Digital Commons Network^™

Ma61c-Smallsat, Saish Sridharan, Ran Qedar

Small Satellite Conference

The Multipurpose Adapter Generic Interface Connector SmallSat (MA61C-SmallSat) adapter, developed by Space Products and Innovation (SPiN), supports nine interfaces on 28 ports, configuring 11 sensor and actuator groups. The intelligent MA61C-SmallSat is an intermediate layer between satellite electronic components and the onboard computer, facilitating seamless data routing and communication interface adaptation. It was developed for the modular Attitude Determination and Control System (mADCS) project, funded by the European Space Agency (ESA), which aims to create a versatile 'modular-ADCS' subsystem for small satellites. This system integrates the MA61C-SmallSat hardware board, boasting plug-and-play adaptive software for effortless integration and universal ADCS software. …

A Low-Cost, Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulator Facilitating Cubesat Star Tracker Development, Hongrui Zhao, Adrian Zhuang, Michael F. Lembeck

Small Satellite Conference

CubeSats are increasingly used to support complex missions requiring accurate attitude knowledge and pointing control. To meet these requirements, miniature star trackers are being manifested with CubeSat attitude control systems. Accurate performance verification of these trackers can be facilitated using a low-cost, hardware-in-the-loop simulator. The simulator covered in this paper incorporates a high-resolution monitor and a collimating lens to project a simulated star field for the star tracker under test. Based on a systematic accuracy analysis, this simulator is shown to be precise enough to allow for successful star identification and attitude determination in a closed loop test. An empirical …

Robust Symbol Rate Correction Of Multi-H Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keyed Signals In The Presence Of Doppler, Brendan Hill, Nazia Mozaffar, Salwan Damman

Small Satellite Conference

Communications with a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite require tracking and correcting both the Doppler frequency offset and the symbol rate. A constant envelope signal such as Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying (CPFSK) is a popular choice for driving a power amplifier close to its 1 dB compression point. Establishing a changing modulation index (“multi-h”) in the CPFSK signal produces coding gain, which requires a Viterbi decoder in the receiver. A simple way to create this coding gain is to alternate between two modulation indices. A receiver with a Viterbi decoder-assisted time and phase correction of a Continuous Phase Frequency …

An Evaluation Of Cubesat Orbital Decay Utilizing Adcs, Sanjeev Mehta, Noé Lugaz, May-Win Thein

Small Satellite Conference

Since the early 2000s, the number of nanosatellites launched has shown an exponential trend. As Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is getting crowded with nanosatellites and small satellites, FCC's new "five-year rule" regulation requires space operators to plan disposal through re-entry into Earth's atmosphere in no more than five years after the mission's end. One was to decelerate and deorbit a satellite is by increasing the satellite drag area using active attitude control, which can be used to tactically deorbit satellites to satisfy the "five-year rule".

The atmospheric density in the upper atmosphere (LEO region) widely varies as a function of …

System Design For Small Satellites In Very Low Earth Orbit, Kashyapa Naren Athreyas, Anusha Banninthaya, Wee Seng Lim

Small Satellite Conference

In the recent years, the very low earth orbit (VLEO) mission concepts are getting popular owing to the advantages it brings. VLEO is considered to be below 400 km in general, and as the satellites orbit closer to the surface, the earth observation data can be more accurate than the data from LEO. The image resolution can be better for the same camera technology, the radio wave applications will experience lower ionospheric disturbances, and the scientific data collection in those altitudes can help to improve the atmospheric models. However, there a significant challenge in orbiting at such altitudes, which is …

The Progress Ahead On The Pedago-Sat Academic Nanosatellite Training Platform Project, Aissa Boutte, El Yazid Belaidi

Small Satellite Conference

Since the beginning of 2022, development of the ”PEDAGO-SAT” platform has been underway, in line with a 36-months development plan that proposes a nano-satellite platform (Open -source) using an accessible products. The main objective is to design a training solution aligned with the Algerian Space Agency’s (ASAL) strategy to promote local aerospace activity and encourage national universities to play a role in advancing this sector. Once the nanosatellite is built and the tests on the various sub-systems and learning scenarios and procedure validated, the project’s outcome will be proposed as an educational support to space engineering graduates and training the …

Prompt Anomaly Detection For Small Satellites In Low-Earth Orbit Constellations: A Machine Learning Approach, Weicheng Qian, Joshua Dejong, Bryan Cooke

Small Satellite Conference

Small satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations are shaping the future of communications and Earth observation. Despite having inherent advantages such as lower latency and faster deployments due to quicker and cheaper access to space, monitoring the large number of LEO satellites imposes a significant burden when considering the long-established methods of human-in-the-loop anomaly detection and recovery. Timely responses to anomalies reduce operational outages and help maximize the availability of the network. Traditional rule-based detection and supervised learning have inherent limitations in monitoring the large numbers of space assets projected to be launched over the next decades because more …

Dear Sarah Weddington, Barbara Lesavoy

Gatherings

The essay is a retrospective, creative, non-fiction, personal narrative on reproductive justice written in the form of a letter to Sarah Weddington, the attorney who argued and won the 1973 landmark abortion rights case, Roe V. Wade. Sarah Weddington passed away on December 26, 2021, preceding the June 24, 2022, Supreme Court reversal of Roe v. Wade.

A Green Propulsion Dual Mode (Gpdm) In-Space Technology Demonstration On A 6u Cubesat, Nehemiah Joel Williams, Darren S. Wallace, Christopher G. Burnside, Austin Moore, Josh Leblanc, Beau C. Simpson, Harold S. Stephens

Small Satellite Conference

Over the past decade there has been an increase in the launch and operations of small spacecraft. Small spacecraft (defined as having a total vehicle mass of < 180 kg) provide an opportunity for low-cost, high impact technology demonstrations on a small scale. They also create opportunities for government, industry, and academic to engage, transfer knowledge, and extend partnerships with non-traditional partners. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is leading a collaborative effort to demonstrate a dual-mode (chemical and electrospray) propulsion system using a common propellant system as a payload on a 6U CubeSat. The novel feature in the propulsion system is the interfacing of propulsion technologies requiring dramatically different operating conditions and support hardware. GPDM will use a low toxicity or "green" propellant known as Advanced Spacecraft Energetic Non-Toxic (ASCENT) to demonstrate using a chemical thruster for translation burns and electrospray propulsion for both attitude control and translational burns on the spacecraft. Specific mission activities could include demonstration of collision avoidance during frequent altitude adjustment maneuvers to validate thruster performance and managing extended duration thruster burns of at least 24 hours with limited vehicle contact times. This paper will summarize the ground testing, spacecraft development, mission objectives, and mission planning activities to achieve some of GPDM's technical objectives.

In-Orbit Demonstration Of A Steam-Powered Propulsion System, Marco Pavan, Ivan Timofeev, Vladimir Fedorov

Small Satellite Conference

The Steam Thruster One is a 2U electrothermal thruster able to provide a Total Impulse of 1200 Ns, with a thrust over 5 mN and requiring less than 20W of power input. The system uses just low pressure water as the main propellant, making it completely safe for integration and operations both on the ground and in space. The propulsion system converts low pressure liquid water into superheated steam, which is then ejected through a nozzle creating thrust. One Steam Thruster One propulsion system was launched in 2023 for a demonstrative/commercial mission, aboard a 100 kg satellite deployed in a …

Flight Results And Lessons Learned From The Starling Propulsion System, Terry Stevenson

Small Satellite Conference

NASA's Starling mission is a swarm of four 6U Cubesats flying in formation in Low Earth Orbit to demonstrate scalable swarm technologies, particularly related to crosslink networking. In order to maintain and modify their formation, the Starling spacecraft use a cold gas propulsion system called Hamlet, which provides each spacecraft with 30 m/s of delta-V, as well as attitude control during maneuvers. Hamlet is a fully self-contained system, incorporating propellant tanks, valves, nozzles, and control electronics. Most of the structure of Hamlet is a single piece of stereolithography-printed composite, which simplifies assembly and allows for unusual tank geometry that maximizes …

Automation As A Mindset: An Approach To Streamlining Spacecraft Development And Operations, Annalisa Vilaysing, Terrance Yee, Elizabeth Nelson

Small Satellite Conference

With limited opportunities and funding for deep space missions, there is increased pressure to build better, faster, and cheaper space-borne payloads. Smaller teams and limited tools provide a unique challenge for such development. This paper reviews the approach the Micro-Mission Systems (MMS) group at Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS) took in the development of the Mars Synchronous Orbiter (MSO) to streamline and automate various tasks so team members could focus their efforts on solving more difficult problems and minimize user induced errors.

The team utilized free tools to automate labor intensive and manual processes, run and monitor tests with little …

Automated Design And Validation Of Acquisition Patterns For Optical Inter-Cubesat Links, René Rüddenklau, Jorge Rosano Nonay, Georg Schitter

Small Satellite Conference

Commercially available CubeSats with volumes of up to six units cannot achieve the precision required for an instantaneous establishment of a low-divergence optical inter-satellite link employing solely their attitude-determination and control system. Those residual attitude errors are present due to vibrations and limited control precision caused by the commonly used reaction wheel actuators. Thus, search patterns are used to scan the remaining field of uncertainty in order to achieve an optical inter-satellite. This work focuses on the development of an automated procedure to optimize the interaction between each of the individual search patterns. The performance of the two combined patterns …

Approach To Automated Processes For Satellite Operations, Gianmarco Broilo, Jan-Christoph Scharringhausen

Small Satellite Conference

The European Data Relay System (EDRS) provides a high speed data link between ground stations and satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The communication between LEO satellites is achieved via optical inter-satellite links, the data is then relayed to ground using a Ka-Band antenna. During nominal operations, up to 200 links per day are foreseen to be commanded by the ground system at DLR's German Space Operations Center (GSOC). This large number of complex activities connected to each link is beyond the capabilities of a classical operational concept where only manual operations are performed by a single satellite operator. Therefore, …

The Moral Decision (Edmond Cahn, 1955), Ernest M. Jones

Florida Law Review

No abstract provided.

Development And Implementation Of An Interprofessional Education (Ipe) Curriculum: Theory And Practice, Valeriy Kozmenko Md, Cassandra Jackson Md, Nathan Blaseg Msiv, Mark Beard Md, Trisha Leann Horsley Phd, Rn, Chse, Cne, Sabina Kupershmidt Phd, Whitney Lucas Molitor, Kari Taggart Pharm D, Bcccp, Julio C. De La Torre-Montero Rn, Phd, Victor M. Gonzalez Rn, Phd, David Smith, Nikolai Hristov Md, Enver Roshi Md

Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)

Introduction: Modern healthcare has been shifting to the team-based patient care which requires team members to effectively interact with each other. Learning team skills at the point of healthcare can compromise patient safety, therefore interprofessional education (IPE) was created. IPE is an activity where learners from two or more healthcare professions learn with and from each other (WHO, 2010). IPE requires careful design and integration into the existing curricula. It involves multiple health care programs with different scheduling timelines, existing curricula, scopes of practice, accreditation requirements, teaching environments and cultures. The University of South Dakota (USD) has conducted a university-wide …

Using Star Trackers To Improve Space Situational Awareness, Carter Hyndman

Small Satellite Conference

The Kessler syndrome presents a scenario in which space debris produced from an orbital collision increases the risk of further collisions, resulting in an exponential growth of on-orbit debris. With the proliferation of Resident Space Objects (RSOs) in the near-Earth space environment, continual development of ground-based and space-based detection, monitoring, and cataloguing systems is paramount in mitigating the risks associated with collisions. Currently, cataloguing RSOs primarily utilizes ground-based optical and radar systems, however, their performance is impacted and constrained by weather and atmospheric distortions.

As a result of the challenges and limitations of ground-based observations, there is increasing demand for …

Sifter: Star Identification From Transformer-Encoded Representations, Edward Zhang

Small Satellite Conference

We present SIFTER: Star Identification From Transformer-Encoded Representations, a novel neural network-based star identification algorithm for small satellites, trained on an original dataset of synthetic star scenes. SIFTER uses an encoder neural network model to construct sophisticated representations of star patterns by relating centroids of a given star scene. By avoiding the use of manual feature extraction and pattern construction algorithms, SIFTER is more robust to image noise and environmental disturbances than previously proposed classical and neural network-based algorithms. SIFTER generalizes well on real images taken from satellites and observatories, maintaining availability above 97% and error rate below 2% in …

Launch Hardened Cup-Cone Docking Mechanism For Small-Sats, Brian Schweinhart, Ziv Arzt, Robert Minelli, Alex Moerlein, Sean Torrez, Sean Lewis

Small Satellite Conference

A dual-use docking mechanism that can provide soft dynamic coupling in space and a rigid connection for launch would provide significant benefit to launch cost and weight savings. PSI has developed the Toothed Cup-cone Launch-hardened Androgynous Docking (T-CLAD) mechanism as a solution. The T-CLAD mechanism in an androgynous docking mechanism capable of withstanding launch loads while simultaneously providing self-alignment docking capabilities for on-orbit servicing and refueling. The mechanism is nominally designed for half-ESPA-class satellites but can be sized up and down to different class satellites while keeping full capabilities. The system incorporates an alternating, toothed cup-cone interface and SepNuts to …

Vision-Based Detection Of Uncooperative Targets And Components On Small Satellites, Hannah Grauer, Elena-Sorina Lupu, Connor Lee, Soon-Jo Chung, Darren Rowen, Benjamen Bycroft, Phaedrus Leeds, John Brader

Small Satellite Conference

Space debris and inactive satellites pose a threat to the safety and integrity of operational spacecraft and motivate the need for space situational awareness techniques. These uncooperative targets create a challenging tracking and detection problem due to a lack of prior knowledge of their features, trajectories, or even existence. Recent advancements in computer vision models can be used to improve upon existing methods for tracking such uncooperative targets to make them more robust and reliable to the wide-ranging nature of the target. This paper introduces an autonomous detection model designed to identify and monitor these objects using learning and computer …

In Re: The Mall At The Galaxy Inc.

2024 Decisions

USDC for the District of New Jersey

Exploration Of Large-Scale Vegetation Transition In Wet Ecosystems: A Comparison Of Conifer Seedling Abundance Across Burned Vs. Unburned Forest-Peatland Ecotones In Western Patagonia, Kyla Zaret, Andres Holz

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

Altered fire regimes, combined with a warmer and drier climate, have been eroding the resilience of temperate rainforests and peatlands worldwide and leading to alternative post-fire vegetation communities. Chronic anthropogenic burning of temperate rainforests at the forest-peatland ecotone in western Patagonia appears to have shifted vegetation communities in poorly-drained sites from forests dominated by the threatened conifer, Pilgerodendron uviferum, to peat-accumulating wetlands covered by Sphagnum mosses. We collected and modeled post-reburn field data using ordinations and hierarchical Bayesian regressions to examine mechanisms through which P. uviferum forests may recover following fire or become locked into alternative development pathways by comparing …

Ucf Pegasus Plan - Kindergarten - Importance Of Rules And Laws, Angelica F. Bryan, Juanita White

Pegasus Plans: Social Studies Unit Plans for Florida Teachers

During this unit, students will compare rules and laws, explore rules at school and home through role playing activities, and explore laws made for the community. Students will learn about the roles that individuals play in making or following rules and laws at school, home and in the community.

Implementation Of Machine Learning Using Deep Neural Networks To Estimate The Failure Risk Caused By Leakage In Pressure Relief Devices, Adi Yudho Wijayanto, Yossi Andreano, M. Ali Yafi Rizky, Dedi Priadi

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The primary objective of deploying Pressure Relief Device (PRD) equipment is to ensure the safety of pressure vessels within a pressurized system. Over time, PRD equipment may degrade and fail to perform its intended function, which must be identified as a failure mode. To mitigate potential risks associated with this, it is recommended that an approach such as risk-based inspection (RBI) be implemented. Despite the widespread adoption of RBI, the method relies on qualitative techniques, leading to significant variations in equipment risk assessments. This study proposes a novel risk analysis method that uses deep learning-based machine learning to develop a …

Maintenance Notes To Improve The Reliability Of Wheel Flange Failure For Overhead Crane, Fakhri Burhanuddin, Akhmad Herman Yuwono

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Overhead traveling cranes in the industry have utility workload classifications and require high standards of safety and reliability by mobilizing lifting and transporting capacity variants of steel products, equipment, and other supports. The crane wheels are the main support in moving the end carriage so that the crane can work according to its function. Failures in the operation and maintenance cycle have occurred. Therefore, proper repair and maintenance methods are highly needed to restore the original design function to its working integrity. Logic tree analysis was used to breakdown all causes of failure; thus, mitigation was performed by carrying out …

Consent Behavior, Beliefs In Action: Longitudinal Associations Between Parenting And Adolescent Consent Beliefs And Behaviors, Corinne Archibald

Theses and Dissertations

More research is needed to consider how individual beliefs and socialization agents (i.e., parents) throughout adolescence inform consent-related sexual behaviors. Thus, the current study used an ecological systems approach to the theory of reasoned action (TRA) to examine how parents' consent beliefs were related to adolescents' internal and external consent behaviors, via their beliefs about the importance of consent. Having used longitudinal, nationally sampled data from the Healthy Sexuality Project, this study ran SEM path analysis models on 386 caregiver(s) and adolescents. Results found mothers' and fathers' consent beliefs were positively associated with adolescents' consent beliefs a year later and …

Archaeology In Space: The Sampling Quadrangle Assemblages Research Experiment (Square) On The International Space Station. Report 1: Squares 03 And 05, Justin St. P. Walsh, Shawn Graham, Alice C. Gorman, Chantal Brousseau, Salma Abdullah

Art Faculty Articles and Research

Between January and March 2022, crew aboard the International Space Station (ISS) performed the first archaeological fieldwork in space, the Sampling Quadrangle Assemblages Research Experiment (SQuARE). The experiment aimed to: (1) develop a new understanding of how humans adapt to life in an environmental context for which we are not evolutionarily adapted, using evidence from the observation of material culture; (2) identify disjunctions between planned and actual usage of facilities on a space station; (3) develop and test techniques that enable archaeological research at a distance; and (4) demonstrate the relevance of social science methods and perspectives for improving life …

Teaching Forensic Paraphilia In Undergraduate And Graduate Human Sexuality: A Note From The Field, Nafees Alam

Social Work Faculty Publications

Part of being a social work professor is teaching human sexuality, including paraphilias. Approaching such emotionally charged topics intellectually can be particularly difficult when teaching at undergraduate and graduate levels in higher education. Students coming from different parts of the nation, different parts of the planet; students coming from a diverse array of ethical and ideological backgrounds, can take these lessons in different ways, ways in which professors may never intend. Employing a point-counterpoint philosophy to explore the ethics related to sexual diversity and inclusion can encourage students to consider counterpoints to their points of view, focused not on agreement, …

Usa V. Dwayne Gary

2024 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Drone Attacks And The Failure Of Securitisation In Pakistan, Satvinder S. Juss, Sahib S. Juss

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.