Digital Commons Network^™

Constitutionalizing Traveling Feminisms In Kenya, Nkatha Kabira

Cornell International Law Journal

This Article uses selected provisions of the Constitution of Kenya 2010 to argue that although elaborate legal and institutional frameworks for promoting women’s empowerment have been adopted in Kenya’s legal framework, implementation of these provisions remains a challenge. Why is the law in the books so different from the law in action? This is the question this Article seeks to address. By mapping out how feminist ideas travel through collective action, colonial encounters, local, regional and world conferences, legislation, and other means, the Article demonstrates that the reason why implementation remains a challenge is that these ideas are often in …

Optimization And Model Averaging Of Histogram-Based Place Cell Firing Rate Maps Using The Point Process Framework, Murat Okatan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The firing rate of hippocampal place cells depends on the spatial position of the organism in an environment. This position dependence is often quantified by constructing spike-in-location and time-in-location histograms, the ratio of which yields a firing rate map. The purpose of this study is to present a new method for optimizing the spatial resolution of histogram-based firing rate maps. It is pointed out that histogram-based firing rate maps are conditional intensity functions of inhomogeneous Poisson process models of neural spike trains, and, as such, they can be optimized through model selection within the point process framework. The point process …

Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized By Pulsed Laser Ablation In Liquids For Antimicrobial Applications, Tina Hesabizadeh

Theses and Dissertations

This study aimed to synthesize selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids (PLAL) and investigate their antibacterial and biological effects, particularly their impact on cell viability and related biological responses. Spherical amorphous Se NPs were produced by irradiating a selenium target using a combination of bottom- and top-ablation protocols. After autoclaving, the amorphous Se NPs were converted into trigonal Se NPs. Se NPs were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The biological effects of Se NPs were quantitatively assessed through evaluations of cell viability and associated …

Effectiveness Of Vaginal Magnesium Sulfate On Pain And Labor Duration: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Somayeh Makvandi, Elham Manouchehri, Mahdieh Razi, Samaneh Alinejad Mofrad, Mona Larki

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of vaginal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) administration during labour. A comprehensive search was conducted across six databases up to 30 July 2024, and updated on 13 January 2025, with no restrictions on time, language, or geographical region. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2 tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADEpro. A total of seven randomised controlled trials were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that topical magnesium sulfate significantly increased cervical dilatation by 2.27 cm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.98 to 2.56; PPP

Factors Influencing Information And Accessibility Of Tuberculosis Prevention Services Among Nomadic Fulani And Host Communities, Nigeria, Abolaji Azeez, Kabiru Salami

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Despite efforts to curtail tuberculosis (TB) in Nigeria, the country has not yet attained the global target. This study explored the dynamics of access to information about TB control and prevention among nomadic Fulani and their host communities. We used a mixed-methods approach and multistage sampling technique to recruit 812 respondents for the survey, and we conducted 18 in-depth interviews across six local government areas. The results indicated generally low access to TB information and services, with only 2% of nomadic Fulani engaging in TB prevention activities compared to 6.7% of host community members. Yoruba respondents had significantly higher odds …

House Finches Lose Feeding Preferences During Infection: Behavioral Changes With Implications For Pathogen Spread, Francis Edward Tillman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Foraging is a fundamental behavior that animals use to acquire food resources. Because these resources are critical for survival and reproduction, animals are often thought to forage optimally, maximizing resource intake per unit of time. While the foraging behaviors of healthy animals often align with such predictions, we know little about how or if these predictions hold true in sick animals. This is especially relevant when considering sickness behaviors, or changes in behavior that accompany infection and frequently include lethargy and anorexia, both of which may alter foraging decisions or ability. Because food resources often cause animals to aggregate, a …

Phosphoglycerate Mutase Regulates Treg Differentiation Through Control Of Serine Synthesis And One-Carbon Metabolism, Wesley H Godfrey, Judy J Lee, Shruthi Shanmukha, Kaho Cho, Xiaojing Deng, Chandra Shekar R Ambati, Vasanta Putluri, Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal, Paul M Kim, Nagireddy Putluri, Michael D Kornberg

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The differentiation and suppressive functions of regulatory CD4 T cells (Tregs) are supported by a broad array of metabolic changes, providing potential therapeutic targets for immune modulation. In this study, we focused on the regulatory role of glycolytic enzymes in Tregs and identified phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) as being differentially overexpressed in Tregs and associated with a highly suppressive phenotype. Pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of PGAM reduced Treg differentiation and suppressive function while reciprocally inducing markers of a pro-inflammatory, T helper 17 (Th17)-like state. The regulatory role of PGAM was dependent on the contribution of 3-phosphoglycerate (3 PG), the PGAM substrate, …

Let's Doff: A Gown Conservation Strategy For Multidrug-Resistant Organism Colonization During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Beyond, Kelsey L Rowe, Josephine Fox, Carole Leone, Lydia J Grimes, Kenneth Whalen, David K Warren, Jonas Marschall

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A COVID-19 pandemic gown conservation strategy for methicillin-resistant

An Analysis Of 10 Years Of Actinomyces Cultures At A Large Academic Institution, Evan Dittus, Amy Slenker Md

Research Scholars

No abstract provided.

Practical Intelligence: Generative Ai Toolkit For Nurse Education, Jennifer Vanderlaan, Lisa Nicholas, Necole Leland

Nursing Faculty Research

This toolkit delivers a structured introduction to generative AI tailored for nurse educators, offering practical guidance across six domains: foundational concepts; course and lesson design; assignment development; scholarly applications; simulation integration; and strategies for facilitating student engagement with AI. Beginning with an accessible overview of how generative models function and where they fail. It presents frameworks for critical evaluation and transparent use. Subsequent sections demonstrate how to leverage AI for organizing curricula, writing objectives, crafting assessments, and generating discussion prompts, all aligned with professional standards. Applications in scholarship cover literature search planning, peer‑review simulation, and evidence‑based question development. Simulation chapters …

A New Species Of Viscachataenia (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) From The Southern Mountain Viscacha, Lagidium Viscacia (Hystricomorpha: Chinchillidae), In Bolivia, Terry R. Haverkost, Scott L. Gardner

MANTER: Journal of Parasite Biodiversity

Anoplocephalid cestodes collected from the southern mountain viscacha, Lagidium viscacia, in Boliva in 1986 are here examined, and a new species of Viscachataenia is described. The new species has numerous body measurements that are larger than the existing species, V. quadrata, but the eggs and corresponding structures of the new species are all smaller than those of V. quadrata.

Barriers Preventing Discharges Home Before Noon, Julia Sealing, Heather Faust Msn, Rn, Cmsrn, Karanda Erdman Bsn, Rn

Research Scholars

No abstract provided.

Quality Improvement Project To Increase Utilization Of Oral Step-Down Therapy For Prosthetic Joint Infections (Pji), Juliane Kallenbach, Amy Slenker Md

Research Scholars

No abstract provided.

Il-6 Predicts Cdk4/6 Inhibitor Resistance, Identifying Stat3 As A Target In Hr + /Her2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer, Nicole M Kettner, Tuyen N Bui, Juliana Navarro-Yepes, Sanaz Ghotbaldini, Bethanie Quintela, Catherine K Luo, Nghi Lam, Xiayu Rao, Akshara Singareeka Raghavendra, Yan Wang, Nancy Azizian, T Kris Eckols, Moses Makokha Kasembeli, Kurt Evans, Min Yi, Hannah Wingate, Jing Wang, Aysegul A Sahin, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Kelly K Hunt, Senthil Damodaran, David J Tweardy, Debu Tripathy, Khandan Keyomarsi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) is a major challenge in treating hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. This study aimed to identify a biomarker predictive of resistance that could also serve as a therapeutic target. Circulating IL-6 levels in 166 patients significantly increased at progression, making IL-6 a non-invasive biomarker to predict CDK4/6i resistance. Knockdown of IL-6 re-sensitized resistant cells to palbociclib and endocrine therapy, underscoring IL-6's critical role in maintaining resistance. Patient-derived xenograft models from patients who progressed within 3 months versus ≥6 months of palbociclib therapy revealed distinct transcriptomic profiles, with later progressors exhibiting IL-6/STAT3 activation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, …

Feasibility Of Manufacturing And Antitumor Activity Of Til For Advanced Endometrial Cancers, Yongliang Zhang, Kathleen N Moore, Amir A Jazaeri, Judy Fang, Ilabahen Patel, Andrew Yuhas, Patrick Innamarato, Nathan Gilbert, Joseph W Dean, Behzad Damirchi, Joe Yglesias, Rongsu Qi, Michelle R Simpson-Abelson, Erwin Cammaart, Sean R R Hall, Hequn Yin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lifileucel, a tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) cell therapy approved for advanced melanoma, demonstrates promise for treating other solid tumors, including endometrial cancer (EC). The current study evaluates the feasibility of manufacturing TILs from EC tumors using Iovance’s proprietary 22-day Gen2 manufacturing process. Key parameters, including TIL yield, viability, immune phenotype, T-cell receptor clonality, and cytotoxic activity, were assessed. Of the 11 EC tumor samples processed at research scale, 10 (91%) successfully generated >1 × 109 viable TIL cells, with a median yield of 1.1 × 1010 cells and a median viability of 82.8%. Of the four EC tumor samples processed at …

Anxious Traits Intensify The Impact Of Depressive Symptoms On Stigma In People Living With Hiv, Alexia Koukopoulos, Antonio Maria D'Onofrio, Alessio Simonetti, Delfina Janiri, Flavio Cherubini, Paolo Vassalini, Letizia Santinelli, Gabriella D'Ettorre, Gabriele Sani, Giovanni Camardese

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background/Objectives: Despite medical advances, stigma remains a major challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH). This study examined clinical, sociodemographic, and psychological predictors of HIV-related stigma, and explored whether affective temperament moderates the impact of depression on stigma.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 97 PLWH attending a tertiary infectious disease unit in Rome, Italy. Participants completed a battery of validated psychometric instruments assessing depressive symptoms, anxiety, manic symptoms, mixed affective states, general psychopathology, impulsivity, and affective temperament. HIV-related stigma was evaluated using the Berger HIV Stigma Scale, which measures personalized stigma, disclosure concerns, negative self-image, and concerns …

Antibacterial Potential Of Tapanuli Orangutan (Pongo Tapanuliensis) Food In Batang Toru Forest Against Escherichia Coli And Salmonella Typhi, Herna Febrianty Sianipar, Wahyu Widoretno, Luchman Hakim, Rezi Rahmi Amolia, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Diarrhea is a common disease affecting orangutans, primarily caused by Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi bacteria. To treat this disease, antibacterial food sources are essential as therapeutic agents for orangutans. The fruits consumed by Tapanuli orangutans include Campnosperma auriculatum, Agathis borneensis, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Castanopsis argantea, and Aglaia tomentosa. This study aims to examine the amino acid and phytochemical components with potential antibacterial properties in these five fruit species and their inhibitory effects on E. coli and S. typhi growth through cell lysis, observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The samples were tested for amino acids, phytochemicals, vitamin C content, …

Treating The Virus, Triggering Iris: Art Timing In Hiv Patients With Bacterial And Fungal Opportunistic Infections, Brianna L. Rhomberg

Summer Interdisciplinary Research Symposium

Objective: To evaluate the optimal timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-1-infected adults with bacterial or fungal opportunistic infections (OIs), and to assess its impact on immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), mortality, and pathogen type.

Methods: A structured literature review was conducted using PubMed, IDSA guidelines, and supplemental Google searches. Search terms included combinations such as "ART initiation TB meningitis," "ART initiation IRIS TB," "ART intiation IRIS cryptococcal," and "ART initiation IRIS pneumocystis." Studies published in English from 2019-2024 were included, with one exception for TB meningitis due to limited recent data. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials or …

Study Of Anomalous Variations In Seismic And Non-Seismic Parameters Using Machine Learning Techniques To Develop The Earthquake Forecasting Model In The Himalayan Belt, Senthil Kumar M

Theses and Dissertations

Understanding and forecasting earthquakes is not just about science it’s about saving lives, even as the dynamic and hidden nature of Earth's tectonic processes makes this an intricate challenge. The Himalayan belt is one of the most seismically active regions globally due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. Investigating this region is essential for understanding highly complicated tectonic mechanisms and reducing substantial hazards posed to millions of people by persistent and intense seismic events. This study aims to enhance forecasting methodologies by applying machine learning techniques while dealing with the inherent challenges of geological complexity and …

Infectious Scleritis: A Comprehensive Narrative Review Of Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, And Management Strategies, Hamidreza Ghanbari, Masoud Rahimi, Ali Momeni, Kiana Hassanpour, Nikoo Bayan, Karen E. Lee, Alex Hansen, Ali R. Djalilian, Christopher J. Rapuano, Mohammad Soleimani

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

This study aims to provide an update on infectious scleritis (IS). A comprehensive search was conducted using Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed. IS is a rare but critical condition that presents significant diagnostic challenges and often leads to poor visual outcomes. It accounts for approximately 5%-10% of scleritis cases and warrants significant attention due to its delayed diagnosis. Ocular surgery is the primary contributor to IS, accounting for a substantial proportion of cases ranging from 58% to 83%, followed by trauma contributing to approximately 10% of cases. IS can be caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria (86%-87%), fungi (11%-13%), viruses, …

Effects Of Long Covid On Healthcare Utilization, Michael Gottlieb, Erica S. Spatz, Huihui Yu, Imtiaz Ebna Mannan, Michelle Santangelo, Caitlin Malicki, Nicole L. Gentile, Rachel E. Geyer, Alex Charlton, Jonathan W. Dyal, Joann G. Elmore, Kristyn Gatling, Mandy J. Hill, Juan Carlos C. Montoy, Kelli N. O'Laughlin, Kristin L. Rising, Sharon Saydah, Kari A. Stephens, Ralph C. Wang, Lauren E. Wisk, Arjun K. Venkatesh, Robert A. Weinstein

Jefferson Center for Connected Care Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: While most research on Long COVID (LC) has focused on symptoms and quality of life, there remains a critical need to better understand the effect of LC on resource utilization. This study sought to determine the type and amount of healthcare utilization among participants with versus without LC.

METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of a prospective, longitudinal, multicenter U.S. study of adult participants with symptomatic COVID-19, confirmed with testing, who completed 3-month post-infection surveys and had electronic health record data for at least 180 days pre- and post-index testing. We excluded participants with any COVID-19 infections within the …

Macrophage-T Cell Interactions Promote Slamf1 Expression For Enhanced Tb Defense, G V R Krishna Prasad, Steven J Grigsby, Gideon A Erkenswick, Cynthia Portal-Celhay, Ekansh Mittal, Guozhe Yang, Samuel M Fallon, Fengyixin Chen, Thais Klevorn, Neharika Jain, Yuanyuan Li, Makedonka Mitreva, Amanda J Martinot, Joel D Ernst, Jennifer A Philips

2020-Current year OA Pubs

CD4+ T cells are crucial for protective immunity to intracellular pathogens. In addition to secreting cytokines, CD4+ T cells promote control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection through cognate interactions with macrophages, but the mechanism has been unclear. Here, we show that SLAMF1/CD150 is highly and uniquely induced in macrophages by antigen-specific interactions with CD4+ T cells. In macrophages, SLAMF1 enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species and restricts Mtb replication. Mtb-infection of mice promotes SLAMF1 expression specifically on infected macrophages, not uninfected bystanders. SLAMF1 expression depends on adaptive immunity and also autophagy. Moreover, Slamf1

Enterobacter Cloacae As A Rare Cause Of Cerebral Abscesses In A Neonatal Late-Onset Sepsis – A Case Report And Literature Review With Focus On Risk Factors, Diagnostics And Treatment, Yıldız Yıldırım, Ruy Perez, Rüdiger Wentzell, Clemens Andrée, Martin Weinzierl, Norbert Utz, Tim Niehues

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Late-onset sepsis (LOS; sepsis occurring after the first 72 hours of life) increases the morbidity and mortality of premature neonates, especially those with very-low-birth weight (≤1500g). In LOS, Enterobacter cloacae has been rarely described as a cause of secondary brain abscesses. Our case report summarizes important aspects of cerebral abscesses due to an E. cloacae sepsis in a preterm neonate. Our patient received surgical abscess drainage and rational antibiotic treatment employing prolonged meropenem infusions plus fosfomycin and subsequent treatment with oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Furthermore, we present a review of the current literature from 2009-2022, comparing cases similar to our case.

Modulation Of Dendritic Cell Phenotypes By Cd4+ Effector Memory T Cell Via Ikzf1-Regulated Il16/Cd4 Signaling In Covid-19 And Kawasaki Disease, Seyan Yan, Kaiming Zheng, Zicheng Zhen, Tianfu Xu

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is the primary cause of acquired heart disease among children in developed countries and is identified by systemic vasculitis of unknown origin. This research explores the possible common pathogenesis between KD and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), focusing on the roles of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subpopulations. Methods: We utilized single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data from COVID-19 and KD patients, as well as healthy controls. Our comprehensive analysis included cell-type identification, pseudotime analysis, cell-cell communication, and transcription factor analysis. Results: Our results show the critical role of CD4+ effector memory T cells and dendritic cells …

Magnitude And Factors Associated With Mortality Of Neonates Admitted To Intensive Care Unit In Northern Ethiopia: Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study, Gebrhud Berihu Haile, Tensay Kahsay Weldegebreal, Desta Hailu Aregawi, Daniel Birhane Berhe, Tomas Amare Abraha

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objectives: Neonatal mortality is a global burden both in developed and developing countries. Marked disparities exist across countries. In Ethiopia, the neonatal mortality rate is unacceptably high. Even though some published research exists, there is a lack of data regarding the magnitude and factors associated with mortality in neonates. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and factors associated with mortality in neonates admitted to intensive care units in northern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was employed among 325 neonates admitted to intensive care units in public hospitals from October 2021 to May 2022. Systematic random sampling …

Investigating Respiratory Viral Pathogens In Pediatric Age Groups, Yaser Ali Hussein Musawa, Fatma Esenkaya Taşbent, Mehmet Özdemir

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: Respiratory viral infections are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Acute respiratory infections account for approximately 20% of childhood fatalities. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the respiratory viral agents and epidemiological characteristics, in pediatric patients. Methods: The study included pediatric patients, aged 0-18 years. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 5,253 samples sent to the microbiology laboratory with suspected respiratory tract infection between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2023. Sixteen different viral agents were investigated in samples using multiplex PCR. The enrolled patients were divided into three groups. Positive results were examined in terms …

The Role Of Hematological Parameters In The Differential Diagnosis Of Testicular Torsion And Epididymo-Orchitis In Children, Mehmet Sarikaya, Fatma Ozcan Siki, Metin Gunduz, Tamer Sekmenli, Muslu Kazım Korez, Ilhan Ciftci

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: This study uses various hematological inflammatory parameters to evaluate the diagnostic distinction between testicular torsion (TT) and epididymo-orchitis (EO). These include the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, panimmune inflammation value, derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil-lymphocyte-platelet ratio. Methods: The demographic data and hemogram parameters of TT and EO cases treated in the pediatric surgery clinic between January 2010 and January 2023 were retrospectively examined. The hematological inflammatory parameters were statistically compared across the groups. Results: The study included 181 patients, categorized into control (n = 60), TT (n = 64), and EO …

Epidemiological Characteristics Of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Epidemic Among Children In Ningbo, China, 2022-2023, Fei Xu, Yefang Ke, Fei Li, Wenbo Lu, Junhua Wu, Wenyuan Liu

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective Following the full relaxation of COVID-19 control measures in China at the end of 2022, there was a resurgence of pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MMP) outbreaks. Methods We performed a retrospective study of children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia who were admitted to the Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University between January 2022 and December 2023. Demographic and clinical characteristics and proportion of A2063G/A2064G mutant train were compared between 2022 and 2023. Results Among the 13013 children hospitalized with pneumonia in 2022 and 2023, M. pneumoniae infections were identified in 4889 cases (37.57%). Notably, the positive rate of M. …

Dynamics Of Human Adenovirus In Hospitalized Children With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection During 2014-2022 In Hubei Province, China, Song Yi, Juan Du, Wan-Xue Zhang, Xin-Rui Wang, Yi-Guo Zhou, Xing-Wen Hu, Qing-Bin Lu

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: The study mainly aimed to explore the impact of Human adenovirus (HAdV) detection by two-child policy and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China. Methods: Hospitalized children with ARTI were enrolled in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from January 2014 to June 2022, whose clinical data were collected retrospectively. The effects of two-child policy and COVID-19 pandemic on the detection of HAdV were analyzed. Results: Among 100215 hospitalized children with ARTI, the positive rate of HAdV was 1.93% with the peak in 2019. After the implementation of two-child policy, the positive rate of HAdV during 2017-2019 …

Prognostic Nutritional Index For Predicting Late-Onset Sepsis And Mortality In Late Preterm Infants: A Retrospective Study, Nurdan Dinlen Fettah, Nihan Yıldırım Yıldız, Seda Aydoğan, Meltem Aksu, Ferit Kulalı, Nur Aycan

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: Neonatal sepsis is a critical condition with considerable mortality and morbidity. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), calculated from serum albumin level and lymphocyte count, is a marker for assessing nutritional and inflammatory states. This study evaluates the clinical value of PNIs in predicting late-onset sepsis and mortality in late-preterm neonates. Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 210 neonates with suspected sepsis. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, and PNI was calculated using the formula: serum albumin (g/L) + 5 × total lymphocyte count (10^9/L). Of the total cohort, 130 neonates with confirmed sepsis were assigned to the sepsis group, …