Digital Commons Network^™

Spatiotemporal Trends In Schistocephalus Solidus Infection Among Populations Of Alaskan Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus Aculeatus), A.M Wohlleben, Neva Meyer, N.C. Steinel

Biology

Understanding the dynamics of host-parasite interactions is essential for uncovering the ecological and evolutionary processes shaping natural populations. In this study, we investigated the spatial and temporal patterns of prevalence of the cestode Schistocephalus solidus in 4 Alaskan populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) over 11 years (1996 to 2006). Additionally, we assessed host tolerance through key indicators such as the Parasite Index and the presence of fibrotic scar tissue, a specialized form of resistance in this system. We observed fibrosis formation in both infected and uninfected fish across all populations, with notable year-to-year variability in Cornelius Lake. Here, fibrosis …

The Association Between Food Insecurity, Housing Insecurity, Self-Care Practice And Depression Among Black Immigrants In The United States, Beatrice Ngozi Mbaocha

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The prevalence and poor prognosis of depressive symptoms remain significant among adult Black immigrants in the United States. This study examined the complex interplay between food insecurity, housing insecurity, self-care practices, and depression among adult Black immigrants in the United States. Grounded in the socioecological model, this quantitative cross-sectional study analyzed data from N = 469 noninstitutionalized Black immigrant adults (54.2% female, 45.8% male) using the 2023 National Health Interview Survey. Binary logistic regression was employed to assess the probability of depressive symptoms as a function of food insecurity, housing insecurity, and self-care practices, controlling for age, gender, and employment …

Universal Jurisdiction And The Principle Of Subsidiarity, Michael P. Scharf, Elise Manchester, Pilar Sofia Corso

International Law Journal

In an effort to render universal jurisdiction more palatable, in recent years States have applied the so-called subsidiarity principle. Under this principle, States exercising universal jurisdiction defer prosecution of international crimes to a State which has a stronger connection to the case, normally the State where the crimes were committed or the State of nationality of the accused, provided one of those States is able and willing to pursue the case. Through a study of the statutes and caselaw of States applying universal jurisdiction, this Article seeks to discern whether subsidiarity is merely a non-binding political concept, an emerging (or …

Perpetual Statehood Among Rising Tides: The Case Of Tuvalu And The Future Of Statehood, Sovereignty, And Maritime Bounds In The Face Of Unprecedented Climate Crisis, Caroline Crawford

International Law Journal

As climate change threatens the physical existence of low-lying island nations, the question of whether a country can retain statehood without territory becomes increasingly urgent. Tuvalu, facing potential submersion by 2050, has amended its constitution to declare perpetual statehood, challenging traditional international legal definitions that link sovereignty to physical territory. This Article examines the legal implications of Tuvalu’s declaration and explores whether current frameworks, including the Montevideo Convention, selfgovernance, the presumption of continuity, the Lotus principle, and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (“UNCLOS”), can accommodate such a claim. It advocates for legal innovations such as …

Promoting Equity For Children And Adolescents Through Implementation Processes In Health And Social Care: A Scoping Review, Michelle Gooey, Heather Morris, Rebecca Madill, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Ahlia Griffiths, Melissa Savaglio, Claire Blewitt, Amanda O'Connor, Sara Holton, Helia Khalesi, Sofia Grage-Moore, Maria Fernandez, Echezona E Ezeanolue, Allison Metz, Ana Baumann, Helen Skouteris

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Despite the many existing implementation methods, theories, and frameworks, implementation science is insufficiently closing the research-to-practice gap. Bridging this gap is critical to achieving healthy and thriving communities globally, and requires implementation processes that promote equity and reach diverse populations, especially those most in need. The aim of this scoping review was to identify, thematically analyse, categorise, and provide examples of implementation processes described in equity-focused literature, with a focus on health and social care interventions for children and adolescents from birth to 18 years of age.

Methods: A comprehensive search of literature was undertaken across six electronic databases …

The Relationship Between Autistic Traits And Depression Among Self-Reporting College-Aged Adults, Tyler Michael Davis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Depression is a prevalent mental health concern among emerging adults, particularly within college populations where academic, social, and developmental stressors are heightened. Autistic traits are increasingly understood as dimensional characteristics that exist across both clinical and non-clinical populations, yet their relationship to depressive symptoms in college-aged adults remains insufficiently understood. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional correlational study was to examine the relationship between self-reported autistic traits and depressive symptoms among non-clinical adults aged 18 to 25. The study was grounded in Beck’s cognitive theory of depression and the diathesis–stress model, which posit that cognitive vulnerabilities interact with environmental stressors …

Risk, Trust, And Medical Decision-Making: Perinatal Care Among Patients And Providers In South Florida, Isabella Viera

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This thesis examines how structural inequality shapes the experience of perinatal care among pregnant individuals and healthcare providers in South Florida, with particular attention to how risk is perceived and communicated, how trust between patients and providers is built or eroded, and how medical decision-making unfolds under conditions of structural vulnerability. Drawing on multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork conducted between October 2025 and April 2026, supplemented by a quantitative analysis of low-birth-weight rates across all 67 Florida counties, the project analyzes how risk is defined, communicated, and lived across community-based prenatal organizations, online educational platforms, and in-depth provider and patient interviews. The …

Comparative Lca Of Germanium Production From Coal Fly Ash Using Chlorinated Distillation And Solvent Extraction, Dennis Dadzie, Kwame Awuah-Offei, Michael Moats, Nasib Al Habib, Weston Hartzell

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Germanium is increasingly important for high-tech applications, yet its supply chain is vulnerable, with production limited to a few countries. Although prior research has explored alternative techniques for extracting and recovering germanium, the literature lacks comparative life-cycle evidence that quantifies their environmental burdens and translates findings into actionable (policy) recommendations. This paper presents a cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment that compares the environmental burdens of producing 1 kg of single-crystal germanium from coal fly ash via chlorinated distillation (CD) and solvent extraction (SX). Under the study's assumptions, CD has lower potential impacts in 15 of 19 impact categories, while both routes show …

The Employment Situation Of Veterans: June 2026, Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

The June 2026 Employment Situation of Veterans report from Syracuse University’s Institute for Veterans and Military Families (IVMF), based on Bureau of Labor Statistics data, highlights a softening labor market for veterans in June 2026. Veteran unemployment rose from 3.2% in May to 4.1% in June, matching the national unemployment rate but representing a notable monthly increase. Post-9/11 veterans experienced a rise from 4.1% to 4.8%. Younger veterans faced the greatest challenges, with unemployment among those ages 18–24 increasing sharply to 17.4%. Unemployment also increased among veterans ages 25–34 and 55–64. By gender, rates rose for both men and women, …

Upar-Guided Dendrimer Gel Nanoparticles Reprogram Inflammation To Stabilize Atherosclerotic Plaques, Hsin Yin Chuang, Huari Kou, Yue-Wern Huang, Hu Yang

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Atherosclerosis is characterized by lipid deposition, chronic inflammation, and apoptosis within the arterial wall, leading to plaque progression and instability. Current lipid-lowering therapies fail to fully address residual cardiovascular risk driven by local inflammation and cell death. Here, we report the development of uPA-functionalized, rapamycin-encapsulated dendrimer nanoparticles (G5PM-uPA/RA) that preferentially accumulate in urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR)-enriched atherosclerotic plaque, including macrophage- and apoptosis-rich lesion microenvironments. G5PM-uPA/RA was constructed by cross-linking reaction-enabled flash nanoprecipitation in a custom-made multi-inlet vortex mixer, followed by thiol-maleimide conjugation of uPA for uPAR-guided targeting. The nanoparticles demonstrated uniform morphology, favorable stability, and efficient rapamycin loading. In …

Drivers Of Professional Satisfaction In Emergency Medicine Residency Training In The Us, Arvin Radfar Akhavan, Kirstin Woody Scott, Patrick Hewes, Erin Kinney, Boris Pavic, Josh Simmons, Michelle Lall, Michael Gottlieb, Yvette Calderon, Dave Lu

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Physician wellness discussions often center on burnout and negative aspects of clinical practice. Less is known about what brings professional satisfaction to physicians, particularly among emergency medicine (EM) residents. Understanding drivers of professional satisfaction is important for the future of the specialty as they may influence residents' career decisions. This study aimed to identify drivers of professional satisfaction among a national cohort of EM residents.

METHODS: We conducted a mixed methods study using a survey administered following the 2024 ABEM In-Training Examination to EM residents in ACGME-accredited programs. The single-item, free-text survey question asked: "List the top 3 drivers …

Detecting And Correcting Systematic Image Distortion In Digital Atomic-Resolution Images From Crystals: Projected Symmetry Of Graphite Calibration Samples For Scanning Prove Microscopy And Subperiodic Crystals For Aberration-Corrected Transmission Electron Microscopy, Tyler Michael Bortel

Dissertations and Theses

Though it is an impressive technology, Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) produces images commonly plagued by small systematic errors, often called "drift". These effects have a variety of causes, most notably nonlinear behavior of piezoelectric actuator tubes responsible for the positioning of the scanning probe or sample. One result of these distortions is a potential incorrect classification of the symmetry groups and projected Laue classes of recorded images from crystals—made possible by using recently developed objective methods. An implementation of a known method for detecting and correcting these errors is presented. This method operates strictly in Fourier space so as to …

Perceived Sensitivity Of Sensor-Based Digital Health Data: Qualitative Interview Study, Christine Deeney, Anika Sonig, Meghan E Hurley, Birkan Tunç, Eric A Storch, John D Herrington, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby, Kristin Kostick-Quenet

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Digital health tools are increasingly used in mental health care to passively collect patient data and analyze health status outside of clinical settings. While technologies such as digital phenotyping, affective computing, and computational behavioral analysis offer new insights into symptom manifestation in daily life, they generate large volumes of potentially sensitive data that raise significant data privacy concerns, requiring high levels of patient awareness and consent. Empirical research is lacking on stakeholder understandings toward the sensitivity of these data and expectations for data stewardship, perspectives that are critical for developing robust informed consent and data protection policies for digital …

Thanks For The Signal-Now What? Program Director Perspectives On How Preference Signals Are Shaping General Surgery Residency Recruitment, John M Woodward, Connie Y Gan, Darci C Foote, Tasha Posid, Nicole M Santucci, Noosha D Deravi, Caitlin Silvestri, Kirstyn E Brownson, Erika Simmerman Mabes, Rondi Gelbard, Milanie Milan, Nina Zhao, Dylan R Nieman, Martha Godfrey, Benjamin D Ferguson, Joseph C L'Huillier, Colleen Mcdermott, Prajjwol Luitel, Olabisi Sheppard, Jennifer H Chen, Emma G Burke, Jenny M Guido, Ladonna Kearse, Jonathan Davies, Trenton Foster, Sarah Lund

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: We aimed to explore general surgery program director (PD) experiences with and perspectives on preference signaling in a 15-signal system.

Design: We performed qualitative analysis of de-identified transcripts from semi-structured interviews of general surgery PDs.

Setting: General surgery PDs across the United States.

Participants: All general surgery PDs in the spring of 2025 were invited to participate. Fifteen PDs volunteered to participate in semi-structured interviews (73% university-based, 53% programs with < 8 residents/class).

Results: PDs highlighted that signals saved time when utilized as a screening tool, which gave PDs more time for holistic review of applications. PDs also felt signaling increased equity …

Dna-Fish Metaphase Spreads To Distinguish Extrachromosomal Dna From Homogeneously Staining Regions In Human Cancer Cell Lines, Lauren Marie Masters, Katelin Maria Hagstrom, Graham Scott Erwin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Whole-genome sequencing identifies focal DNA amplifications with base-pair resolution but cannot determine whether amplified sequences reside on extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA, also known as double minutes) or within chromosomally integrated homogeneously staining regions (HSRs). DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (DNA-FISH) metaphase spreads remain the gold standard for distinguishing these amplification states at single-cell resolution. Here, we present a detailed protocol for DNA-FISH metaphase spreads using human cancer cell lines, encompassing cell culture, metaphase arrest, hypotonic treatment, fixation, chromosome spreading, fluorescent probe hybridization, and fluorescence imaging. The protocol incorporates intermediate quality-control steps to verify successful chromosome dispersion and optimize metaphase spread quality, …

Disparitas Putusan Hakim Dalam Menentukan Keabsahan Klausul Non-Kompetisi Pada Perjanjian Kerahasiaan (Studi Kasus Gugatan Wanprestasi Terhadap Eks Pekerja Pt Foom Lab Global), Winda Octaviani Fadilah, Togi M.P. Pangaribuan

Lex Patrimonium

This study analyzes the validity of Non-Competition Clauses in Non-Disclosure Agreements through judicial disparities in cases involving former PT Foom Lab Global employees. The normative framework is built upon Articles 1320, 1337, and 1338 of the Indonesian Civil Code, freedom of work laws, and trade secret protection. The study distinguishes standard confidentiality obligations from Non-Competition Clauses, which require strict validity testing due to their restrictive nature on workers' rights. First-instance findings reveal conflicting reasoning: Decision No. 168 voided the clause based on freedom of work, whereas Decisions No. 155 and No. 666 upheld it based on freedom of contract and …

Standar Ganti Rugi Materil Dalam Kasus Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Pada Hewan Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Kasus Blackout Pln Pada Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 09/Pdt.G.S/2019/Pn Jkt Slt, Nathania Debora Siagian, Rosa Agustina

Lex Patrimonium

This study examines the standard of material compensation for pet deaths due to unlawful acts in Indonesian law, using a case study of District Court Decision No. 09/PDT.G.S/2019/PN JKT Sel, which rejected a claim for the death of four koi fish due to a power outage by PLN. Through doctrinal legal research with case and comparative law approaches, this study finds that Indonesian law still categorizes animals as movable objects, limiting compensation to provable economic loss, without considering emotional value. The court ruled that the power outage was not an unlawful act due to lack of fault, thus limiting PLN’s …

Perlindungan Pembeli Yang Beritikad Baik Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Tanah Namun Dinyatakan Wanprestasi: Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 524 B/Pdt.Sus-Arbt/2024, Yosita Dea Suwanto, Togi Marolop Pradana Pangaribuan

Lex Patrimonium

This study examines whether PT Adhi Persada Properti (PT APP) qualifies as a good-faith purchaser under a Land Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli/PPJB) and is therefore entitled to legal protection in a dispute culminating in Indonesian Supreme Court Decision No. 524 B/Pdt.Sus-Arbt/2024. The study employs a normative juridical method, applying statutory, conceptual/doctrinal, and case-based approaches through an analysis of BANI Surabaya Arbitration Award No. 64/ARB/BANI-SBY/II/2023, Bekasi District Court Decision No. 531/Pdt.Sus-Arb/2023/PN Bks, and Supreme Court Decision No. 524 B/Pdt.Sus-Arbt/2024. The study finds that a PPJB establishes an obligational relationship; accordingly, PT APP is positioned as a …

Institutional Design For Economic Development In Transmigration Areas Using The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (Slf) — The Pentahelix Model To Accelerate Tourism: A Case Study Of Simeulue, Reza Nur Arsyi

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

Simeulue's tourism sector possesses natural advantages (world-class beaches and waves), yet its added value has not been optimally converted at the regional level, particularly within the Selaut Transmigration Area (KT Selaut). This finding provides a blueprint for tourism economics based on the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) and Pentahelix collaboration (ABCGM) to strengthen the end-to-end tourism value chain. Methods: desk review of statistical documents and policies, supplemented by planning synthesis (RIPPDA). Results: (1) Simeulue has 138 villages across 11 sub-districts, with strategic village institutional foundations but tourism capacity remains dispersed; (2) indications of the absence of star-rated accommodations and limited amenity …

1954 Letters, Reports, And Other Documents Related To The Beaver Research Council, Box 42, John S. Mclaughlin, James V. Lloyd, Victor B. Scheffer, Wyoming Game And Fish Commison, Ferd Kleinchnitz, Colorado Game And Fish Department, Fish And Wildlife Service, Lee E. Yeager, Colorado Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, James E. Grasse, Ralph Hill, Stanley C. Joseph, John Retzer, Barton Herschler

Rocky Mountain National Park

Letters, reports, and other documents related to the Beaver Resource Council, including the effect of beavers on stream flow and water systems within the park, land management, and possible population control methods. Terms: Rocky Mountain National Park; Beavers; Beaver Research Council; Cahalane; Roosevelt Forest; Chambers Lake; Cascade Creek; Hague Creek; aspen trees; forest management; Middle St. Vrain; Jim Cole; Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station; Barton Herschler; Martin Hoover; stream flow; Sheep Lake; Horseshoe Park; Cottonwood Creek; Ralph Hill; fish management; Martin Hoover; Stan Broman; agriculture; Tolson

1951 Memo Regarding Flood Prevention Efforts Box 42, David Canfield

Rocky Mountain National Park

Memorandum from Park Superintendent regarding the Lily Lake flood, and concern of Estes Park that Lawn Lake could pose a similar risk. Questions of jurisdiction and practical elements of dam construction are discussed in relation to the National Park Service, Bureau of Reclamation, and town of Estes Park. Terms: Rocky Mountain National Park; Flooding; Lily Lake; Fish Creek; South St. Vrain Highway; Baldpate Inn; Estes Park; Lawn Lake; LaNoue; dams; Horseshoe Park; National Park Service; Bureau of Reclamation; Big Thompson Project; state fish hatchery; Olympus Dam; Estes Park Power Plant; J. H. Knight; South Platte River District; State Engineer; Estes …

1950 Letters And Documents Related To Land Purchases In Rocky Mountain National Park, As Part Of Plans For The 1953 Land Acquisition Program, 601 Land File, Box45, John S. Mclaughlin, Howard W. Baker, Moses Smith, David H. Canfield, George F. Ingalls, H. A. Hubler, Oscar Chapman

Rocky Mountain National Park

Letters and other documents related to possible land purchases and acquisitions in Rocky Mountain National Park. Terms: Rocky Mountain National Park; Land acquisition; Gratton; Hackett; Moses Smith; Gillespie; Big Meadows; 1953 Land Acquisition Program; LaNoue; NPS-L-4; Lewis; Emmert; Oscar Chapman; Seymour; Buckingham; Cunningham; Beaver Creek; Ted Swem; Shadow Mountain Reservoir; Granby; Batson; Demaray; Francis M. Kinney; Thomas C. Marsh

Series Of Documents Related To Acquisition Of Lands By Rocky Mountain National Parks, Primarily Involving The Lands Of Peter Hondius, Donations File 605. Box 45, George F. Ingalls, Hillroy A. Tolson, Newton B. Drury, David H. Canfield, Francis D. Lanoue, Pieter Hundius, Lawrence C. Marriam, Conrad L. Writh, John S. Mclaughlin, Edward J. Low, C. Girard Davidson, Huge M. Miller, Theodore Spector, Brice Sheriff

Rocky Mountain National Park

Memoranda, letters, and other documents related to acquisition of lands for Rocky Mountain National Park, especially involving the lands of Pieter Hondius. Terms: Rocky Mountain National Park; land acquisition; Peter Hondius; Pieter Hondius, Tolson; Doris B. Robinson; Carrol E. Robinson; George Ingalls; Newton Drury; David H. Canfield; Francis D. LaNoue; Larimer County; Pipeline Road; Suny Ridge Subdivision Road; South Woodland Heights Road; High Drive Road; Baldwin Ditch; possessory rights; Lawrence C. Merriam; Edward J. Low; Ezra H. Kauffman; Summerland Subdivision; Hugh M. Miller; Grand County; Grand County Abstract Company; Theodore Spector; Brice Sheriff; Fred McLaren; Henry C. Low; Florence Snedaker; …

Series Of Documents Relating To The Exchange Of State School Lands In Rocky Mountain National Park, 605 Entries (General) File, Box 45, Howard W. Baker, Weldon W. Gratton, David H. Canfield, Fred Mclaren

Rocky Mountain National Park

Memoranda and letters related to exchange of State school lands in Rocky Mountain National Park. Terms: Rocky Mountain National Park; State school; land acquisition; Ingalls; Weldon W. Gratton; Forest Service; Bureau of Land Management; Howard Baker; David H. Canfield; Doerr; Colorado State Land Board; Dinosaur National Monument; Tolson; Byron Mock; Taylor Grazing Act; Thomas J. Allen, Jr.; C. W. Chatfield; Fred McLaren

1940s Documents Related To Water Rights And Right-Of-Way In Rocky Mountain National Park, 607 Jurisdictions (General File), Box 45, Ernest Field, Oscar Chapman

Rocky Mountain National Park

Memorandum and letter relating to water right-of-way and status of irrigation ditches in Rocky Mountain National Park. Terms: Rocky Mountain National Park; Horseshoe Ditch; Horseshoe Park; Jones Ditch; Aspen glen Campground; Beaver Ditch; Beaver Meadows; Hupp Ditches; Hollowell Park; Harbison Ditch; Harbison Meadows; Selak Ditch; Selak Meadows; Ernest K. Field; William S. Hill; Henry J. Heinricy; reservoir right-of-way; Arbuckle Reservoir Company; Oscar L. Chapman

Collection Of Mid-20th Century Documents About The Status Of Private Property In Rocky Mountain National Park, Including Attempts At Acquisition, 610 Private Landowners, Box 45, Howard W. Baker, David H. Canfield, Fred L. Mclauren, J. Barton Herschler, J. V. Lloyd, Duke W. Dunbar, Carl R. Swartzlow, Louis Croft, Jackson Priece, John S. Mclaughlin, Hillroy A. Tolson, Frances Lanoue, Conrad L. Writh, Wayne H. Hackett, John W. Anderson, William M. Beek, R. E. Elston Dr., Fern Smith, Alta Smith, Lloyd W. Bruce

Rocky Mountain National Park

Documents about the status of private land in Rocky Mountain National Park, including lists of landowners, names of properties, history of acquisitions and negotiations, and other matters. Terms: Rocky Mountain National Park; land acquisition; National Park Service; private property; A. E. Demaray; Enos Mills; Mrs. Enos Mills; Horseshoe Park; J. Barton Herschler; Irwin S. Beattie; Ernest H. Brink; Carl J. Nelson; Jessie R. Nelson; C. J. O'Brien; Harriet O'Brien; Redwood Fisher; Henry Rhone; Carolyn Rhone; Dean. M. Gillespie; Mary R. Gadehaux; F. A. Gadehaux; Mary Alice Schneer Gudgel; H. G. Gill; H. A. Gill; Clyde F. Sargent; Helen I. Smith; …

The Final Payroll: Human Resources, Meet Machine Resources, Sarah Yee

Student Journal of Information Privacy Law

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly embedded in employment practices, particularly in hiring and screening, the need for robust regulatory frameworks is urgent. This Article focuses on the growing use of AI in workplace decision-making, highlighting the risks of algorithmic bias and discrimination. It argues that while the United States lacks a unified legal approach to governing AI in employment, the European Union (EU) has taken a more proactive and comprehensive stance. Through instruments like the proposed EU AI Act and existing data protection laws such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the EU imposes meaningful obligations on employers …

Blurred Lines: How Mandatory Arbitration Clauses In Termsof Service Agreements Undermine Privacy Law Frameworks, Owen Curnin

Student Journal of Information Privacy Law

Following the birth of the Federal Arbitration Act–which made arbitration agreements valid, enforceable, and irrevocable in courts of law–mandatory arbitration clause use in commercial, consumer, and employment contracts exploded. These types of clauses require parties to submit all disputes arising out of or related to a contract to an impartial third party. This third party, known as the arbitrator, reviews the facts, listens to the parties’ arguments, and makes a final, binding decision resolving the dispute. Corporations have long relied on mandatory arbitration clauses to resolve disputes privately and confidentially, often hoping to avoid the public scrutiny and accountability associated …

The Other Right To Counsel: The Civil Guarantee In State Constitutions, Dmitry Bam

Maine Law Review

When most people speak of the right to counsel, they speak in the singular. After the Supreme Court’s seminal decision in Gideon v. Wainwright, the right to counsel in criminal prosecutions has become one of our most cherished fundamental rights. It is a right ingrained in our culture. Even children can recite the mantra that the accused have the right to a lawyer, and if they can’t afford a lawyer, one will be provided to them free of charge. It is no surprise, then, that our constitutional focus is trained on the criminal defendant’s right to counsel. After all, there …

Foreword, Adam Fortier-Brown

Maine Law Review

Access to legal services in America has emerged as one of the most pressing structural challenges facing the legal community. As attorneys increasingly concentrate in metropolitan areas, large areas are left with few practicing attorneys and challenging prospects of attracting many more. The consequences of this challenge reach across nearly every aspect of life in these communities—from housing and family stability, to starting or winding down businesses, and critically, to the constitutional guarantees that attach when someone is charged with a crime. Yet, these challenges have also generated a period of genuine creativity and collaboration between communities and different institutions. …