Digital Commons Network^™

Comparing Assessment Measures With Spanish And English Speaking Children, Katrina M. Gill-Glover

Student Work

Practitioners who serve all children are required to administer an accurate comprehensive evaluation of skills in a variety of domains, provide functional information that is easily translated into interventions, and use data to monitor progress. Because of the language and task demands of most standardized cognitive tests, an inappropriate measure of a child's ability may result. Therefore, the need for a linguistically non-biased cognitive measures for early childhood children is necessary. One particular assessment that is proposed is the Play Assessment of Cognitive Skills Scale (PACSS), a functional assessment technique used to determine a child's current level of cognitive functioning …

Effects Of Bilingualism On Cognitive Processing In Adults., Christy J. Witt

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The primary objective of this dissertation was to empirically test the implications of the code-switching hypothesis (Peal & Lambert, 1962) for nonlinguistic cognitive abilities in bilingual adults. It was hypothesized that bilinguals, by virtue of their ability to switching between two linguistic systems, may enjoy cognitive advantages in the nonlinguistic domain for tasks that require abilities related to language switching. It was postulated that the underlying mechanisms of code switching are the bilingual's abilities to inhibit the processing of irrelevant information and activate previously suppressed information. To determine if a bilingual advantage exists for these abilities, bilingual and monolingual adults …

Prejudice And Racism: Challenges And Progress In Measurement, Alan W. Burkard, Barbara R. Medler, Michael Allen Boticki

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

The intent of this chapter is to review three categories of prejudice measures that practitioners and researchers can use in practice or research. Given that a recent comprehensive review of self-report racial prejudice measures was completed by Biernat and Crandall (1999), this chapter focuses on new developments in self-report measures of racial and anti-gay prejudice. Anti -gay prejudice is an important clinical and research area, and to date, only a few critical reviews of instruments measuring negative attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women have appeared in the literature (Herek, 1994; O'Donohue & Caselles, 1993; Schwanberg, 1993). Emerging prejudice measurement …

Children's Production Of Locative Expressions In English : The Influence Of Geometric And Extra-Geometric Factors, Lynn Valerie Richards

School of Psychology Theses

The research in this thesis examines the influence that both geometric and extrageometric factors have on children's spatial language production. Over the years it has widely been assumed that spatial prepositions identif' where objects are in the world (geometric factors) and that this is reflected in the semantic representations of these words. More recently, researchers investigating the lexical semantics of spatial prepositions have begun to question this assumption by demonstrating that what objects are and how they are interacting can also affect the way we describe where they are in the world (extra-geometric factors). Following on from research conducted with …

The Effect Of Prime Word Processing On The Semantic Priming Effect., Satomi Imai

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

In three experiments the effect of ease of prime word access on semantic priming was investigated. Ease of prime access was manipulated by prime word frequency, by prime degradation, and by prime repetition. Primes accessed faster (high frequency prime words, repeated primes) should produce larger priming than those accessed more slowly (low frequency prime words, degraded prime words). The time course of priming was also examined by comparing a 150 ms SOA to a 500 ms. The results partially supported the hypothesis. There was a prime word frequency effect on priming in both short and long SOA conditions. High frequency …

A Comparison Of Early Childhood Recollections Of Repetitive Self -Mutilators And Non-Self-Mutilators In A State Prison Population, Elena V. Merenova

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The psychological disorder of repetitive self-mutilation represents a significant clinical problem. In spite of the growing interest in this problem, insufficiency of information does not allow listing self-mutilation as a separate disorder in DSM-IV. The present research was aimed to add to an understanding the phenomenon of self-mutilating behavior from the point of view of Adler's individualPsychology. The early childhood recollections (ERs) of 32 self-mutilators (SM) drawn from the population of the Wabash Valley Correctional Facility (WVCF) were compared to the ERs of 37 non self-mutilators (NSM) drawn from the same population. The participants completed the Demographic Questionnaire and the …

A Cross Culture Comparison Of Learning Styles, Yamit Massachi

Theses

This study examined differences in learning styles between African-American and Caucasian students while also taking into consideration students' gender. Students in grade 9th through 12th grade completed the Silver-Hanson Learning Preference Inventory (Hanson, Silver & Gulkus, 1984). This inventory is a 125-item questionnaire, which assesses students' preferences for different learning conditions, modes, and areas of interest. The sample included the results of the Learning Style inventory obtained from 95 African-American students and 95 Caucasian-Students. This study found that there is substantial evidence that gender has an affect on learning style. However, this study found marginal evidence that ethnicity affects learning …

Similarity Based Approximate Reasoning., Swapan Raha Dr.

Doctoral Theses

Many years of research in Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Science and allied area reveal that the cognitive process of human reasoning deals with imprecise premises. As cognitive process of human reasoning is mainly concerned with the individual's perception, it is liable to be imprecise in nature. Precise traditional two-valued logic and/or multi-valued logics are not effective in handling such reasoning processes. This motivated Zadeh (109) to investigate how these impreciseness in human rea- soning could be modeled through some computable entities. In this regard, Zadeh has shown how such imprecise linguistic terms could be expressed through fuzzy sets over universes of …

Person-Job Fit And Person-Organization Fit As Components Of Job Seeking, Carrie Anne Rodgers

Theses Digitization Project

Job seekers have often made job choices based upon the degree to which they fit the tasks requirements of the job. This concept is referred to as person-job (P-J) fit. In addition, research has suggested that job seekers self-select organizations to work for based upon the perceived fit between themselves and the organization. This concept is referred to as person-organization (P-O) fit.

The Appeal Of Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Shirley S. Abrahamson

Seattle University Law Review

If therapeutic jurisprudence is so good, its applicability should not be limited to the trial courts. This Article offers some examples of how appellate courts can join the trial courts in applying therapeutic jurisprudence, but it also raises some concerns.

The Effects Of Use Of A Metacognitive Strategy On The Language Anxiety Of Missionaries At The Missionary Training Center, Laura Millet Bichon

Theses and Dissertations

Language anxiety is a form of anxiety that can negatively affect language learners by disrupting their cognitive processing, by rendering their learning experience unpleasant, and by reducing the quantity and quality of their language production. The language anxiety research contains many suggestions for anxiety reduction, one of these being the use of metacognitive language learning strategies. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a self-monitoring, metacognitive strategy called ASWE on the language anxiety levels of young male and female missionaries in the intensive language learning program at the Missionary Training Center in Provo, Utah. The ASWE …

The Ethics Of Advocacy For The Mentally Ill: Philosophic And Ethnographic Considerations, Bruce A. Arrigo, Christopher R. Williams

Seattle University Law Review

In this Article, we critically address several philosophical underpinnings of ethical decision-making that impact persons with psychiatric disorders. We focus our attention, however, upon an admittedly limited target area. Thus, we canvass a select number of significant issues that pose unique problems for humanity. The purpose of these excursions is that of reflection. In brief, we will speculatively examine: (1) the relationship between human rights and the law; (2) the relationship between mental illness and the law (i.e. the rights of the mentally ill); (3) the ethics of involuntary confinement (i.e., taking away and giving back rights to the mentally …

Effectiveness Of The Infusion Of Reading Component Model Based Remedial Reading Instruction On The Reading Achievement Of Students In Learning Disabilities And Title I Remedial Reading Programs, Sonja O'Lita Frantz

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study tested the effectiveness of the infusion of remedial reading instruction, derived from the Reading Component Model, on the reading achievement of children in learning disabilities and Title I classrooms. The Reading Component Model is based on the premise that the reading process is composed of two major components, word recognition and comprehension, and poor functioning of either component can affect reading performance. Remedial instruction based on the component model focuses and tailors instruction on the weak component. In contrast, the discrepancy model, a model that is predominant in U.S. schools, classifies students into two categories: those with …

The Public Dream: A Jungian Interpretation Of "The Waste Land", Obed Sanchez

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

A Jungian interpretation of The Waste Land was undertaken in this thesis. The symbolic underpinnings of the poem were found to resonate with archetypal significance. A comparative study of key ideas developed by C. G. Jung and T. S. Eliot was adopted in order to illuminate the psychological aspects of the poem. The theme of individuation and the archetypes which accompany it were revealed in the symbolic imagery of The Waste Land. The emotional tenor of Eliot's disposition and the philosophical direction of his thinking at the time The Waste Land was written were found to correlate with and parallel …

A Research Model Of Care-Givers And/Or Socializing Agents Explored In Terms Of Grandparenthood, Susanna Imelda Guadalupe Stephens

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

A collection of secondary (literature) information which revealed the relevant elements and conditions that surround the psychosocial aspects of family kinships were integrated to form the Kin-Psychosocial-Systems Model (KPSS). The KPSS Model is an investigative model (that includes a set of inter-related concepts, definitions, and propositions) which presents a systematic view of family kinships by specifying relationships among culture and family social systems, care-giving and socialization, and psychosocial development for the purpose of providing researchers with a means for explaining and predicting psychological and social phenomena related to the expression and enactment of family kinships.

Ideomotor Apraxia And Lesion Location: Analysis Of Error Types, Motor Function, And Task Demands., Brenda Hanna-Pladdy

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Ideomotor apraxia is a disorder of learned skilled movement which typically has been attributed to damage confined predominantly to the frontal and parietal cortical areas within the hemisphere dominant for speech. However, most studies of the anatomical basis of apraxia have relied on case studies or have only approximate lesion localization, and few studies have examined motor performance in relation to lesion location. This study examined the relationship of apraxia severity to lesion location (in both cortical/subcortical dimensions and anterior/posterior dimensions), aphasia, motor performance, and task demands, and identified the existence of subtypes of apraxia with characteristic performance profiles (error …

Acquisition Of Syntax In A Minature Artificial Language : Effects Of Input And Instruction, Penelope Ann Fowler

School of Psychology Theses

The goal of the research was to discover which type of input and instruction best facilitates the acquisition of syntax in adult learners. An artificial miniature language was used to model real second language to control precisely the type of input, conditions of exposure and instruction accompanying that input. Performance of learners under four input conditions was compared and analogies were drawn between these conditions and those experienced by adult second language learners (L2 learners). "Instructed" learners Z): like formally instructed L2 learners were systematically taught the rules of the language. "Exposure" learners saw example sentences and were asked to …

Bodies Of Law, Moira Mcconnell

Dalhousie Law Journal

"Don't judge a book by its cover" is a maxim most frequently recited to children by adults to explain the idea that one should not judge people on the basis of appearance. This maxim captures the gist of the topic explored in Alan Hyde's Bodies of Law. Bodies of Law seeks to expose the fact that we simultaneously view a person as an entity distinct from her or his physical manifestation while our understanding and response to a person is affected by our perceptions and judgments regarding their physical characteristics.

Neuro Fuzzy Reasoning For Pattern Classification And Object Recognition., Jayati Ghosh Dr.

Doctoral Theses

In real world, pattern classification and object recognition problems are faced with fuzzi- ness that is connected with diverse facets of cognitive activity of the human being. An origin of sources of fuzziness is related to labels expressed in feature space as well as to labels of classes taken into account in classification and /or recognition procedures. Though a lot of scientific efforts have already been dedicated to pattern recognition problems, especially to classification procedures, still pattern recognition is confronted with a continuous challenge coming from a human being who can perform lot of ex- tremely complex classification tasks by …

The Child Witness In Tort Cases: The Trials And Tribulations Of Representing Children, Chris A. Messerly

William Mitchell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Components Of Perceived Interpersonal Interaction, Travis Sola

McNair Scholars Journal

This paper focuses on the perception of different psychological structures which, taken together, constitute social action from the observer's perspective. Thus, action identification is conceptualized as a function of structural components (frame domain) and semantic features (semantic domain). Certain combinations of semantic features are prescriptive schemata for typical behavior. The participants were primed for prescriptive or non-prescriptive schemata, then engaged in a memory task. The memory task consisted of an acquisition phase (participants heard partial action event sentences) and a recognition phase (participants were asked to identify sentences they had heard). A higher false recognition of "new" sentences containing the …

Character Prominence And Perspective In Narrative Comprehension, Jennifer G. Halleran

Doctoral Dissertations

Current theories of narrative comprehension assume that readers attend to information about the protagonist, including his/her goals, location, and emotions. However, such a Limited view of narrative comprehension does not adequately address the complexity of text. Typically, the reader is exposed to an array of important secondary characters and their relations to the protagonist(s) in narratives. Also included in this story dynamic may be the beliefs or opinions of the secondary character(s) regarding the protagonist.

Three experiments were conducted to examine the effects of character prominence and perspective on reading comprehension for narratives. The prominence distinction between two characters, a …

The Role Of Shame In Writing: How Lived Experience Affects The Writing Process, Carol Kountz

Doctoral Dissertations

Writing fluently without disabling apprehension requires an ability to control ideas despite the occurrence of censoring thoughts or shameful sensations. Such ability is characteristically lacking in apprehensive or blocking writers, who, therefore, have difficulty in composing. To understand the psychological and social factors that impede the writing process, and to give writers and compositionists insight into the features of writing that result in "writer's block," I held conversational interviews with twenty-four people who designate themselves as apprehensive writers about their literacy experiences and writing behavior. Analysis of these interviews shows that these people, in anticipation of a real or inward, …

Fixation And Incubation Effects In Problem-Solving, Marie Theresa Hansberry

Doctoral Dissertations

In four experiments, the effects of fixation and suppression processes in problem solving ability were investigated. Previous research has shown that efficient suppression mechanisms are integral to verbal ability (e.g., Gernsbacher & Faust, 1991; Gernsbacher, Varner, & Faust, 1990; Hartman & Hasher, 1991). The present set of experiments demonstrated that such a mechanism is also a component of problem solving ability. The efficiency with which participants were able to suppress inappropriate meanings of ambiguous words was used as a measure of suppression skill. Experiment I established that participants who were able to make use of previously-presented information to solve difficult …

Adjective Acquisition: Developmental Changes In The Use Of The Shape Bias, Syntax, Shape Consistency, And Semantic Attributes., Lenore Carol Frigo

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

When learning vocabulary, children must determine the meaning of each word that they hear. In hypothesizing about word meanings, children follow certain principles that simplify vocabulary acquisition. Among these principles are several that lead children to follow a shape bias. Under the shape bias, children assume that words extend to objects that share a common shape. This shape bias is useful for learning count nouns, which often include whole-object shape as an important aspect of meaning. However, the shape bias is not useful for the development of other word classes, such as adjectives. In this study, several variables were examined …

Atmosphere Effects Revisited: The Effect Of Atmosphere On Judgments Of Validity Using Thematic Syllogisms., Roberta Elizabeth Love

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Syllogisms having conclusions consistent with atmosphere are shown to be accepted at significantly higher rates than those having conclusions inconsistent with atmosphere. Furthermore, there is strong evidence that the dual influences of quality and quantity, independently affect acceptance rates. The first experiment also indicates a main effect of gender on acceptance rates to certain invalid syllogisms (those with conclusions inconsistent with quality, or quantity, or both). The second experiment replicates the atmosphere effect found in the first experiment and extends it to valid syllogisms and indeterminate invalids consistent with both quality and quantity. It also proposes an alternative to the …

An Examination Of Automatic Versus Strategic Semantic Priming Effects In Broca's Aphasia., Janice Feagin Del Toro

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The ability to recognize words is frequently investigated using a lexical decision (LD) priming task in which subjects make rapid yes/no judgements as to whether visually presented letter strings (targets) are words or not. A well established finding is that words are recognized faster when preceded by related words. This "semantic priming effect" is believed to represent both automatic and conscious, strategic driven processes. One factor that influences the degree to which subjects recognize words automatically or consciously, is the time interval between the presentation of the prime and the presentation of the target. This is referred to as the …

Language Proficiency And Stress: Impact On Measured Intelligence And Anxiety For Latino Children, Marlene Baldizon De Naclerio

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Decentralizing Ministry Inside The Soul Of The Pastor Through Spiritual Disciplines , Edwin M. Green

ATS Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Item Clarity And Probability Of Item Endorsement On Response Latencies On Personality Test Items, James Robert Kinney

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this study, regression analysis was used to examine the affects of item clarity and probability of endorsement on response latencies of 60 undergraduates responding on personality test items from the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 Personality Factor test) (Cattell, Eber, & Tatsuoka, 1970, 5th Edition). Response latencies to personality test items, though frequently studied, have yet to be operationally utilized in the interpretation of personality tests. Forty-four items from the 16 Personality Factor test were selected. Each item from the original test was rated for clarity and matched with an emotionally neutral statement with an equivalent number of words. …