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The Relation Between Mood And The Relative Accessibility Of Affectively Latent Cognitive Structures: Testing The Mood-Congruent Priming Hypothesis, Linda Jean Pertsch Jan 1991

The Relation Between Mood And The Relative Accessibility Of Affectively Latent Cognitive Structures: Testing The Mood-Congruent Priming Hypothesis, Linda Jean Pertsch

Doctoral Dissertations

According to the network model of mood and memory (Bower, 1981), information that is congruent with present mood should be primed and therefore more accessible than incongruent information. The following series of studies investigated this hypothesis and addressed several secondary predictions concerning the conditions under which mood-congruent priming effects occur. Using naming time as a measure of accessibility, Study 1 tested the mood-congruent priming hypothesis by assessing the relation between natural occurring mood and relative accessibility of positive versus negative adjectives and nouns. In addition to replicating Study 1, Study 2 tested an affect-specific version of the mood-congruent priming hypothesis …

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The Effect Of Objective Self-Awareness On Judgments Of Noncontingent Act-Outcome Relations, Jeffrey Lynn Metzger Jan 1991

The Effect Of Objective Self-Awareness On Judgments Of Noncontingent Act-Outcome Relations, Jeffrey Lynn Metzger

Doctoral Dissertations

Female college students' perceptions of control over outcomes were examined in a high outcome, noncontingent, bivariate, act-outcome task. Logit regression revealed that the odds of judging low control and the odds of judging no relation increased when subjects performed the task in the presence of self-focusing stimuli. When subjects performed the task in front of a mirror, or in the presence of a video camera or an observer, the odds of judging low control increased by a factor of 2.57, 2.74, and 2.74 respectively. Subjects in the mirror, camera, and observer conditions also judged "no relation" between actions and outcomes …

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Neuropathology And Behavioral Impairments Following Pyrithiamine-Induced Thiamine Deficiency: Protective Effects Of Glutamate Antagonist Mk-801, John Kenneth Robinson Jan 1991

Neuropathology And Behavioral Impairments Following Pyrithiamine-Induced Thiamine Deficiency: Protective Effects Of Glutamate Antagonist Mk-801, John Kenneth Robinson

Doctoral Dissertations

Thirty-six male rats were extensively pretrained on a spatial delayed non-matching to sample (DNMTS) task at 0 sec, 3 sec, 4.5 sec, and 6 sec retention intervals. They were matched by performance and assigned to one of four treatment groups: pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD), pair-fed control, pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency plus injections of glutamate antagonist MK-801 (PTD + MK-801), or pair-feeding and MK-801 injections. After 16 days of treatment and three weeks recovery, subjects were tested again on nonmatching to sample. Performance was initially assessed at a 3-sec delay for 400 trials, and then memory delay was varied for 100 trials …

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Motivational And Cognitive Components Of Self-Presentation In Humor And Embarrassment: A Multi-Measure Approach, Mae Lynn Neyhart Jan 1991

Motivational And Cognitive Components Of Self-Presentation In Humor And Embarrassment: A Multi-Measure Approach, Mae Lynn Neyhart

Doctoral Dissertations

Different methodological approaches were taken to explore the role of situational variables and personality factors that measure the motivational component of self presentation on degree of subjects' reported feelings of threat and their response time to complete self-directed humorous or embarrassing situations. In Study 1 a questionnaire approach was utilized and qualitative as well as quantitative data was analyzed. Specifically, humorous and embarrassing situations that male and female subjects provided were compared. Relations were found between personality measures and reported degree of threat. Study 2 included a response time measure and number of times a subject made another person the …

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Values And Preventive Health Behavior: Assessment Using The Rokeach Value Survey, Response Time, And Certainty Ratings, Robert Wayne Blodgett Jan 1991

Values And Preventive Health Behavior: Assessment Using The Rokeach Value Survey, Response Time, And Certainty Ratings, Robert Wayne Blodgett

Doctoral Dissertations

The relation between the value college students place on health and their self-reported preventive health behavior was examined within the context of Rokeach's (1973) value system. Two broad categories of values having opposite relations with preventive health behavior were identified. Of particular interest was whether decision times and degrees of certainty regarding the importance of health, relative to other values, would facilitate the prediction of preventive health behavior scores. Knowledge of ordinal distance from health enhanced prediction, but only for certain values. Composite scores incorporating response times and certainty ratings with ordinal distance from health, however, did not improve predictions …

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Discriminating Borderline Personality Disorder (Bpd) From Major Depression And Refining Diagnostic Criteria For Bpd., Betty Susan Head Jan 1991

Discriminating Borderline Personality Disorder (Bpd) From Major Depression And Refining Diagnostic Criteria For Bpd., Betty Susan Head

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Investigators have sought to clarify the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) category by comparing it with other personality disorders (e.g., Clarkin, Widiger, Frances, Hurt, & Gilmore, 1983; Zanarini, Gunderson, Grankenburg, & Chauncey, 1990), schizophrenia (see review by Siever & Gunderson, 1978), and major depression (see review by Gunderson & Phillips, 1991). The current study investigated the discriminative validity of the DSM-III-R (American Psychiatric Association, 1987) borderline criteria and qualitative differences in depression between borderlines (BPD) and patients diagnosed with major depressive episode (MDE). The 100 subjects were inpatients (n = 94) and outpatients (n = 6), assigned to one of three …

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Implicit Vs Explicit Mood Congruent Memory Bias In Depression., Philip Charles Watkins Jan 1991

Implicit Vs Explicit Mood Congruent Memory Bias In Depression., Philip Charles Watkins

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Mood congruent memory (MCM) in depressed individuals, tends to be biased toward memories consistent with their mood, i.e. negative or unpleasant memories. Although MCM is a robust finding, the large majority of studies have used free-recall paradigms, and that methodology does little to delineate the cognitive mechanisms determining MCM. This study was designed to investigate whether MCM bias is a function of implicit or explicit memory. Implicit memory is taken as a measure of the organization or strength of association of the aspects of a memory representation, whereas explicit memory also taps elaboration that may involve control procedures such as …

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A Syntactic Language Computer Analysis Of Depressed Versus Non-Depressed Females., Daniel Merton Christy Jan 1991

A Syntactic Language Computer Analysis Of Depressed Versus Non-Depressed Females., Daniel Merton Christy

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This study sought to examine the interrelationship of cognition and language in the clinical syndrome of depression. It was proposed that the types of cognitive differences in depression proposed by Beck and other cognitive theorists would be reflected in language usage, and especially in syntax. Using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), subjects were classified as either depressed (BDI $\geq$ 16) or non-depressed (BDI $\leq$ 4). Subjects were asked to speak into a tape recorder for 3-5 minutes on each of three stimuli, a positive event, a negative event, and a neutral opinion stimulus. The language samples were then analyzed using …

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Supervisor Characteristics Affecting Subordinates' Perceptions And Reactions To The Performance Appraisal Interview., Jeffrey Staron Rain Jan 1991

Supervisor Characteristics Affecting Subordinates' Perceptions And Reactions To The Performance Appraisal Interview., Jeffrey Staron Rain

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Supervisor inputs (preparation, appraisal-related knowledge, and attitudes toward the appraisal system) into the performance appraisal interview were examined, using a questionnaire, for relationships to subordinate perceptions of the supervisor's appraisal interview actions (developmental and administrative). Subordinate reaction to the appraisal interview was also assessed. Eighty-nine subordinate/supervisor pairs were randomly assigned to one of three experimental preparation conditions (Example, Improve, Control). All subjects then completed the questionnaires. The results of the experimental component indicated that supervisors who generated specific performance weakness and strength examples (Improve condition) were perceived by subordinates as engaging in significantly greater developmental behaviors than in the Control …

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The Relation Between Categorization And Recognition In Ill-Defined Categories., Jeung-Ryeul Cho Jan 1991

The Relation Between Categorization And Recognition In Ill-Defined Categories., Jeung-Ryeul Cho

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This study investigated the relation between recognition and categorization and examined learning processes associated with categorization of ill-defined concepts. Three experiments were conducted, in which recognition and categorization data were simultaneously collected (Estes, 1986b). Stimuli were bar charts and letter strings that simulated symptom patterns. Category structures were defined by independent features in Experiment 1 and correlated features in Experiments 2 and 3. Three different models of categorization, exemplar models, rule models, and dual process models, were contrasted in predicting recognition and categorization performances and the learning processes used to categorize. Across the three experiments, recognition and categorization were often …

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Problem Behaviors Associated With Sociometric Status In An Adolescent Population., Glenda C. Thorne Jan 1991

Problem Behaviors Associated With Sociometric Status In An Adolescent Population., Glenda C. Thorne

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of the classification system developed by Coie and his colleagues (1982) with an adolescent population by examining the relationship between sociometric status and psychopathology. Five hundred thirty-one seventh- through ninth-grade students participated in the study. Following the Coie et al. (1982) procedure, children were identified as either popular, rejected, neglected, controversial, or average. The basis for status group membership was scores adolescents received on positive and negative peer nominations. Four social status variables were derived from these measures: (a) liked most peer nomination scores, (b) liked least peer nomination …

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Development And Evaluation Of A New Scale To Measure Motivation, Clive Thacker Jan 1991

Development And Evaluation Of A New Scale To Measure Motivation, Clive Thacker

School of Psychology Theses

This programme of research was undertaken with the aim of using psychometric techniques to develop and evaluate a new scale to measure motivation. An initial hypothesis was stated, proposing that five related factors could be used to describe individual differences in certain motivational determinants. These factors are Goal Coherence, Strength of Will, Planning, Perseverance, and Self Evaluation. A questionnaire was constructed, and versions administered to 813 subjects over 5 studies. The resultant data were subjected to maximum likelihood factoring, and the solutions rotated obliquely. Results from each study led to successive refinements of the questionnaire, and an eventual rejection of …

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Grace Under Stress: Does The Ministry Of Encouragement Directed At The Means Of Grace Transform Stress?, Richard Dorsey Murdoch Jan 1991

Grace Under Stress: Does The Ministry Of Encouragement Directed At The Means Of Grace Transform Stress?, Richard Dorsey Murdoch

ATS Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Counselor-Trainees' Mood-States On Counselor-Trainees' Affective State Empathy, Marguerite Clare Wyman Jan 1991

The Effect Of Counselor-Trainees' Mood-States On Counselor-Trainees' Affective State Empathy, Marguerite Clare Wyman

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This analogue study was an investigation of the effects of counselor-trainee mood-state upon counselor-trainee affective empathy and attribution of emotion. The sample consisted of 89 master's and doctoral level counselors-in-training enrolled in counselor-education programs at two midwestern universities. Students randomly participated in one of two mood-treatment conditions: Elated or Depressed. Moods were induced with the Velten Mood Induction task. Dependent variables of affective empathy and attribution of emotion were measured by the Affective Sensitivity Scale, Form E-80. Five research hypotheses were analyzed by five one-way analyses of variance. None of the research hypotheses (p $<$.05) yielded significant differences across conditions of mood-state. In a post hoc analysis, a significant difference between master's and doctoral level counselors-in-training was observed for the dependent variable of affective empathy. It was concluded that there do not appear to be relationships between (a) counselor mood-state and counselor affective empathy, or (b) counselor mood-state and counselor attribution of emotion. Implications for practice and further research are discussed.

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The Effectiveness Of Stress Inoculation Training On Asymptomatic Children's Stress Response, Ellen Bischoff Jan 1991

The Effectiveness Of Stress Inoculation Training On Asymptomatic Children's Stress Response, Ellen Bischoff

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stress inoculation training on asymptomatic children, to examine gender differences in responding to the training, and to investigate gender differences in levels of stress response under nonstress-induced conditions. The variables under investigation were psychological stress response, physiological stress response, and behavioral stress response. The sample consisted of 54 fifth and sixth grade students who were identified as experiencing a high level of stress response. Twenty-four students completed the treatment and posttest measures and 30 were assigned to a wait-list control group. Within the structure provided by stress inoculation training, …

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The Development Of Trust For Best Friend Versus Other Friend In Childhood And Adolescent Relationship, Eileen Molzen Dec 1990

The Development Of Trust For Best Friend Versus Other Friend In Childhood And Adolescent Relationship, Eileen Molzen

Student Work

Trust as experienced in childhood and adolescent bestfriend and other friend dyads was examined with respect to age differences, sex differences, and differences inperspective taking. A sample of 109 students in grade levels 4 (9-10 years; N =27), 6 (11-12 years; N = 29), 8 (13-14years; N = 25), and 10 (15-16 years; N = 28), were selected to provide for a cross-section of school age youth. Age and gender differences for trust in regard to the dyadic relationships were investigated using a modified version of Sharabany's Intimacy Scale, and a modified version of the Prisoner's Dilemma Game; the latter …

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Individual Differences In Trust In Friendships Of Children And Adolescents With Their Best Versus Other Friend, M. Susan Flanagan Snyder Dec 1990

Individual Differences In Trust In Friendships Of Children And Adolescents With Their Best Versus Other Friend, M. Susan Flanagan Snyder

Student Work

This study was concerned with the investigation of gender and psychological types (Extravert-Introvert, Sensation-Intuition, Thinking-Feeling, and Judging- Perceiving) in the application of trust of friendships of children and adolescents in reference to their 'best' and another one friend. The psychological types were determined by the Murphy-Meisgeier Type Indicator for Children (grades 4, 6, and 8) and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator form G (grade 10). The two measures of trust were a modified version of Sharabany Intimacy Scale (Sharabany, 1974), which consisted of a questionnaire of descriptive sentences about friendship, and a measure based on the Prisoner’s Dilemma, consisting of four …

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Adolescent Suicide: A Study Of Prediction Variables, Julie M. Ohlund Dec 1990

Adolescent Suicide: A Study Of Prediction Variables, Julie M. Ohlund

Student Work

The purpose of the current study was to examine data to determine if "common demoninators" could define predictor variables for risk assessment of adolescent suicide. The aim of this project was to offer comparisons among hospitalized adolescent suicide "attempters" and "non-attempters", and outpatient adolescent suicide "attempters" and "non-attempters". The data was then compared with data from non-hospitalized adolescents nationally. The study was designed as a systematic investigation of archival data. The data was taken from hospital records including interview forms and psychological evaluations. The subject sample was randomly selected from a larger inpatient/outpatient population. Subjects ranged in age from 12 …

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Umm To You: Fall 1990, University Of Minnesota, Morris Alumni Association Oct 1990

Umm To You: Fall 1990, University Of Minnesota, Morris Alumni Association

UMM to You (1987-1996)

Contents Include: Board of Regents Approves Bid Letting for UMM Student Center -- Homecoming Weekend October 26-28 Offers Variety of Alumni Activities -- From the President's Desk: Julie Bergh ('80) -- Alumna Named Assistant Registrar at UMM -- UMM Selected by Peterson's Guide for Fourth Year -- Imholte Celebration Available on Tape -- Class Notes -- Chancellor's Choice: Jack Imholte's Second farewell Column -- Alumna Named New Development Director -- Dr. C. Frederick Farrell Reappointed Chair of Humanities Division -- Reunions 1990 October 26-28 UMM -- Demos to Exchange Places with Australian Professor -- Klinger Publishes "Daydreams" and Receives Outstanding …

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The Communicator - Vol.3 No. 1 - Fall, 1990, Nova University Oct 1990

The Communicator - Vol.3 No. 1 - Fall, 1990, Nova University

The Communicator

No abstract provided.

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Women's Programs Fall 1990, Women's Studies Oct 1990

Women's Programs Fall 1990, Women's Studies

Looking Back, Looking Forward

Fall 1990 calendar of Women's Programs with descriptions and photos. Events: Marci McCaulay, Psychologist: "So You've Taken Care of Everybody Else - Now What About You?"; WOMEN'S HEALTH FAIR; CHARLENE JENDRY, Gorilla Expert, Columbus Zoo: "Free-Ranging and Captive Gorillas"; WOMEN'S VOICES; KATHLEEN SMITH, Public Health Veterinarian, Ohio Department of Health: "Rabies"; AIDS AWARENESS WEEK/THE NAMES PROJECT QUILT; ADVOCATE COUNSELOR TRAINING; Presentation of the Grace Lyon Alumnae Award; PAM CLAAR, RESEARCHER: "The Coyote in Ohio"; MARCIA ANN GILLESPIE: Sexism and Racism"; DR. TERESA HORTON, Kent State University^ "Maternal Transfer of Photoperiodic Information to the Fetus: Seasonal Adaptations"; PLAY: "The Miss Firecracker …

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Sanctions And Rewards In The Legal System: A Multidisciplinary Approach, A Wr Carrothers Oct 1990

Sanctions And Rewards In The Legal System: A Multidisciplinary Approach, A Wr Carrothers

Dalhousie Law Journal

This book consists of ten essays on the general theme of effective techniques for controlling and regulating social behaviour. The authors draw on the disciplines of management studies, history and criminology, public policy studies and economics, psychology, anthropology, law, sociology, and political science. They are, collectively, a modern manifestation of Roscoe Pound's concept of law in action as "social engineering".

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A Modest Proposal: A Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege For West Virginia, Franklin D. Cleckley Sep 1990

A Modest Proposal: A Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege For West Virginia, Franklin D. Cleckley

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Relationship Between Typical And Maximum Performance Across Levels Of Job Complexity, Ken Jordan Aug 1990

The Relationship Between Typical And Maximum Performance Across Levels Of Job Complexity, Ken Jordan

Student Work

Previous research by Sackett, Zedeck, and Fogli (1988) found that measures of typical and maximum work performance correlate .36. The present study expands upon this performance distinction by examining differences in maximum and typical performance of 69 tele-services representatives across three levels of job complexity. Computerized performance data were collected for each subject, grouped according to job complexity, and analyzed using a repeated measures design. Results showed that the overall interaction between complexity and typical/maximum performance was not significant, but the correlation of subjects' performance across all levels of complexity was moderately high, with performance measures showing significant improvement in …

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Sociometric Status Of Preschool Children: The Role Of Play Behaviors, Verbalizations, And Physical Attractiveness., Kathleen Marie Bird Aug 1990

Sociometric Status Of Preschool Children: The Role Of Play Behaviors, Verbalizations, And Physical Attractiveness., Kathleen Marie Bird

Student Work

Physical attractiveness, play behavior, and the outcomes of peer interaction, as they relate to sociometric status, were the focus of this study. Children ages 4 and 5 years, who were enrolled in a summer preschool program, were the subjects of the study. Each child was observed for 10 minutes each week over a period of 10 weeks by two independent observers who coded 16 behavioral codes, 6 verbal codes, and responses of interacting peers. A sociometric procedure was used to assign children to popular, average, neglected, and rejected peer status groups. Data analysis revealed status, age, and sex differences in …

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The Relationship Of Personality Type To Leader Style And Perceived Effectiveness Among Dental Hygiene School Administrators, Susan J. Willette May 1990

The Relationship Of Personality Type To Leader Style And Perceived Effectiveness Among Dental Hygiene School Administrators, Susan J. Willette

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to identify personality types among dental hygiene school administrators and faculty and to determine if correlations existed between leader style, ideologies of leader style, perceived effectiveness, and personality type. Selected demographic variables were also examined. The dimensions of personality investigated were derived from the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: extroversion, introversion, sensing, intuition, thinking, feeling, judging, and perceiving. The leadership behavior dimensions were the two dimensions of the real and ideal Leadership Behavior Description Questionnaires: consideration and initiating structure. Effectiveness was measured by a 39 item Likert-type instrument based on Tucker's (1981) categorical listing of chairperson …

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Subliminal Perception And The First Amendment: Yelling Fire In A Crowded Mind?, Scot Silverglate May 1990

Subliminal Perception And The First Amendment: Yelling Fire In A Crowded Mind?, Scot Silverglate

University of Miami Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Sentence Priminq Effects On The Processinq Of Ambiguous Words., Merilee A. Krueger May 1990

Sentence Priminq Effects On The Processinq Of Ambiguous Words., Merilee A. Krueger

Student Work

Sentence context effects for ambiguous words were investigated in a repetition format. Subjects read sentences which presented homographs in either a dominant or subordinate context and were asked to decide if these sentences made sense. On a later trial, the homograph appeared in another sentence either in the same or different context. The sentences were separated by O, 1, or 6 intervening sentences. Control sentences were also constructed in which the homograph was replaced with a word which made sense within the context of the sentence. The results showed that subjects were able to read a sentence faster when it …

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Language Development And Day-Care Experience, Amy C. Elofson May 1990

Language Development And Day-Care Experience, Amy C. Elofson

Student Work

The effect of day care on children's development is widely debated. The purpose of this study was to complement and extend the knowledge of variables moderating children's language development in day care. Forty-one 30- to 36-month-old children, with varying amounts of experience in day care, were given a standardized language test. Stepwise regression analyses indicated receptive language was predicted by age of entry, chronological age, and the educational level of the parents. Expressive language was predicted by age of entry and parent's rating of the language environment of the day care center. These findings suggest that early entry into day …

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Measures Of Source Credibility Of Male And Female Counterparts Of A Traditionally Sex-Typed Job, Joy Scott Apr 1990

Measures Of Source Credibility Of Male And Female Counterparts Of A Traditionally Sex-Typed Job, Joy Scott

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to determine what, if any, perceived differences in source credibility may exist between male and female counterparts of traditionally sex-typed occupations. The traditionally male job used in this study was that of commerical airline pilot. The occupation of airline flight attendant airline pilot. The occupation of airline flight attendant was used for the traditionally female job. Particular attention was paid to the nontraditional groups of female pilots and male flight attendants.

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