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Experimental Guidelines For Evaluating The Reliability, Validity And Professional Utility Of Wisc-R Computer Based Test Interpretations (Cbti), Barry Michael Shear

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Problem. Computer Based Test Interpretations (CBTIs) of the WISC-R have experienced rapid growth, are gaining acceptance in clinical use, and have demonstrated potential benefits for psychologists. However, little published research exists on the reliability, validity and professional utility of such interpretation systems. Purpose. (1) Present guidelines to foster the evaluation of CBTIs, (2) Recommend policies and practices to assist psychologists in applying such innovative technologies and (3) Evaluate the reliability, validity and professional utility of three CBTIs for the WISC-R. Procedures. An 80 item questionnaire was designed to collect information from fifteen psychologists concerning three different CBTIs based on one …

The Effect Of Headphone Music On Exercise Compliance, Gayle Ann Laszewski

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

A study was designed to assess the effect of headphone music on running performance and enjoyment with its implications for increasing exercise compliance. A counterbalanced split-plot design was used with 18 University of the Pacific undergraduates receiving both treatment conditions: running with music and running without music. Measures included: (a) perceived enjoyment questionnaire scores; (b) running time; and (c) heart rate. It was expected that music would increase participants' rated running enjoyment, amount of time spent running, and also running intensity or heart rate, in comparison to running without music. Music significantly increased participants' rated enjoyment scores but not running …

Psychology Among The Saints: The Development Of Behavioral Science At Brigham Young University, Bruce L. Brown, Mark K. Allen

Faculty Publications

There was a strong interest in psychology at Brigham Young University at the turn of the century; the third president was a psychologist and a number of distinguished psychologists regularly visited the campus. An outstanding young scholar who was destined to become the only Mormon president of the American Psychological Association started a vigorous academic psychology program in those early years, but he left the university because of a controversy over his teachings. Psychology at Brigham Young University developed little from that time until the 1940s. The 1950s were a time of rapid growth and development, expansion of the faculty, …

Dual Pricing: Theory And Applications., Shikha Jha Dr.

Doctoral Theses

Even after thirty five yaara of planned economic develogment a large fraction of people in India cannot afford to have the basic necessities Like food, clothing and shelter. To quote from the Econonic Survey [1984-85), Buoyant agricultural parformance thus far has dependad mainly upon production gains in wheat and rice. Performance with raspect to other critical crops, such as pulser and oilseeds, and dryland farning generally, remains veak. The rate of growth of industry, although somewhat higher than in the ten years preceding the sixth Plan, remains low... population continues to grow at about 2 percent per year. At this …

A Quantitative Analysis Of Poverty, Inequality And Consumer Behaviour: The Case Of The Schedule Casts And Tribes Of Karnataka., Shailaja Raghuprasad Dr.

Doctoral Theses

The concept of growth with social justice is basic to the philosophy of development underlying Indian economic Planning. This philosophy is reflected in our former Prime Minister Mrs Indira Gandhi's foreword to the sixth Plan (1980-85) document where she wrote, Economic Growth must be balanced, it must ensure self - reliance, stability and social justice. All sections should be assured that there will be no discrimination'.It is with those weaker sections - rather a segment of them that this study is concerned, Our study is an attempt to look closely at the levels of living and the consumer behaviour of …

Otterbein Towers Spring 1987, Otterbein Towers

Towers Magazine

No abstract provided.

An Essay On The Formation And Dynamics Of The Marketed Surplus And Price Of Foodgrains., Vathsala Narasimhan Dr.

Doctoral Theses

The the sde is baadcally a methodological exploration of the field we have Celled the ti end d eted and price of foodgrains. The object ie basically to develop a framework of thought, developing alongaide the toola, concepte and methods necessary for the purpose. In doing this we keep entirely to the baaic structure of the field as ve see it, which is defined in reference to a few bare elenentary facts pertaining to our general context of reference the rest is simply abstracted from. Our whole approach 1a thus 8crictiy anRALA mothodology is oxplored within boundaries that we ourselves …

Age Differences In Cognitive Monitoring, Margaret Christine Brigham

Digitized Theses

Metacognitive knowledge regulates and directs cognitive activity. Thus, if metacognitive knowledge deteriorates with age cognitive performance as a whole will suffer. The focus of the present research was on assessing age differences in metacognitive knowledge. The cognitive tasks used were: vocabulary learning with two differentially effective learning strategies, prose recall, vocabulary defining and digit span.;On each task subjects were asked to predict their performance either before study, after study (in the case of the prose task only) or after testing. Following the model of Pressley and associates (e.g., Pressley, Ross, Levin and Ghatala, 1984) the ability to monitor ongoing cognitive …

Evidence Of Temporal Coding In A Forward Masking Task, Gregory John Fleet

Digitized Theses

The use of masking to study the auditory system's frequency selectivity characteristics has been quite extensive. From these studies, a specific model of spectral analysis has been developed that emphasizes the energy distribution across frequency. This perspective is acceptable when describing the processing of simple tones, but certainly lacking when interest is in a description of the processing of more complex stimuli. The following experiments examined the ability of sinusoidal signals to mask single- and double-frequency probes. The paradigm was similar to that used in psychophysical tuning curve studies: the masker level was adapted to just mask a low-level probe …

An Empirical Classification Of University Lecturing Styles, Denise Frances Mclean

Digitized Theses

The goal of this research was to develop and validate an empirical classification of naturally occurring teaching styles in university undergraduate lecture courses. Teaching style was described in terms of patterns of observable classroom teaching behavior.;In the first study, the classification was developed with reference to an initial sample of 298 university lecturers. Each instructor was observed by student raters, who judged the frequency of occurrence of 100 low-inference behaviours. Student ratings were averaged within classes and eight scale scores were computed. A cluster analysis identified six groups of instructors, with members of each group homogeneous in terms of their …

The Cholinergic Septohippocampal Projection And Hippocampal Activity In Waking Behavior, Sleep And Anesthesia, Dwight James Stewart

Digitized Theses

The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effects of lesions of the septohippocampal system on hippocampal rhythmical slow activity (RSA) and large amplitude irregular activity (LIA). Slow wave activity was recorded from rat hippocampus during waking behaviors and following the administration of atropine or urethane after either an intraseptal injection of ibotenic acid, an intracerebroventricular injection of ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A) or control solutions. Hippocampal activity was also investigated during quiet and active sleep following ibotenic acid or control treatment.;Ibotenic acid selectively abolished the atropine-sensitive form of RSA normally seen during tonic periods of active sleep and during …

Perceptions Of Children's Moral Reasoning, Susan Louise Bryant

Digitized Theses

Moral judgment has been a popular area of interest over the past few decades as researchers have begun to consider adults' perceptions of the moral reasoning abilities of others. The present thesis provided an extension to this previous research and considered adults' awareness of young children's moral judgment skills.;The first study examined adults' predictions of moral reasoning for different-aged children. Adults' prescriptions for advice they would offer to teach moral reasoning were also assessed at three age levels. Comparisons revealed that the adults were able to predict the moral performance of the children. Their prescriptions, however, did not reflect an …

The Relationship Of Visual-Perceptual Skills, Vision And Physical Attributes To Motion Sickness Susceptibility, Ricki Lisa Ladowsky

Digitized Theses

The purpose of this dissertation was to re-examine previously reported correlates and to identify new correlates of susceptibility to motion sickness. Susceptibility to motion sickness was measured with questionnaires in studies 1 and 2, and with both questionnaires and rotation-induced sickness in study 3.;In study 1, it was found that males who were moderately susceptible to motion sickness performed significantly worse on tests of spatial ability than those who were more susceptible or more resistant. In females there was a non-significant trend for susceptibility to increase as performance on certain tests of spatial ability increased.;Study 2 attempted to identify additional …

Life History Analysis And Individual Differences In Humans: A Test Of The Application Of An R/K Analysis, Dwight S. Mazmanian

Digitized Theses

A number of psychologists have begun to apply principles from evolutionary biology to their domains in an attempt to provide an integrated model of human behaviour. One such application, a theory based on the r/K continuum of reproductive strategies, postulates that a single heritable reproductive dimension underlies a broad range of individual differences in life histories, physiological functioning, and social behaviour (Rushton, 1985). The two experiments reported here provide a test of this theory. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine if such a reproductive dimension exists and the extent of its heritability. Numerous reproductive and other variables from a sample …

Maternal Adaptation To A Hearing-Impaired Child: A Comparison Of The Mediating And Moderating Effects Of Social Support And Personality, Alexandra Louise Quittner

Digitized Theses

The current study assessed the relationships among parenting stress, social support, marital satisfaction and psychological adjustment in a sample of 96 mothers of hearing impaired preschoolers and 118 matched mothers of nondisabled children. Two competing models of the effects of social support and specific personality variables on adjustment were tested: the "buffer" and mediator models. Respondents completed a structured interview and a series of standardized questionnaires. Factor analyses of the independent variables yielded two dimensions of parenting stress and three dimensions of social support.;Significant group differences were obtained on the measures of parenting stress, marital satisfaction and psychological adjustment. Moderating …

Target-Directed Locomotion: A Critique Of The Short-Term Memory For Spatial Locations Proposed By Thomson, Runa Elizabeth Steenhuis

Digitized Theses

This thesis presents a systematic examination of a common visuomotor behavior--locomotion directed to a target in the immediate environment.;The first part of the thesis focuses on an attempt to replicate an earlier finding of a highly accurate transitory short-term memory for target locations (Thomson, 1980, 1983). No evidence of such an accurate short-term memory was found here. The distance to the target, not the elapsed time, affected accuracy of walks with eyes closed. Delays of 2 and 4 s between viewing the target and walking did not result in a deterioration of performance. A 30 s delay did result in …

Retrieval Inhibition In Human Memory: An Extension And Evaluation Of The Sam Theory, Andrew Scott Patrick

Digitized Theses

Retrieval inhibition occurs when related information presented during the act of remembering inhibits recall performance. In the part-list cuing paradigm, subjects are presented with part of a list and asked to recall the rest of the list. A comparison with an uncued condition shows that recall is reduced by the part-list cues. This finding is important because many memory theories propose that lists of words are learned by forming associations between the words and, thus, part-list cues should allow subjects to follow these associations and increase their recall. Shiffrin's SAM (Search of Associative Memory) theory of memory retrieval provides the …

Examination Of Four Strategies For Gathering And Presenting Data On Children, Kristen Diana Muir

Whittier Scholars Program

The following paper has been written in completion of my Whittier Scholar Senior Project. This project has included the completion of defined objectives as well as the write-up of the project in its entirety. The objectives performed were defined according to my interest in children and in becoming becoming a Child and Family Clinical Psychologist. The final written evidence of this project’s completion was organized in a form appropriate for the audience this project hopes to inform. Two of the important areas involved in being a good clinical psychologist are understanding behavior from a theoretical perspective and being a competent …

The Influence Of Misleading Postevent Information On Item Recognition, Robert F. Belli

Doctoral Dissertations

This investigation has sought to evaluate two disputed issues regarding experimental research on the influence of misleading postevent information on the remembering of originally experienced event information: (1) whether misinformation leads to memory impairment, and (2) whether experimental findings are generalizable to real world eyewitnesses.

Subjects were shown four critical event items in a series of slides. Afterward, all subjects were misinformed (misled condition) that for two of the event items, other items had appeared. No misinformation (control condition) was provided for the remaining two event items. Subjects made separate yes/no verbal recognitions on the original appearance of event items …

The Lateralization Of The Word Frequency Effect, David Alan Bozak

Doctoral Dissertations

Two lexical decision experiments were performed to investigate the lateralization of the word frequency effect and the interaction with word class. Positive results would support proposals of multiple lexicons in lexical retrieval models. The first was a small-n experiment varying visual angle of presentation, signal to noise ratios, visual field and word class (noun/verb) while using high frequency word and nonword items. The purpose of this experiment was to document the sensitivity of observers to material presented varying distances from a central fixation point while replicating previous research results of a word class by visual field interaction. The second experiment …

Sources Of Stress In Middle Childhood: Child And Parent Perspectives, Maryann Collins Corsello

Doctoral Dissertations

Much of the literature on childhood stress is based on adult assumptions of what is stressful to children. Rarely are young children solicited for their perspective. The present study addressed the following two issues in the assessment of childhood stress: (1) Can young children give reliable and valid appraisals of potentially stressful situations? (2) Do these appraisals differ systematically from those made by parents for their children?

In small group discussions, children in grades 1 through 4 (N = 62) provided information on sources of stress and pictures of a "nervous" person. The child-provided stressors and the drawings formed the …

Democracy And Education At The Barnes Foundation, Margaret Hess Johnson

Journal of Social Theory in Art Education

Through the foundation that bears his name, Albert C. Barnes put into practice John Dewey's notions of education, democracy, and scientific method. A description of the egalitarian and empirical aspects of the institution known as The Barnes Foundation confirms the instrumental function of art for education. The Barnes Foundation served as a learning laboratory rather than as a museum of art; in this manner works of art served an instrumental function through indicating Deweyan theory about democracy and education.

Influences Of Intimacy, Gender, And Sex-Role Identity On Marital Adjustment Of Functioning And Dysfunctioning Dual-Career Couples, Glenda Frances Stockwell

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was designed to examine the influences of intimacy, gender, and sex-role identity on marital functioning of dual-career couples. The purpose was to determine which aspects of intimacy and sex-role identity were the best predictors of marital adjustment. Also of interest was a description of how the adequately functioning dual-career couples differed on total intimacy, compatibility, conflict resolution, identity, sex, cohesion, affection, expressiveness, autonomy, androgyny, masculinity, and femininity. Additionally, possible gender differences on each of these variables were investigated. The sample for the study consisted of 60 couples who volunteered to participate. They were between the ages of 27 …

Risk Taking, Impulsiveness, And The Age-Crime Relationship, M Elizabeth Copeland-Teschner

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The study's purpose was to determine the influence of risk-taking and impulsiveness on criminal behavior, the factors' relationship to each other and their relationship, to age. It was hoped that the data would help explain the phenomenon of criminal burnout. Subjects were three groups of males aged 18 to 44, classed by their criminal history. Group One was 83 prisoners; group two, 53 subjects who had never been arrested; group three, 28 who had been arrested or incarcerated in the past, but who were not incarcerated at this time (the "erstwhile" group). Measures utilized were the Self-control (Sc) scale from …

The Effects Of Ratee Job Experience, Performance Variability, And Rater Cognitive Complexity On Performance Rating Accuracy., Frank Allen Adair

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Research indicates that ratee job experience and performance variability can affect performance judgments and causal attributions (Leventhal et al., 1977; Fusilier & Hitt, 1983; Scott & Hammer, 1975). When prototype expectations concerning ratee characteristics are not met, raters reacting to the cognitive inconsistency may distort ratee performance information (DeNisi, Cafferty, & Meglino, 1984). Because cognitively complex raters view behavior in a multidimensional manner (Schneier, 1977), not through a simplified schemata, cognitive complexity's possible effect on rating accuracy under cognitively inconsistent conditions was investigated. In an initial pilot study, 147 undergraduate volunteers rated the expected performance variability of a professor with …

Managerial Reward Allocations: A Test Of Freedman And Montanari's Model., Jeanne Michele Russell

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A part of Freedman and Montanari's (1980) managerial reward allocation model was examined in the present study. The hypotheses focused on two categories of antecedent variables, organizational and managerial, and on the dependent variable of choice of mode of reward allocation. They were tested utilizing questionnaire data collected from 155 managers in eleven financial institutions. The only hypothesis that was confirmed related managerial pay increase goals to the choice of reward allocation mode. In order to test the relative importance of different managerial and organizational variables in determining the mode of reward allocation mode, stepwise regression analyses were performed for …

An Investigation Of Potential Sources Of Bias In Self-Report Job Analysis Data., Donald Martin Truxillo

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The present research was an exploratory laboratory and field investigation of possible sources of bias in self-report job analysis data. Because of the similarity between task perceptions and job analysis data, the research into task perceptions was used as a starting point for the present study. In the laboratory study, 129 undergraduate psychology students were asked in Session 1 to complete measures of field independence, mental ability, intrinsic work orientation, and self-esteem. In Session 2, subjects were assigned to either a clerical or manufacturing task in which student confederates expressed either positive or negative cues about the task. Subjects then …

Physiological Abnormalities Related To Bulimic Behaviors And Physical Symptoms: Toward A Biobehavioral Analysis., Lisa Dee Hinz

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Bulimia is an eating disorder characterized by secretive binge-eating and abnormal weight-control practices such as self-induced vomiting, and laxative abuse. To date, investigations of physiological abnormalities accompanying bulimia are recent, few in number, and descriptive in nature. Commonly reported physiological abnormalities have included: increased serum bicarbonate, usually in combination with decreased serum chloride; decreased serum potassium; and decreased hematocrit. Two correlations have provided preliminary evidence that bulimic behaviors are associated with physiological abnormalities. The present investigation attempted to describe more fully the relationships among bulimic behaviors, physiological abnormalities, and physical symptoms. Three separate models, representing different physiological systems: (1) potassium; …

Interdependent Group-Oriented Contingencies: Effects Upon Collateral Behaviors., Verdi Rountree Lethermon

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Two interdependent group-oriented contingency (g-o-c) systems to improve academic behavior were compared to a no treatment control group. Additionally, the two interdependent group-oriented contingency systems were compared to each other regarding their effects on several collateral behaviors (classroom behavior, social interactions and peer sociometric ratings). Six fourth and fifth grade classes (126 students) were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions. The first treatment group (positive g-o-c) was an interdependent group-oriented contingency system which reinforced overall science performance at or better than a level of 90%. The second treatment group (negative g-o-c) was also an interdependent group-oriented contingency system which discouraged …

Marital Relationships And Conflict Resolution Skills Of Bulimics., Dorothy Jo Van Buren

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Bulimia is an eating disorder characterized by episodic binge eating and other related symptomatology. Previous research suggests that bulimics experience interpersonal problems particularly in the areas of conflict resolution and in their satisfaction with their roles within their families and marriages. The present study compared 12 bulimic couples to 14 maritally distressed couples and 15 normal control couples on measures of relationship satisfaction, conflict resolution styles, and beliefs about intimate relationships. In addition, couples' communication styles were analyzed based on their participation in an analogue conflict situation. Results of this study provided support for the contention that bulimics experience dissatisfaction …