Digital Commons Network^™

Problem Set #1, David Peak

Problems

A little E&M practice

Problems 1-2 refer to: The electric field in a laser beam is given by E( x,t) = (1000V/m)sin[(πx10⁷rad/m) x + (3πx10¹⁵rad/s)t].

Problem Set #3, David Peak

Problems

Comparing classical electromagnetic waves with photon probability waves.

Problem 1 refers to: A standing electric field wave (one with lots of photons) in a quantum wire stretching between x = 0 and x = L is described by E(x,t)=E_maxsin(3πx/L)cos(3πct/L). Let L = 900 nm.

Problem Set #5, David Peak

Problems

Expectations & 1D finite wells

Problem Set #6, David Peak

Problems

3D, 1-particle systems

Problem Set #9, David Peak

Problems

Another bit of stat mech

Problems 1-3 refer to: N identical, noninteracting, and distinguishable quantum harmonic oscillators (i.e., their separation is much greater than their de Broglie wavelength) are in thermal equilibrium at temperature T. The energy of each oscillator can be expressed as ε_n = nε , where ε is the level spacing and n = 0, 1, 2, … .

Schrödinger, 1, David Peak

Schrodinger

The Schrödinger equation: the quantum description of one massive, slow-moving particle

To establish a probability wave equation for one photon, it was useful to note that probability density and electromagnetic energy density were proportional. The governing equation for EM radiation fields is the Maxwell wave equation, which is also the governing equation for photon probability wave functions. Converting from EM radiation to photon information is made plausible by identifying energy and momentum operators with time- and space-derivatives, respectively. Thus, the Maxwell wave equation can be interpreted as being equivalent to the energy-momentum relation for photons. Though we don’t have a …

Schrödinger, 3, David Peak

Schrodinger

The 3D infinite square well: quantum dots, wells, and wires

In the preceding discussion of the Schrödinger Equation the particle of interest was assumed to be “moving in the x -direction.” Of course, it is not possible for a particle to be moving in one spatial direction only. If that were true, according to the HUP it could be anywhere in the y - and z -directions and therefore be undetectable with finite volume detectors. Now, we consider the more realistic case of motion in all three spatial directions. For this purpose, we start with the 3D infinite square well. …

Schrödinger, 5, David Peak

Schrodinger

Transitions

Foundations, 2, David Peak

Foundations

The double slit experiment in dim light – photons!

Let’s imagine doing the double slit experiment again, but now in very dim light. To do so requires putting the laser, plate, and collector in a sealed, light-tight box. Inserting neutral density filters in the beam between the laser and the double slit plate decreases the intensity of the beam striking the plate. In fact, the experiment can be done at such a low intensity that a human eye will not see any light on the CCD collector; but the CCD can. Under these conditions, the number of pixels that “light …

Many-Particle Systems, 10, David Peak

Many Particles

Intrinsic semiconductors

Intrinsic semiconductors have negligible concentrations of impurity atoms. Their electrical conductivity arises primarily from electrons excited into the otherwise empty conduction band from the otherwise filled valence band—usually by absorbing sufficient energy from phonons at finite temperature. Exciting an electron into the conduction band leaves a vacant state in the valence band. An electron at lower energy in the valence band can fill this vacant state. That, in turn, makes available a possible state for yet another valence band electron to fill. In other words, the excitation of the electron provides a mobile charge in the conduction band …

Developing A Location Detector Using Acoustical Energy Quantities, Jacey Young

Student Works

In this paper, development through the use of LabVIEW for an acoustical energy quantity detector is discussed. This detector uses the quantity of sound intensity to locate the direction of a sound source in three dimensional space with relation to the center of a spherical microphone probe placed directly under a web camera. The direction and the magnitude of the sound intensity are then used to generate an arrow pointing in the direction of the sound source and position it on top the web camera's image of the surrounding area. These quantities are then also used to highlight an area …

Using Page Method In The Two Point Method To Determine Sound Power, Christopher Reynolds

Student Works

Sound power is the energy emitted by a sound source per unit time. It is commonly used by industries to determine the noise (unwanted sound) of machinery. There are multiple recognized standards for determining the sound power of a source. The requirements for the ISO3741 standard are tedious and strict but can produce a low standard of deviation in the results. There is another method, the Two Point method, which less strict than the standards but the standard of deviation in the results vary. This paper discusses the performance of the PAGE method employed in the Two Point method to …

Inverse Kinematics Proton Scattering Of P41, Benjamin R. Klybor

Physics and Astronomy Summer Fellows

We have measured the gamma-ray spectrum of P41 using proton scattering in inverse kinematics with the NSCL/Ursinus College liquid hydrogen target and the GRETINA gamma-ray tracking array. We present preliminary results, including gamma-ray intensities and branching ratios.

Shakespeare, A Supernova, And A Little Green Man Walk Into A Mathematics Classroom, Sheila Kirstin Miller

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Creativity amidst constraints is a hallmark of the STEM researcher. It is precisely what is required to see what has never been seen. It is also at the core of creative mathematics, more commonly called “research”. We in the 21^st century tell ourselves that science and story are separate enterprises. One goal of this article is to tell parts of the human story—featuring Shakespeare, Tycho Brahe, visiting stars, Little Green Men, and modern astrophysics—that might erode belief in that duality and illustrate why dissolving the artificial barriers between talents within individuals is to the benefit of ourselves, our students, …

College Of Science And Mathematics Newsletter, Summer 2017, College Of Science And Mathematics, Wright State University

College of Science and Mathematics Newsletters

This 7 page newsletter discusses various happenings within the College of Science and Mathematics. It begins with a letter from the dean, and continues on with news, events, alumni news, and other community news.

Principles Of Physics Ii Lab (Jupyter), Tatiana Krivosheev, Caroline Sheppard, Patricia Todebush, Bram Boroson, Justin Mays

Physics and Astronomy Ancillary Materials

This collection of open laboratory materials for Principles of Physics II was created under a Round Four ALG Textbook Transformation Grant. These materials require the open source Jupyter application.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Principles Of Physics I Lab (Jupyter), Tatiana Krivosheev, Caroline Sheppard, Patricia Todebush, Bram Boroson, Justin Mays

Physics and Astronomy Ancillary Materials

This collection of open laboratory materials for Principles of Physics I was created under a Round Four ALG Textbook Transformation Grant. These materials require the open source Jupyter application.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Suppression ϒ(1s), ϒ(2s), And ϒ(3s) Quarkonium States In Pbpb Collisions At √Snn = 2.76 Tev, The Cms Collaboration, M. M. Baarmand, V. Bhopatkar, S. Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, T. Roy, F. Yumiceva

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The production yields of ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) quarkonium states are measured through their decays into muon pairs in the CMS detector, in PbPb and pp collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 2.76 TeV. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of 166 μb−1 and 5.4 pb−1 for PbPb and pp collisions, respectively. Differential production cross sections are reported as functions of ϒ rapidity y up to 2.4, and transverse momentum pT up to 20 GeV/c. A strong centrality-dependent suppression is observed in PbPb relative to pp collisions, by factors of up to 2 and 8, for the …

Principles Of Physics Ii Lab (Clayton), Tatiana Krivosheev, Caroline Sheppard, Patricia Todebush, Bram Boroson, Justin Mays

Physics and Astronomy Grants Collections

This Grants Collection for Principles of Physics I was created under a Round Three ALG Textbook Transformation Grant.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Documents are in .pdf format, with a separate .docx (Word) version available for download. Each collection contains the following materials:

• Linked Syllabus
• Initial Proposal
• Final Report

Principles Of Physics I Lab (Clayton), Tatiana Krivosheev, Caroline Sheppard, Patricia Todebush, Bram Boroson, Justin Mays

Physics and Astronomy Grants Collections

This Grants Collection for Principles of Physics I was created under a Round Three ALG Textbook Transformation Grant.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Documents are in .pdf format, with a separate .docx (Word) version available for download. Each collection contains the following materials:

• Linked Syllabus
• Initial Proposal
• Final Report

Operating Temperature Of A Solar Thermal Stirling Engine, Spencer Beck

Senior Theses

This paper explores the relationship between the operating temperature and electricity production of a simple heat engine. A Stirling engine was designed and constructed which runs on solar thermal energy collected by a Fresnel lens. The surface area of the solar collector was varied. This manipulated the operating temperature of the Stirling engine in order to measure power output. The mechanical energy from the engine was converted to electricity using a DC motor running in reverse, acting like a generator, in conjunction with an Arduino for data collection. Although adjustments must be made in order to improve the efficiency of …

Thin Film Thermal Deposition At Various Pressures, James Kela Yee Keen Grace

Senior Theses

This research was to verify the hypothesis that resistivity of metal's thin film deposited in a low-pressure environment is the same as its solid material. Thermal Evaporation is a thin film deposition technique in which metal inside a vacuum is evaporated, then deposited onto a surface. Higher quality metal films are deposited when the vacuum pressure is lower. At higher pressures, more air molecules are trapped within the layers of metal, thus increasing scattering sites and increasing the resistance. However, reaching a lower pressure requires more time and effort. In this research, films were deposited at various pressures and resistivities …

Are Solar Panels A Viable Power Source For A Green Energy Vehicle?, Mason C. Adams

Senior Theses

A solar cell powered go-kart has been built and tested. The result shows using solar energy alone cannot meet the requirement of running a regular passenger car. This is due to the limited surface area of the passenger car. This thesis also discusses the operating principles of solar panels, the physics of P type and N type semiconductors, and the formation of the PN junction, as well as the solar current. Modifications of an existing go-kart are described in detail in this thesis. Suggestions for making green vehicles are discussed as well.

Observing Orbital Angular Momentum Transfer From Electron Vortex Beams To Matter, Hannah Devyldere

Senior Theses

It is possible to produce electron beams with non-zero orbital angular momentum. Such beams, known as electron vortex beams, are theoretically able to transfer their orbital angular momenta to matter, causing the matter to rotate. Nanoparticles in an aqueous solution were observed with an electron vortex beam to detect the transfer of orbital angular momentum in a low-friction environment. Observing the transfer of orbital angular momentum to particles in solution is difficult due to the necessity of imaging the particles through a liquid and the random movement of particles in the solution. Thus, orbital angular momentum transfer to matter could …

Galileo's Contribution To Mechanics, Asim Gangopadhyaya

Physics: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Asim Gangopadhyaya writes about Galileo's contributions to mechanics and physics in this chapter in Where Have All the Heavens Gone? Galileo's Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina edited by John P. McCarthy and Edmondo F. Lupieri.

Economic Religion And Religious Physics: A Comparison In Religiosity’S Impact On Women In The Sciences, Summer Perez

AWE (A Woman’s Experience)

This paper explores the historical impact of religion in creating gender paucity within the fields of economics and physics that is still present today. Starting in the Enlightenment, practical applications of physics and economics began to improve the human condition in such dramatic ways that each promised salvation through practical or scientific means. In essence, they became secular alternatives to Christianity. Acting as religions themselves, each developed doctrines and dogmas that would lead to a secular salvation. However, inherent in these doctrines was a gendered hierarchy where the rational and mathematical, gendered as masculine, was equated with the divine while …

Fullerenes In Solar Energy Cells, Fletcher G. Griffitts

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This project involves controlling and characterizing the morphology of the active layer in a special type of organic photovoltaics (OPVs), consisting of porphyrin-fullerene composites, with emphasis on electron exchange interactions between the two components. The Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package (VASP) is applied to model a variety of donor-acceptor complexes containing fullerene and porphyrin in terms of their stabilities as well as their geometric, electronic, and charge transfer features. The goal is to identify supramolecular chain structures with highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) that may serve as electron (hole) transfer channels in a photovoltaic …

Spin And Qcd Instanton & Stringy Pomeron, Yachao Qian

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

We summarize some of the works on understanding the nonperturbative effects in QCD. In the first part of the thesis, we review some aspects of spin physics where QCD instantons play an important role. In particular, their large contributions in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering and polarized proton on proton scattering. We also review their possible contribution in the P-odd pion azimuthal charge correlations in peripheral AA scattering at collider energies. The QCD vacuum is dominated by large instanton and anti-instanton fluctuations in the infrared, which are largely responsible for the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry and the anomalously large η′ mass. …

Senior High School Learning Motivation On Physics Subject, Nurmalita Sari, Widha Sunarno, Sarwanto Sarwanto

Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran

Learning motivation is students’ willingness to study that comes from within. The objective of this research was to find out Senior High School students’ learning motivation level for physics subject. The subjects of this research were 60 students from Science Class of Senior High School 5 Surakarta who were randomly selected. A questionnaire was used as an instrument to measure students’ learning motivation. The result showed that students’ learning motivation in physics subject was categorized as medium level with an average score of 20.42. The percentage for each aspect was as follows: attention (24.33%), relevance (24.98%), confidence (24.33%), and satisfaction …

Microwave Assisted Dipole-Dipole Transitions, Jacob T. Paul

Physics and Astronomy Honors Papers

We explore this two photon assisted transition through computational and numerical analysis of possible energy levels. We calculate the matrix elements of the energy transition in detail discussing constants and the quantum mechanical possibilities of energy exchanges in these systems.

The goal is to better understand the energy exchange, so that moving forward we can control it. This paper covers the theoretical ends to controlling the energy transition by the way of two photon assisted transitions. The energy transitions take place between a dipole-dipole interaction, and a microwave photon.