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Ethnic Differences In Ascending Aorta Dimensions And Dilatation Rates: A Systematic Review, Ayub Ansari, Kazi A. Syed, Mirza Baig, Yazan Tanbour, Abdullah Baghdadi, Aisha Ansari, Ayman Nada

Student Publications

Ethnic differences may substantially influence the morphological characteristics of the ascending aorta, with potential implications for clinical assessment and management of aortic dilatation. This systematic review evaluated the impact of ethnicity on ascending aorta diameter and dilatation rates, highlighting the need for more tailored, ethnicity-specific care in cardiovascular practice. We identified 11 studies that measured ascending aorta dimensions using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Most investigations focused on Asian, Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic populations. Data extraction revealed notable variability in baseline aortic diameters across ethnic groups. Some studies found no significant differences between …

A Retrospective Analysis Of The Effects Of Pneumonia And Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease On Patient Mortality In Southwest Missouri, Cameron Smith, Monika Ziogaite, Lindsay Doolan-Mattice, Heather Vonhegel, Mariam Akhtar, Nova Beyersdorfer, Kerry Johnson, John Paulson

Student Publications

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of COPD and pneumonia on the mortality rates among patients admitted to the Freeman Health System in Southwest Missouri, to provide a better idea of whether there is a correlation between the two and whether the presence of both adds to the mortality rates. Patient data were extracted from electronic medical records, focusing on patients with or without COPD and pneumonia diagnoses. Analyses revealed a statistical difference, with a p-value of <0.0001, in mortality rates between COPD patients with (P1) and without (P3) pneumonia, indicating that pneumonia did have an impact on COPD patients. However, pneumonia patients without COPD (P2) had a higher, but non-statistical difference in mortality rates compared to COPD patients with pneumonia (P1), with a p-value of 0.0806. These findings emphasize the severe influence of pneumonia in both COPD and non-COPD populations in the area, warranting further investigation and emphasizing the importance of timely and appropriate treatment. These results provide insights into the interplay between COPD and pneumonia in the geographic area, which may provide guidance in treatment decisions that may improve patient outcomes.

Tourism Carrying Capacity At Petungkriyono Forest And Its Supporting Areas, Nurwidya Ambarwati

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Supported by a variety of diversity and landscapes, the development of tourism in the Petungkriyono area is growing rapidly. Optimizing ecotourism services in the Petungkriyono forest without disrupting the ecosystem and damaging the environment can be done by limiting the number of visitors at tourism sites. This study aims to find out information about the tourism capacity of some tourist attractions in the local forest. This study uses the Cifuentes model to predict the maximum number of visitor capacities that can be accommodated in a tourist attraction called Physical Carrying Capacity (PCC), Real Carrying Capacity (RCC), and Effective Carrying Capacity …

Forecasting Air Pollution Driven By Vehicle Growth, Public Transport, Industry, And Household Waste, Chandra Harjono, Ludy Gianto, Rachmattullah Sidik, Dyah Lestari Widaningrum

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Jakarta, Indonesia's bustling capital, is grappling with escalating air pollution levels attributed to a confluence of socio-economic and infrastructural factors. This study employs Vensim modelling to project PM2.5 pollution trends through 2040, analysing the dynamic interplay among major contributors: increased vehicular emissions, industrial activities, public transportation deficiencies, and waste management inefficiencies. Materials and Methods: The method that will be used in this air pollution analysis is to integrate empirical data spanning three years to construct a predictive model underpinned by a robust causal loop diagram that elucidates the relationships between system variables and air quality. The results of this paper …

Design And Optimization Of Eco-Friendly Biocomposite Films For Packaging Applications Using Response Surface Methodology, Ba Omoike, Fe Okieimen, C Imoisi

Tanzania Journal of Science

The use of synthetic polymers as packaging materials constitutes environmental pollution due to the accumulation of plastic waste after they are discarded. This study aimed at preparing and optimizing an environmental-friendly carboxymethyl starch/PVA/kaolin composite film using response surface methodology to develop potential solutions for replacing synthetic packaging and optimize the formulation of the biocomposite films. The biocomposite films were prepared by solution casting method. The interactive effect of carboxymethyl starch (CMS) (2.0-5.0 g), poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA) (0.0-3.0 g) and kaolin (0.00-0.22 g) on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), percentage elongation at break (%EB) and water vapour permeability (WVP) were determined. The …

Foreword From Handling Editor - 13th Edition, Ahyahudin Sodri

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

We are delighted to present the 13th edition of JESSD, published in December 2024. We have selected ten of the best articles for this edition that related with topic of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development.

Catalyzing Meteorological Insights With A Cost-Effective Weather Monitoring System, Ariful Alam, Sidratula Muntaha, Poonam Munshi, Israt Khan, Rakibul Islam, Jamil Bhuian, Md.Yasir Arafat, Md. Ridwanul Hasan

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Undoubtedly, one of the biggest alarming phenomena of this decade is the tremendous fluctuations in the weather and climate. Therefore, different types of surveys, investigations, and research are required in this regard in every region. A low-cost weather monitoring system can be implemented in every educational and research institute to collect and analyze different types of weather-related data. This study establishes the method of developing such a system and analyzing data in a simplified way which the data gathered during thunderstorms and cyclonic activity in Bangladesh. The system was designed with Proteus 8 professional software and developed by using a …

Assessing The Environmental Impact Of Municipal Solid Waste, Ojo Oluwayinka Florence, Olaniyan Olatunji Sunday, Akolade Adebola Saheed, Alabi Oluwaseyi Omotayo, Olaomotito Precious Adesope, Adebayo Kehinde John

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management presents significant environmental challenges, especially with increasing urbanization and population growth. This study assesses the environmental impacts of MSW, focusing on waste composition, management practices, and their effects on air, water, and soil quality. The primary objective is to evaluate how MSW contributes to environmental degradation and to explore strategies for mitigating these impacts. A hypothesis was developed that optimizing waste composition through proper sorting and treatment can reduce the environmental footprint of MSW management by at least 10% in terms of leachate production and greenhouse gas emissions. Samples were collected using a randomized sampling …

Impact Of Urban Development On Uv Exposure: A Clustering And Machine Learning Assessment, Taufik Roni Sahroni Mr., Verdi Yasin, Lulut Alfaris, Reza Ariefka, Ruben Cornelius Siagian, Mohammad Alfin Karim, Nana Rahdiana, Ade Suhara

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

The relocation of Indonesia's capital city is anticipated to promote inclusive economic growth while embracing cultural diversity. However, this transition may affect ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure patterns. The study investigated variations in UV exposure in the IKN region, focusing on urban development factors such as land use and population density that affect public health, sun protection, and skin cancer prevention. The research hypothesized that UV radiation is significantly correlated with these factors. UV Index data from 2010-2023, a hierarchical clustering method, identifies complex data patterns without determining the number of clusters. XGBoost, a machine learning model, was used for handling …

Road Safety Assessment For Accident And Non-Accident Cases Supporting Sustainable Development Goals 2030, Brian Nararya Nugraha, Sekar Warangi Nurcahyati, Hizkia Adhikaratma, Martha Leni Siregar

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Halving the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents is one target of the Sustainable Development Goals 2030, which is still a challenging problem in Indonesia. However, the majority of research on this topic uses accident-based methods, which limits the safety analysis. Two road safety assessment methods are used to close the gap, with the addition of non-accident-based methods such as Road Safety Audits (RSA). The Margonda Raya Road, which is categorised as a traffic accident blackspot, was selected for the case study. For this, a field survey of the road segment is carried out. To minimise …

Sustainable Practices And Green Marketing In Healthcare Sector: Visual Trends And Future Insight, Muhammad Alfarizi, Lissa Rosdiana Noer

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

The healthcare sector faces critical challenges, including climate change, rising healthcare demands, and resource inefficiencies, making sustainability a priority. This study investigates the integration of sustainable practices and green marketing within the healthcare sector using a bibliometric analysis of 194 journal articles published from 2015 to 2024. Key research questions explore evolving trends, thematic areas, and gaps in the literature to address sustainability issues. The study employs a rigorous five-phase bibliometric methodology, utilizing Scopus database data and tools like Bibliometrix and VOSViewer to identify key themes and relationships. The research demonstrates an annual growth rate of 56.24%, reflecting the rising …

Optimization Of External Disintegrating Materials In Wet Granulation Formulation Of Ondansetron Tablets, Yandi Permana, Syahrul Tuba, Taufik Riyadi, Sugindro Sugindro

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Inadequate management of chemotherapy-induced side effects, including nausea and vomiting, can impact the healing response of cancer patients. Ondansetron, a preferred medication for the treatment, is classified as a biopharmaceutic classification system (BCS) class II drug, which limits its bioavailability. To enhance its solubility, sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and pregelatinized starch (PG) are used as super disintegrants. This study investigates the impact of these super disintegrants on ondansetron dissolution and identifies the optimal formulation. Ondansetron tablets were prepared using the wet granulation method, with nine formulations varying in SSG and PG concentrations (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%). The tablets …

The Association Of Caregiver Attitudes, Information Sources, And Trust With Hpv Vaccine Initiation Among Adolescents, Akila Anandarajah, Thembekile Shato, Sarah Humble, Alan R Barnette, Heather M Brandt, Lisa M Klesges, Vetta L Sanders Thompson, Michelle I Silver

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This study described caregiver attitudes and the information sources they access about HPV vaccination for adolescents and determined their influence on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination initiation. An online survey was administered to 1,016 adults in July 2021. Participants were eligible if they were the caregiver of a child aged 9-17 residing in Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee, Missouri, and select counties in Southern Illinois. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the association of caregiver attitudes and information sources with HPV vaccination. Information from doctors or healthcare providers (87.4%) and internet sources other than social media (31.0%) were the most used sources …

Addressing Unprofessional Behaviors In The Clinical Learning Environment: Lessons From A Multi-Year Virtual, Intergenerational, Interdisciplinary Workshop, Stacey Rose, Anita Kusnoor, Phuong Huynh, Jocelyn Greely, Yesenia Rojas-Khalil, Doris Kung, Anne Gill, Nadia Ismail, Nital Appelbaum

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Optimizing the clinical learning environment (CLE) is a medical education priority nationwide.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a virtual, one-hour workshop engaging students, housestaff and faculty in small-group discussions of five case scenarios adapted from reported unprofessional behaviors in the CLE, plus didactics regarding mistreatment, microaggressions and bystander interventions.

RESULTS: Over two sessions (2021-2022), we engaged 340 students and 73 faculty/housestaff facilitators. Post-session surveys showed significant improvement in participants' ability to recognize and respond to challenges in the CLE.

DISCUSSION: Our innovative workshop, including scenarios derived from institutional reports of unprofessional behaviors, advanced participants' knowledge and commitment to improve …

Approved Car-T Therapies Have Reproducible Efficacy And Safety In Clinical Practice, Daniel Goyco Vera, Hiral Waghela, Mohamed Nuh, Jonathan Pan, Premal Lulla

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

CAR-T cell therapy has established itself as a highly effective treatment for hematological malignancies. There are currently six commercial CAR-T products that have been FDA approved for diseases such as B-ALL, LBCL, MCL, FL, MM, and CLL/SLL. "Real-world" studies allow us to evaluate outcomes from the general population to determine their efficacy and safety compared to those who were included in the original trials. Based on several well conducted "Real-world" studies that represent diverse populations, we report that outcomes from the original trials that led to the approval of these therapies are comparable to those in practice.

Assessing The Variability Of Heavy Rainfall Events During Gu Rainfall Season In Somalia, Abdinasir Elm, Paul Ts Limbu

Tanzania Journal of Science

The occurrence of heavy rainfall is a significant contributing factor to the occurrence of flooding in Somalia during the rainy season, resulting in substantial socio-economic consequences. This study investigates the spatial-temporal variations of Heavy Rainfall Events (HREs) occurring from March to May (MAM), commonly referred to as the Gu rainy season, in Somalia from 1991 to 2020. The analysis employed the Empirical Orthogonal Function method to investigate the spatial-temporal variations of HREs. The findings indicate that there is an unequal distribution HREs throughout the country, with the southern regions exhibiting the highest concentration of HREs of about 340 HREs, while …

Modelling The Effects Of Antiretroviral Therapy On Kidney Diseases Among Hiv Infected Individuals In Tanzania, Janeth Pancras Mchwampaka, Eunice Mureithi, Nyimvua Shaban Mbare

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study examined the role of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the dynamics of kidney diseases among HIV-infected individuals. A deterministic model was formulated for the dynamics of kidney disease in HIV-infected people with HAART as treatment in the model. Numerical simulations showed that though HAART reduces HIV progression to the AIDS stage, there is an increase in HIV-related kidney diseases. Also, the result obtained in this study showed that reducing the effective contact rate of HIV and improving the effectiveness of HAART by 99% in preventing the progression from HIV without symptoms group to HIV-related kidney diseases can …

Mathematical Analysis Of Monkeypox Transmission Dynamics With Control Strategie, Singo Juma Singo, Furaha Michael Chuma, Zubeda Seif Mussa

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study develops a mathematical model to analyze the transmission dynamics of Monkeypox and evaluate the effectiveness of control strategies. The model is formulated as a system of nonlinear differential equations, capturing key factors such as human-to-human transmission, zoonotic reservoirs, and control measures like vaccination, culling, personal hygiene and treatment. The model's equilibrium points, including the disease-free and endemic equilibria, are determined and analyzed for stability using the effective reproduction number, Re. Conditions under which Re<1 ensure the elimination of Monkeypox, while Re>1 indicates sustained transmission. A sensitivity analysis is performed to identify parameters that significantly influence Re​, such as the contact rate, effectiveness of control …

Improving Work Motivation Of Nutrition Implementers In Health Centers: Analysis Of The Influence Of Work Experience, Competence, And Rewards, Fauzie Rahman, Syamsul Arifin, Meitria Syahadatina Noor, Husaini Husaini, Rosihan Adhani, Muhammad Abdan Shadiqi, Neka Erlyani, Muhamad Muslim, Ifa Hafifah, Ha Thi Thu Trang

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Success in addressing nutritional problems can be achieved when nutrition implementers possess strong abilities and skills in executing nutritional service program activities at community health centers. High work motivation among nutrition implementers significantly contributes to the successful implementation of these programs. This study aims to analyze the influence of work experience, competence, and reward provision on the work motivation of nutrition implementers. This research employs a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The population consists of all nutrition implementers in South Kalimantan Community Health Centers' work area in Indonesia. A sample of 253 respondents was selected using purposive sampling. The …

Predicting Tuberculosis Vulnerability Based On Environmental Factors Using Multi-Criteria Analysis In Bukittinggi, Eka Budi Satria, Indang Dewata, Iswandi Umar, Nurhasan Syah, Linda Handayuni, Evi Hasnita

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Tuberculosis is still an infectious disease problem and the main cause of death in Indonesia, where there was an increase in cases from 301 per 100,000 population (2020) to 354,000 per 100,000 population (2021), with the death rate increasing by 55%. This research aims to determine the TB vulnerability cluster influenced by the main risk factors, namely TB prevalence, cure rate, immunization, population density, and population arrivals in Bukittinggi, using the Weight Product (WP) analysis method, and then describe them by mapping tuberculosis vulnerability. The findings indicate that four sub-districts exhibit the highest levels of tuberculosis vulnerability: Tarok Dipo (0.0379), …

Determinants Of Wasting Among Children Aged 6–23 Months In Indonesia, R. Trikoriyanto E. Koritelu, Ahmad Syauqy, Ani Margawati

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Wasting is a form of malnutrition that is a significant concern globally, including in Indonesia. It has a detrimental impact on children's health, the quality of human resources, and a country's overall development. This study aims to examine the prevalence and risk factors associated with wasting in children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia. The study design is cross-sectional, utilizing secondary data from the 2022 Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey. Data collection was conducted throughout Indonesia between March and December 2022. The sample size for this study was 70,414 children aged between 6 and 23 months. Bivariate analysis (χ² test) was …

Building Hope: Program For Handling Psychosocial Problems Of People Living With Hiv/Aids In Denpasar, Fitasya Khairunnisa, Oman Sukmana, Zaenal Abidin, Juli Astutik

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

The research aims to describe the forms of Psychosocial Problems Experienced by People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and the programs of the Spirit Paramacitta Foundation to overcome the psychosocial problems of PLWHA. The research location was the Spirit Paramacitta Foundation Denpasar, Bali Province. The research uses a qualitative descriptive. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, and documentation. Research subjects and informants were determined purposively. Data analysis techniques refer to the perspective of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which includes the processes: data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion and verification. The data validity techniques used are extended observations …

Spatio-Temporal Trends And Change Detection Of Surface Air Temperature In Tanzania: October To April Season., Laban Lameck Kebacho, Exavery Kisesa Makula, Paul Tilwebwa Shelleph Limbu

Tanzania Journal of Science

The paper examined the spatio-temporal variability and trends of minimum temperature (T-min), mean (T-mean), and maximum temperature (T-max) in Tanzania from October to April using the Climatic Research Unit Time Series version 4.06 from 1951-2021. The traditional Mann-Kendall (MK) test, modified MK, and Sen’s slope test were used to determine the trend direction and magnitude of the T-mean, T-max, and T-min trends, respectively. Sequential MK, standard normal homogeneity, and Pettitt tests were used to detect abrupt changes, while the Hurst coefficient (H) assessed future trend behavior. Results show a statistically significant increasing trend of 0.14 °C per decade, 0.18 °C …

Optimizing Co2-Expanded Hexane For Enhanced Yield And Antioxidant Activity Of Essential Oils From Citrus Reticulata, Mathayo Gervas Mathias, Idzumi Okajima

Tanzania Journal of Science

Wide range applications of citrus essential oil (EO) and environmental issues resulting from citrus processing industries render in the evolution of extraction techniques. The efficacy of the CO2-expanded hexane (CXH) extraction technique on mandarin orange EO, D-limonene, and total phenolic compounds (TPC) was evaluated and compared with conventional methods; hexane extraction and hydro-distillation. Moreover, the correlation of EO components with antioxidant activity was studied. It was revealed that CXH had better EO and D-limonene yields than conventional methods. The CXH optimal extraction conditions of 25 °C, 6.5 MPa, and 0.70 CO2 mole fraction offered 0.155 g-EO/g-dry peel and 51% D-limonene …

Cytotoxicity Of Heliotropium Indicum Methanolic Leaf Extract In Mice, Claudius D Luziga, Benedictor J Jagadi, Jackson A Ngou, Frida R Mgonja

Tanzania Journal of Science

Heliotropium indicum grows well in wet fertile soils often near rivers and lakes in tropical and subtropical countries. It contains phytochemicals with beneficial health effects. However, information is scarce on its cytotoxicity. The objective of this study was to determine cytotoxic effects of methanolic leaf extract of the plant in mouse organs. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control group A received distilled water 10 ml/kg. Groups B, C, and D received orally plant leaf extract at doses of 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 15 mg/kg respectively per day for 7 days. At the end of day 7 mice …

Antioxidant Potential Of Stingless Bee Honey From Mangrove And Montane Vegetation Types In Tanzania, Christopher Alphonce Mduda, Mkabwa Lawrence Katambo Manoko

Tanzania Journal of Science

Stingless bee honey is a rich source of antioxidants and is highly regarded in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The antioxidant capacity of honey can be influenced by its origin and the floral resources used by bees. Consequently, this study evaluated the antioxidant potential of stingless bee honey from two vegetation types: montane and mangrove. The honey samples displayed remarkable antioxidant potential, with notable levels of total phenolic content (197.0–263.1 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoid content (118.5–156.7 mg QE/100 g), ascorbic acid (25.1–30.0 mg/100 g), lycopene (2.8–3.7 mg/100 g), β-carotene (0.8–1.7 mg/100 g), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity …

Artificial Intelligence To Quantify Employee Communication And Personality Dynamics

Defensive Publications Series

Systems and methods for evaluating an employee’s professional personality are provided. The systems and methods may enable the use of artificial intelligence to perform sentiment analysis on one or more employee communications, and quantify one or more personality characteristics based on the one or more employee communications. The systems and methods may compare the quantified personality characteristics to one or more employees, and may generate one or more employee scores for employees for each of the one or more personality characteristics.

From Neoliberalism To Neofeudalism, Jodi Dean

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

No abstract provided.

Online Learning Transition: An Analysis Of Proactive Institutional Assistance In Reducing Difficulties During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Mohammed Yahya Alghamdi

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The COVID-19 pandemic caused major changes in the education system, with a shift to online learning, and experience has shown that transitioning from face-to-face instruction is difficult. This study involved 80 academic staff members from Al-Baha University in Saudi Arabia to learn about the benefits, limitations, and institutional support of online education in the setting of an epidemic. The study answers two primary questions: The first study question was, What difficulties did instructors face when they switched to online instruction? While the second research question was, How did institutional support influence the transition to online instruction? The study’s research methodology …

Evaluation Of The Effect Of Vitamin D Deficiency On Liver And Kidney Functions Of Iraqi Type Ii Diabetic Patients, Alaa Matar, Sarah Al-Tamimi, Jamilah Borjac

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is widespread across different age groups globally, linking to conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune disorders, and notably type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Investigating the impact of vitamin D on T2DM and associated kidney and liver functions has gained recent attention.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of vitamin D deficiency on kidney and liver functions in T2DM Iraqi patients.

Methods: Fifty T2DM patients and 50 controls were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were analyzed for glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), vitamin D, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline …