Digital Commons Network^™

Author Correction: Machine Learning Models Predict Long Covid Outcomes Based On Baseline Clinical And Immunologic Factors, Naresh Doni Jayavelu, Hady Samaha, Sonia Tandon Wimalasena, Annmarie Hoch, Jeremy P Gygi, Gisela Gabernet, Al Ozonoff, Shanshan Liu, Carly E Milliren, Ofer Levy, Lindsey R Baden, Esther Melamed, Lauren I R Ehrlich, Grace A Mccomsey, Rafick P Sekaly, Charles B Cairns, Elias K Haddad, Joanna Schaenman, Albert C Shaw, David A Hafler, Ruth R Montgomery, David B Corry, Farrah Kheradmand, Mark A Atkinson, Scott C Brakenridge, Nelson I Agudelo Higuit, Jordan P Metcalf, Catherine L Hough, William B Messer, Bali Pulendran, Kari C Nadeau, Mark M Davis, Linda N Geng, Ana Fernandez Sesma, Viviana Simon, Florian Krammer, Monica Kraft, Chris Bime, Carolyn S Calfee, David J Erle, Charles R Langelier, Impacc Network, Leying Guan, Holden T Maecker, Bjoern Peters, Steven H Kleinstein, Elaine F Reed, Alison D Augustine, Joann Diray-Arce, Patrice M Becker, Nadine Rouphael, Matthew C Altman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This corrects the article "Machine learning models predict long COVID outcomes based on baseline clinical and immunologic factors", 1.

Immigrant Firms’ Commitment And Survival: Does Owner Identity Matter?, Nathaniel C. Lupton, Sarika Pruthi, Alfredo Jiménez

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

How does immigrant ownership influence small firm survival in comparison with that of family ownership? While it is generally accepted that socioemotional wealth (SEW) preservation motivates family firms to avoid taking risks, this effect has not been considered in immigrant-owned firms. Many of the same affinity factors are likely to influence the survival of both ownership types, but we argue that immigrant-owned firms may experience them more strongly as they reside at the intersection of the liabilities of smallness and foreignness. Drawing on a large sample of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ecuador, we find that immigrant-owned firms have …

Autonomous Aesthetic Composition Via A Generative Model In A Robotic Control Loop, Rohit Sinha, Prathamesh Save, Kumar N. Dwarakanath

Defensive Publications Series

Automated camera systems may focus on geometric tracking without considering aesthetic composition, while certain aesthetic evaluation software may lack the physical agency to move a camera to create an improved image. Disclosed are systems and methods for a closed-loop control architecture that can integrate a mobile robotic platform, such as a drone or wheeled robot, with a generative cognitive agent. Such a system can operate through an iterative cycle where an image can be captured, the agent can provide a natural language critique and a corrective command based on a high-level subjective goal, and a local controller can translate the …

Agent-To-Agent (A2a) Agent Card Creation Through Model Context Protocol (Mcp) And Agent Skill Compilation, Robert Barton, Arjun Sambamoorthy, Yathi Udupi

Defensive Publications Series

Proposed herein are techniques for a system that automatically generates Agent-to-Agent (A2A) capability cards by scanning Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers and semantically analyzing the tool inventories of the servers. The system transforms low-level tool specifications into high-level capability descriptions through a multi-stage pipeline that extracts schemas, infers dependencies, detects relationships, clusters related tools into skills, and abstracts skills into comprehensive capabilities. The output is a standardized A2A agent card that enables efficient agent discovery and collaboration in multi-agent systems.

Optimized Thermal Management Of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Circular Fins And Forced Air-Cooling, Mohamed M. Donia, Ahmed A. Hegazi, Mohamed A. Aziz, Osama Abdelrehim

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) is vital for maintaining the optimal performance, safety, and longevity of electric vehicle batteries by keeping their temperature within a desired range. This study proposes an optimized cooling solution for BTMS based on both experimental and numerical investigations. Experimental tests were performed on a single battery cell under discharging rates of 1C, 2C, 3C, and 4C using an electronic load, with thermal performance evaluated under natural convection. Numerical models simulating both forced and natural convection were developed using ANSYS 19.3, and a combined Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach was …

Verification Of Offline Signature Based On A Hybrid Dense-Attention-Residual-Cnn Structure Optimized By Grey Wolf Algorithm, Zeyad T. Salim, Mahmoud M. Saafan, Eman M. El-Gendy

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Signature verification is a necessary vision task with prevalent use in securing realworld applications. Offline signature is a popular type that needs to efficacious approach to be checked due to the depending on the paper time and the written tool. The progress in intelligent algorithms participates in supporting simple way authentication-based signatures. In this research work, an offline signature verification (OSV) based on an optimized and costumed convolutional neural network(CNN) infrastructure is suggested. The CNN is costumed by integrating residual, dense, and attention mechanisms, then optimized by applying a grey wolf optimization(GWO) algorithm. The system is trained and tested with …

Masalah Penegakan Hukum Dan Kesadaran Hukum, Dr. Soerjono Soekanto, S.H., M.A.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Charity Simone, Mark Naison, Anthony Abd-Al Shafi Rosado

Oral Histories

Simone’s path to leadership was inspired by her late mentor, Charles Foster, who encouraged her to be an active voice in their community. After seeing issues with building maintenance and a lack of clear communication, Simone ran for office and was elected Treasurer of her Building Association in 2023. Through this role, she noticed that community work is complex and needs navigating different opinions, yet the experience ultimately reinforced her belief that community is a “verb.” To her, it is an intentional, ongoing action that requires showing up every day to hold the system accountable.

A significant aspect of Simone's …

Explainable Multi-Modal Deep Learning For Transparent Cancer Diagnosis: Integrating Radiology, Clinical Features, And Decision Visualization, Sital Dash, Laxmi Bewoor, Yashwant Dongre, Amol Bhosle, Kailas Patil, Shrikant Jadhav, Banani Mohapatra, Bhavnish Walia

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Introduction: Although artificial intelligence–based cancer diagnostic models have demonstrated strong predictive performance, their lack of transparency and reliance on single-modality data continue to limit clinical trust and adoption. Effectively integrating multi-modal data with interpret-able decision-making remains a key challenge. Methods: We propose an explainable multi-modal deep learning framework that integrates radiological imaging and structured clinical features using attention-based fusion. Image-level explanations are generated using Grad-CAM++, while SHAP is employed to quantify clinical feature contributions, enabling unified and cross-modal aligned interpretation rather than independent uni-modal explanations. The framework was evaluated on publicly available datasets, including CBIS-DDSM mammography, Duke Breast Cancer MRI, …

Differences In Respiratory Function Between Female College-Aged Athletes, Vocalists, And Wind Musicians, Jeannette Baldwin, Brett W. Crossland Dr

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Respiratory function plays an important role in both daily performance and long-term health. Measures such as forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) are not only accurate indicators of lung function but are also used as biomarkers linked to morbidity and mortality across a wide range of populations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare respiratory function in college-aged athletes, wind musicians, and singers to evaluate whether their differing respiratory demands result in measurable differences in lung function, which may help guide training and exercise recommendations for these populations. METHODS: Female …

Lat Pulldown Load Velocity Profiling In Upper-Body Dominant Athletes: A Preliminary Report, Darian B. Hastings, Benjamin P. Doyle, John D. Tebbetts, Bryan B. Crutcher, J Bryan Mann

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The lat pulldown (LPD) is a common strength exercise aimed to improve maximal strength and power of the latissimus dorsi, the primary agonist muscle for vertical pulling patterns common in sports such as swimming and sport climbing. There is limited research supporting the use of load velocity profiling of the LPD exercise for determining maximal vertical pulling power in upper-body dominant athletes and using these profiles to predict sport-specific performance capabilities. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to validate the use of load velocity profiling of the LPD exercise as a predictive measure of vertical pulling power in upper-body …

A Comparison Of Force Plates To Motion Capture Analysis For Vertical Leap Measurement Metrics, Joshua Nate, Brian Jones, Ouays Bakcha, Nikita Strogalev, Veronika Kramarenko, Dylan Sabo, Stephania Tapia, Karla Peguerosa, Fatima Alonso, Bronwyn Banks, Vipa Bernhardt, Hussien Jabai, Michael D. Oldham

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Markerless motion capture systems are increasingly used to assess movement performance and injury risk due to their efficiency and portability, yet their accuracy relative to force plates remains understudied. Force plates are considered the criterion standard for measuring kinetic variables, making validation against force plate data essential before widespread application of markerless systems. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the concurrent validity of the DARI ® Motion capture system by comparing its biomechanical outputs to force plate–derived kinetic measures during selected athletic movements. METHODS: Participants (n = 33) were measured for height and weight, …

The Posterior Athletic Shoulder Test: A Valid, Reliable Tool For Evaluating Posterior Shoulder Performance, Joshua A. Brunson, Benjamin P. Doyle, Mattie Higgins, John D. Tebbetts, Austin J. Burmeier, Faith N. Gage, Edward J. Williams, Jennifer M. Yentes, Steven E. Riechman, J Bryan Mann

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Athletic Shoulder (ASH) test is a valid and reliable isometric assessment of long-lever anterior shoulder strength across multiple arm positions. Overhead activities such as throwing and swimming place significant demands on the shoulder’s posterior stabilizers (rotator cuff and scapular stabilizers), identifying a need for a Posterior ASH (PASH) test to assess strength and fatigue of these muscles. PURPOSE: To determine the validity and reliability of the PASH test for evaluating posterior shoulder strength. METHODS: The PASH test was performed with identical abduction positions to the ASH test – T (90°), Y (135°), and I (~180°) – in a standing …

Influence Of Standing Versus Prone Posture On Strength And Stabilizing Activation During The Athletic Shoulder Test, Benjamin P. Doyle, Mattie Higgins, Austin J. Burmeier, John D. Tebbetts, Faith N. Gage, Jennifer M. Yentes, Steven E. Riechman, J Bryan Mann

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Athletic Shoulder (ASH) test is a well-established tool for assessing long-lever anterior shoulder strength in athletic populations to monitor strength imbalances, fatigue, and screen for injuries. A Standing ASH (STASH) test may be more ecologically valid for assessing full kinetic chain function under postural and joint stabilization demands not captured in the prone position. PURPOSE: To evaluate inter-test agreement and neuromuscular activation differences between the ASH and STASH tests to understand how different stabilization demands impact test performance. METHODS: Forty-two active adults (19M, 23F; 22 ± 2.5 years) performed two maximal repetitions of each abduction position (T=90°, Y=135°, I=~180°) …

Comparison Of Bimanual Force And Movement Coordination In Parkinson’S Disease, Ananya Luthria, Madison M. Weinrich, Deanna M. Kennedy

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Visually guided bimanual coordination requires precise temporal coupling and accurate scaling of motor output to meet task-specific demands. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), impairments in sensorimotor integration may limit the ability to generate correct force- or movement-based outputs, particularly under multi-frequency coordination constraints. Differences in neural and mechanical control requirements between force-based and movement-based tasks may differentially impact performance in this population. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether individuals with PD can meet the accuracy demands imposed by Lissajous-guided multi-frequency (1:2) bimanual coordination, and to compare temporal and output accuracy between force-based and movement-based task conditions. …

Age And Cognitive Load Alter Joint Work Distribution And Postural Stability During Single Limb Support, Emery E. Nuner, Telicia Appleton, Ibrahim Burghul

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Age‑related declines in neuromuscular control increase fall risk during single‑limb stance, especially under cognitive load. Altered joint‑work distribution and reduced coordination precision may contribute to this instability, yet dual‑task effects on these mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE: To examine age‑related differences in joint eccentric work, inter‑joint coordination (FWHM), and postural stability during single‑limb support under normal and cognitive dual‑task conditions. METHODS: Eight adults (Young: n=4, 22 ± 2 y; Older: n=4, 73 ± 5 y) performed ~3 s of single‑limb support on a force plate following a crossover step under (1) Normal and (2) Cognitive conditions. Under the Cognitive condition, participants …

Fat-Free Mass Mediates Sex Differences In Lung Capacity: A Validation And Regression Analysis Of Spirometry Indices In A Hispanic Cohort, Marianna Gamboa, Nicole Cantu, Camila Guadiana, Samantha Martinez, Jose M. Moris

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Accurate assessment of pulmonary function is critical for diagnosing respiratory pathology and monitoring chronic disease. PURPOSE: To evaluate the test-retest reliability of a portable spirometry device and to investigate the anthropometric determinants of Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) in a Hispanic adult cohort. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 94 adults (34 males, 60 females; mean Age = 51.9 ± 7.8 yrs). Subjects underwent sequential spirometry testing during two separate visits within a 10-day period. The primary maneuver assessed was FVC, which consisted of three relaxed tidal breaths followed by a maximal inhalation and a subsequent maximal forced exhalation. Participants …

Calculation Of A Conversion Factor To Estimate Anaerobic Energy In Trained Men And Women Runners, Austin B. Shaw, Ethan J. Hein, Brady C. Mclain, Jacob L. Mcnary, Sarah E. Deemer, Lydia K. Caldwell, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Accurate quantification of anaerobic energy contribution is crucial for sport performance and bioenergetics research. A recently popularized method estimates anaerobic contribution and capacity from a single exercise test by multiplying post-exercise blood lactate by an oxygen equivalent (O₂–Eq–Lac; historically 2.7–3.3 mL·kg^–1·mM^–1). Foundational studies have empirically derived this conversion factor across modalities: two have reported 3.0–3.3 mL·kg^–1·mM^–1 for running, two have obtained 2.7 mL·kg^–1·mM^–1 for swimming, and one has determined 3.0 mL·kg^–1·mM^–1 for cycling. These studies are based on physiological assumptions (e.g., the caloric equivalent …

Comparing Knee Injured Individuals Vs. Non-Knee Injured Individuals, Kyrsten M. Carrasco, Lacie Shepherd, Brady Holcomb, Kailyn Gonzales, Amber M. Chelette

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Following knee injuries, individuals often favor the uninjured leg, leading to differences in range of motion (ROM) and weight distribution. The data collection regarding how an injury can affect range of motion in knee flexion and extension as well as weight distribution could aid those who work in the rehabilitation area of Kinesiology to better understand how injuries affect the body, and to support the correction of the body naturally trying to “protect” the injured side. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a knee injury affects the range of motion and weight distribution of a …

Accelerated Skeletal And Cardiometabolic Decline In Hispanic Women Versus Stability In Men During Mid-Life, Camila Guadiana, Grecia V. Morales, Marianna Gamboa, Jose M. Moris

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mid-life represents a critical physiological juncture where skeletal and metabolic health often diverge. While Hispanic adults are known to face elevated risks for both osteoporosis and cardiometabolic disease, the specific temporal synchronization of these declines, particularly the concurrent acceleration of bone loss and visceral adiposity, remains understudied in this population. PURPOSE: To examine sex-specific differences in body composition, bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm²), and blood pressure across three mid-life decades (40s, 50s, 60s) in Hispanic adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 100 Hispanic adults (36 men and 64 women) from Laredo, TX, stratified into age groups 40-49, 50-59, …

Resistance Training Frequency And Metabolic Health: Preliminary Insights From Global Untargeted Metabolomics, Nicole L. Cipriano, Macilynn E. Coles, Diana Kolb, Ross Moody, Martin R. Lindley, Sarah Deemer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Consistent resistance training (RT) is a potent stimulus for skeletal muscle remodeling, metabolic flexibility, and long-term health. Beyond improvements in strength and body composition, frequent RT may reshape metabolism by enhancing mitochondrial efficiency, redox balance, and substrate utilization. Limited evidence describes how habitual RT frequency influences metabolic health at the metabolomic level. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between RT frequency, metabolic health, and exploratory metabolomic profiles in healthy adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional sample of healthy men and women (N = 34; age 19–69 y) were grouped by self-reported RT frequency from the Physical Activity Vital Sign into high …

Influence Of Moderate-To-Vigorous Physical Activity During Physical Education For Fitness, Cognition, And School Day Activity In Adolescence, Grant Dunn, Jessica Pegg, Kevin Dames, Samantha Moss

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In Texas, students K-12 are required to engage in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at least 50% of the time spent in physical education (Texas Education Code § 28.002, 2021). Engaging in MVPA advances developmental outcomes, including health-related fitness and cognition, to support long-term health behaviors. However, there is a lack of evidence examining if the MVPA requirement is being met and possible health impacts. PURPOSE: 1) Identify how many students adhere to the MVPA physical education requirement and 2) investigate differences in developmental outcomes (i.e., health-related fitness [upper and lower body strength], cognition), and school day MVPA and sedentary behavior …

Sex Differences In Pre-Cooling Effect On Cognitive Processing Changes During Exercise In The Heat, Kristin N. Grabow, Amber M. Shipherd, Meral N. Culver, Christopher M. Hearon

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cognitive processing (CP) declines during exercise are greater in the heat, but precooling (PC) prior to exercise in the heat can attenuate this decline. While males (M) and females (F) do not differ with regard to the impact of PC on thermoregulatory variables during exercise in the heat, F do demonstrate better perceptional values than M when using PC prior to exercise in the heat. Thus, if perceptional values potentially impact CP during exercise in the heat, then the PC impact on that response could differ between M and F. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare sex …

Evaluating The Relationship Between Nutrition Knowledge And Dietary Guideline Adherence In Rotc Cadets, Emily C. Holbrook, Sheyla Leon, Michael J. Conner, Lisa C. Colvin, Steve E. Martin, Tabbetha Lopez, Stella L. Volpe, Drew E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

There is limited research on the nutrition knowledge of Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets compared to their adherence to recommended dietary guidelines. PURPOSE: We assessed the nutrition knowledge of ROTC cadets and examined its association with dietary intake. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were obtained from 206 ROTC cadets regarding sports performance and nutrition supplementation knowledge via the validated paper-based questionnaire, Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire for Athletes (NKQA), and Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants [shortened version] (REAP-S). The questionnaire data were analyzed with a Chi-Square test for overall response in the NKQA and REAP-S. The correct responses (as percentages) for …

Evaluation Of Bone Turnover Markers And Biochemical Analysis In Developmental Metabolic Bone Diseases In Pediatric Aksaray Malakli Breed Dogs, Nihan Avci, Fehmiye Gumus Ozdil, Basak Boztok Ozgermen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Pediatric dogs are predisposed to skeletal disorders during growth, with rickets, hypertrophic osteopathy, and nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism being the most common. Rickets, usually caused by vitamin D deficiency, leads to bone softening and deformities, whereas hypertrophic osteopathy involves abnormal calcium salt deposition that impairs mobility. This study investigated developmental orthopedic diseases in Aksaray Malakli dogs, focusing on nutritional factors and biochemical markers. Twenty-two pediatric dogs were examined and divided into two groups. Group I (n=11) showed gait abnormalities and postural deformities, whereas Group II (n=11) included clinically healthy dogs. Clinical, radiographic, and biochemical assessments were performed, including cortical index, parathormone, …

Administering Sustainability: How Trust In Government And Managerial Support Strengthen Green Core Competence And Organizational Advantage, Mohammed Hassan, Nassr Mohammed Ali, Methaq M. Alisaa

AUIQ Humanities and Social Sciences

This study examines how green core competence contributes to competitive advantage in Iraqi firms, and how this relationship depends on both organizational and governance conditions. Drawing on the Resource-Based View, the Job Demands–Resources model, and stakeholder theory, the study tests a mediation–moderation model in which positive mental health mediates the effect of green core competence on competitive advantage, while trust in government and top management support strengthen key links in the process. Using survey data from top-management respondents in Iraq and partial least squares structural equation modeling, the results show that green core competence is positively associated with competitive advantage, …

Behavioural–Personality Framework For Adaptive E-Learning, Hisham Al Ghunaimi

AUIQ Humanities and Social Sciences

Purpose: This study examines the limited integration of behavioural theory—specifically the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)—in the design of e-learning systems. MBTI is considered because personality variation influences learner motivation, engagement, and behavioural responses, yet most digital platforms rely on uniform instructional strategies. The study focuses on higher-education e-learning, where behavioural disengagement and psychological strain are increasingly reported.

Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative conceptual content-analysis approach is used to synthesise secondary evidence from peer-reviewed literature, policy documents, and institutional reports (2015–2024). The analysis identifies three theoretical categories—behavioural reinforcement, personality-based differentiation, and adaptive learning interaction—which shape the proposed behavioural–personality framework.

Findings: Three core patterns …

The Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Macroeconomic Forecasting: A Systematic Literature Review, Thura J. Mohammed, Xinying Chew, Khai Wah Khaw

AUIQ Humanities and Social Sciences

Macroeconomic forecasting remains difficult because aggregate dynamics are nonlinear, regime-dependent, and increasingly informed by high-dimensional, mixed-frequency data, conditions under which traditional econometric models often lose accuracy, especially around turning points. This study systematically reviews how artificial intelligence (AI) is being used to address these challenges and what reliable evidence exists on its forecasting value. Using a PRISMA-aligned protocol, we searched Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, identifying 1,627 records; after de-duplication and multi-stage screening, 178 studies were retained for qualitative synthesis. The review develops an evidence-based taxonomy of AI model families in macroeconomic forecasting and synthesizes their motivations, performance patterns, …

Designing A Systemic Intervention For Student Loneliness And Social Connectedness Using A Mixed-Methods, Co-Creation Approach, Sophie Homer, Jackie Andrade, Jon May, Edward Meinert, Madison Milne-Ives, Onshell Relf, Alvise Rogers, Emily Cornford, Rebecca Richardson

School of Psychology

Loneliness and social (dis)connectedness are significant public health concerns, particularly among university students. Despite calls to reconceptualise loneliness as a systemic issue, interventions typically target individual students. This series of studies used a sequential mixed-methods and participatory action approach to explore students’ social experiences and co-design a digital health solution. Focus groups (Study One) and a survey (Study Two) revealed that students see universities as partly responsible for their social connectedness, with perceptions of campus space being key. These insights informed the co-design of MAPP (Study Three), a preventative, system-focused digital solution. MAPP is an interactive campus map that visualises …

Craft Meets Code: Digital Pathways For Fine Press Collections, Nicole Lewis, Brooke Farnsworth

Faculty Publications

Fine press books embody a unique blend of artistry and craftsmanship, yet their rich material and bibliographic details often remain locked in specialized catalogs or physical archives. This project explores how integrating fine press information into Wikidata—a global, linked open data platform—can preserve and amplify the cultural significance of these works in a digital context. Using the BYU Library’s fine press holdings, we’re modeling presses, printers, and editions within Wikidata’s semantic framework, creating opportunities for discovery, visualization, and computational analysis that respect the material heritage of the book arts.

The presentation will highlight:

•        Utilizing library holdings to compile a …