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The Bearing Earth: Colonization, Conservation, And Political Ecology In Costa Rica (Coto Brus 1948 - Present), Pablo Alonso Arias-Benavides

Latin American Studies ETDs

This thesis presents two questions: How are relationships between people in Coto Brus and the land – specifically, forest – mediated by social, political, and economic forces? How are personal and collective identities expressed through relationship with the landscape? I chose Coto Brus because it is a forested region of Costa Rica which was populated with state support in the 1950s, and because it is my father’s hometown. In order to understand the subjective experiences of Costa Ricans involved in deforestation and reforestation, I performed interviews in the canton, visited conservation sites, and analyzed historical sources. This study combines multiscale …

Effects Of Nalcn-Encoded Na+ Leak Currents On The Repetitive Firing Properties Of Scn Neurons Depend On K+-Driven Rhythmic Changes In Input Resistance, Nien-Du Yang, Rebecca L Mellor, Tracey O Hermanstyne, Jeanne M Nerbonne

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) generate circadian changes in the rates of spontaneous action potential firing that regulate and synchronize daily rhythms in physiology and behavior. Considerable evidence suggests that daily rhythms in the repetitive firing rates (higher during the day than at night) of SCN neurons are mediated by changes in subthreshold potassium (K

Efficient Delivery Of Biological Cargos Into Primary Cells By Electrodeposited Nanoneedles Via Cell-Cycle-Dependent Endocytosis, Zongjie Wang, Hansen Wang, Sichun Lin, Mahmoud Labib, Sharif Ahmed, Jagotamoy Das, Stephane Angers, Edward H. Sargent, Shana O. Kelley

Peninsula Medical School

Nanoneedles are a useful tool for delivering exogenous biomolecules to cells. Although therapeutic applications have been explored, the mechanism regarding how cells interact with nanoneedles remains poorly studied. Here, we present a new approach for the generation of nanoneedles, validated their usefulness in cargo delivery, and studied the underlying genetic modulators during delivery. We fabricated arrays of nanoneedles based on electrodeposition and quantified its efficacy of delivery using fluorescently labeled proteins and siRNAs. Notably, we revealed that our nanoneedles caused the disruption of cell membranes, enhanced the expression of cell–cell junction proteins, and downregulated the expression of transcriptional factors of …

Functional Duplication Of The Short-Wavelength Sensitive Opsin In Sea Snakes: Evidence For Re-Expanded Colour Sensitivity Following Ancestral Regression, Ih Rossetto, Kl Sanders, B Fonseca Simoes, Nguyen C Van, Aj Ludington

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Color vision is mediated by ancient and spectrally distinct cone opsins. Yet, while there have been multiple losses of opsin genes during the evolution of tetrapods, evidence for opsin gains via functional duplication is extremely scarce. Previous studies have shown that some secondarily marine elapid snakes have acquired expanded “UV–blue” sensitivity via changes at key spectral tuning amino acid sites of the Short-Wavelength Opsin 1 (SWS1) gene. Here, we use elapid reference genomes to show that the molecular origin of this adaptation involved repeated, proximal duplications of the SWS1 gene in the fully marine Hydrophis cyanocinctus. This species possesses four …

Sinaiscope, 1964, V4, September-October, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Mount Sinai Hospital, Milwaukee, WI: Internal staff publication updating personnel on employment changes, announcements, and administrative developments. This issue features an article on the physical medicine and rehabilitation department.

Sinaiscope, 1965, V6, March, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Mount Sinai Hospital, Milwaukee, WI: Internal staff publication updating personnel on employment changes, announcements, and administrative developments. This issue features an article on the new research laboratory.

Sinaiscope, 1965, V10, July, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Mount Sinai Hospital, Milwaukee, WI: Internal staff publication updating personnel on employment changes, announcements, and administrative developments. This issue contains a directory of new fellows and information on various improvements.

Providing Entity Information Within A Video Player App, Keun Soo Yim, Konhee Cha

Defensive Publications Series

Video creators that post videos to online video hosting websites or social media can manually add associated links for the video. When a viewer clicks on an associated link, the viewer is redirected from the video app to another app thereby disrupting the video experience. This disclosure describes machine learning techniques to automatically surface associated links for a video within a video player app and to automatically make curated content about entities in the video available for the user to explore within the video player app. By displaying entity information within the video app while video playback continues, the user …

From Archive To Anarchive: How Bereal Challenges Traditional Archival Concepts And Transforms Social Media Archival Practices, Mandi Li

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

BeReal, an “anti-Instagram” photo-sharing app, not only challenges the performative culture of social media but also revolutionizes the very concept of ‘archives.’ By employing the technical walkthrough method grounded in software studies, this research found that BeReal can be conceptualized as an anarchive that consists of diverse storytellers, decentralized micro-narratives, and interdependent contexts. More specifically, although some classical archival elements can be found in BeReal, the platform challenges the traditional archival industry in two ways: one, its ordinary record subjects and high level of accessibility shatter the centralization of traditional archives; two, it challenges the humanist value of archivists by …

Proteoglycan 4 (Prg4)/Lubricin And The Extracellular Matrix In Gout, Khaled A. Elsaid, Gregory D. Jay, Ru Liu-Bryan, Robert Terkeltaub

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein secreted by synovial fibroblasts and superficial zone chondrocytes, released into synovial fluid, and adsorbed on cartilage and synovial surfaces. PRG4′s roles include cartilage boundary lubrication, synovial homeostasis, immunomodulation, and suppression of inflammation. Gouty arthritis is mediated by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal phagocytosis by synovial macrophages, with NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β release. The phagocytic receptor CD44 mediates MSU crystal uptake by macrophages. By binding CD44, PRG4 limits MSU crystal uptake and downstream inflammation. PRG4/CD44 signaling is transduced by protein phosphatase 2A, which inhibits NF-κB, decreases xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), urate production, and ROS-mediated IL-1β …

Animal Welfare Deserts: Human And Nonhuman Animal Inequities, Laura Reese, Xiaomeng Li

School of Global Integrative Studies: Faculty Publications

Residents of distressed areas of inner cities have less access to many of life’s necessities and amenities than their more well-off counterparts. Geographic proximity has been identified as a primary barrier to accessing care for pets potentially creating animal welfare deserts. This project addresses three questions: Are there visible animal welfare deserts in distressed urban centers?; What human inequities are most strongly related to animal welfare deserts?; and What might be done to address these inequities? Using business location and census data in the city of Detroit, this research identifies distinct animal welfare deserts finding that more prosperous areas have …

Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity To Assess Brain Dysregulation In Post Covid Neurological Syndrome, Musharaf Mohiuddin

Health and Kinesiology Theses

Background: COVID-19 has wide-ranging physiological effects, with many patients complaining of persistent asthenia following recovery from the acute phase of the infection. The frequent term for this is Long Haul COVID (LHC). While we have tools to measure effects on general physiology in human subjects, a metric for cerebral dysregulation is lacking. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is closely regulated in the healthy young person. Dysregulation has been well described in many conditions, including Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES), and is associated with neurological deficits. Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity was used as a tool to assess this dysregulation.

Methods: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) …

Integrating Behavioral Research Findings With A Liberal Arts Paradigm, Jonathan Peterson

LSU Master's Theses

This paper explores the role of behavioral research in understanding the complexity and relevance of creativity. A brief history of the liberal arts and its current application is followed by a discussion of the importance of variability in generating novel and diverse responses, challenging the notion that creativity is solely a product of innate talent. The effects of reinforcement on variability, and how it relates to a complex relationship between reinforcement and the probability of variable responding leads to a discussion of how the combination of previously trained behaviors can lead to creative problem-solving, emphasizing the role of combinatory behavior …

Morphological And Molecular Characterization Of The Olfactory System In The Formosan Subterranean Termite, Paula Castillo

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, is a eusocial insect species. Its members live in colonies consisting of reproductive (queen and king) and non-reproductive individuals (workers and soldiers). Olfaction is an essential sense for the social life of many insects. However, in termites, little is known about how olfactory cues are perceived in the peripheral sensory system (antennae) and processed in the central nervous system (brain) to elicit different behavioral responses across castes. In this study, we investigated the olfactory system in all castes (soldiers, workers, and reproductive alates), from the antennal and brain morphology to the antennal gene …

Predicted Structure And Functional Roles Of Alphaherpesvirus Tegument Protein Ul37 In Virion Morphogenesis And Innate Immunity, Therese Marie Collantes

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Several members of the Family Herpesviridae are clinically significant pathogens, affecting humans and a wide range of animals. Alphaherpesviruses infect epithelial cells at the primary site of infection and subsequently invade adjacent sensory neurons. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is an economically important disease caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), which belongs to the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus. To date, vaccination is the only preventive measure against IBR. Understanding determinants of herpesvirus replication and innate immune regulation is important to help further develop vaccines that are efficacious and incapable of establishing latency in the host nervous system. The alphaherpesvirus …

Phenylpropionic Acid Produced By Gut Microbiota Alleviates Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity, Sungjoon Cho, Xiaotong Yang, Kyoung-Jae Won, Vanessa A. Leone, Eugene B. Chang, Grace Guzman, Hyunwoo Lee, Hyungyoung Jeong

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

The gut microbiota affects hepatic drug metabolism. However, gut microbial factors modulating hepatic drug metabolism are largely unknown. In this study, using a mouse model of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity, we identified a gut bacterial metabolite that controls the hepatic expression of CYP2E1 that catalyzes the conversion of APAP to a reactive, toxic metabolite. By comparing C57BL/6 substrain mice from two different vendors, Jackson (6J) and Taconic (6N), which are genetically similar but harbor different gut microbiotas, we established that the differences in the gut microbiotas result in differential susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. 6J mice exhibited lower susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity …

The Effect Of Third Dose Of Pfizer/Biontech And Moderna Covid-19 Mrna Vaccines On Igg Antibody Titers, Thao A. Khuc, Gregery Pequeno, Monica M. Betancourt-Garcia, Adrienne M. Casciato, Marissa Gomez-Martinez, Carlos D. Arroyo, Bill D. Pope Iii, Shravan Narmala, Sohail Rao

School of Medicine Publications

With the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) authorized the third dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine with the rationale for prolonged elevation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and protection against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

To better understand how administration of the third dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine affects the incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections, we administered the third dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) to 189 participants. Blood samples were collected from participants during each of their scheduled visits (baseline, week two, week 12, and …

Multiple Ways To Implement And Infer Sentience, Nicolas Rouleau, Michael Levin

Animal Sentience

Segundo-Ortin & Calvo’s (S&C’s) thorough review of “plant neurobiology” presents evidence supporting the possibility of plant sentience. They make a compelling case that plants anticipate, assess risk, cooperate, mimic, and pursue goals, as do their animal counterparts. S&C point out that there is a double standard: behavioural patterns associated with subjective experiences in humans are considered valid for inferring cognition in non-human animals but not in diverse other systems including plants. We argue that cognitive functions, including sentience, can potentially be achieved by very different systems and their disparate substrates. We offer some context from the basal cognition literature and …

All That Is Cyber Melts Into Control: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Cybernetic Metaphors, Cem İsmail Addemir

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis historicizes and interprets the logic of cybernetics as a communication technology and how it shaped notions of control in the mid-20th century. To situate my analysis, I focus on cybernetics, the tradition within communication studies that focuses on controlling communication through the application of feedback loops to a particular system. Since the discovery and popularization of cybernetics by the late 1950s, its central logic has been widely applied to computational technology and influenced future systems theories. Specifically, my thesis employs a rhetorical examination of cybernetic metaphors through metaphor criticism to trace the genealogy of cybernetic discourses that I …

When A Calorie Is Not Just A Calorie: Diet Quality And Timing As Mediators Of Metabolism And Healthy Aging, Maria M Mihaylova, Amandine Chaix, Mirela Delibegovic, Jon J Ramsey, Joseph Bass, Girish Melkani, Rajat Singh, Zheng Chen, William W Ja, Michele Shirasu-Hiza, Mary N Latimer, Julie A Mattison, Anna E Thalacker-Mercer, Vishwa Deep Dixit, Satchidananda Panda, Dudley W Lamming

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

An epidemic of obesity has affected large portions of the world, increasing the risk of developing many different age-associated diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. In contrast with the prevailing notion that "a calorie is just a calorie," there are clear differences, within and between individuals, in the metabolic response to different macronutrient sources. Recent findings challenge this oversimplification; calories from different macronutrient sources or consumed at different times of day have metabolic effects beyond their value as fuel. Here, we summarize discussions conducted at a recent NIH workshop that brought together experts in calorie restriction, macronutrient composition, and …

Emt Activates Exocytotic Rabs To Coordinate Invasion And Immunosuppression In Lung Cancer, Guan-Yu Xiao, Xiaochao Tan, Bertha L Rodriguez, Don L Gibbons, Shike Wang, Chao Wu, Xin Liu, Jiang Yu, Mayra E Vasquez, Hai T Tran, Jun Xu, William K Russell, Cara Haymaker, Younghee Lee, Jianjun Zhang, Luisa Solis, Ignacio I Wistuba, Jonathan M Kurie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) underlies immunosuppression, drug resistance, and metastasis in epithelial malignancies. However, the way in which EMT orchestrates disparate biological processes remains unclear. Here, we identify an EMT-activated vesicular trafficking network that coordinates promigratory focal adhesion dynamics with an immunosuppressive secretory program in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The EMT-activating transcription factor ZEB1 drives exocytotic vesicular trafficking by relieving Rab6A, Rab8A, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors from miR-148a-dependent silencing, thereby facilitating MMP14-dependent focal adhesion turnover in LUAD cells and autotaxin-mediated CD8

The Potential Of Probiotics As Ingestible Adjuvants And Immune Modulators For Antiviral Immunity And Management Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection And Covid-19, Sophie Tomkinson, Cloe Triscott, Emily Schenk, Andrew Foey

School of Biomedical Sciences

Probiotic bacteria are able to modulate general antiviral responsiveness, including barrier functionality and innate and adaptive immune responses. The COVID-19 pandemic, resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection, has created a need to control and treat this viral infection and its ensuing immunopathology with a variety of approaches; one such approach may involve the administration of probiotic bacteria. As with most viral infections, its pathological responses are not fully driven by the virus, but are significantly contributed to by the host’s immune response to viral infection. The potential adoption of probiotics in the treatment of COVID-19 will have to appreciate the fine line …

Two New Species Of The Remarkable Scorpion Genus Megacormus Karsch, 1881 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae), Rolando Teruel, František Kovařík, Graeme Lowe, František Šťáhlavský

Euscorpius

Two new species of the very interesting euscorpiid scorpion genus Megacormus Karsch, 1881, are herein described from eastern Mexico. Both had been previously misidentified in the published literature, one as Megacormus segmentatus Pocock, 1900, the other as Megacormus granosus (Gervais, 1844), but the direct comparison of adults of both sexes to adult topotypes from all members of the genus currently accepted as valid taxa, revealed solid morphological characters that warrant their recognition as distinct taxa. Both new species seem also to be endemics with a small distribution area, but apparently not restricted to a single locality. This addition raises the …

Daoist Freedom, Psychological Hygiene, And Social Criticism, Yun Tang

Comparative Philosophy

The article explores the inner logic and defining features of Daoist freedom. It argues that Daoist freedom can be meaningfully understood as psychological hygiene, and it suggests that Daoist xuan-jie (懸解) can be rendered possible only if one can rid oneself of intensional suffering—an idea ultimately inspired by Friedrich Nietzsche. This comparative approach enables the article contribute to the received way of understanding Daoist freedom by stressing its dialectics: by being at ease with one’s social and political environment, Daoist freedom demands social criticism, calling for room for people to be able to act spontaneously so that …

Analyzing Nietzsche And Darwin In Search Of Origin Of Morality: The Evolving Perspective, Anirban Ghosh, Malabika Chakrabarti

Comparative Philosophy

It is generally believed that the greatest asset of human being is the moral values and according to theist such values have been infused in human by the creator. By accepting such view we simply get rid of any effort of searching the origin of morality or ethics and also transfer the responsibility of being ethical on the almighty. But when atheist denied God, the liability of being moral comes to human and also the significant question arose why we should be moral. Probably more important is the hunt for the origin of our morality. In this article we have …

Mount Sinai Tablet, 1964, V13, September, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Mount Sinai Hospital, Milwaukee, WI: Internal publication by and for hospital personnel, medical staff, Ladies' Auxiliary, and friends. This issue includes articles on the annual fundraising gala, the nursing school's commencement, 'candy stripers', and an update on various hospital improvements.

Mount Sinai Tablet, 1968, V21, June, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Mount Sinai Hospital, Milwaukee, WI: Internal publication by and for hospital personnel, medical staff, Ladies' Auxiliary, and friends. This issue includes articles on new hospital administration, home care, artificial kidney technology, and other personnel news.

Comparing The Preventive Measures Of Prophet Muhammads Teachings To Preventive Medicine In Combating Covid-19, Abdul-Rahim El-Sharif, Hashem A. Abu-Harirah, Mai Abdel Haleem A. Abusalah

Information Sciences Letters

This study follows the partial inductive approach to identify the Prophetic Sayings pertaining to the subject. By comparing with contemporary preventive medicine principles, this study aims to present the most salient preventive measures found in the teachings of Prophet Muhammad and which can be useful in preventing COVID-19 epidemic. In addition, it follows the analytical approach in studying the subjects which could be related to the protection against infection transmission and compare them with well-established principles of preventive medicine. And the study follows a deductive approach to identify the most important rules and instructions pertaining to the subject from the …

Utilization Of Multimedia Services In Libraries For Students With Disabilities, M. A. Alomari, S. A. Daradkah, M. O. Abu Al Rub, E. M. Alqsaireen, M. A. Khasawneh

Information Sciences Letters

This study has two primary objectives: first, to determine whether or not students with visual impairments make use of multimedia services, and second, to compile a list of the challenges that handicapped face while attempting to use such services. This research was a descriptive qualitative field study that used a qualitative technique of qualitative description. In addition to interviews and written documentation, observation was another method that was used while compiling this data. The study is significant as it shows the availability of media services in schools’ libraries for students with disabilities. According to the findings of this investigation, pupils …

A New Learning Theory-Based Framework For Combining Flow State With Game Elements To Promote Engagement And Learning In Serious Games, Hussein K. H. Abd El-Sattar

Information Sciences Letters

Serious games (SGs) are seen as a clear aid and a potential technique for motivating learners to engage in active and beneficial learning. The creation of SGs is a difficult task. Learning theory, learning aspects (pedagogy and learning materials), and game design are three cross-disciplinary issues related to successful SG design. Numerous studies have looked at this matter and provided guidelines and frameworks for resolving important research concerns. We discovered, however, that research hardly ever discusses the roots of learning theory in SGs. Unfortunately, designing proper SGs is still more of an art than a science. The science of SGs …