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Evaluation Of Predictive Equations For Local Pier Scour In Cohesive Soils, Zahraa Hassan, Ibtisam Karim, Abdul- Al-Shukur Aug 2026

Evaluation Of Predictive Equations For Local Pier Scour In Cohesive Soils, Zahraa Hassan, Ibtisam Karim, Abdul- Al-Shukur

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wavelet analysis has become a powerful tool for denoising images. It represents a new way to achieve better noise reduction and increased contrast. Here,  experimentally demonstrate the abilities of the discrete wavelet transform with Daubechies basis functions for improving the quality of noisy images. In this research, two methods have been compared to modify the coefficients using a soft and hard threshold to improve the visual fineness of noisy images depending on the Root-Mean-Square error (RMS). The low RMS value and better noise reduction are found in the soft threshold methods based on Daubechies wavelet (db8) for the first image …

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State Space Parallelization Method For A 16-Bit Turbo Encoder, Maha Fleah, Qusay Al-Doori Aug 2026

State Space Parallelization Method For A 16-Bit Turbo Encoder, Maha Fleah, Qusay Al-Doori

Engineering and Technology Journal

Turbo codes are widely used in digital communication systems. Their ability to reach the Shannon channel capacity made it the choice for most of the communication systems. Due to the huge amount of the transmitted data, there is a need to increase the processing speed of the encoders. The researchers used the state space technique to enhance the throughput of the turbo encoder. They apply it to increase the turbo encoder throughput from one bit per cycle up to 8 bit per cycle. The researchers applied the state space method to a three-flip flop, eight state Recursive Systematic Convolution Code …

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Ethical Responsibility In The Practice Of Architecture, Abdullah Almaamouri Aug 2026

Ethical Responsibility In The Practice Of Architecture, Abdullah Almaamouri

Engineering and Technology Journal

The research deals with the concept of ethical responsibility as one of the most influential concepts in the process of practicing architecture. It is defined as “systems of ethical principles and engineering rules governing the architect in making decisions of design practice, making them sound, preventing them from making mistakes during the stages of design, and the maintenance “by the commitment to them, result in creative architectural texts benefit the individual and society,” and thus determine the research problem in (Lack of cognitive perception of the role of moral responsibility in the practice of architecture). Therefore, the research aims at …

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Modelling The Ecosystem Behavior Of Abu-Ziriq Marsh In South Of Iraq Under Different Water Discharges Scenarios, Fuaad Al-Yaseen, Mustafa Al-Mukhtar Aug 2026

Modelling The Ecosystem Behavior Of Abu-Ziriq Marsh In South Of Iraq Under Different Water Discharges Scenarios, Fuaad Al-Yaseen, Mustafa Al-Mukhtar

Engineering and Technology Journal

The marshlands are of fundamental importance to Iraq, a unique ecosystem providing local inhabitants with an essential source of habitat and livelihoods. This paper aims to study the ecosystem behavior of Abu-Ziriq Marsh in the south of Iraq under different scenarios using the Ecosystem Functions Model Program (HEC-EFM) and Hydrologic Engineering Center Data Storage System Visual Utility Engine (HEC-DSSVue). To this end, data was converted from tri-monthly and semi-monthly to daily data using the HEC-DSSVue program. The daily data natural(flow, stage) was used for five years between 2013 and 2018. The prediction process was evaluated using three criteria: correlation coefficient …

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Experimental Investigation Of Sub-Cooled Flow Boiling In Metallic Microchannel, Suha Mohammed, Ekhlas Fayyadh Aug 2026

Experimental Investigation Of Sub-Cooled Flow Boiling In Metallic Microchannel, Suha Mohammed, Ekhlas Fayyadh

Engineering and Technology Journal

Experiments in microchannel heat sink were carried that examine the deionized water two-phase boiling heat transfer. The heat sink consisted of a single microchannel having 300μm wide nominal dimensions and 300μm height (hydraulic diameter of 300μm). The heat sink formed of oxygen-free copper with 72mm length and 12mm width. Experimental operation conditions spanned the heat flux (78-800) kW/m2, mass flux (1700 and 2100) kg/m2.s at 31K subcooled inlet temperature. The boiling heat transfer coefficient is measured, and compared with existing correlations. The results show that higher mass flux leads to a higher boiling heat transfer coefficient and the dominants mechanism …

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Smoothing Smartphone Gps Raw Measurements, Tariq Ataiwe, Abbas Khalaf, Israa Mohammed Aug 2026

Smoothing Smartphone Gps Raw Measurements, Tariq Ataiwe, Abbas Khalaf, Israa Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This  research aims  to  investigate  the  smoothing  of  the  pseudo-range raw  measurements  of  the  smartphone  using  a  Hatch  filter.  The  measurements  of  smartphones  suffer  from  high  noise  generated  from  low-cost  antennas  and  oscillators, which are designed to work in a certain way. These types of low-cost antennas  and  oscillators  are  entirely different  from  geodetic  instruments,  which  are  designed  for  high  accuracy  positioning.  The  GPS  measurement  data  were  collected   using   a   Huawei   P10   device,   41   minutes   and   24   seconds   GPS   observation  time  with  sampling  intervals  of  1  second  using  Geo++  Android  application.  The  GPS  measurements  are  processed  using  standalone  (epoch  by …

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Complex Surface Representation And Machining Time Estimation Upon Three Types Of End Mill Cutter, Rasha Marzoog, Ahmed A. Alduroobi Alduroobi, Sawsan Al-Zubaidy Aug 2026

Complex Surface Representation And Machining Time Estimation Upon Three Types Of End Mill Cutter, Rasha Marzoog, Ahmed A. Alduroobi Alduroobi, Sawsan Al-Zubaidy

Engineering and Technology Journal

The accuracy of data transition between CAD and CAM has been playing a great role in the product life cycle, and eventually, the product quality. As products complexity increased, the need to robust technique to data transition increased. On the other hand, Machining simulation facilitates deciding the process parameters. The aim of the present research is divided into two aims: first: building a free form surface and transforming its data accurately from CAD to CAM without any distortion. Second: study the milling process using different end cutters geometry and make a comparison between those in terms of machining time at …

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A Cooperation Of Fog Computing And Smart Gateways In A Secure And Efficient Architecture For Iot-Based Smart Homes, Amin Seno, Sahar Alshammari Aug 2026

A Cooperation Of Fog Computing And Smart Gateways In A Secure And Efficient Architecture For Iot-Based Smart Homes, Amin Seno, Sahar Alshammari

Engineering and Technology Journal

Nowadays Internet of Things (IoT) is growing to be a serious factor in numerous areas of our daily life style. Internet of Things brings different opportunities of intelligence to important aspects such as health, payments, energy management, industrial sectors, transportation and also many other specialties. It is important to notice that the interaction between these two part the embedded equipment and Cloud based web services is such a common or prevalent scenario of Internet of Things deployment. When it comes to the security point of view, jointly users (consumer) and smart devices need to reassure and establish a secure and …

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Gait Analysis Before And After Total Knee Replacement, Sadiq Hamandi, Safa’A Al-Hussainy, Summer Sabeeh Aug 2026

Gait Analysis Before And After Total Knee Replacement, Sadiq Hamandi, Safa’A Al-Hussainy, Summer Sabeeh

Engineering and Technology Journal

Total knee replacement is a surgical procedure for treatment of knee Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis and posttraumatic arthritis. The main goals of TKR are relieve the pain, restore function, mobility and restore normal limb alignment for the patients. The aim of the study to investigate the gait dynamic improvements following TKR surgery by compare the dynamic parameter pre-operative and post-operative and then comparing the results with the normal gait parameters. The gait analysis was performed on five patients before and after they underwent unilateral TKR surgery. After three months from the total knee replacement there was a remarked increase in the …

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Monitoring Of Agricultural Drought In The Middle Euphrates Area, Iraqusing Landsat Dataset, Imzahim Alwan, Abdul Razzak Ziboon, Alaa Khalaf Aug 2026

Monitoring Of Agricultural Drought In The Middle Euphrates Area, Iraqusing Landsat Dataset, Imzahim Alwan, Abdul Razzak Ziboon, Alaa Khalaf

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study was conducted to monitor the agricultural drought inthe Middle Euphrates area, Iraq during the period from 1988 to 2018.Multispectral Landsat TM, ETM+, and OLI images were used. The imagesdated 1988, 1993, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2018, which obtained duringgrowth months of plants (January, February, March, November, andDecember).A computerized drought monitoring was adopted using ERDASImagine 2015, ENVI 3.2, and ArcGIS 10.5 environments to process andanalysis the data. The spectral indices, which used in this study were: TheNormalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Vegetation ConditionIndex (VCI). The change analysis presented in this study is based on thestatistics extracted from the …

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Controlling The Q-Point In Distributed Feedback Lasers Using A Numerical Optimization Methodology, Hisham Hisham Aug 2026

Controlling The Q-Point In Distributed Feedback Lasers Using A Numerical Optimization Methodology, Hisham Hisham

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, a new methodology for controlling the Q-point in the distributed feedback (DFB) lasers is proposed. The method based on reducing the DFB transient period (TP) by optimizing laser’s model parameters numerically. The analysis has taken into account investigated the effects of the laser injection current (Iinj), the dc-bias level (Ibias), the temperature (T) variation, and the gain compression factor (ε). Results showed that by optimizing the value of Iinj, Ibias, T and ε; the Q-point could be controlled effectively. Where increasing the current ratio (i.e., Iinj/Ith) leads to reduce the TP value. In addition, by increasing Iinj …

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Technological Engineering Education And Ethics Of Conduct, Ibtisam Hasan, Sahar Fafraj, Hadia Judran Aug 2026

Technological Engineering Education And Ethics Of Conduct, Ibtisam Hasan, Sahar Fafraj, Hadia Judran

Engineering and Technology Journal

The presence of ethical conduct within university institutions promote positive attitude among employees these institutions also provide them with a reference to which they revert to determine what is the proper conduct. The commitment to compliance with the ethics of engineering education is a definite indication of the degree of pertinence to the profession. That ethical conduct in universities is one of the superiority standards as well as in the guidelines of granting reliability for university institutions. In this research we discussed how to educate engineering students about work ethics by deliberating the importance of considering work ethics subject with …

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Effect Of Practical Training On Engineering Education, Fadhel Faraje, Saja Jabbar, Khalid Sadeq Aug 2026

Effect Of Practical Training On Engineering Education, Fadhel Faraje, Saja Jabbar, Khalid Sadeq

Engineering and Technology Journal

The laboratory training is one of the most important methods of the distinctive and fundamental role that stimulate the skills of creative scientific thinking and develop deductive and critical thinking to cope with the scientific developments and technological progress in the world. Therefore, it has been found that many researchers conducted at different levels of learners pointed to the importance of the inclusion of this type of teaching methods, Which makes the learner in direct contact with the artificial environment simulates what is happening in the laboratories and factories and areas of work related to their competence after graduation, which …

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Rules For Managing Methods Of Implementation And Evaluation Of Graduation Projects In Engineering Departments, Fatimah Naser, Maryam Naser Aug 2026

Rules For Managing Methods Of Implementation And Evaluation Of Graduation Projects In Engineering Departments, Fatimah Naser, Maryam Naser

Engineering and Technology Journal

Graduation projects are the final product of what university students have acquired from the sciences and knowledge during their academic period of study during the academic years, which range in most Iraqi universities between 4 to 5 years in engineering colleges. In the last year during which the student to implement the engineering graduation project, which begins by choosing the subject or problem that will be dealt with as a research title and ends with the development of all stages of implementation. And the importance of graduation projects for students of engineering departments to study the bachelor's degree and the …

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Measurement Of Student Outcomes Attainment For Abet Accreditation In Electromechanical Engineering Department In Uot, Jalal Jalil Aug 2026

Measurement Of Student Outcomes Attainment For Abet Accreditation In Electromechanical Engineering Department In Uot, Jalal Jalil

Engineering and Technology Journal

Student outcomes attainment represents the core of the ABET accreditation. In this paper, a details of the four years’ work in Energy and Renewable Energy Program in Electromechanical Engineering Department in University of Technology was demonstrated, concentrating on the process of student outcomes attainment measurement. The attainment of student outcomes represents a challenge in all programs in Iraqi Universities. The process monitored by ABET Foundation expertise through IREX and they approved that the process reached right route although the degree of attainment needs more work in the coming years to reach accreditation level.

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Code Of Conduct Of Final Year Projects In Engineering Disciplines, Fawzi Al-Naima Aug 2026

Code Of Conduct Of Final Year Projects In Engineering Disciplines, Fawzi Al-Naima

Engineering and Technology Journal

The importance of the management and implementation of graduation projects lies in the fact that this activity constitutes one of the main pillars of the undergraduate academic curricula in most scientific or literary disciplines. In engineering studies, for example, the weight of the graduation project within the curriculum is estimated at 25% for the year of graduation and about 8% of the total weight of the first university degree in most universities in the developed countries. In this context, this paper suggests specific steps for conducting this work and the allocation of responsibilities in the management of this scientific activity. …

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The Main Engineering's Education Issues During And After Graduation, Abdullah Hussain, Merzah Imran Aug 2026

The Main Engineering's Education Issues During And After Graduation, Abdullah Hussain, Merzah Imran

Engineering and Technology Journal

The opportunity of teaching engineers is not easy as everybody thinks for many reasons, some of these issues are related to the students' disappointment as a result of getting the engineering field and the other one related to lack of available knowledge about the role of engineers in improving and developing the life quality and the country overall. So, this paper will focus the light on the main issues and challenges that face the engineering education, with the possible solutions in order to reduce the unemployment and expelled from the job due to the lack of experience or lack the …

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Evaluation Of Teaching Process Using Capability Index, Hadeel Dekhn, Aqeel Husein, Ali Majdi Aug 2026

Evaluation Of Teaching Process Using Capability Index, Hadeel Dekhn, Aqeel Husein, Ali Majdi

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study introduces an application of using Process Capability Index as an approach in evaluating the teaching process. The goal of the study is to build and represent a measure to the effectiveness of teaching process and its impact on the learning level of students. Two groups of students in AL- Mustaqbal University Colledge are taken as a sample. Many quizzes (short exams) were done with each group and their scores were recorded. A statistical analysis is made and the process capabilities are calculated. Results shows that this control technique was effective in improving scores of students and hence the …

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E-Learning Applications In Engineering And The Project-Based Learning Vs Problem-Based Learning Styles: A Critical & Comparative Study, Hatim Abood Aug 2026

E-Learning Applications In Engineering And The Project-Based Learning Vs Problem-Based Learning Styles: A Critical & Comparative Study, Hatim Abood

Engineering and Technology Journal

The paper aims to critically review the learning styles and teaching methods of engineering curricula and to compare it with the requirements of engineering profession. Present engineers need to response effectively to the increasingly complex systems. The engineer has to deal with vector and scaler quantities, complex numbers, imaginary parts, electromagnetic fields, and complex constructions are designed and implemented in 3-Dimensions environment. This should be reflected in engineering education styles, where lecturers try to convey many aspects of complex systems. The purpose of engineering education is that to graduate engineers who can design and solve technical problems, and that design …

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Mapping Lclu Using Python Scripting, Oday Jasim, Khalid Hasoon, Noor Sadiqe Aug 2026

Mapping Lclu Using Python Scripting, Oday Jasim, Khalid Hasoon, Noor Sadiqe

Engineering and Technology Journal

Land cover land use changes constantly with the time at local, regional, and global scales, therefore, remote sensing provides wide, and broad information for quantifying the location, extent, and variability of change; the reason and processes of change; and the responses to and consequences of change. And considering to the importance of mapping of (LCLU). For that reason this study will focus on the problems arising from the traditional classification (LCLU) that based on spatial resolution only which leads to prediction a thematic map with noisy classes, and using a new method that depend on spectral and spatial resolution to …

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Weathering Effect On Surface Characteristics Of Superhydrophobic/ Hydrophobic Nanocomposites Coating, Hassan Jaafar, Balqees Aldabbagh Aug 2026

Weathering Effect On Surface Characteristics Of Superhydrophobic/ Hydrophobic Nanocomposites Coating, Hassan Jaafar, Balqees Aldabbagh

Engineering and Technology Journal

Superhydrophobic and hydrophobic nanocomposites coating synthesized by electrospinning, polymer solution of (PS/DMF, PMMA/THF and Si/Th) were prepared in different wt% of composition for each solutions and also prepared with addition of TiO2 nanoparticles. Coated specimens were exposed to accelerated weathering test for 6 months. The aim of this research is to study weathering changes and physical properties of these superhydrophobic and hydrophobic nanocomposites coating to demonstrate these coatings in which can keeps their hydrophobicity properties for long period of time. Viscosity, surface tension, contact angle, roughness surface and hardness tests were calculated for all specimens before and after submitted to …

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Design Analysis Of A Compensation Technique In Fso Communication System To Mitigate Atmospheric Turbulence Effect, Jenan Kalati, Shehab Kadhim Aug 2026

Design Analysis Of A Compensation Technique In Fso Communication System To Mitigate Atmospheric Turbulence Effect, Jenan Kalati, Shehab Kadhim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Free-space laser communication systems usually experience strong channel fading caused by atmospheric turbulence. To mitigate the impact of atmospheric turbulence on free-space optical links using compensation techniques including adaptive optical (AO) system as advanced technique. Its three main components have remained constant: a wave front sensor to measure distortion, a wave front corrector to compensate for the distortion and a control system to calculate the required correction and necessary shape to apply to the corrector. Optical communication schemes utilizing adaptive optical at the transmitter are proposed. Numerical simulations show that the proposed schemes can significantly reduce the channel fading. The …

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Selecting The Potential Water Harvesting Sites Using Fuzzy Gis-Based Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation In Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq, Imzahim Abdulkareem, Hussein Karim, Nadia Aziz Aug 2026

Selecting The Potential Water Harvesting Sites Using Fuzzy Gis-Based Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation In Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq, Imzahim Abdulkareem, Hussein Karim, Nadia Aziz

Engineering and Technology Journal

Remote sensing and GIS-based techniques were used to select the potential sites for water harvesting in Salah Al-Din Governorate, northern Baghdad/ Iraq. Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) was used where seven criteria layers have been evaluated to identify water-harvesting sites, such as slope, stream order, precipitation, potential evaporation rate, soil type, distance to roads and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). This method helps in locating water-harvesting sites in suitable places as well as improves the management of water resources in the study area. Fuzzy logic modeling was used to standardize the criteria layers, and the Fuzzy Gamma overlay was used …

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Wavelet-Based Denoising Of Images, Alauldeen Yaseen, Rafid Zamel, Jabbar Khlaief Aug 2026

Wavelet-Based Denoising Of Images, Alauldeen Yaseen, Rafid Zamel, Jabbar Khlaief

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wavelet-analysis has become a powerful tool for denoising images. It represents a new way to achieve better noise reduction and increased contrast. Here, experimentally demonstrate abilities of discrete wavelet transform with Daubechies basis functions for improving the quality of noisy images.in this research two methods has been compaired for modify the coefficients using soft and hard threshold to improv the visual fineness of noisy image depend on Root-Mean-Square error (RMS). The low RMS value and better noise reduction find in soft threshold method which is based on Daubechies wavelet (db8) for first example image RMS=0.101 and second example RMS=0.109

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Modeling The Plasma Frequency For F2-Region Using Modified Chapman Function And Nequick2 Model Over Different Geographical Locations And Months, Ali Nima Aug 2026

Modeling The Plasma Frequency For F2-Region Using Modified Chapman Function And Nequick2 Model Over Different Geographical Locations And Months, Ali Nima

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to modeling the plasma frequency profile of the F2 region as a function of geographical location and month of the y ear. The most important model and function used are Chapman function and NeQuick 2 model which have been defined both by exponential function. These models need some ionospheric parameters such as the critical frequency of F2 layer (foF2), maximum peak height (hmF2), semi thickness (ymF2), and the M factor (M (3000) F2). The results of these models are compared with the results of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. For north hemisphere, the results of Chapman …

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Diagnosis And Evaluation Of Defects Encountered In Newly Constructed Houses In Erbil City, Kurdistan, Iraq, Khalil Wali, Noori Ali Aug 2026

Diagnosis And Evaluation Of Defects Encountered In Newly Constructed Houses In Erbil City, Kurdistan, Iraq, Khalil Wali, Noori Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study investigated the types and profile of defects facing newly constructed houses through conducting a survey and analyzing defect records of data observed for 652 houses out of 1000 houses newly constructed for Salahaddin University academic staff in Erbil City. The result of analysis revealed that the overall of 6758 defects identified with the mean average of 10 defects per house. The overall percentage of defected houses for each type of defects and the location of the defect ranged from 10% to 67%. The most defected components found in the doors and windows, which comes in rank 1 with …

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Study The Catalytic Oxidation Of Phenol In Both Baskets Stirred Tank And Packed Bed Reactors, Ghayda Al-Kindi, Faris Al Ani Aug 2026

Study The Catalytic Oxidation Of Phenol In Both Baskets Stirred Tank And Packed Bed Reactors, Ghayda Al-Kindi, Faris Al Ani

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of this study, using five types of AL-Fe pillared Iraqi clay to study catalyst wet air oxidation to oxide phenol from synthesis’s wastewater and study the limitation criteria in control of operating conditions. Two types of reactor (Batch and packed bed) used to study operation conditions and the best conditions result from Batch reactor was pressure 3.2Mpa, temperature 130⁰C, phenol concentration 500mg/l and pH 3.9, for packed bed reactor with AL-Fe pillared clays of Anbar-Erbil, Mosul, due to high phenol removal, in up-flow mode. The results show that phenol removal is 98-97.8-95% for Erbil-MosulAnbar respectively, when the LHSV …

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Estimation Of Water Balance For The Central Basin Of Erbil Plain (North Of Iraq), Qusai Al-Kubaisi, Tariq Hussain, Muayad Ismail, Faaeza Abd-Ulkareem Abd-Ulkareem Aug 2026

Estimation Of Water Balance For The Central Basin Of Erbil Plain (North Of Iraq), Qusai Al-Kubaisi, Tariq Hussain, Muayad Ismail, Faaeza Abd-Ulkareem Abd-Ulkareem

Engineering and Technology Journal

Erbil city located, in the northern part of Iraq, within the central basin of Erbil plain which covers an area about 1400 Km2 where Erbil city area measures about 70 Km2, is located between latitudes (36ᵒ 08 30̋ - 36ᵒ 14 15̋) north and longitudes (43 ° 57 '30 "- 44 ° 03' 20") east, The rocks exposures at the central Erbil plain date back to the (Upper Miocene-Recent) and this includes Ingana, Muqdadiya, Bai Hassan formations as well as Quaternary deposits. Tectonically, the studied area is located within Chumchamal-Butma Subzone at the area of the foothills. The movement of …

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Criteria For Sustainable Planting Design Applications In Landscape Architecture Projects Under Arid Conditions, Abdullah Ghazal Aug 2026

Criteria For Sustainable Planting Design Applications In Landscape Architecture Projects Under Arid Conditions, Abdullah Ghazal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Planting design is an important part of all Landscape Architecture projects (LAps). It needs new criteria in order to make it more sustainable. When arid conditions are dominant, these criteria will be more difficult. These limiting factors of harsh environment and aridity, such as high temperature and evaporation, low rainfall, poor and sandy soil, are largely diverse in many levels concerning water, soil, and climate. Thus they clearly appear in designing and impeding sustainable LAps. The planting design in LAps is governed by three major factors which are: plant species, water availability, and the control soil property and climate conditions. …

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Robust Multiple Model Adaptive Control For Dynamic Positioning Of Quadrotor Helicopter System, Safanah Raafat, Zainab Mahmoud Aug 2026

Robust Multiple Model Adaptive Control For Dynamic Positioning Of Quadrotor Helicopter System, Safanah Raafat, Zainab Mahmoud

Engineering and Technology Journal

The quadrotor control has been one of the benchmark control problems. It is considered as an under-actuated, multivariable and high nonlinear system due to its dynamics, having strong coupling between translation and angular motion and affected by external disturbances associated with flight environment. Therefore, there is a need to design a robust control that can keep up with sudden changes and find better tracking performance against modeling error and uncertainties. In this work, an adaptive state feedback control method denoted as Classical Multiple Model Adaptive Control (CMMAC) has been implemented. This method embodies in its structure a bank of filters. …

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