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Unjust Deserts: Food Insecurity, Structural Inequality, And Community Agency In Newtown, Fl, Juliana Dearr

Theses & ETDs

This thesis focuses on the issues surrounding food access in Newtown, the historic black neighborhood of Sarasota, FL. Poor nutrition, particularly in economically distressed areas, reinforces and maintains the violent cycle of poverty, as nutrition problems increase the risk of chronic health conditions. Ethnography and quantitative data collection on food availability and transportation access are the key methods. This research will show Newtown's consumption of healthy food is hindered by the sparse availability of fresh food, lacking transportation, education gaps, and time and money constraints. These barriers must be addressed to create systemic improvements to Newtown's welfare. Several community-based organizations, …

Effects Of Acute And Chronic Sleep Deprivation On Eating Behavior, Stephanie Frank

Lewis Honors College Capstone Collection

Sleep-deprivation is thought to be a factor in the rising American obesity epidemic. Altered sleep cycles affect appetite-regulating hormone levels and enhance the hedonic effect of food consumption. As a result, sleep restriction has been associated with an increased daily energy intake of more than 500 calories and high-carbohydrate/high-fat consumption. However, past studies have not examined the relationship between sleep deprivation and decreased intake of nutrient-dense fruits and vegetables as a factor in increased energy consumption. This paper aims to 1) determine the affect average hours of sleep or acute sleep deprivation (defined as less than 6 hour sleep per …

Testing The Health And Exercise Knowledge Of Bowling Green State University Students, Veronica Rasicci

Honors Projects

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and the problem is only continuing to grow (Flegal, 2006). Young adult college students are at a time in their lives where behaviors can more easily change than during other ages. They also are at a point in their lives where their current behaviors will influence the habits that they continue into later adulthood (Racette, Deusinger, Strube, & Highstein, 2012). Education is one way to promote healthy changes by college students. It is important to find out what knowledge of health and exercise college students already have. I developed a questionnaire with content-related validity and …

Exploration Of Why Alaskans Use Complementary Medicine: A Focus Group Study, Jessica Heafner

Student Projects for Graduate Degrees

Purpose: To explore why Alaskans choose to pursue complementary medicine as a healthcare option. Design: Qualitative Descriptive. Method: A purposive convenient recruitment methodology was used to recruit project participants. Focus groups were conducted to collect the research data. Findings: Five themes were identified that highlighted why participants use complementary medicine: 1) dissatisfaction, 2) effective, 3) holistic, 4) relationship focused, and 5) a personal journey

Prediction Of Feeding Difficulties In Post-Operative Neonates, Alexandra Adler

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The purpose of this study was to determine whether feeding difficulties in post-operative neonates correlate with intraoperative findings.

A retrospective study of neonates undergoing gastrointestinal surgery between January 2002 and December 2005 was performed. Operative notes were used to classify infants into four groups based on post-operative anatomy and anticipated intestinal function: class 1: anatomically normal/normal function (n=22); class 2: anatomically normal/dysfunction (n=21); class 3: anatomically short/normal function (n=31); and class 4: anatomically short/dysfunction (n=21). Class 3 was further divided into two subgroups based on ostomy location: proximal ostomy (class 3a, n=11) vs. distal ileostomy (class 3b, n=21). Anatomically short …

Extent Of Bgsu Student Food Insecurity And Community Resource Use, Kathryn Koller

Honors Projects

This research examines student food insecurity at Bowling Green State University (BGSU) and available resources in Bowling Green, Ohio. Seven classes from BGSU’s main campus were randomly chosen to complete a survey regarding participant background information, details concerning food attainment, food security level, and use of community resources to allow for food acquisition. These classes included undergraduate classes and ranged from 15 to 272 students per class. Less than one quarter of student participants had food insecurity (19%), and food insecurity was significantly associated with financial dependence (P=0.04). There was a significant relationship between not utilizing community food resources and …

Evaluating Dietary Amino Acid Adequacy In Horses Using Isotopic Techniques, Sara L. Tanner

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

Little is known about amino acid (AA) requirements in horses despite muscle mass accretion being of importance to an athletic species. Isotope methods for determining AA requirements and whole-body protein synthesis (WBPS) had not been previously used in growing horses. The first study herein was the first to apply isotope methods to determine WBPS in growing horses. In the study, weanling colts received two different levels of crude protein. Whole-body protein kinetics indicated that WBPS was greater when the weanlings were fed the diet with a greater crude protein content (P<0.05). The second study sought to determine a lysine requirement for yearling horses using the indicator AA oxidation (IAAO) method. Despite using six dietary levels of lysine; three above and three below the current recommendation, no breakpoint could be determined. Phenylalanine kinetics were not affected by lysine level (P>0.05), but plasma lysine increased linearly with lysine intake …

A Whole Grain Education Program For Older Adults: Its Effectiveness On Older Adults' Knowledge And Intake Of Whole Grains And Its Implications For Use With Younger Adults, Kristin Emily Davis

Master's Theses and Capstones

The average adult in America eats less than one serving of the recommended three serving minimum of whole grains each day. Consumption of whole grains in older adults is particularly low; consumption in college students is even lower. This pilot study investigated the effectiveness of a three-session nutrition education program, entitled "Is It Whole Grain?" to improve older adults knowledge, identification and consumption of whole grains. Based on the analysis of pre- and post- intervention whole grain questionnaire responses from 157 older adults, aged 60 or older, residing in New Hampshire and Iowa, significant improvements in older adults' knowledge and …

Maybe We Really Are What We Eat : Implications Of Nutrition And Mental Illness Research For Clinical Practice, Leslie H. Rosenberg

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

In light of our nation's growing obesity epidemic, this paper will explore the growing body of research indicating clear links between nutrition and mental health, and the implications for clinicians treating mental illness in chronically ill clients who are overweight or obese. I will analyze the intersection between nutrition and mental illness according to the concepts of motivational interviewing (MI) and Irwin Yalom's group therapy theory in order to inform social work practice with these adults. Medical professionals who tend to shoulder the responsibility of addressing diet concerns in mentally ill patients rarely have adequate time nor training to fully …

Home Health Nurses' Knowledge And Beliefs Of Suffering, Artificial Nutrition And Hydration In People With Late Stage Dementia, Lenora Ward Smith

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: This dissertation examined the concept and dimensions of suffering in individuals with late stage dementia and the knowledge and perceptions of home health nurses with regard to artificial nutrition and hydration and suffering in individuals with late stage dementia. Design: Using Caron and Bowers' method of dimensional analysis, the concept of suffering in people with late stage dementia was examined. A pilot study was conducted on home health nurses in Western North Carolina to test the reliability of the instrument used in the study, and a mixed methods exploratory study was conducted to measure home health nurses' knowledge and …

Sports Nutrition: Critical Components For Optimal Performance, Allyson Barys

The Corinthian

The purpose of this paper is to examine the critical nutritional components of an athlete’s diet for ideal energy and strength while exercising. This paper analyzes the importance behind hydrating the body and suggests timing for macronutrient and fluid ingestion as well as recommended consumption amounts to sustain that energy.

The Benefits Of Breastfeeding, Avery Kordus

Senior Honors Theses

Breastfeeding research is plentiful, and the majority of the literature shows that breast milk is the superior form of infant nutrition except in the rare circumstances of infant metabolic disorders, maternal drug use, or positive HIV status. In comparison to formula, breast milk provides improved cognition, development, behavior, bonding, nutrition, digestion, immunity, and long-term health with fewer diseases and conditions in infants. Mothers are benefited by breastfeeding through bonding, faster weight loss, and reduction in certain cancers and conditions. Breast milk contains the proper amount of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, and is also specialized for each infant and …

A General Consideration Of The Importance Of Nutrition For Critically Ill Patients, Ersi̇n Gürkan Dumlu, Mesut Özdedeoğlu, Bi̇rkan Bozkurt, Mehmet Tokaç, Abdussamed Yalçin, Levent Öztürk, Mehmet Kiliç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Malnutrition is a common medical condition among intensive care unit patients. It should be monitored carefully, since early management of malnutrition can dramatically improve the medical condition of the patients. A general consideration of enteral feeding shows that it is much more useful than parenteral administration, because it is more physiological and poses a lower risk of hyperalimentation. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, we scanned all files and personal information of patients hospitalized in intensive care units between 2009 and 2012 due to various medical conditions. We evaluated the nutritional status of patients with biochemical parameters that were …

Stress Fractures In An Athlete With Primary Amenorrhea After Onset Of Menarche At Age Twenty-Two: A Case Report, Jill Inouye, Ann Gately, Christopher Mcgrew

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Predictors Of Head Start And Child-Care Providers’ Healthful And Controlling Feeding Practices With Children Aged 2 To 5 Years, Dipti A. Dev, Brent A. Mcbride, Katherine E. Speirs, Sharon M. Donovan, Hyun Keun Cho

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Few child-care providers meet the national recommendations for healthful feeding practices. Effective strategies are needed to address this disparity, but research examining influences on child-care providers’ feeding practices is limited. The purpose of this study was to identify determinants of child-care providers’ healthful and controlling feeding practices for children aged 2 to 5 years. In this cross-sectional study, child-care providers (n = 118) from 24 center-based programs (six Head Start [HS], 11 Child and Adult Care Food Program [CACFP] funded, and seven non-CACFP) completed selfadministered surveys during 2011-2012. Multilevel multivariate linear regression models were used to predict seven feeding practices.Working …

Nutrition And Health Related Outcomes In Patients On Hemodialysis, Shawona Cannon Daniel

All ETDs from UAB

Millions of Americans are affected by kidney disease and a large proportion of these individuals require hemodialysis to sustain life. This is a life changing event. The nutritional lifestyle changes associated with hemodialysis may be a key factor to health related outcomes such as depression and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study examined the relationship between selected demographic characteristics, nutritional status, measured by serum albumin, normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR), body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and self-report dietary protein intake, and HRQOL and depression in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. This study also examines the magnitude of correlation …

Effects Of Biological, Environmental, And Nutritional Factors On Fecal Pellet Size And Morphology In The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus, Lacey Nicole Dennis

All ETDs from UAB

Sea urchins are an important economic resource for many international fisheries and are an important animal model in developmental biology. Currently, health of cultured sea urchins is evaluated by behavior or through invasive examination of internal tissues. Destructive sampling is not conducive to longitudinal studies and a non-invasive method of evaluating sea urchin health would have practical application. Evaluation of the egesta could provide a valuable predictor of physiological well-being. The size and morphology of fecal pellets produced by the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus under a variety of environmental and nutritional conditions were characterized in terms of 2-dimensional area, length, …

Dietary Pattern Adherence Of Adults With Diabetes In The Reasons For Geographic And Racial Differences In Stroke (Regards) Study 2003-2007, Keith Pearson

All ETDs from UAB

The objective of this study was to determine if adults with diabetes engage in different dietary practices compared to adults without diabetes in a national cohort of adults 45 years of age or older. Dietary practices were evaluated using five dietary patterns derived previously using factor analysis in a sample of 21,636 African American and European American participants who completed the Block 98 Food Frequency Questionnaire in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) measuring dietary pattern adherence of adults with diabetes …

Exposure To Methylmercury Via Fish Consumption In Ghana And An Evaluation Of Methylmercury Toxicity Under A Low Food Ration In Daphnia Pulex, Dzigbodi Adzo Doke

All ETDs from UAB

For many people of the world, fish is a primary source of protein, especially in countries like Ghana, where about 60% of the protein consumed is derived from fish. Fish advisories have been established by some nations to protect the public from harmful health effects linked to eating contaminated fish. Methylmercury (MeHg) is one such contaminant that has resulted in fish advisories. Fish advisories have not been developed in Ghana, although MeHg contamination of aquatic ecosystems is likely due to the long history of mercury (Hg) use in artisanal gold mining. To address this gap in our knowledge, I compiled …

An Evaluation Of The Healthy Eating Active Living (Heal) Alabama Program For Prevention Of Childhood Obesity Among Fifth Grade Students, Kelley Devane Hart

All ETDs from UAB

Childhood obesity is a major public health concern. The multiple effects of obesity in childhood are long-reaching. Since weight loss and maintenance are very difficult, prevention of obesity is important. Schools have been identified as an important environment for obesity prevention interventions since most children spend a large portion of the day at school. The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to determine if the Healthy Eating Active Living (HEAL) Alabama intervention improved weight status, fitness levels, and health knowledge and behaviors. A 2-by-2 repeated measures ANOVA was performed to determine whether differences exist between intervention and comparison students …

Implementation And Evaluation Of A Multidimensional Nutrition And Physical Activity Initiative Funded By A Community Health Foundation, James Pann, Angela Yehl, Peter Wood, Janisse Schoepp, Gabrielle Solomon, Craig Enders

The Foundation Review

· Poor diet and physical inactivity have been estimated to account for nearly 400,000 deaths a year in the U.S. and are contributing factors to obesity. Nearly one-third of children and two-thirds of adults are overweight or obese. Therefore, in early 2007 Health Foundation of South Florida (HFSF) embarked on a five-year responsive grantmaking initiative, Healthy Eating Active Communities.

· The initiative's aim was to improve healthy eating habits and physical activity levels through two major approaches: individual-level programs grounded in an educational approach and organizational, environmental, policy, and systems-change interventions. As additional research has emerged in the field, policies …

Obesity, Food Insecurity And The Impact On Perceptions And Behaviors Toward Dietary Nutrition In Low Income Women In Georgia, Amanda Lowe

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore the paradoxical relationship between obesity and food insecurity and the subsequent impact of this relationship on perceptions and behaviors towards diet and nutrition among low-income women in Georgia. Specifically, this study sought to investigate whether factors such as poverty, education, socio-economic status, and participation in food assistance programs influence obesity outcomes among low-income women in Georgia. A sequential exploratory mixed-method research design was conducted for this study. Using qualitative and quantitative measures, the study employed key informant interviews with 16 administrators and staff members from the Women, Infant and Children (WIC) program …

Metals In Commonly Eaten Groceries In Western Australia: A Market Basket Survey And Dietary Assessment, Anna Callan, Andrea Hinwood, Amanda Devine

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Children’s dietary exposure to metals has received limited attention in Australia. This study undertook a market basket survey and analysed 253 food and beverages for metals. These data were used in conjunction with recent average diet data for children in Western Australia to model dietary metals exposure, with mean metals intakes calculated for boys and girls aged 8, 12, 13 and 16 years. Results show that for some metals, including cadmium, nickel and manganese, dietary intake guidelines have been exceeded in younger children. The mean modelled cadmium intake in children aged 8 years was almost 60% of the World Health …

Links Between Insulin Resistance, Lipoprotein Metabolism And Amyloidosis In Alzheimer's Disease, Ian J. Martins, Rhona Creegan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The origins of premature brain aging and chronic disease progression are associated with atherogenic diets and sedentary lifestyles in Western communities. Interests in brain aging that involves non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the global stroke epidemic and neurodegeneration have become the focus of nutritional research. Atherogenic diets have been linked to plasma ceramide dysregulation and insulin resistance actively promoting chronic diseases and neurodegeneration in developed countries. Abnormal lipid signaling as observed in chronic diseases such as hypothyroidism, obesity and diabetes is connected to stroke and neurodegenerative diseases in man. Lipids that are involved in calcium and amyloid betahomeostasis are …

Induction Of Nafld With Increased Risk Of Obesity And Chronic Diseases In Developed Countries, Ian J. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The susceptibility of individuals to obesity has been reported in many developed countries with predisposition of humans to obesity associated with high calorie diets and unhealthy lifestyles. Obesity may closely be involved in cell suicide in various organ diseases with the importance of accelerated aging that requires early intervention with drug therapy to prevent diseases such as non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that has increased in children and reached to approx. 40% of the global population. Obesity is induced by various diets and lifestyle factors such as stress, anxiety and depression which are important to consider with the global …

Impact Of Nutrition On Cognition And Its Association With Blood And Brain Alzheimer Disease Related Biomarkers, Samantha Gardener

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of senile dementia, currently affects over 35 million people worldwide. While there is no cure or effective treatment, early intervention programs hold considerable promise. Following particular dietary patterns represents one potential intervention strategy accessible to all.

Results from previous studies investigating the association of diet, cognition and biomarkers of AD are inconsistent: Positive results have been reported (1-7), whilst others have shown no associations. Prior to this thesis, no study has assessed the relationship of four dietary patterns to cognition, blood-based and neuroimaging biomarkers of AD in a large highly-characterised ageing cohort. Participants …

Three Dimensional Nutrition: Exploring Nourishment Of Spirit, Mind, And Body During A 28-Day Daniel Fast At Southern Adventist University, Caitlin S. Hobbs

Capstone Research Projects

A person who is living well can be said to be “making lifestyle choices with God’s help to support optimum physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health and experiencing His gift of abundant life” (Tryon, 2009). All of these “dimensions” of health are interrelated, and in order for a person to truly flourish, each area must be nourished. Dietary choices can have an especially interesting impact on these dimensions. Eating healthfully is not always viewed as a joyous endeavor, but when viewed from a multi-dimensional perspective, it can become a more rewarding and intriguing pursuit.

One way to promote a nutritional …

Mediterranean Diet Is An Effective Method For Treating Type 2 Diabetes In Adults, Amy Bois

Health Sciences Undergraduate Publications

Type 2 diabetes has been a health issue for many years, and as more people throughout the world become obese or overweight this issue becomes more serious. Type 2 diabetes is called insulin resistance which means the body does not use insulin properly. At first the pancreas will make extra insulin, but over time the pancreas is not able to keep up and cannot make enough insulin to keep blood glucose at normal levels. Type 2 diabetes is most common in adults who are obese or overweight, and this health problem can be life-threatening. There is no cure for type …

Three Essays Evaluating Health Impacts Of The National School Lunch Program, Janet Peckham

All Dissertations

This research focuses on the health impacts of participation in the National School Lunch Program, a program providing free and reduced-cost lunches for income-eligible students and minimally subsidizing lunches for income-ineligible students. In the past decade, increasing incidence of childhood obesity, particularly among low-income individuals has drawn scrutiny over the NSLP's role in the health of student-aged children.

The first chapter introduces the reader to the NSLP, providing a history of the program since its inception at the turn of the 20th century and addressing current issues in the economic literature regarding health impacts of program participation. The second chapter …

Voices Raised, Issue 42, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: The Adventure of a Lifetime; Follow Your Heart; It’s a Bird. It’s a Plane. No, it’s Mentor Woman; It would have killed you; Raise Your Awareness of Endometrial Cancer; Love Your Body Month; International Friendship Family.