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Behavior Of The American Alligator In A Louisiana Freshwater Marsh., William Lee Rootes

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Stomachs from 706 alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) harvested from a southern Louisiana fresh marsh in 1987 and 1988 were examined for web tags from smaller marked alligators. Alligators $$2.73 m TL) were significantly more cannibalistic than smaller alligators (P $<$ 0.0001). Males and females were cannibalized in the same proportion they occurred in the population. Cannibalism mortality appeared to be distributed proportionately among all cohorts in the 0.35-2.12 m TL size classes resulting in a relatively uniform reduction across the group. Cannibalism was found to be an important population regulating mechanism, accounting for an estimated 50.2% of total hatchling mortality and 70.1% of total mortality in age 11 months and older alligators. Male growth rates in both a palustrine marsh (Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge) and estuarine marsh (Rockefeller Refuge) marsh types were greater than female rates (P $<$ 0.0001). Growth rates and weight-length ratios of alligators in estuarine marsh were greater than those of alligators in palustrine marsh (P $<$ 0.0001). Age specific fecundity and survivorship rates of alligators in the palustrine marsh were less than alligators in the estuarine marsh. The home range size and activity pattern of adult female alligators of different reproductive status were compared among seasons of the year. Home range size (P = 0.54) and minimum average daily movement rates (P = 0.85) did not differ between nesting and non-nesting radio-collared females during the summer nesting season. No difference was found between females with and without broods in the two variables during the fall brooding season. Adult radio-collared female alligators ranged over larger areas and had greater daily average daily movement rates during the spring breeding season than during any other season of the year (P $<$ 0.01). Annual home range size of the 15 adult female alligators monitored during the study was 36.2 $\pm$ 42.6 (SD) ha.

Changes In Lipid Composition Of Gulf Coast Marine Species As Influenced By Processing And Storage Treatments., Rafida Idris

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The lipid composition, and changes to lipid components of several marine finfish due to frozen storage, canning and use of various physical and chemical treatments during storage were evaluated. In Phase I, and lipid content of mullet (Mugil cephalus), croaker (Micropogon undulatus), redfish (Sciaenops ocllata) and red snapper (Lutiganus campechanus) fillets obtained from a local supermarket, was approximately 5% with phospholipids representing $<$5% of the total lipid. Vitamin A was not detectable but vitamin E was found in mullet. Mullet had a higher degree of oxidation compared to other species. In Phase II, fresh mullet were wrapped in oxygen impermeable freezer paper or vacuum packaged and frozen at $-$20$\sp\circ$C, or were thermally processed. After 90 days of frozen storage, a second batch of mullet was thermally processed. Total lipid, phospholipid, vitamins A and E and oxidation were determined at 0, 90, 180 and 360 days of storage. TBA number increased by 9.42mg/1000 g after 360 days of frozen storage. Oxidation did not occur in canned fish. Fish canned at 90 days evidenced greater oxidation after canning but further oxidation during storage did not occur. Vacuum packaging inhibited oxidation to a significant degree. Phospholipid decreased in frozen fish to the greatest degree, followed by vacuum packaged samples. Loss of phospholipid in freshly canned mullet was small. In frozen canned mullet, the change was greater. Vitamin E level decreased during frozen storage from 0.69 mg/100 g to a trace amount and the loss was 38% as a result of canning. In Phase III a comparative effect of prefreezing dip treatment, use of antioxidants in the dip and oxygen limitation by vacuum packaging on the lipid composition of frozen stored blackdrum (Pogonius cromis) was studied. Analyses were made at 2 week interval during a 12 week storage period. Total lipid averaged 4% in all treatment samples and phospholipid was $<$5% of total lipids. The effectivness for the inhibition of oxidation in frozen blackdrum was 0.025% TBHQ (tert-butylhydroquinone) $>$ 1% and 0.5% $\alpha$-tocopherol $>$ water dip $>$ vacuum pack $>$ no dip treatment. Vitamin A was quantifiable but not Vitamin E. No significant change in Vitamin A content was observed in any …

The Development Of A Fetal Uterine Cell In Vitro Coculture System For Mammalian Embryos., Klaus Enrique Wiemer

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

In Experiment I, 125 two-pronuclear murine ova were cultured in either Ham's F-10 plus l5% human serum (HF-10h), on a monolayer of human uterine fibroblasts (HUC) or fetal bovine uterine fibroblasts (FBUC). After 96 hours in culture, 2.4% embryos in HF-10h were viable compared with 45.2% and 61% for embryos on HUC and FBUC, respectively. Results suggest that monolayers were advantageous to medium alone for culturing murine embryos. Experiment II was conducted to assess the development of 117 bovine embryos in HF-10 (Treatment A), on a monolayer of FBUC (Treatment B) or hormone-pretreated FBUC (Treatment C). Embryo viability assessed at …

Studies On The Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation Of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) And Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) With Antibacterial And High Essential Amino Acids Encoding Genes., Mehmet Selim Cetiner

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Tuber disks from four cultivars of Solanum tuberosum L. were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with B5 vitamins, 3.0% sucrose, 0.7% phytagar and ratios of indole-3-actyl-aspartic acid (IAAa) and zeatin riboside (ZR). No shoots were regenerated from Red LaSoda. Russet Burbank, Desiree, and LaBelle tuber disks produced shoots over a range of IAAa and ZR ratios. The greatest number of shoots was regenerated from Russet Burbank at 1 $\mu$M IAAa and 8 $\mu$M ZR. Different potato cultivars were also tested for their responses to Agrobacterium infections. Growth stage of the bacterial cultures and exposure duration of tuber …

Toxicity Of Permethrin To Procambarus Clarkii, And The Effects Of Permethrin-Induced Density Reduction And Supplemental Feeding On Stunted Crawfish Populations., Herman Henry Jarboe

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The acute toxicity of permethrin to red swamp crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) was evaluated in laboratory studies. The mean static acute 96-h LC50 of permethrin to red swamp crawfish 8-12 mm (0.017 g), 25-35 mm (0.64 g), 45-55 mm (2.45 g), and 65-75 mm total length (TL) (8.98 g) was 0.44, 0.85, 1.30, and 0.81 $\mu$g/L, respectively. Permethrin toxicity did not differ among immature male, mature male and female P. clarkii. Crawfish surviving permethrin exposure exhibited no differences in post-exposure growth, survival, maturity attainment, or the production of viable young when compared to non-exposed controls (P $>$ 0.2). At the …

Eugene Ogan's Review Of Raymond Goodman, Charles Lepani, And David Morawetz's The Economy Of Papua New Guinea: An Independent Review, Eugene Ogan

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Genetic Control Of Immune Responsiveness To The Avian Coccidium Eimeria Tenella, Robert Andrew Clare

Doctoral Dissertations

Specific inbred lines of chickens expressing different major histocompatibility (B) complex haplotypes were studied for their immunogenetic response to the avian coccidium Eimeria tenella and genetically-engineered antigens cloned from this parasite species. The relative influence of the B-F vs. B-G chromosomal regions on innnate resistance and immunity to E. tenella was studied among six B-F/B-G recombinant hosts. F$\sb1$ chicks of similar genotypes, $B\sp{\rm R3}$ and $B\sp{\rm R4} (B\sp{\rm F2-G23}B\sp{17}$), gained significantly more weight than those with $B\sp{\rm R1}(B\sp{\rm F24-G23}B\sp{17})$ and $B\sp{\rm R5} (B\sp{\rm F21-G19}B\sp{17})$ following exposure to a single high dose of 25,000 oocysts, although no differences in cecal lesion …

Investigations Into Bovine Luteolytic Mechanisms Utilizing A Long-Term Cell Culture System, Shari Jean Litch

Doctoral Dissertations

Luteal regression in the cow occurs every cycle in which pregnancy does not occur. The agent which induces luteolysis is a uterine prostaglandin, PGF$\sb{2\alpha}$, although the mechanism of its action remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mode of action of PGF$\sb{2\alpha}$ in a long-term, serum-free culture system of bovine luteal cells. Experiment I investigated the influence of LH and PGF$\sb{2\alpha}$ on 3$\beta$-HSD presence in cultured luteal cells. Total numbers of cells dropped slightly throughout the 8 day culture. Numbers of 3$\beta$-positive cells also dropped in all treatment groups. 3$\beta$-HSD was best maintained in the presence …

The Effects Of Endurance Exercise On Lipoproteins In Yucatan Miniature Swine, Arthur Francis Stucchi

Doctoral Dissertations

The effects of chronic, endurance exercise on the concentration of plasma lipids and on the composition and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins were examined in Yucatan miniature swine following more than two years of intensive exercise training. The exercise protocol employed produced significant training effects, as indicated by enhanced cardiovascular and aerobic capacities. Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were also significantly increased in the exercised group. Neither total plasma cholesterol nor triglycerides differed between the two groups. Total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) was not significantly greater in the exercised swine; however, exercise was associated with a shift in the …

Rowcover Modification Of Carbon And Mineral Nutrient Partitioning In Strawberry (Fragaria Ananassa, Duch), Karen Lynn Brownlee Gast

Doctoral Dissertations

In cool temperature climates where plant growth may be limited by short growing seasons and low temperature stress rowcovers are being used to increase production of fruit and vegetable crops. Two field experiments were conducted to investigate how floating rowcovers applied during autumn, winter and spring affect plant growth and development. The first experiment, 1985-86, examined mineral nutrient and biomass partitioning in a short-day cultivar, 'Sparkle', and a day-neutral cultivar, 'Fern', in rowcovered and nonrowcovered plants in autumn. The second experiment, 1986-87 examined carbon, nitrogen and biomass partitioning over time in autumn and in spring and development of yield components …

G88-864 Handling Internal Worm Parasitism In Sheep, Dale M. Grotelueschen, Don Ferguson, Ted Doane

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication acquaints the reader with methods of preventing, controlling, and treating parasitism in sheep.

Introduction

Parasites or worms affecting the digestive system are a severe health problem in sheep production. The economic losses from parasitism can be extensive, ranging from mortality or death loss to weight loss, reduced weight gain, reduced wool production, decreased milk yield resulting in lower lamb weights, poor reproductive performance, and the cost of medications and handling.

Coccidiosis, another costly intestinal parasite, but not caused by worm infestation, will be discussed briefly.

G88-883 Managing Of Disease To Produce Antibiotic/Residue Free Animal Food Products, Duane Rice, R. Gene White

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the use of antibiotics in animals, approved drugs and extra-label drugs, and ways to test for drug residue. Infectious diseases in livestock are costly, and prevention is the best approach to minimize such losses. Yet despite good management practices and extensive preventive measures, disease outbreaks do occur, and treatments become necessary. To obtain antibiotic residue-free products from food animals, knowledgeable decisions regarding the use of medications are necessary. It is important to realize that antibiotic treatments are used only to eliminate or shorten the duration of existing infections, or to prevent secondary bacterial infections. These infections may …

Physicochemical Properties Of Brown Rice As Influenced By Gamma-Irradiation, Variety And Storage., Veronica Castro Sabularse

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Effects of gamma-irradiation, variety and storage on physicochemical properties of brown rice from three Louisiana rice varieties: Mars, a medium grain variety, Lemont and Tebonnet, long grain varieties, were determined. Cooking time was significantly reduced in Mars and Lemont at doses of 200 and 300 Krads. Irradiation increased cooking rate, water uptake at 80$\sp\circ$C, water uptake ratios, total solids content in residual cooking liquid and starch damage from 100 to 300 Krad samples. Water uptake at 96$\sp\circ$C generally decreased with increasing dose levels. Evidence indicated alterations in the rice grain structure and composition. The component drastically affected by gamma-irradiation was …

Mastitis In Single And Multiple Trait Holstein Lines., Ricardo J. Vaamonde

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Cows diagnosed as having clinical mastitis and from two sire selection lines were compared to assess differences in somatic cell count scores, duration of clinical episode and number of antibiotic treatments applied. The effect of various environmental factors and type traits on somatic cell count score (SCCS) and on duration of episode was investigated and amount and cost of discarded milk was calculated. Data consisted of multiple observations on cows diagnosed as clinically infected at least once during a lactation. Single trait (ST) cows were daughters of sires selected based on predicted differences for milk. Multiple trait (MT) cows were …

Genetics Of Callus Formation And Plant Regeneration In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)., Qi Ren Chu

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Callus formation and plant regeneration rates for both immature panicle and anther culture of rice were studied in several populations, including parents, F$\sb1$, F$\sb2$, F$\sb3$, and backcrossed generations. Significant genotypic differences in regeneration and callus formation rates were observed. In immature panicle culture, F$\sb1$'s generally produced rates of regeneration close to their high parents. Generation mean analysis of regeneration rates revealed the importance of dominance effects (d) and epistatic effects (aa, ad, and dd) in immature panicle culture. In contrast, production of callus by 12 F$\sb1$ hybrids in another culture was closely related to the low parents, suggesting that suppression …

Effect Of Dietary Lipids And Cholesterol On Liver And Yolk Cholesterol Levels And Fatty Acid Composition Of Serum Cholesterol Esters In Laying Hens., Lincoln F. Berrio

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of various lipids on laying hen cholesterol metabolism. Hens of equal age and production status were used and housed in individual cages with individual feeders. Main responses measured were yolk, liver and serum cholesterol, and fatty acid composition of serum cholesterol esters. Preliminary results showed a significant linear yolk cholesterol increase on day 9 with 0, 0.5, and 1% dietary cholesterol. Added levels of up to 4% cholesterol for 21 days failed to significantly increase further yolk cholesterol. Serum cholesterol was unaffected. In six subsequent experiments, the following lipid comparisons were made …

Genetics Of Resistance To Reniform Nematode, Rotylenchulus Reniformis Linford And Oliveira, In Cotton, Gossypium Hirsutum L., Noor Muhammad

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Four Gossypium hirsutum L. lines (La. RN 910, Auburn 612 RNR, M 019-RNR, and 'Deltapine 41' (Dp 41)) were selected for a genetic study of their reaction to reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira, based on observed differences. Dp 41 (susceptible) was crossed to each of the three moderately resistant lines. F$\sb1$ generations were selfed and each was backcrossed to each of its parents. Estimates of mean gene effects and the three types of digenic epistatic effects affecting genetic variation of resistance to reniform were calculated using the generation means of P$\sb1$, P$\sb2$, F$\sb1$, F$\sb2$, P$\sb1$F$\sb1$, and P$\sb2$F$\sb1$. Six …

Estimation Of Additive And Nonadditive Direct And Maternal Genetic Effects For Reproductive Traits In Beef Cattle., Allen Richard Williams

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A total of 4,301 cow exposure records from a four generation rotational crossbreeding study were used to calculate least squares means and heterosis estimates and partition breed and heterotic genetic effects for calving rate (CR), calf survival (CS), weaning rate (WR), calf birth date (CBD) and percent assisted births (PA). Angus (A), Brahman (B), Charolais (C) and Hereford (H) breeds were involved in two-, three- and four-breed rotation systems with the restriction that each breed combination include B. Straightbreds were maintained as controls. Generation, year within generation, breed group of dam within generation and the linear and quadratic effects of …

Dynamic Headspace Sampling And Chromatographic And Mass Spectrometric Investigations Of Volatile Flavor Components In Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkii) Hepatopancreatic Tissue., Stephen S. Williams

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This analytical food flavor study concentrated on the development and application of improved analytical techniques to investigate volatile flavor components in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) hepatopancreatic tissue. This work consisted of four main parts. The first part dealt with the development of an improved dynamic headspace sampling procedure for the sampling and concentration of volatile flavor components in the headspace of high moisture foods. The second section described the successful application of this improved procedure for chromatographic and mass spectrometric investigation of dynamic headspace volatile flavor components of crayfish hepatopancreatic tissue. The third part discussed the quantitative determination of these volatile …

Bioenergetics Of Red Swamp Crawfish (Procambarus Clarkii) And White River Crawfish (Procambarus Acutus Acutus) In Cultivated, Noncultivated And Wooded Ponds In South Louisiana., Mattana Sanguanruang

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Stomach content analysis and stable carbon isotope ratios were used to determine diet and food assimilation of red swamp crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) and white river crawfish (Procambarus acutus acutus) in three types of commercial ponds. Crawfish stomachs contained largely macrophytes, detritus and leaf litter, and to a lesser extent aquatic insects and zooplankton. Food habits of P. clarkii and P. acutus acutus were similar, but P. acutus acutus consumed more animal material than did P. clarkii. Food habits were similar among different sizes of P. clarkii and P. acutus acutus. Seasonal stable carbon isotope ratios ($\delta\sp{13}$C) of P. clarkii and …

Biotechnology & Plant Agriculture: "Steps In Developing A New Product", Kevin G. Mallon

Theses

Unavailable.

In Vitro Culture Of Zea Mays Tassels And Viable Pollen Production, Dayakar Reddy Pareddy

Digitized Theses

Studies on the in vitro culture of immature tassels of Zea mays are reported. These include, the development of a suitable medium and appropriate physical conditions which allow meiosis, microsporogenesis and pollen maturation to occur in cultured cv. Oh43 tassels, and some physiological and nutritional aspects. Sucrose served mainly as an energy source and not as an osmoticum for cultured tassels during the first 15 d. After 15 d of culture, tassels were shown to become "autotrophic" though sucrose seemed to be necessary for differentiation of normal spikelets.;Most single amino acid additions were either ineffective or inhibitory, though arginine, lysine, …

G87-849 Vaccinations In Sheep Flocks, Dale M. Grotelueschen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

High economic return per dollar invested can result from proper flock health management. Vaccinations are part of health management.

A preventive health program in modern sheep production systems is advisable. High economic return per dollar invested can result from proper flock health management. Health management is much more than a vaccination program. Vaccinations themselves are considered for a variety of reasons. These include disease risk management and strict prevention. Vaccinations may also be indicated in situations where management practices other than vaccine administration do not produce optimum health or economic benefits.

It is not feasible to outline one vaccination program …

Management Of Rhizoctonia Aerial Blight Of Soybean And Biology Of Sclerotia Of Rhizoctonia Solani Kuhn (Louisiana)., Gary Fischer Joye

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Rhizoctonia Aerial Blight (RAB) has caused severe damage on susceptible soybean cultivars throughout the southern soybean growing areas in Louisiana and the southeastern United States. During the 1983, 1984, and 1985 growing seasons, several greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to determine the influence of cultural practices (row spacings, plant populations, potassium fertilizer rates, and fungicide treatments) on RAB. A row spacing of 25 cm resulted in higher yields than row spacings of 50, 75, or 100 cm, regardless of disease rating. After the crop canopy had reached its maximum density, disease ratings were not significantly different between row spacings …

Estimation Of Direct And Maternal Additive And Heterotic Genetic Effects For Preweaning Traits In Beef Cattle., Chi Lawrence Tawah

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Progency records from 4 generations of a rotational crossbreeding experiment were fitted to a regression equation to obtain estimates of direct and maternal additive (Ig, Mg) and heterotic (Ih, Mh) genetic effects of preweaning traits for Angus (A), Brahman (B), Charolais (C), Hereford (H) breeds and their combinations. These estimates were fitted to prediction equations to compare preweaning performance of breed groups under different mating systems. Heterosis estimates were used to compute expected heterosis for each rotational cross. The C had the largest Ig estimate for BWT (5.2 kg), ADG (.074 kg/d) and WWT (22.1 kg) while H had the …

Studies On The Protein Changes In Skeletal Muscles Of Gulf Coast Finfish Species Associated With Frozen Storage, Formaldehyde Addition And Freeze-Thawing Cycles., Myrna O. Nisperos-Carriedo

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The effects of frozen storage, formaldehyde addition and freeze-thawing cycles were determined using three finfish species from the Gulf of Mexico, spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), black drum (Pogonias cromis) and mullet (Mugil cephalus). Frozen storage of spotted seatrout fillets at $-20\sp\circ$C for 6 weeks led to reductions in pH, water-binding capacity and solubility of salt-extractable proteins. SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic examination of the salt-extractable proteins showed that as time of storage increased, aggregation of high-molecular weight components occurred. The addition of 300 ppm formaldehyde prior to frozen storage did not produce significant changes. However, muscles containing 500 ppm formaldehyde showed decreases …

Development Of Wash And Cook-Proof Methods For Rice Enrichment., Esmond Winston Joseph

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Rice grains were simultaneously enriched with vitamin (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and pyridoxine) mixes and cross-linked under acidic and alkali conditions using acetaldehyde and epichlorohydrin, respectively. Results indicated that acidic cross-linked rices had higher vitamin contents than corresponding alkali cross-linked rices. Acidic rices were also shown to be more successful in allowing the vitamin mixes to penetrate the surface of rice grains and to subsequently interact with and become an integral part of rice starch matrix. These acidic enriched rices had higher individual vitamin values of greater than 100% at the 3 gram level than both the control (untreated rice grains) …

Malaysian Prawn (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii) Production Studies In Polyculture Schemes With Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus)., Mark Steven Lamon

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Three Malaysian prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)/channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) polyculture studies were conducted from May 1984 through October 1986. In the first study prawn stocking size and density on catfish and prawn production were examined. In 1984 catfish, x = 24 g, were stocked at 9,884/ha. Prawns, x = 0.04 g, were stocked at 4,942, 9,884 and 14,826/ha. After 144 days catfish average weights, survival and yields were $<$340 g, $<$78% and $<$2,000 kg/ha, respectively. Prawn weight, survival and yields ranged from 34-54 g, 47-61% and 165-344 kg/ha, respectively. In 1985 catfish, x = 33 g, were stocked at 7,410/ha and prawns, x = 0.15 and 0.70 g, were stocked at 1984 densities. After 137 days catfish average weight, survival and yields were 427 g, 86% and 2,726 kg/ha, respectively. Prawn weight, survival and yields ranged from 48-73 g, 41-88% and 110-471 kg/ha, respectively. Positive economic net returns were achieved with 0.15 g prawns stocked at 14,826/ha and 0.70 g prawns stocked at 9,884 or 14,826/ha. In a second study prawn bottom location preference and movement were determined in ponds. Males were more frequently observed in the deep ends of ponds and near the ponds' perimeters, and females were observed more frequently in the shallow ends and in the middles of ponds. Prawn movement did not differ between day and night, averaging 1.1 m/hr. Two-funnel crawfish traps and box traps with slit entrances, 12 and 24 hr set times, and white light and commercial crawfish bait attractants were evaluated for capturing prawns. Traps were not effective at capturing prawns regardless of set time or attractant. In the third study catfish and prawn mean lengths and weights from cast-netted and seined samples were compared to a complete population census taken after 48, 92 and 139 days of growth. Ponds were stocked with catfish at 7,410/ha and prawns at 1984 study levels. Cast-netted samples under-estimated and seined samples over-estimated catfish size. Cast-netted and seined sample prawn means did not differ from each other or population parameters. Catfish and prawn size variation increased over time. Catfish and prawn survival decreased during the first 48 days and then remained constant throughout the rest of the grow-out period.

Characteristics Of Rumen Fluid And Particulate Microorganisms And The Effect Of Particulate Microorganisms On In Situ Forage Digestibility., John Adeoye Olubobokun

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The effect of diet and time after feeding on microbial crude protein (CP) and dry matter (DM) associated with undigested rumen particles was investigated using diaminopimelic acid (DAPA) as a microbial marker. In a subsequent experiment, in situ CP and DM digestibilities were corrected for microbial contamination of non-masticated and masticated (M) forages. Particle-associated (PA) microorganisms had a higher (P $<$.01) concentration of organic matter (OM) than fluid microorganisms 2 and 23 h after feeding. Bacterial fraction had a higher (P $<$.01) concentration of CP than protozoal fraction. However, the quantity of OM, CP and DAPA per ml of strained rumen fluid equivalent were higher (P $<$.01) in the protozoal than in respective bacterial fractions. In experiment two, CP and DAPA concentrations (%) and quantity (mg/ml SRFE) of OM, CP and DAPA were constant over time (P $>$.10) in fluid, loosely-associated (LA) and firmly-associated (FA) populations. Mean CP and DAPA concentrations were in the order fluid $>$ LA $>$ FA and fluid = FA $$ fluid (P =.07). Over 50% of the PA population …

Cooking Temperature And Antioxidants As Processing Variables Affecting The Flavor And Textural Stability Of Restructured Beef Roasts., Genaro Cortes Arganosa

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The effects of cooking temperature, refrigerated storage, and the presence of sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) and soy protein isolate (SPI) on the development of warmed-over flavor (WOF) in restructured beef roasts were studied. In Phase 1, restructured beef roasts were cooked in a water bath at temperatures of 70, 85 and 100$\sp\circ$C. In Phase 2, four types of roasts containing all combinations of STP and SPI were cooked in a water bath at 70 and 100$\sp\circ$C. The cooked roasts in both phases were then stored at 4$\sp\circ$C for 0 and 3 days. Higher cooking temperatures and longer storage periods tended to …