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Articles 1441 - 1470 of 2497

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Phosphorus-Cadmium Cycling In Northeast Pacific Waters, George A. Knauer, John H. Martin Jan 1981

Phosphorus-Cadmium Cycling In Northeast Pacific Waters, George A. Knauer, John H. Martin

Journal of Marine Research

The vertical distributions of dissolved and particulate Cd and PO4 were determined in water samples collected off the central California coast. The same elements, plus carbon, were also measured in passively sinking particulates that were caught in particle interceptor traps set at depths of 35, 65, 150, 500, 750, and 1500 m....

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Dispersion, Feeding Behavior And Competition In Two Spionid Polychaetes, Lisa Ann Levin Jan 1981

Dispersion, Feeding Behavior And Competition In Two Spionid Polychaetes, Lisa Ann Levin

Journal of Marine Research

Spatial analysis, laboratory and field experiments, and feeding observations indicate contrasting patterns of aggression in the polychaetes Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata (Okuda) and Streblospio benedicti (Webster) and provide the first evidence of territoriality in a spionid polychaete (Pseudopolydora)....

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15n Tracer Studies Of The Primary Nitrite Maximum, Robert J. Olson Jan 1981

15n Tracer Studies Of The Primary Nitrite Maximum, Robert J. Olson

Journal of Marine Research

15N tracers were used in sub-tropical and Antarctic waters to study the production of nitrite from nitrate and ammonia, and the uptake of nitrate and ammonia. It was found that ammonia was the predominant source of nitrite in the primary nitrite maximum in sub-tropical waters and in the Ross Sea in summer, while nitrate and ammonia were both important in the Scotia Sea in early spring....

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Differential Photoinhibition Of Marine Nitrifying Bacteria: A Possible Mechanism For The Formation Of The Primary Nitrite Maximum, Robert J. Olson Jan 1981

Differential Photoinhibition Of Marine Nitrifying Bacteria: A Possible Mechanism For The Formation Of The Primary Nitrite Maximum, Robert J. Olson

Journal of Marine Research

15N-tracer experiments using natural populations of marine nitrifying bacteria revealed photoinhibition of nitrite- and ammonia-oxidizing activity at light intensities less than 1% of sunlight. Nitrite oxidation was more sensitive to light than was ammonia oxidation. Calculations of biologically effective dose rates suggest that the depths at which ammonia oxidation exceeds nitrite oxidation are consistent with the depths of observed primary nitrite maxima in subtropical waters.

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Variability Of The Flow Through The Strait Of Belle Isle, Christopher Garrett, Bechara Toulany Jan 1981

Variability Of The Flow Through The Strait Of Belle Isle, Christopher Garrett, Bechara Toulany

Journal of Marine Research

For periods between about two days and one month the surface flow through the Strait of Belle Isle, represented by the sea level difference across it, is highly coherent with the large scale atmospheric pressure gradient normal to the strait. This suggests that the flow is driven by a sea level difference between opposite ends of the strait induced by large scale winds....

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Baroclinic Transport In The Gulf Of Alaska Part Ii. A Fresh Water Driven Coastal Current, Thomas C. Royer Jan 1981

Baroclinic Transport In The Gulf Of Alaska Part Ii. A Fresh Water Driven Coastal Current, Thomas C. Royer

Journal of Marine Research

A coastal geostrophic, baroclinic jet in the Gulf of Alaska is driven seasonally by fresh water discharge and winds. The narrow current (<20 km) has a mean transport of 0.24 × 106 m3 s-1 (relative to 100 db) and velocities in excess of 66 cm s-1. The jet reaches a maximum in autumn, coincident with maximum fresh water discharge along the coast....

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Spatial And Temporal Patterns Of Dissolved Ammonium, Manganese, And Silica Fluxes From Bottom Sediments Of Long Island Sound, U.S.A., Robert C. Aller, Larry K. Benninger Jan 1981

Spatial And Temporal Patterns Of Dissolved Ammonium, Manganese, And Silica Fluxes From Bottom Sediments Of Long Island Sound, U.S.A., Robert C. Aller, Larry K. Benninger

Journal of Marine Research

The flux of dissolved NH4+, Mn++, and Si(OH)4 from bottom sediments was measured directly at 14 stations throughout central and western Long Island Sound, U.S.A….

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Do Oceanic Zooplankton Aggregate At, Or Near, The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum?, Alan R. Longhurst, Alex W. Herman Jan 1981

Do Oceanic Zooplankton Aggregate At, Or Near, The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum?, Alan R. Longhurst, Alex W. Herman

Journal of Marine Research

Grazing pressure, varying with depth, must play a role in shaping the general form of the chlorophyll profile which often contains a deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM). Until we obtain enough coincident high-precision profiles of chlorophyll and grazing plankton (such as the BATFISH profiles, discussed below) it is difficult to be sure that this is so, though the problem is important enough to warrant an attempt, and several have been made....

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Cupric Ion Activity And The Growth Of Phytoplankton Clones Isolated From Different Marine Environments, Jerome Gavis, Robert R.L. Guillard, Bonnie L. Woodward Jan 1981

Cupric Ion Activity And The Growth Of Phytoplankton Clones Isolated From Different Marine Environments, Jerome Gavis, Robert R.L. Guillard, Bonnie L. Woodward

Journal of Marine Research

The responses to {Cu++} (free cupric ion activity) of 24 clones of 11 species of marine phytoplankton in 4 algal classes were studied in a Cu-Tris buffered medium with a fluorometric method of measuring acclimated growth rates….

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Oceanic Co2 Increase In Baffin Bay, E. P. Jones, E. M. Levy Jan 1981

Oceanic Co2 Increase In Baffin Bay, E. P. Jones, E. M. Levy

Journal of Marine Research

Measurements of the total inorganic carbon in the water of Baffin Bay are interpreted to reflect increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide due to fossil fuel combustion. The increases are indicated by differences at various depths in the alkalinity and total inorganic carbon values after correction for calcium carbonate dissolution and decay of organic matter. These differences are comparable to the changes reported for GEOSECS Atlantic and Pacific Stations.

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Sediment Destabilization By Animal Tubes, James E. Eckman, Arthur R.M. Nowell, Peter A. Jumars Jan 1981

Sediment Destabilization By Animal Tubes, James E. Eckman, Arthur R.M. Nowell, Peter A. Jumars

Journal of Marine Research

Laboratory flume ex periments we re conducted in order to test the influence on sediment e rodibility of varying densities of the tube-building polychaete worm Owenia fusiformis. Experiments were performed on isolated individuals, in order to measure approximate spatial limits of isolated tube effects, and on arrays of individuals at densities reported previously to be associated with stable beds....

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Nutrition And Food Limitation Of Deposit-Feeders. I. The Role Of Microbes In The Growth Of Mod Snails (Hydrobiidae), Jeffrey S. Levinton, Thomas S. Bianchi Jan 1981

Nutrition And Food Limitation Of Deposit-Feeders. I. The Role Of Microbes In The Growth Of Mod Snails (Hydrobiidae), Jeffrey S. Levinton, Thomas S. Bianchi

Journal of Marine Research

A series of laboratory microcosm experiments demonstrate that somatic growth of the deposit-feeding gastropod, Hydrobia totteni, is related strongly to microalgal standing stock. Microalgal standing stock is, in turn, determined by the relative rates of grazing and recovery....

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Phytoplankton Growth In Nutrient Rich Seawater: Importance Of Copper-Manganese Cellular Interactions, William G. Sunda, Richard T. Barber, Susan A. Huntsman Jan 1981

Phytoplankton Growth In Nutrient Rich Seawater: Importance Of Copper-Manganese Cellular Interactions, William G. Sunda, Richard T. Barber, Susan A. Huntsman

Journal of Marine Research

Matrix experiments were conducted to determine the role of trace metals in limiting phytoplankton growth rate in seawater collected from the deep nitrate maximum (800 m, 25 µM nitrate) off the North Carolina coast. Additions of FeCI3, MnCI2, and chelators (EDTA and NTA) stimulated the growth of unialgal cultures of Chaetoceros socialis or of a natural phytoplankton community inoculated into this seawater....

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Physical Origins Of Georges Bank Water, T. S. Hopkins, N. Garfield Iii Jan 1981

Physical Origins Of Georges Bank Water, T. S. Hopkins, N. Garfield Iii

Journal of Marine Research

The seasonal behavior of the Georges Bank Water mass is described from the context of the historic National Oceanographic Data Center file (1910-1978). The Georges Bank Water is defined as the water type most commonly found in the top 40 m of water within the 65 m isobath. Plots of its distribution show it unique within the Georges Bank/Gulf of Maine region....

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Nutrition And Food Limitation Of Deposit-Feeders. Ii. Differential Effects Of Hydrobia Totteni And Ilyanassa Obsoleta On The Microbial Community, Thomas S. Bianchi, Jeffrey S. Levinton Jan 1981

Nutrition And Food Limitation Of Deposit-Feeders. Ii. Differential Effects Of Hydrobia Totteni And Ilyanassa Obsoleta On The Microbial Community, Thomas S. Bianchi, Jeffrey S. Levinton

Journal of Marine Research

We examined the effects of the mud snails Hydrobia totteni and Ilyanassa obsoleta on microbial communities of sediments in microcosms. Varying density of Hydrobia, and the presence of Ilyanassa, exerted no effect on steady state bacterial standing stock. This is probably related to the rapid recovery rate of bacteria, despite efficient grazing....

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Simulation Of A Storm Event In Marine Microcosms, Candance A. Oviatt, Carlton D. Hunt, Gabriel A. Vargo, Kevin W. Kopchynski Jan 1981

Simulation Of A Storm Event In Marine Microcosms, Candance A. Oviatt, Carlton D. Hunt, Gabriel A. Vargo, Kevin W. Kopchynski

Journal of Marine Research

A storm of moderate intensity and lasting for 14 hours was simulated in three of the Marine Ecosystems Research Laboratory (MERL) microcosms by increasing the intensity of microcosm mixing. The simulation resuspended ~0.3 cm of sediment and increased suspended particulate loads by 2 orders of magnitude. Concurrently, the concentrations of metals and nutrients increased in the water column....

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The Response Of A Linear Baroclinic Equatorial Ocean To Periodic Forcing, Mark A. Cane, E. S. Sarachik Jan 1981

The Response Of A Linear Baroclinic Equatorial Ocean To Periodic Forcing, Mark A. Cane, E. S. Sarachik

Journal of Marine Research

This paper examines the response of the linear inviscid shallow water equations on a meridionally infinite but zonally bounded equatorial β-plane to periodic zonal forcings at a low frequency ω….

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Forced Standing Equatorial Ocean Wave Modes, Peter R. Gent Jan 1981

Forced Standing Equatorial Ocean Wave Modes, Peter R. Gent

Journal of Marine Research

Standing equatorial wave modes are shown to be exact solutions of the forced, linear, inviscid shallow water equations when the forcing is zonally uniform and at a single frequency. If the forcing is equatorially confined in the meridional direction, then so is the directly forced response and the standing mode does not lealr. energy away from the equator....

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Evidence For Wind-Forced Circulation In The Gulf Of Mexico, John Blaha, Wilton Sturges Jan 1981

Evidence For Wind-Forced Circulation In The Gulf Of Mexico, John Blaha, Wilton Sturges

Journal of Marine Research

A study is conducted into the response of sea level and dynamic height to fluctuations of alongshore wind stress and wind stress curl at periods greater than a few months per cycle….

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Geomorphology And Community Composition Of Two Adjacent Reef Areas, Discovery Bay, Jamaica, W. David Liddell, Sharon L. Ohlhorst Jan 1981

Geomorphology And Community Composition Of Two Adjacent Reef Areas, Discovery Bay, Jamaica, W. David Liddell, Sharon L. Ohlhorst

Journal of Marine Research

The north coast of Jamaica possesses a highly variable topography which reflects tectonic displacement of Pleistocene rock units. Holocene reef development is intimately related to the underlying Pleistocene rocks and reflects such variation in basement morphology. Underwater surveys have established that two adjacent reef areas, the East and West Fore Reefs at Discovery Bay, Jamaica, exhibit contrasting bottom profiles which are due to differential offset of the underlying Pleistocene shelf carbonates....

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Disturbance And Community Structure: An Experimental Study Of Bioturbation In Marine Soft-Bottom Environments, G. A. Brenchley Jan 1981

Disturbance And Community Structure: An Experimental Study Of Bioturbation In Marine Soft-Bottom Environments, G. A. Brenchley

Journal of Marine Research

Bioturbators alter the sediment surface in the following ways: by depositing sediment on the surface in the form of feces or in the process of tunnelling, and by transporting sediment about the surface while feeding or while burrowing….

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Grazing By Diadema Antillarum (Philippi) And Its Effects On The Benthic Algal Community, Robert C. Carpenter Jan 1981

Grazing By Diadema Antillarum (Philippi) And Its Effects On The Benthic Algal Community, Robert C. Carpenter

Journal of Marine Research

Field observations in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands and Discovery Bay, Jamaica reveal that Diadema antillarum Philippi has a strong feeding preference for algal turf. Seasonally reduced abundance of this preferred food item was accompanied by the utilization of an alternate food resource (live coral) in concurrence with optimal foraging theory predictions....

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The Influence Of The Mid-Atlantic Ridge Upon The Circulation And The Properties Of The Mediterranean Water Southwest Of The Azores, Terrence M. Joyce Jan 1981

The Influence Of The Mid-Atlantic Ridge Upon The Circulation And The Properties Of The Mediterranean Water Southwest Of The Azores, Terrence M. Joyce

Journal of Marine Research

The warm, salty water influenced by the Mediterranean outflow can be observed at middepth throughout the Central North Atlantic Ocean. Katz (1970) first noted that rather than a gradual salinity decrease away from the source, large changes were observable over major topographic features such as the mid-Atlantic Ridge, despite the fact that the topography presented no direct physical barrier to the core layer....

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Temporal Variations In Diatom Abundance Off Southern California In Relation To Surface Temperature, Air Temperature And Sea Level, Sargun A. Tont Jan 1981

Temporal Variations In Diatom Abundance Off Southern California In Relation To Surface Temperature, Air Temperature And Sea Level, Sargun A. Tont

Journal of Marine Research

Temporal variations in diatom abundance off the southern California coast during the 1920- 1939 period can be explained by a combination of the changes in the circulation patterns of major water masses and variations associated with upwelling events. Monthly, tri-monthly, seasonal and yearly anomalies of diatom abundances have significant negative correlation with the anomalies of sea surface temperature, air temperature and sea level.

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Benthic Enrichment In The Georgia Bight Related To Gulf Stream Intrusions And Estuarine Outwelling, R. B. Hanson, K. R. Tenore, S. Bishop, C. Chamberlain, M. M. Pamatmat, J. Tietjen Jan 1981

Benthic Enrichment In The Georgia Bight Related To Gulf Stream Intrusions And Estuarine Outwelling, R. B. Hanson, K. R. Tenore, S. Bishop, C. Chamberlain, M. M. Pamatmat, J. Tietjen

Journal of Marine Research

The distribution patterns of benthic biomass (microbiota, meiofauna, and macrofauna) over the expansive continental shelf of the Georgia Bight suggest nutrient inputs from intrusions of deep Gulf Stream waters at the shelf break….

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Log-Normal Distributions Of Suspended Particles In The Open Ocean, Claude E. Lambert, C. Jehanno, N. Silverberg, J. C. Brun-Cottan, R. Chesselet Jan 1981

Log-Normal Distributions Of Suspended Particles In The Open Ocean, Claude E. Lambert, C. Jehanno, N. Silverberg, J. C. Brun-Cottan, R. Chesselet

Journal of Marine Research

A scanning electron microscope-electron microprobe technique was used to chemically distinguish and size particles as fine as 0.2/µm on GEOSECS suspended matter filters from the open ocean….

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Carbon Fluxes At The Sediment-Water Interface Of The Deep-Sea: Calcium Carbonate Preservation, Steven Emerson, Michael Bender Jan 1981

Carbon Fluxes At The Sediment-Water Interface Of The Deep-Sea: Calcium Carbonate Preservation, Steven Emerson, Michael Bender

Journal of Marine Research

The degradation of organic m atter at the seawater-sediment interface plays an important role in the pattern of calcium carbonate preservation in the deep sea. A model developed to quantify this effect shows that the amount of calcium carbonate dissolved by metabolic CO2 at the sediment-water interface is dependent upon the rain ratio of organic carbon and calcium carbonate, and the rates of organic matter degradation and calcite dissolution....

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Seasonal Variation Of Vitamin B12, B12 Analogs, And Phytoplankton In A Long Island Estuary, Stephen F. Bruno, Robert D. Staker, Linda L. Curtis Jan 1981

Seasonal Variation Of Vitamin B12, B12 Analogs, And Phytoplankton In A Long Island Estuary, Stephen F. Bruno, Robert D. Staker, Linda L. Curtis

Journal of Marine Research

Dissolved vitamin B12 concentrations in the Peconic Bay estuary, Long Island, were determined over a seasonal period by assay with the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana clone 3H….

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Reply To 'Do Oceanic Zooplankton Aggregate At, Or Near, The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum?', P. B. Ortner, P. H. Wiebe, J. L. Cox Jan 1981

Reply To 'Do Oceanic Zooplankton Aggregate At, Or Near, The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum?', P. B. Ortner, P. H. Wiebe, J. L. Cox

Journal of Marine Research

We appreciate the time and attention given our paper by Longhurst and Herman and the opportunity to reply to their critique. Unfortunately, we believe their difficulties with the presentation of our data are more subjective than substantive. In fact, we believe a careful reading of our text will show that our conclusions are suitably conservative....

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Atmospheric Transport Of Organochlorines In The North Atlantic Gyre, Terry F. Bidleman, Eric J. Christensen, W. Neil Billings, Ross Leonard Jan 1981

Atmospheric Transport Of Organochlorines In The North Atlantic Gyre, Terry F. Bidleman, Eric J. Christensen, W. Neil Billings, Ross Leonard

Journal of Marine Research

Chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) circulating over the North Atlantic were measured during 1977-78 at Barbados and during the 1977 summer at the southern tip of Newfoundland. Total organochlorines were collected using a glass fiber filter backed up by a polyurethane foam trap, and were analyzed by electron capture gas chromatography on packed and glass capillary columns....

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