian subcontinent.

Settings and Design:

The present study was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital for a period of 2 years.

Subjects and Methods:

One hundred and …

A Study Of Association Between Breastfeeding And Iron-Deficiency Anemia Status In Infants And Young Children Between 0 And 2 Years, Amit Magadum, G. T. Sowjanya, M. B. Koujalagi, C. R. Banapurmath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Iron deficiency is one of the biggest contributing factors to the global burden of anaemia. It is an indicator of both poor nutrition and poor health. Results of recent basic research support the concerns that IDA during infancy and childhood can have long lasting detrimental effects on neurodevelopment.

Objective:

To study contributing factors for IDA in infants and young children between 6-24 months.

Study Design:

A case control study.

Participants:

Children aged between 6-24 months, admitted or attended OPD in paediatric wards of 3 hospitals attached to JJM medical college.

Intervention:

No intervention was involved in this study.

Outcomes: …

Understanding Mental Health Perspectives Of Covid-19 Through The Lens Of Ayurveda, Janmejaya Samal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency and has affected more than 200 countries in the world. It was declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the end of January 2020 and a pandemic in March 2020. In addition to the public health challenges, this pandemic has created another parallel pandemic of mental health problems. Furthermore, the existing mental health problems have also been seen to exacerbate owing to this pandemic. The mental health problems are both seen among the community members and the health-care providers those who are in the continuous forefront of service …

Burden, Mortality, And Associated Factors Of Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ephrem Awulachew, Kuma Diriba, Asrat Anja, Feven Wudneh, Aschalew Gemede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pneumocystis pneumonia

has classically been described as a serious complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients caused by

Pneumocystis Jirovecii

pneumonia formerly called

Pneumocystis Carinii

Pneumonia (PJP). During the early period of the Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, PJP was recognized as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses for as many as two-thirds of patients in the United States. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), PJP remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review existing literature on the burden, a mortality rate …

Barefoot Nurse Project A Micro-Entrepreneurship Health Model For Universal Access To The Screening Of Diseases, Ensuring Self-Sustainability In India, Tn Sathyanarayana, Biswamitra Sahu, Achala Gopalkrishna Pai, P. V. Vivekananda, Avishek Hazra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

There is still a substantial service gap in India, especially in preventive screening and referral of noncommunicable diseases. There is a growing evidence supporting the role of community health workers (CHWs) in screening diseases and their effectiveness in averting noncommunicable diseases.

Aim:

The aim of this article is to describe a model of CHW-barefoot nurse (BFN) (concept, design, recruitment, training, services, products, and evaluation) and share some initial findings.

Setting and Design:

This study was implemented in seven locations (Doddaballapura, Nelamangala, Magadi, Bidar, Aland, Hadagali, and Aurad) of Karnataka.

Materials and Methods:

The model of BFN, design, intervention development, …

Use Of Mask At Public Places Among Health Care Professionals Following Covid-19 Postquarantine Period In Southern Haryana, India, Abhishek Singh, Ram Kumar Panika, Vikas Gupta, Pawan Kumar Goel

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

The instances of social stigma and violence against health care worker was already prevalent but during COVID-19, such instances have reached its peak. So, this global health crisis of COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to investigate the level of perceptions and practices regarding use of mask or personnel protective equipment (PPE) in public places amongst health care professionals following COVID-19 postquarantine period.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 100 health care personnel working in COVID-19 outpatient and wards as participants who have completed their quarantine period after being sent on quarantine at home/hostels or state-run facilities during the …

Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice Toward Dengue Fever Among Residents In Raichur, Ashok G. Mahendraker, Amal Balakrishnakurup Kovattu, Shiv Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Dengue, which is caused by any one of the four-related viruses transmitted by mosquitoes, is a leading cause of illness and death in the tropics and subtropics.

OBJECTIVE:

This study was designed with the objective of assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward dengue fever.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The survey questionnaire on the KAP of dengue among the residents of Raichur was completed by 100 respondents.

RESULTS:

The average score percentage of knowledge of respondents (84.4%) regarding dengue falls into good response level under the scoring system (59%–77.35%) and that of practice of respondents (22.5%) falls into poor response …

Molecular Description Of Fibroblast Growth Factor And Mechanisms By Which Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Mediating Biological Actions And Acting As A Biologic Biomarker Of Cardiovascular Diseases, Leta Shiferaw Melaku, Negeri Debela

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family members are mostly secreted as signaling proteins with diverse functions in development and metabolism. FGFs can be classified as intracellular, paracrine, and endocrine FGFs by their action mechanisms. FGF-21 is a novel member of endocrine FGF subfamily with pleotropic actions. Recent findings indicate that FGF-21 can act as a cardiomyokine; that is, it is produced by cardiac cells and acts in an autocrine manner on the heart itself. The heart is sensitive to the effects of FGF-21, both systemic and locally generated, owing to the expression in cardiomyocytes of β-Klotho, the key coreceptor known to …

Acute Kidney Injury In Patients With Covid-19, R. B. Nerli, Manas Sharma, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Pulkit Gupta, Shashank D. Patil, M. Shubhashree, Murigendra B. Hiremath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

An outbreak of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was noted in December 2019, affecting Wuhan city, Hubei Province, in China. It soon spread to other areas across the world. It is well known that the diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure caused by the coronavirus remain the main features; however, the involvement of other organs is also noted. In this review, we have attempted to determine the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We conducted a literature search for relevant research papers published till April 25, 2020, using the electronic Google …

Rickettsial Disease Existence In India Resurgence In Outbreaks With The Advent Of 20, Abha Sharma, Bibhabati Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rickettsial infections are both one of the oldest and recently recognized reemerging zoonotic infections. Misdiagnosis and underreporting of rickettsial infections are significant public health problems leading to extensive investigations in patients with fever of unknown origin, thus contributing to economic burden on families. We review the situation of rickettsial outbreaks in India with the advent of the 20

th

century. We did a PubMed and Google search for literature available for rickettsial outbreaks in India. Literature was searched for outbreaks that were reported before the year 2000 and after the year 2000. The data were compiled and tabulated for comparative …

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Thrombocytopenia Profiling Hematological Changes In The Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected And Aids Patients, Unnati Pitale, Deivanayagi Muthusamy, Manish Verma, Pritish Chandra Pal, Humera Ayesha, Kalyan Murru, Mvr Ratnam, Abhishek Singh Nayyar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT AND AIM:

AIDS is an acronym for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by a retrovirus known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which breaks down the body's immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders, or unusual malignancies. According to estimates by the WHO and UNAIDS, 35 million people were living with HIV globally at the end of the year 2013. The first AIDS case in India was detected in the year 1986. Seldom studies have been conducted correlating CD4 cell counts and complete blood picture including platelet counts in HIV infected and AIDS …

Global Research Trends Of Literature In Sugar-Sweetened Beverages 2000–2016, Waleed M. Sweileh, Ansam F. Sawalha, Samah W. Al-Jabi, Saed H. Zyoud, Adham S. Abutaha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are commonly used. The objective of this study was to analyze the quantity and quality of published literature on SSBs and present the results in a bibliometric format.

METHODOLOGY:

Scopus database was used to retrieve documents from 2000 to 2015. Annual growth of publications, collaborations, geographic distribution, visualization and mapping of collaboration, author analysis, and top-cited articles will be presented and discussed.

RESULTS:

The total number of worldwide publications on SSBs was 3345, published in 27 subject areas. More than half (58.30%) of the SSB publications were within the area of medicine. The number of publications …

Pattern Of Drug Resistance In Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia In A Tertiary Care Hospital Cross-Sectional Study, Ramitha Ravi Malgere, Bhagyashri B. Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is associated with the highest mortality rate of 35%–50% globally and is the second or the third most frequent nosocomial infections.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aims of the study were to know the pattern of drug resistance in HAP, study the clinical profile, and treatment outcome in HAP.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was performed from January 2016 to December 2016. A total of 100 patients who developed HAP were enrolled in the study. Totally 88 patients had positive bacterial culture growth and 12 patients had no growth or fungal growth. Hence, 88 patients were …

Retrospective Analysis Of All Patients Undergoing Blood Transfusion In Obstetrics At A Tertiary Care Hospital, Belgaum A Cross-Sectional Study, Deshpande Madhushree, Mrityunjay C. Metgud, Kamal Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVES:

This study was conducted to know the various indications of blood transfusion (blood and blood products) in obstetrics and to know transfusion reactions if any.

METHODOLOGY:

This study was done from September 2014 to September 2015 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KLE Dr. Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi. All women who received blood and blood product transfusion for any obstetric cause during this period were analyzed to know the indications for transfusion and to know transfusion reactions.

RESULTS:

A total of 204 women received blood and blood products transfusion in this study. The …