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Parental And Carer Responses To Angelman Syndrome And Prader-Willi Syndrome, Allyson K. Thomson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The research project undertaken as part of this thesis was designed to assess family stress levels and the use of coping strategies among the carers of people with an intellectual disability caused by Angelman syndrome (AS) or Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Both syndromes are genomic imprinting disorders that arise from disruptions in genes located within human chromosome 15q11-q13. Although the disease phenotypes are quite distinct, the genetic mechanisms involved are common to both syndromes but involve paternally-derived mutations in PWS as opposed to maternal mutations in AS. Previous investigations in Western Australia (WA) indicated that people with AS and PWS experience …

The Physical And Psychological Stress Of Police Officers, Elizabeth Ann Gilbert

Student Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of this study was to (1) determine health-related and job-related fitness scores of Jonesboro, AR polices officers and (2) determine self-reported psychological stress levels of these officers. The fitness tests included blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), vertical jump, Illinois agility test, one-repetition bench press maximum, curl-up test, push-up test, twelve-minute run and trunk flexion test. Psychological stress was evaluated using operational and organizational stress surveys that were designed for use with law enforcement personnel. The stress survey was completed by 44 officers and the fitness tests were completed by 36 officers. Mean scores, standard deviations, and frequency …

Improving Psychological And Physical Health In Women Of Color Via Salsa Dancing, Scherezade K. Mama, Ashley V. Medina, Raul O. Edwards, Lorna Mcneill, Rebecca E. Lee

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: Physical activity improves psychological and physical health. Latin dancing is popular and can be used to meet moderate to vigorous physical activity intensity recommendations. The purpose of this study was to determine whether participation in a Latin dance intervention reduced perceived stress and improved health. Method: SAving Lives, Staying Active (SALSA) was an 8-week randomized controlled cross-over design, pilot study to promote regular physical activity from Latin dance and fruit and vegetable consumption as a means to preventing obesity among women of color in Houston, Texas. Participants were randomized to a four week bi-weekly salsa dance or web-based dietary …

Prospective Evaluation Of A Cognitive Vulnerability-Stress Model For Depression: The Interaction Of Schema Self-Structures And Negative Life Events., Pamela M Seeds, David J A Dozois

Psychology Publications

This study tested the diathesis-stress component of Beck's (1967) cognitive theory of depression. Initially, participants completed measures assessing cognitive organization of the self-schema and depressive symptoms. One year later, participants completed measures assessing cognitive organization of the self-schema, depressive symptoms, and negative life events. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses, controlling for initial depression, indicated that more tightly interconnected negative content was associated with greater elevations in depressive symptoms following the occurrence of life events. More diffusely interconnected positive content for interpersonal self-referent information also interacted with life events to predict depressive symptoms. Cognitive organization dimensions showed moderate to high stability across …

Daily Emotional Experiences, Stress, And Ptsd Symptoms Among Midlife Women Exposed To Intimate Partner Violence : An Experience Sampling Study., Rebecca Ann Weigel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Described as important long-term consequences of trauma exposure, disruptions in emotional processes are regarded as central features of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the nature of these posttraumatic emotional disruptions remains poorly understood. The present study attempted to further understanding of these emotional disruptions by using experience sampling methodologies and electronic diaries to assess experiences of emotion, stress, and PTSD symptoms as they occurred in the day-to-day lives of midlife women exposed to intimate partner violence. Three sets of hypotheses were advanced and were tested using multilevel modeling approaches, with results demonstrating partial support for hypotheses overall. First, although past-month …

Voices Raised, Issue 30, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: Sisterhood of the Traveling Scarf; Dr. Corvino Speaks on Homosexuality; Center for Social Concern Offers Break-out Trips; UD Shows Continues Dedication to Women’s Athletics; The A Team; There’s no (bent) grass growing under these sisters feet; The Importance of Taking Time for Yourself; Home for the Holidays; Unique Nativity Scenes; Thanks to those who make UD “run like butter”.

Race And Psychological Distress: The South African Stress And Health Study, Pamela Braboy Jackson, David R. Williams, Dan J. Stein, Allen Herman, Stacey L. Williams, Deidre L. Redmond

ETSU Faculty Works

We analyze data from the South African Stress and Health Study, a nationally representative in-person psychiatric epidemiologic survey of 4,351 adults conducted as part of the World Mental Health Survey Initiative between January 2002 and June 2004. All blacks (Africans, Coloreds, and Indians) initially report higher levels of non-specific distress and anger/hostility than whites. Access to socioeconomic resources helps explain differences in non-specific distress between Coloreds and whites and Indians and whites. However, only when social stressors are considered do we find few differences in psychological distress (i.e., non-specific distress and anger/hostility) between Africans and whites. In addition, self-esteem and …

Effect Of Stress On Mucin Expression In The Gastrointestinal Tract Of Mice., Bupe Martha Habiyambere

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of chronic stress on mucin expression in the GIT of mice. Sixteen ICR male mice were randomly divided into treated and control animals. Restraint stress was applied to the treated group for 21 days. Body weight (BW) changes and feed consumed (FC) were regularly recorded. After 21 days mice were euthanized and blood, GIT mucosa, and GIT sections were collected. Serum corticosterone levels were determined. The GIT sections were fixed, paraffin embedded, sectioned, and stained with AB-PAS to visualize goblet cells. Mucin expression was determined using qPCR. As expected stressed mice showed higher corticosterone than …

Does Affective Commitment Decrease The Level Of Stress Reported In Teachers? A Comparison Of Primary And Secondary School Teachers, Rhiannon Williams

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Occupational stress has been established as a predictor of low physical and psychological well-being. Organisational commitment can act as a buffer to the adverse effects of stress. Two types of commitment (affective and continuance) were studied to determine whether they have the same buffering effect. The ASSET questionnaire was completed by 112 teachers (52 primary, 60 secondary). The two types of commitment differed in their effect on stress, with high affective commitment leading to lower levels of stress and high continuance commitment resulting in higher levels of stress. No difference was found between the reported stress levels of primary and …

The Relation Between Sensation Seeking And Life Satisfaction, Stephanie Stegman

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

The present study examined the relation between sensation seeking and life satisfaction. Participants completed four online surveys. One survey included a number of questions designed to measure personal sensation seeking level (Sensation Seeking Scale Form V). Another asked questions regarding life satisfaction (Satisfaction With Life Scale). A third survey included questions regarding one’s feelings about one’s self (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale). The final survey asked questions regarding perceived stress level (Perceived Stress Scale). Results indicated that higher levels of Disinhibition and Boredom Susceptibility were associated with lower levels of life satisfaction. Results also demonstrated that higher levels of Boredom Susceptibility were …

Hours Of Boredom, Moments Of Terror: Temporal Desynchrony In Military And Security Force Operations, Peter A. Hancock, Gerald P. Krueger

Defense and Technology Papers

The authors examine resultant psychological and behavioral implications for combatant and security personnel performance as viewed through application of a traditional human psychological stress model. Inadequate recognition of the implications resulting from long lull periods, combat pulses, and the need to recover from stress can lead to dysfunctional soldiering as well as poor individual and small unit performance.

The Relationship Between Measured Levels Of Stress And Coping Preferences Of North Carolina Elementary Principals, Devon Carson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The purpose of the study was to examine the sources of stress and the coping preferences of elementary school principals in North Carolina. Secondary analysis addressed demographic differences and any relationships between stress and coping preferences.Data were collected through the survey research method and was primarily descriptive and correlational. A questionnaire was emailed to 500 participants randomly selected for this research, 222 responded. The first section of questions consisted of the Administrative Stress Index (ASI), which comprised 35 stressors principals confront in their work.The second set of questions included the Roesch Coping Preference Scale (RCPS), consisting of 21 statements to …

Psychotherapeutic Treatment In Combination With Relaxation In A Flotation Tank: Effects On "Burn-Out Syndrome", Anette Kjellgren, Hanne Buhrkall, Torsten Norlander

The Qualitative Report

The focus of this study was to investigate experiences gained from treatment combining relaxation in flotation tank with psychotherapy for sufferers from "burn-out syndrome". Six people participated in a ten week program. They were all interviewed; the data were analyzed using the Empirical Phenomenological Psychological method. Five themes emerged: (a) direct experiences during flotation, (b) effects due to the treatment sessions, (c) psychological transformation, (d) reflections about the treatment program, and (e) demanding and rewarding psychological process over time. All participants went through psychological transformations and improvements in quality of life. At the end of the treatment program, all participants …

So Many Choices, So Little Time: Religiosity And The Stress Of Making Decisions, Joshua David Boeke

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Numerous studies have appeared in the literature demonstrating that religiosity and mental health are positively related. However, although investigators have identified several variables that partially mediate the effects of religiosity on mental health, much of this relationship remains unexplained. The goal of this survey study was to examine to what extent religious individuals experience better mental health outcomes because they experience less stress when making decisions. Specifically, this study evaluated whether religious individuals reduce the number of decision alternatives they consider when making decisions, which in turn should make decision making easier and reduce decision-making stress. Participants were asked to …

Associations Between Mindfulness And Symptoms Of Anxiety., Leisa L. Wells

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This cross-sectional exploratory study considered the associations between mindfulness and symptoms of anxiety. The participants in this study were 183 undergraduate students at a regional university in the southeastern United States. The general hypothesis was that higher levels of mindfulness would be associated with lower levels of anxiety. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to examine the association between a variety of aspects of mindfulness and symptoms of anxiety while controlling for a variety of demographic and historical variables, including previous experience with meditation. Results suggest that not all aspects of mindfulness were related to anxiety. Of the 12 specific …

Perceived Workplace Discrimination As A Mediator Of The Relationship Between Work Environment And Employee Outcomes: Does Minority Status Matter?, Nicole Ellis Jagusztyn

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the current study was to explore the role of six organizational factors (Equal Employment Opportunity, minority segmentation, diversity climate, instrumental social support, emotional social support, and token status) in the perception of discrimination in the workplace by minorities and majority-group members. Five outcomes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, intention to turnover, physical health, and psychological health) were investigated in response to perceived discrimination. Moderated mediation was used to test hypothesis where perceived discrimination mediated the relationship between organizational antecedents and outcomes; minority status served as the moderators. Support for the mediating role of perceived discrimination was found in …

A Comparative Study Of Perceived Stress Among Female Medical And Non-Medical University Students In Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Badria K. Al-Dabal, Manal R. Koura, Parveen Al-Sowielem, Latifa, Suhair M. Makki

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate any differences between female undergraduate medical and non-medical students for: 1) prevalence and causes of perceived academic stress, and 2) changes in physical, mental, psychological and emotional health as well as life-style since starting college studies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Dammam University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, in January 2008. All 319 pre-clinical female medical students were included in the study and 297 non-medical students from the College of Applied Studies and Community Services (CASCS) were selected by stratified random sampling. The study instrument was a questionnaire on the “Influence …

Autonomic Reactivity And Recovery In Healthy Black, White, And Hispanic Women With And Without A Family History Of Cardiovascular Disease, Mardís Sara Karlsdóttir

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity and impaired recovery to psychological stress is independently related to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and may play a causal role in its development. I examined autonomic reactivity and recovery in 136 black, white, and Hispanic women who were predisposed to CVD, as indicated by a positive family history (FH+). Pre-ejection period (PEP; sympathetic) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA; parasympathetic) were measured during public speaking, mental arithmetic, and cold pressor tasks. Overall, FH+ participants exhibited greater RSA reactivity, while black participants exhibited impaired RSA recovery. These findings suggest that a hereditary predisposition for CVD is related to altered autonomic …

Activation Of Gabaa And 5ht1a Receptors In The Raphe Pallidus Abolish The Cardiovascular Responses To Stress In Conscious Rats, Nhut Minh Pham Le

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Serotonergic neurons of the raphe pallidus area of the brainstem are involved in the cardiovascular responses to stress. However, the manner in which they mediate these responses is not well understood and severe abnormalities in this system have been associated with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. In the current study, microinjections of muscimol and 8-OH-DPAT (GABAA and 5HT1A receptor agonists, respectively) into the raphe pallidus abolished the increase in mean arterial pressure and the tachycardiac responses following air jet, handing, and restraint stress that were observed following microinjections of artificial cerebrospinal fluid. The stress responses following muscimol microinjections suggest that this …

The Transition From Medical Student To Junior Doctor: Today's Experiences Of Tomorrow's Doctors., Nicola Brennan, Oonagh Corrigan, Jon Allard, Julian Archer, Rebecca Barnes, Alan Bleakley, Tracey Collett, Bere Sr De

Peninsula Medical School

CONTEXT Medical education in the UK has recently undergone radical reform. Tomorrow's Doctors has prescribed undergraduate curriculum change and the Foundation Programme has overhauled postgraduate education. OBJECTIVES This study explored the experiences of junior doctors during their first year of clinical practice. In particular, the study sought to gain an understanding of how junior doctors experienced the transition from the role of student to that of practising doctor and how well their medical school education had prepared them for this. METHODS The study used qualitative methods comprising of semi-structured interviews and audio diary recordings with newly qualified doctors based at …

Managing Bpo Service Workers In India: Examining Hope On Performance Outcomes, Gwendolyn M. Combs, Rachel Clapp-Smith, Sucheta Nadkarni

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

Much attention has been given to the explosion in business process outsourcing (BPO) operations in India. Little concern, however, has been paid to the performance of Indian service workers in these fast-paced and sometimes turbulent environments. Using a sample of 160 service workers from a privately held BPO firm in India, we examine the relationship between Indian service workers’ hope and their performance outcomes. Regression and structural equation model analyses indicated a significant positive relationship between Indian service workers’ levels of hope and their performance. These promising results highlight the importance of measuring and managing employee hope to maximize employee …

Enhanced Psychosocial Well-Being Following Participation In A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program Is Associated With Increased Natural Killer Cell Activity., Carolyn Y Fang, Diane K Reibel, Margaret L Longacre, Steven Rosenzweig, Donald E Campbell, Steven D Douglas

Marcus Institute of Integrative Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programs have consistently been shown to enhance the psychosocial well-being of participants. Given the well-established association between psychosocial factors and immunologic functioning, it has been hypothesized that enhanced psychosocial well-being among MBSR participants would be associated with corresponding changes in markers of immune activity.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to examine changes in psychosocial and immunologic measures in a heterogeneous patient sample following participation in a MBSR program.

DESIGN: A single-group, pretest/post-test design was utilized.

SETTING: The intervention was conducted at an academic health center.

SUBJECTS: This pilot study involved 24 participants (aged …

High-Stakes Testing And Its Relationship To Stress Levels Of Secondary Teachers, Sonya Colman Christian

Dissertations

This study investigated the relationship between high-stakes testing and the stress levels of secondary teachers in Jackson’s Jackson Public School District. The independent variables of age, gender, subject taught, teaching experience, degree and school level were used to determine the differences of the various groups. A survey was piloted and used to determine teachers’ levels of stress. There was not a statistically significant difference between the stress levels of teachers who teach subjects that are measured by high-stakes testing and those who do not. There also was not a statistically significant difference between the stress levels of veteran teachers and …

The Ability Of The Coping Competence Questionnaire To Predict Resilience Against Learned Helplessness Among Undergraduate College Students: An Experimental Study, Cindy L. Ollis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Coping Competence Questionnaire (CCQ), based on the reformulated learned helplessness theory, was designed to assess a general stress resistance versus a propensity towards learned helplessness with a brief, 12-item self-report questionnaire. In this study the CCQ was administered to 247 undergraduate students, who were then paired, in groups of around 24 at a time, and then randomly assigned to either success or failure conditions on the computer game TetraVex. Mood was pretested using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) depression subscale; the experimental condition, success or failure at TetraVex was conducted; then outcome measures including 20 five letter anagrams …

A Description Of The Influence Of Nclb Accountability Mandates On Administrator Job Satisfaction Of A Combined Middle-High Principal In Rural Georgia, Boyd K. English

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of No Child Left Behind accountability mandates on administrator job satisfaction of a rural combined middle-high principal. The researcher identified a gap in research associated with the influence of accountability mandates on the job satisfaction of a combined middle-high principal. Therefore, the focus on a combined middle-high principal in rural Georgia allowed the researcher to conduct a qualitative case study to address the gap in current educational research. The overarching question and sub-questions guided the case study and provided the necessary framework essential in describing the influence of accountability on …

Stress Levels And Development: A Phenomenology Of Autistic Children And Their Parents, Tiffany R. Wiggs

Senior Honors Theses

Being a parent means taking on both the joys and struggles that come with it. When a parent discovers that his or her child has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the level of stress changes. It could be helpful to discover the severity of change that the stresses involved in parenting a child with ASD brings to the parent/child relationship and what effect this has on a child’s physical, cognitive, emotional, and spiritual development. To attempt to answer these questions, six parents were interviewed. Findings suggested that structure in daily living improves the quality of the child/parent relationship …

Stress And The Chinese Key Middle School, Ping Wang

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

The Chinese key middle school is different from the non-key middle school in several ways. First, the key middle school enrolls students with higher examination scores. The students study in smaller classes—ordinarily there are 50 students in one key middle school class, fewer than the non-key middle school. Accordingly, each individual in the key middle school can get more attention from teachers. Second, outstanding graduate students from advanced normal universities are assigned to teach in the key middle schools. Third, better teaching facilities are provided to help the students with their studies.

Selected Demographic Characteristics And Social Interest As Predictors Of Teacher Stress, Barry J. Morales

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of the research was to study stress in teachers in Louisiana by utilizing a descriptive/comparative research design. Hypotheses were tested concerning relationships between each of seven independent variables and the dependent variable (teacher stress). The independent variables were (a) years of teaching experience, (b) educational levels of teachers (college degrees), (c) age, (d) gender, (e) social interest, (f) geographical location (North and South Louisiana), and (g) educational levels of students taught by teachers (elementary, middle, high school). The procedure for choosing the participants involved a sample of convenience whereby superintendents provided access/permission to specific schools. Nine schools (three …

Coping With Stress [Brochure And Video], Rachel Hoover, Carol Nichole Sherrell

Counseling Concepts and Applications for Student Affairs Professionals (CNS 577)

According to a study conducted by the University of Wisconsin-Platteville, the five biggest causes of college stress are peer pressure, competition, separation from family, freedom, and choosing a major/career. Obviously, stress is a very common problem among college students; the obstacle is learning how to cope with the stress in a healthy manner. Stress cannot only affect an individual’s emotional well-being, but can also affect an individual’s physical well-being. Being able to recognize the difference between healthy and unhealthy stress will in turn allow the individual to realize healthy and unhealthy coping mechanisms. Another aspect of coping with stress is …

Stress In Medical Students Of Thammasat University, Winitra Nuallaong

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Objectives and Methods: This study aimed to find out stress levels and stressors as well as coping methods after stress in medical students at clinical level of Thammasat University, Thailand.

Results: 73.67% of medical students at clinical level felt stress more than normal daily level. The odds ratiowas 1.48 compared with general population. There was no difference between stress levelsamong genders and academic years. Four major stressors causing high and severe anxiety werean examination (35.70%), changing from pre-clinical to clinical year (31.30%), writing patientûsreports (22.50%), and examination grades (20.90%) respectively. Almost half of them (41.90%) wereunwilling to consult a supervisor …