Digital Commons Network^™

Nutrient And Medication Intake Of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Cristina Elizabeth Hiten

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The incidence of autism continues to rise with no cure or understanding of the cause of the disorder. Approximately one in 150 children will be diagnosed with an (ASD) Autism Spectrum Disorder although recent prevalence data suggest one in 91. The objective of the study is to assess medicinal intake regarding prescription and nonprescription medications of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and its affect on their nutritional status compared to age, and sex matched healthy children. The study included families of children with autism in which they completed questionnaires and 24‐hour recalls. There were 26 children used within the questionnaire …

Project L.E.A.N.: An After-School Health And Exercise Project For Elementary School Children In El Paso, Texas, Hendrik De Heer

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: After-school activities provide valuable opportunities for health promotion activities that do not interfere with the regular school day, especially in minority populations with higher rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The current study is an evaluation of an after-school health education and physical activity program conducted in nine elementary schools in 2008 in El Paso, Texas. METHODS: The intervention consisted of a 10-12 week (twice a week) after school program consisting of a pilot (with two experimental schools) and main intervention (six schools each including a control and experimental group). The main outcome variables were Body Mass Index, …

Editorial: Nutrition Research Reviews, Katherine Younger

Articles

Cognitive performance in children and whether this can be improved by nutritional means is an area of investigation fraught with experimental challenges, making it difficult to draw useful conclusions. Hoyland et al. (1) have here provided a much-needed systematic review of the evidence on the specific question of the effects of breakfast on children’s cognitive performance and, unsurprisingly, have concluded that the effects are generally positive, most clearly shown for memory and attention tasks and most easily demonstrated in nutritionally vulnerable children. However, the benefits of food before schoolwork are not necessarily purely, or even mostly, physiological; they could be …

Editorial: Nutrition Research Reviews, Katherine Younger

Articles

The diverse nature of the reviews included in this issue of Nutrition Research Reviews highlights a problem that is becoming increasingly acute for journal editors, namely that of finding suitable reviewers (especially for the more esoteric manuscripts) who are prepared to devote some of their time and expertise to this crucial task. Peer-review underpins the whole ethos of scientific journal publishing as we currently know it. Without it, readers have little guarantee that the published material is credible, which in turn casts the authors in a dubious light, and with them the editors and publishers of the journals; the whole …

Voices Raised, Issue 22, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: Women of the 2008 Election; The Women of the Flyer Enterprises; Beady Eyes; The C.A.D.I.E. Project; Holiday Traditions; Women’s Center Mentoring Program; National Coming Out Day at UD; Love/Avon Army of Women.

European Union Food Law Update, Emilie H. Leibovitch

Journal of Food Law & Policy

The European Union (EU) is facing major institutional challenges because Ireland rejected the Treaty of Lisbon last summer. The Treaty of Lisbon aims at modifying the institutional framework of the EU; more precisely, it aims in part at modifying the interaction of the various EU regulatory bodies with one another, as well as the interaction between the EU regulatory bodies and the national ones. The next few months will be decisive in determining whether the Treaty of Lisbon will finally replace the Treaty of Nice.

Weight And Body Composition Change During The First Year Of College: A Study Of Traditional Residence Hall Freshmen, Stephanie V. Christensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Overweight and obesity trends are on the rise, and young people are no exception. The popular phrase "Freshman 15" suggests that freshmen in college tend to gain weight faster than other populations. There is a growing body of literature that supports evidence of increased weight gain during the transition from high school to college. This study sought to examine not only weight changes among freshmen, but body composition, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) changes as well. Body composition was measured using air displacement plethysmography (Bod Pod®). This study examined changes in both males (n = 45) …

Dietary Resistant Starch Upregulates Total Glp-1 And Pyy In A Sustained Day-Long Manner Through Fermentation In Rodents, June Zhou, Roy J. Martin, Richard T. Tulley, Anne M. Raggio, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Li Shen, Samuel Colby Danna, Sasmita Tripathy, Maren Hegsted, Michael J. Keenan

Faculty Publications

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) are anti-diabetes/obesity hormones ecreted from the gut after meal ingestion. We have shown that dietary-resistant starch (RS) increased GLP-1 and PYY secretion, but he mechanism remains unknown. RS is a fermentable fiber that lowers the glycemic index of the diet and liberates short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) through fermentation in the gut. This study investigates the two possible mechanisms by which RS stimulates GLP-1 and PYY secretion: the effect of a meal or glycemic index, and the effect of fermentation. Because GLP-1 and PYY secretions are stimulated by nutrient availability in the gut, the …

Predictors Of Emesis And Time To Goal Intake After Pyloromyotomy: Analysis From A Prospective Trial., Shawn D. St Peter, Kuojen Tsao, Susan W. Sharp, G W. Holcomb Iii, Daniel J. Ostlie

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: Emesis after pyloromyotomy for pyloric stenosis is a common clinical phenomenon and the limiting factor in time to goal feeds. The amount of emesis that can be expected after myotomy is unknown. No data have been published that equip caregivers with the ability to understand which patients are more likely to have emesis and take longer to advance to goal feeds after pyloromyotomy. Therefore, we performed analysis of prospective data obtained from a randomized trial to determine if outcome can be predicted from preoperative or intraoperative variables.

Methods: The dataset was prospectively collected from a randomized trial comparing open …

Senior Citizen Access To And Utilization Of The Farmers’ Market: A Holland Michigan Study, Jennifer M. Kadrovich

McNair Scholars Journal

This research examines whether or not senior citizens in the Holland, Michigan area have access to and use of the local farmers’ market. The intent is to determine any access issues the elderly population may have in the availability of fresh nutritious produce. It is assumed that many elderly people have poor health, are on a fixed income, have a lack of transportation, and suffer from decreased mobility and social isolation. Because of these limitations senior citizens may not be able to easily obtain fresh produce which may, in turn, impact the nutrition of this group.

Hss Alumni News Fall 2008, Department Of Health And Sport Sciences

Health and Sport Sciences Newsletter

• Becoming A Physical Educator by John Mark Mocas
• President Devore Retires: Suites to be Renamed
• The Department of Health & Sport Sciences Adds Allied Health Major

Health And Nutritional Need Assessment Of Hispanics In South Carolina, America Chavez-Martinez

All Dissertations

From 1990 to 2000, South Carolina's Hispanic population increased 211%. Now, states such as South Carolina have the fastest growing Hispanic population in the U.S. Hispanics have a high incidence of obesity and related chronic diseases such as diabetes, stroke, hypertension and heart disease, these diseases could be avoided through diet. Meanwhile, nutrition education interventions help to reduce weight and to change behaviors, leading to better health. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods to examine Hispanics health and nutritional needs to develop a cultural compatible nutrition program for this audience. The qualitative methods explored predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors …

Assessment Of A Pilot Nutrition Education Program For Hispanic Youth And Their Parents, Maria Rossi

All Theses

Obesity and overweight are increasing at epidemic proportions in South Carolina for both adults and children, particularly affecting minority groups. Hispanic populations residing in South Carolina are not the exception. It is important to provide nutrition education, exercise, and behavior interventions as they are the foundations to treat parents and children who are overweight, obese, or are at risk for overweight and obesity. This study used quantitative and qualitative methods to examine the effectiveness of a nutrition and physical activity program, 'Jump into Food and Fitness' with the Hispanic population and to determine the effectiveness of the program on knowledge, …

Access To Women’S Health Information In Monteverde, July 27, 2008, Emily Balf, Janelle Christensen, Stephanie Melton, Kristin Monnard

Monteverde Institute: Culture, Community, and Health

A research project exploring women's health in the Monteverde region.

Gardens At Home, Gardens At School: Diet And Food Crop Diversity In Two Q'Eqchi' Communities In Southern Belize, Douglas Carl Reeser

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A district-wide school garden project has been initiated in the Toledo District of Southern Belize in response to reported high rates of poverty and undernutrition. This paper will discuss research conducted in the summer of 2007 with Q'eqchi' Maya in the Toledo District to determine the effect of school gardens on household diet and gardening, the composition of the household diet, and the makeup of homegardens. Food frequency questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were conducted in two rural villages, one with a school garden program and one without. Various members of NGOs working on school garden projects in the district were …

Health Decision Behaviors: Appropriateness Of Dietary Choice, Daryle Hermelin Wane

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Dietary choice is a complex mechanism that is influenced by multiple internal and external factors that impact individuals across the life span. The study was designed to examine how individuals make snack food choices based on integration of food motives (cues), appropriateness (nutritional index) as functions of nutritional knowledge, food-related motives, and information processing styles. Community college students participated in a multi part on line survey that ascertained food motives (FCQ), nutrition knowledge (FNQ), information processing (NFC), food pairing task and demographic background data. The single sided Lens model was used to determine the regression weights of the nine food …

Sheep Updates 2008 - Part 2, Meredith L. Sheil, Di Evans, Brown Besier, Tim Scanlon, Andre Martinho De Almeida, Johan Greeff, Tanya Kilminster, John Milton, Chris Oldham, B. L. Mcintyre, Alison Wheatley, John Lucey, Fiona Jones, Nick Costa, Ed Riggall, J. R. L. Hall, Robin Jacob, Dave Pethick, Dave Hopkins, Graham Gardner

Sheep Updates

This session covers eleven papers from different authors: The Sheep Room 1. Analgesia for Surgical Husbandry Procedures in Sheep and Other Livestock, Dr Meredith L. Sheil, Animal Ethics Pty Ltd, Associate Sydney University Faculty of Veterinary Science The Wool Enterprise 2. Unmulsed sheep - implications for chemical use, Di Evans & Brown Besier, Department of Agriculture and Food WA 3. Are Damara and Dorper sheep better adapted than Merinos to nutritional stress? - Growth rates, Tim Scanlon1, Andre Martinho de Almeida2, Johan Greeff1, Tanya Kilminster1, John Milton3, Chris Oldham1, Department of Agriculture and Food WA1, Instituto de Investigacao Cientifica Tropical, …

Sustainable Control Of Ascaris Lumbricoides (Worms) In A Rural, Disease Endemic And Developing Community: A Systems Approach, Monica Annmarie Gray

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Parasitic infections, inadequate sanitation, and poor nutrition represent major etiologies that operate in synergy to cause some of the world's most disabling diseases. Citizens of developing nations, especially children living in rural areas, are the most affected. Current research and subsequent interventions have attempted to solve these issues using vertical interventions aimed at minimizing specific health outcomes. This approach does not consider the interaction among causes and the interrelationship between human beings and their environment. Challenges solved in this manner often fail to produce sustainable results or worse, create new problems.

This project proposed the systems approach framework to address …

Original Research Hormonal Response To Carbohydrate Supplementation At Rest And After Resistance Exercise, Sean R. Schumm, N. Travis Triplett, Jeffrey M. Mcbride, Charles Dumke

Integrative Physiology and Athletic Training Faculty Publications

This investigation examined the anabolic-hormone response to carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation at rest and after resistance exercise. Nine recreationally trained men randomly underwent 4 testing conditions: rest with placebo (RPL), rest with CHO (RCHO), resistance exercise with placebo (EPL), and resistance exercise with CHO (ECHO). The resistance-exercise protocol was four sets of Smith machine squats with a 10-repetition-maximum load, with 90-s rests between sets. Participants then consumed either a placebo or CHO (24% CHO, 1.5 g/kg) drink. Blood was taken before exercise (Pre), immediately after testing (Post), and then 15 (15P), 30 (30P), and 60 (60P) min after drink ingestion. Blood …

Assessment Of Whole Grain Intake In A Population Of College Students, Sarah Flinn

Senior Honors Projects

Increasing the consumption of whole grain foods is an immediate public health priority. Whole grains are rich in dietary fiber, antioxidants, protein, vitamins, and minerals. Americans of all ages do not eat enough of these foods to benefit from their potential to reduce the risk of certain cancers, diabetes and obesity. The aim of this project is to profile the whole grain intake and document related knowledge and attitudes of a convenience sample of college students at the University of Rhode Island, a group that is at high risk for a low whole grain intake. Using the introductory nutrition (NFS …

Bull Nutrition, Julie Walker, George Perry, Ken Olsen

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

Bull nutrition is often overlooked by many producers, except when problems arise. Bulls are often managed as one group even though there may be large differences in age, size, and body condition. Seedstock producers are the primary individuals managing the development program of bulls being sold. For commercial producers, feeding programs usually include feeding purchased bull(s) from delivery until the breeding season and bulls retained from one breeding season to the next. The debate over the correct method for developing bulls is not settled: Should you develop bulls at a moderate rate of gain? Or should you develop bulls on …

Healthy Habits: An Exploration Of Family Eating Choices And Practices, Stephanie Bramley

Senior Honors Projects

Before declaring myself a Human Development and Family Studies major at the end of my sophomore year, I searched for universities based upon my interest in nutrition. Since high school, I have become more health conscious and with my recent studies in human development and families, I became interested in family food choices and behaviors. Obesity is a rising epidemic in the United States and many habits, healthy or unhealthy, start with the family during childhood. I began working with Professors McCurdy and Gorman in the fall of 2007 on their Food Behavior Study, interviewing mothers with young children at …

From Mypyramid To The Plate: A Multifaceted Nutrition Intervention For African Americans With Type 2 Diabetes, Robin Stegall

All Dissertations

ABSTRACT The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the feasibility of a paraprofessional-led multifaceted six-week nutrition education program and to explore the diabetes-related health and behavioral outcomes in adult African Americans of lower income and lower educational levels who have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The Quasi-experimental design consisted of a control group and an experimental group with pre and post-test administration. The groups were pre-assigned by their participation in the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) 2010 program of Charleston County, South Carolina. The nutrition education intervention consisted of a total of six lessons …

New Fruit And Vegetable Offerings And Challenges Increased Lunch-Time Fruit And Vegetable Consumption Among Fourth-Graders, Cory Ann Hansen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Facilitating nutritional improvement in schools is an important strategy for reversing the alarming trends of overweight and undernourishment currently observed among children in the United States. Compared to national recommendations, many people in the United States under-consume nutrient-dense foods, such as fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to determine if various school-based interventions can increase fruit and vegetable consumption among 75 fourth-graders. Interventions included fruit and vegetable challenges, offering a new variety of fruit, and classroom nutrition education. To assess intake, photographs of students' school lunch trays were taken pre- and post-consumption and then analyzed to determine …

Voices Raised, Issue 19, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: The First 25 Years of Women Students at UD; Women’s History Month; O’Rourke Award Honors Two Outstanding Seniors; Amy Anderson taking the Reins for International Women’s Day; Penis Envy? No Thanks!; The Women’s Center Grows in Resources; The UD Woman, 1937 to 2008; UD Women 1937-1962; Parents changing unhealthy aspects of UD student life.

The Osu1/Qua2/Tsd2-Encoded Putative Methyltransferase Is A Critical Modulator Of Carbon And Nitrogen Nutrient Balance Response In Arabidopsis, Peng Gao, Zeyu Xin, Zhi-Liang Zheng

Publications and Research

The balance between carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) nutrients must be tightly coordinated so that cells can optimize their opportunity for metabolism, growth and development. However, the C and N nutrient balance perception and signaling mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of two allelic oversensitive to sugar1 mutants (osu1-1, osu1-2) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using the cotyledon anthocyanin accumulation and root growth inhibition assays, we show that the osu1 mutants are more sensitive than wild-type to both of the imbalanced C/N conditions, high C/low N and low C/high N. However, under the balanced C/N conditions (low …

Precision Of Descriptors For Percent Marrow Fat Content For Whitetailed Deer, Odocoileus Viriginianus, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Based on 168 records of both verbal descriptors of White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) femur-marrow fat and percentage of fat measured later, “gelatinous” served well to distinguish fat < 46% from higher percentages. “Waxy” distinguished fat > 56%.

Loco Labels And Marketing Madness: Improving How Consumers Interpret Information In The American Food Economy, Margaret Sova Mccabe

Law Faculty Scholarship

America's current food labeling scheme, as illustrated by the example of salt, is flawed when examined from the consumer and public health perspective. While the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act has sound scientific standards, those standards as currently applied to labels do not efficiently signal health information to consumers. Without better information on labels, consumers will continue to make poor choices at the grocery store. However, there are promising new ways to label. Both the United Kingdom and the domestic supermarket chain Hannaford’s have implemented simple health labeling on food packaging or grocery shelves to improve the amount and location …

Assessing Community Perceptions Of The Likely Impact Of A Probiotic Yogurt Project On Community Relations And Health In Mahina District, Mwanza, Tanzania, Melissa A. Whaling

Digitized Theses

This qualitative study explores the perceptions of the impacts of a proposed probiotic yogurt project on community relations in the Mahina community, Mwanza, Tanzania with the following objectives: to identify participants’ perceptions of probiotic yogurt and health; to examine project needs and facilitators; and to explore perceived barriers to project implementation in the context of community relations and gender roles. In-depth interviews (n=26) were conducted with residents and the analysis was informed by the literature on concepts of health, gender and development. The results revealed participants’ conceptions and misconceptions of probiotic yogurt including a misleading popular perceptions that probiotics can …

The Roles Of Nutrition And Psychosocial Stress In A Causal Model Of Maternal Prenatal Depressive Symptoms, Amrita Roy

Digitized Theses

BACKGROUND: Prenatal depression is a significant public health concern. OBJECTIVES: To contextualize the roles of zinc intake, psychosocial stress and baseline sociodemographic factors, as they inter-relate in the development of depressive symptoms, in a cohort of pregnant women from London (ON). HYPOTHESES: 1) Psychosocial stress serves as a partial mediator between baseline sociodemographic factors and zinc intake; 2) Zinc intake serves as a partial mediator between baseline sociodemographic factors and the development of depressive symptoms, and between psychosocial stress and the development of depressive symptoms. METHODS: Data were from the Prenatal Health Project. Regression methods were used. Baron and Kenny …