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Anthropological Perspectives Of The Relationship Between Landscape And Human Health In The Neo-Assyrian Empire, Sydnee Jensen Apr 2025

Anthropological Perspectives Of The Relationship Between Landscape And Human Health In The Neo-Assyrian Empire, Sydnee Jensen

Student Research Symposium

Drought can directly impact human health through agriculture. In the distant past, human health data is limited, however we can use studying agricultural data to gain insight into the impacts of drought on human health. This study focuses on phytoliths from animal diets in to shed light on human health during the Assyrian Empire (911 – 609 BCE), an agrarian empire that declined during an arid period.

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Exercise And Its Effect On The Nad Content Of Tissues In Niacin Deficient Mice With Free Choice Running Wheels, Stellaluna Star Apr 2025

Exercise And Its Effect On The Nad Content Of Tissues In Niacin Deficient Mice With Free Choice Running Wheels, Stellaluna Star

Student Research Symposium

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) content of tissues decreases over time during aging. In our study, we determine if physical exercise has an effect on the NAD content in tissues of transgenic mice that were NAD- deficient because of vitamin B3-free diet. The underlying hypothesis of this study is that exercise can prevent NAD decline and maintain higher level of NAD in tissue. A potential impact of this study is that exercise could be used to lengthen healthspan compared to individuals not participating in any physical exercise.

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Grassland For Our World, F Riveros Apr 2025

Grassland For Our World, F Riveros

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The present-day role of grasslands and fodder is reviewed with respect agriculture, animal production and environmental concerns. The world 's grazing lands are a finite resource nnd, overall, are being badly mnnaEed; in most developing countries action is required now, before it is too lnte. They will continue to be a major source of animal feed for the foreseeable future; encroachment from cropping will con

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Effect Of Irrigation On Vegetation Succession And Forage Regerneration, Fu Jing-Yan Apr 2025

Effect Of Irrigation On Vegetation Succession And Forage Regerneration, Fu Jing-Yan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

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On The Cultivation And Utilization Of Floret Silvergrass (Miscanthus Floridulus) In The Southern Area Of China, Zhu Bangchang Apr 2025

On The Cultivation And Utilization Of Floret Silvergrass (Miscanthus Floridulus) In The Southern Area Of China, Zhu Bangchang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The plant genus Miscanthus (silvergrass) includes eight species and one variety in China. In the tropical and subtropi­cal area of south China, the silvergrass distributed widely includes the following seven species : Floret silvergrass ( Miscanthus floridulus), Chinese silvergrass ( M. sinensis), Sugary silvergrass ( M. sacchariflorus), Short-hair silvergrass ( M. brevipilus j, Eulalia silver grass ( M. eulalioides), Szechuan silvcrgrass ( M. szechuanensis), Nepal silvergrass ( M. nepalen�� sis). One of them, Floret silvergrass, is the widest in distri­bution and the highest in economical value, and plays a most important role in …

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Plant-Based Substitutes For Gelatin In Gummy Bears, Neisha Christensen, Tiffany Stoker, Bethany Janes, Kaiah Thomas, Maryann Schneider Apr 2025

Plant-Based Substitutes For Gelatin In Gummy Bears, Neisha Christensen, Tiffany Stoker, Bethany Janes, Kaiah Thomas, Maryann Schneider

Student Research Symposium

Gummy bears are typically made using gelatin. Those who choose to follow a vegan/vegetarian diet are unable to eat products that contain gelatin, since gelatin is made from the collagen found in animal tissues. Additionally, people who avoid eating pork for religious or other reasons cannot consume gelatin, as it is commonly derived from pork.

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Herbage Dynamics And Plant-Animal Performance On Altered Northern Great Plains Rangelands, P O. Currie, D C. Adams, J D. Volesky Apr 2025

Herbage Dynamics And Plant-Animal Performance On Altered Northern Great Plains Rangelands, P O. Currie, D C. Adams, J D. Volesky

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Mechanical, chemical, and seeding treatments have been used on rangeland to increase herbage production (Griffith et al., 1985). These treatments are generally applied to rangelands in a low serial stage of succession. Improving these rangelands is of major economic importance to livestock producers attempting lo increase the efficiency of their operations. Our study evaluated 5 range improvement treatments for improving herbage and ani­mal production efficiency

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Methodology To Determine Planting Time In King Grass (Pennisetum Sp.) Using Historical Climatic Indices, J R. Ayala, M Sistachs, R S. Herrera Apr 2025

Methodology To Determine Planting Time In King Grass (Pennisetum Sp.) Using Historical Climatic Indices, J R. Ayala, M Sistachs, R S. Herrera

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The determination of planting time by field trials has various disadvantages. These trials should be repeated at least for 3 years comparing different months and the extension of the results is limited. The analysis of the climatic effects would allow a greater generalization with correlations between cli­matic and establishment indices. The season of the year in which the highest number of correlations with monthly histori­cal climatic values are fulfilled is required so as to determine planting time. The objective of the present methodology is to select planting time by using correlations between climatic and establishment indices and the monthly characterization …

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Methods For The Establishment Of Leucaena Leucocoephala In Cuba, T E. Ruiz, G Febles, N Sistachs, L E. Diaz, G Bernal, J J. Leon Apr 2025

Methods For The Establishment Of Leucaena Leucocoephala In Cuba, T E. Ruiz, G Febles, N Sistachs, L E. Diaz, G Bernal, J J. Leon

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Studies in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world on the factors influencing the establishment and early manage­ment of legume swards as pure cultures have not been carried out integrally. Thus, the objective of the present study was to define the best options of the main components so as to develop a technology for establishing Leucaena leucocephala under our conditions.

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Studies On Seed Storage And Sowing Time Of Leucaena Leucocphala In Cuba, T E. Ruiz, G Febles Apr 2025

Studies On Seed Storage And Sowing Time Of Leucaena Leucocphala In Cuba, T E. Ruiz, G Febles

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Germination of stored seeds and sowing time are essential factors that must be known when a technology for pasture utili­zation is required (Febles and Ruiz, 1986; Ruiz and Febles, 1986). Thus, these experiments were set out to learn the per­formance of the seed quality of Leucaena leucocephala cv Peru stored under different conditions and to determine the influence of the sowing time of this species during the rainy season.

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Factors Influencing Pasture Establishment And Persistence In The Mid-Altitude Zone, Yunnan, Southern China, Kui Jia-Xiang, R N. Glencross, Ai Hongxin, Chen Xiong Apr 2025

Factors Influencing Pasture Establishment And Persistence In The Mid-Altitude Zone, Yunnan, Southern China, Kui Jia-Xiang, R N. Glencross, Ai Hongxin, Chen Xiong

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The mid-altitude zone in Yunnan Province of SW China ranges from 1500-2500 m in altitude and has a climate inter­grading between sub-tropical and temperate with a mean temp. of 7-10°C in the coldest month and 19-22 °C in the hottest month. The annual rainfall ranges from 800-1200 mm with 80 % falling in the monsoon period, May to September. About 80 % of the total 39.4 m ha of the province is in this very hilly mid-altitude zone. (He et al., 1982) Native grassland vegetation is dominated by Themeda trianda, Arundinella radoli, Imperata cylindrica and some other grasses such as …

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Obtention Of King Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum) Clones From Tissue Culture. Selection And Evaluation Of Mutants, R O. Martinez, M Monzote, R S. Herraera, R Cruz, V Torres Apr 2025

Obtention Of King Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum) Clones From Tissue Culture. Selection And Evaluation Of Mutants, R O. Martinez, M Monzote, R S. Herraera, R Cruz, V Torres

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

King grass (2n = 28) is widely used in Cuba for forage pro­duction. The increase in the variability of this species is there­fore of special interest in agriculture. Tissue culture as a tech­nique to produce and select somaclones from the king grass donor was used to obtain variability. These were obtained when the apical meristems were cultivated in MS medium with 3 mg/I of 2,4 D to regenerate the plants with different hormonal combinations. Those of 0.1 mg/! of kinetine (Martinez, 1986) were prominent. The variability in the selection and evaluation processes is exposed in this paper.

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The Efficacy Of A High Magnesium Italian Ryegrass Cultivar In Alleviating Hypomagnesamia, G Moseley, D M. Baker, D H. Hides Apr 2025

The Efficacy Of A High Magnesium Italian Ryegrass Cultivar In Alleviating Hypomagnesamia, G Moseley, D M. Baker, D H. Hides

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Hypomagnesaemia continues to cause serious economic losses in grazing livestock and recent evidence suggests that its incidence may be increasing. The disease is characterised by a drop in the concentration of magnesium in extracellular fluid and occurs in two forms, chronic and acute. Both forms give rise to classical clinical symptoms which may either result in death or drastically reduced levels of production. The body does not contain a major source of labile magnesium nor does it have a homeostatic mechanism for controlling the level of magnesium in extracellular fluid. The maintainance of normal levels therefore depends almost entirely on …

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Evaluation And Selection Of The Salt-Tolerant Alfalfa, Geng Huazhu Apr 2025

Evaluation And Selection Of The Salt-Tolerant Alfalfa, Geng Huazhu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) as a good forage has b��en popu­larly cultivated for a long time in China. Now it is mainly distributed in the north of the Yangtse River, and covers about 1.3 million hectares in the 14 provinces and regions. It can be planted in the saline-alkali areas, accept alluvial plains and hill regions, for instance, the North of Jiangsu, East of Hebei, North-west of Shandong and Xingjiang. The alfalfa is success­fully used in improving and utilizing the saline-alkali soils for developing animal husbandry in the Gangzhou District of Hebei Province, where its planting area is increasing rapidly, …

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Plant Improvement Using Endophytic Fungi, G C.M Latch Apr 2025

Plant Improvement Using Endophytic Fungi, G C.M Latch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Endophytic fungi which grow intercellularly in many species of grasses have been a scientific curiosity for almost a century. The mycelium of many of these fungi never emerges from the plant and the fungus is disseminated by way of hyphae in the seed. Other endophytes such as Epichloe typhina form a myce­lial weft around the developing inflorescences thus preventing seed formation. Grasses infected with endophytes usually appear healthy and the presence of the fungus can only be detected by examining tissues from leaf, sheath, culms and seed for fungal mycelium. The economic importance of these fungi was first discovered by …

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Non Conventional Evaluation Of Tropical Pasture Accessions, R T. Paterson Apr 2025

Non Conventional Evaluation Of Tropical Pasture Accessions, R T. Paterson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Many thousands of tropical and sub-tropical grass and legume accessions are to be found in germplasm banks in Australia (Tropical Forages Genetic Resources Centre), Colombia (CIAT), Ethiopia (ILCA) and other countries, but most are poorly categorized in terms of their climatic, edaphic and biotic adaptation. In contrast, a number of ecosystems in the developing world are poorly served with pasture varieties capable of sustaining high levels of animal production. It is likely that such material exists in germplasm collections, but since it has not been tested under a range of conditions, it remains unidentified. There is an urgent need to …

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Research On Distant Hybridization Between Melissutus Ruthenicus C.W Chang And Medicago Sativa Zhaodong, Wang Diankui, Li Hong, Luo Xinyi Apr 2025

Research On Distant Hybridization Between Melissutus Ruthenicus C.W Chang And Medicago Sativa Zhaodong, Wang Diankui, Li Hong, Luo Xinyi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Distant hybridization can be used to combine the characteri­stics of different species and genus to produce a new variety. By crossing the wild species Melissutus ruthenicus C.W. Chang (2n = 2x = 16) which exhibits cold-, drought- and salt-alkali resistance with the local high-yielding cultivar Medicago saliva Zhaodong (2 n = 4 x = 32), it was hoped to synthesize the fine characteristics of two parents, to obtain a new intermediate variety of alfalfa. This paper reports on the advance of the hyb­ridization, the results of cytological studies and the tendency of variations of filial generations as a guide to …

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Breeding Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) For Stall-Feeding, B S. Sidhu, P D. Mehndiratta, R K. Batta Apr 2025

Breeding Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) For Stall-Feeding, B S. Sidhu, P D. Mehndiratta, R K. Batta

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Punjab is a part oflndo-Gangetic plain with sub-tropical cli­mate. Due to fertile alluvial soil, assured irrigation and small holdings intensive agriculture is in practice. Same plain land is suitable for forage as well as grain production, thus farmers sel­ect to grow which is profitable. Production of milk by stall­feeding of animals on multicut annual summer grasses raised under heavy nitrogen and assured irrigation is relatively econ­omical for the farmers. Thus, a breeding programme on Guinea Grass which responds better to nitrogen than many other summer grasses, was undertaken to develop fast growing annual type which may be cultivated to produce …

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Great Diversity For Increased Yield Within Narrow Grass Population, Glenn W. Burton Apr 2025

Great Diversity For Increased Yield Within Narrow Grass Population, Glenn W. Burton

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Increasing yield of animal product per unit of input is the ultimate objective of any forage breeding project. It increases the efficiency of production and the profit of the producer. It may be achieved by screening and utilizing the world diversity of a species as has been demonstrated in Cynodon spp. (Burton, 1947, 1988). It can also be realized by recurrent restricted phenotypic selection (RRPS) within a narrow-based grass pop­ulation. Pensacola bahiagrass, Paspalum notatum var. saure Parodi, a sexual diploid (2n = 20) that occupies several million hectares in the southern USA is such a grass. It originated as a …

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The Study On The High Yield Property Of Billion Dollar Grass, Wan Lishong, Liu Shenglin, Geng Renren, Shao Shengrong, Jiang Wenkui Apr 2025

The Study On The High Yield Property Of Billion Dollar Grass, Wan Lishong, Liu Shenglin, Geng Renren, Shao Shengrong, Jiang Wenkui

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In 1964, one plant of billion dollar grass (Echinochloa crus­galli Link) was found by Wan Lisheng in artificial grassland in mid-part of the desert steppe in Ningxia, China. 50 g of seeds were collected in the same year. After 24 years' systematic selec­tion breeding, a new variety named Hai zi-1 billion dollar grass (BDG) was developed. The characteristics of the grass were high-yield and fine quality with extraordinary plant height. The average height of the community was 180-230 cm, the highest plant could be 250 cm high. Its field yield was 16,866 t/ha DM in Ningxia plain irrigated area …

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Grass Adaptation In Cuba. Ii. Regional Results With New Cultivars, J J. Paretas Apr 2025

Grass Adaptation In Cuba. Ii. Regional Results With New Cultivars, J J. Paretas

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Cuba, bovine feeding is based on the maximum pasture and forage utilization. Pastures occupy approximately 3.0 mil­lion hectares, the highest agricultural area of the country. From there, one million hectares are sown with improved varieties and the rest with low yielding and poor quality natural species or shrub areas with a very poor utilization area (Paretas and Carballar, 1988). On considering the high genetic potential of the animals mainly pures or with a high Holstein blood percentage, empha­sis is made to transform the areas dedicated to pasture by improving the varieties yielding more and with a more stable production …

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Comparative Study Of Some Varieties Of Cowpea I- Productivity And Nutritive Analysis, K M. Ghobrial, M A. Gabra Apr 2025

Comparative Study Of Some Varieties Of Cowpea I- Productivity And Nutritive Analysis, K M. Ghobrial, M A. Gabra

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Egypt, the serious problem of feed shortage, especially of green summer fodder suppresses the improvement of animal production. Therefore, dependence on improving local food and food resources for both animals and humans becomes a «must» for a right policy. The animal feeding system is depen­ding on the cultivation of berseem (Trifolium alexandrium L.). It produces annually around 4.81 million tons starch value/year and could cover the requirements of animals with surplus of 0.92 million tons starch value. However, in summer period, there will be at least a deficiency of 1.50 million tons starch value and most animals are …

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Early-Maturing And High-Yielding New Pea Varieties Zhongwan N1, N2, N3, And N4, Yunyue Sun, Jiakai Su Apr 2025

Early-Maturing And High-Yielding New Pea Varieties Zhongwan N1, N2, N3, And N4, Yunyue Sun, Jiakai Su

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Pea is one of the main edible beans for the Chinese people. The total output of pea in China is third only to that of soybean and broad bean. In the main producing area, pea is a protein supplement feed for the animals and poultry next to bean meal. However, the planting area was restricted because most of the old varieties have long growing periods. The yield is low, the seed quality is poor, the plant is high, so it is easy to lodge. Therefore we selected and bred new pea varieties with early­maturing,' high-yielding, low-plant and erect as well …

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The Performance Of Wheatgrass Cultivars In Inner Mongolia Of China, Yun Jing-Feng, Mi Fu-Gui Apr 2025

The Performance Of Wheatgrass Cultivars In Inner Mongolia Of China, Yun Jing-Feng, Mi Fu-Gui

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Crested wheatgrass (Agropyron J. Gaertn) is native to Eurasia and most commonly occurs in southern regions of the U.S.S.R., northern regions of China and the P.R. of Mongolia. It is a main species component of steppe, sandy regions of steppe and mountain vegetation. Crested wheatgrass is a very winter-hardy, drought-resistant, extremely long-lived perennial bunchgrass. It regrows very early in the spring and turns yellow very late in the fall, main­taining a period of green growth more than 7 months. It is more widely used for rangeland improvement and artificial pasture establishment in the arid and semi-arid regions. There are …

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Genetic Engineering For Pastures, W J. Peacock Apr 2025

Genetic Engineering For Pastures, W J. Peacock

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The flrst genetically engineered food products frolll hotticultural production systems are now enlering the Market and field trials of genetically engineered crop species are well advanced. We can expect that a range of crop cultivars, in which genetic engineering is n component of the breeding process, will soon go into broad ncre agriculture. Pasture species are nut far behind. Gene transfer systems are in place for a number of temperate and tropical pasture legumes and even for a few species of more dlrficult grasses. Genetic transfer systems are In place for a numoec of temperate and tropical pastvce legumes and …

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Ammonia Volatilisation And Loss From Grassland Systems, S C. Jarvis, B F. Pain, D J. Hatch, R B. Thompson Apr 2025

Ammonia Volatilisation And Loss From Grassland Systems, S C. Jarvis, B F. Pain, D J. Hatch, R B. Thompson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

There is considerable interest in monitoring flows of nitrogen (N) through various parts of grassland systems. Until recent developments in methodology it had been particularly difficult to assess the contribution of NH3 volatilisation to N cycling. Emission rates for NH3 over Europe are thought to have increased by 50 % over the past 30-40 years and to arise largely from livestock excreta. This occurs after the hydrolysis of excreted urea and, with cattle, takes place directly from grazed swards, animal houses (during overwintering) and stored or applied slurry. As well as the economic losses, NH3 fluxes have important environmental consequences …

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Nitrogen Losses From Cattle Dung, Y Sugimoto, P Roger Ball Apr 2025

Nitrogen Losses From Cattle Dung, Y Sugimoto, P Roger Ball

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Nitrogen (N) recylcing through animal excreta has long been considered beneficial to soil fertility in pasture. However, it was revealed recently that substantial N loss occurred via urine pat­ches in intensively managed grass-clover pastures in New Zeal­and (Ball et al, 1979 and 1981; Ball and Ryden, 1984). Nitrogen flow through dung patches is another main process in N recycling, as one-third to a half ot the N excreted by cattle and sheep is voided in dung (Whitehead, 1970; Sugimoto et al, 1987). The objective of this research was to determine the nitrogen losses from cattle dung in a ryegrass-white clover …

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Effect Of Nitrogen On Herbage Growth And Intake By Sheep In Continuously Grazed Swards Of Tall Fescue Genotypes, A Mazzanti, G Lemaire, F Gastal Apr 2025

Effect Of Nitrogen On Herbage Growth And Intake By Sheep In Continuously Grazed Swards Of Tall Fescue Genotypes, A Mazzanti, G Lemaire, F Gastal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Relatively little is known about the growth of tall fescue under continuous grazing. Most of reported works about herb­ age production in such a grazing management have been done with perennial ryegrass and with relatively high levels of nitro­ gen fertilisation (Hodgson, 1981 ; Bircham, 1981; Parsons et al., 1983). The effect ot the level N nutrition on growth of a continuously grazing sward has not been yet studied. On intermitently defoliated swards of tall fescue, Gastal & Lemaire (1988) have shown that with non limiting level of N nutrition the increase in dry matter production could be 4 or …

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Performance Of Cartenoid Pigments Of King Gras (Pennisteum Purperum) Mutants, J Lauzan, R S. Herrera, R O. Martinez, R Cruz Apr 2025

Performance Of Cartenoid Pigments Of King Gras (Pennisteum Purperum) Mutants, J Lauzan, R S. Herrera, R O. Martinez, R Cruz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Previous studies from this series have indicated the varia­bility reached in respect to yields and quality of the king grass clones obtained by in vitro tissue culture. The study of the photosynthetic pigments could contribute to explain the performance of these somaclones in respect to their growth and development. Thus, the objective of the pre­sent experiment was to learn the content and variation of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids.

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The Effects Of Coconut Palms On Pasture Understory, R W. Snaydon, D.N S. Fernando, R Sangakkara Apr 2025

The Effects Of Coconut Palms On Pasture Understory, R W. Snaydon, D.N S. Fernando, R Sangakkara

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Pastures are extensively grown under coconut palms, and mainly grazed by cattle (Plucknett, 1979). The main advantages of this form of mixed cropping are : (a) diversification of products, (b) additional income, (c) feed for draft animals, (d) weed control, and (e) more rapid nutrient cycling. Surprisingly little information is available on the effects of pastures and coconut palms on each other (Plucknett, 1979) ; even less is known about the mechanisms of competition between them. This study was designed to study the effects of coconut palms on pasture. A trenching technique was used to investigate the effects of below-ground …

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