Digital Commons Network^™

Agriculture Western Australia's Centre For Cropping Systems - Northam, Agriculture Western Australia

Grain and other field crops published reports

Agriculture Western Australia's Centre for Cropping Systems in York Road, Northam, was established as a centre of excellence for research, development and extension into cropping systems.

Its role is to stimulate the contribution of ideas from individuals, groups and organisations with an interest in research, development, and extension relating to innovative, profitable and sustainable crop-based farming systems.

The Centre for Cropping Systems is part of a regional network with strong links to Agriculture Western Australia's Crop Improvement Institute based at South Perth, the Dryland Research Institute at Merredin and the Avondale Research Fann at Beverley. It also links with universities …

Perceptions Of Students And Teachers Regarding Agriculture In Leflore County, Mississippi, Ronald L. Howard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of public high school teachers and students in Leflore County, Mississippi regarding agriculture and provide baseline data regarding the perception of high school students and teachers residing in an agriculturally dependent county with no agricultural education program. A population of 240 high school teachers and students was surveyed for their perceptions regarding agriculture. All three public high schools in Leflore County were represented in this study. Over 65% of the sample resided in the city, while only 3% live on a farm. The major finding of this study was that …

Abstracts Of Papers, 77th Annual Meeting Of The Virginia Academy Of Science, May 26-28, 1999, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia

Virginia Journal of Science

This document is a list of abstracts presented at the 77th annual meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science, between May 26 and May 28th, 1999, at Old Dominion University.

Environmental Lessons From Our Pioneer Heritage, Terry B. Ball, Jack D. Brotherson

BYU Studies

The efforts of the pioneers and their posterity to correct their mistakes in agricultural and ranching practices set an example for us today.

What Kind Of World Do We Want?, V Kurien

IIMB Management Review

Let the market resolve it' is India's new mantra, ever since globalisation and liberalisation ushered in a new economy, and with it, a new philosophy. Our bureaucrats have shifted from the jargon of doctrinaire socialism to the far more glamorous jargon of the bornagain capitalist. But is the market really as omniscient and just as we have begun to believe it is? The market has operated for most of this century in a world where poverty, hunger, disease and need are endemic; a world poised on the precipice of war, civil disorder and anarchy. Padma Vibhushan V Kurien, India's milkman …

Nf99-401 Nebraska Competitive Livestock Markets Act, J. David Aiken

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact offers the text of the Nebraska Competitive Livestock Markets Act.

Western Australian Agriculture - Key Achievements 1998 - 1999, Agriculture Western Australia

Farm Systems and Economics published reports

During 1998/99 Western Australia's agricultural industries continued to build on an enviable international reputation for a professional approach to business and a proven track record in producing and supplying food and fibre products of consistently high ·quality.

A global increase in demand for food and fibre, changing consumer behaviour, and further world trade liberalisation offer great challenges and opportunities for the export of Western Australian agricultural produce. Agriculture Western Australia has responded to these changes with increased emphasis on quality assurance and supply chain management to focus on specific consumer and end-user requirements, and to improve alliances between producers, processors …

Don’T Fence Me In -- Appllication Of The Unlawful Inclosures Of Public Lands Act To Benefit Wildlife, Chandra Rosenthal, Kara Gillon

Animal Law Review

The Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service manage millions of acres of public land across the United States. Most of this land seres more than one purpose-grazing, mining, recreation, timber, wildlife-and thus must remain available for these uses. Historically, the Unlaujul Inclosures Act (UIA) preserved access for ranchers and homesteaders. More recently, the UIA has also protected access for wildlife whose movements are impeded by fences or other illegal obstructions. This article argues that such protection should be extended to the Sonoran pronghorn antelope in the southnwestern United States.

Reduction Of Endogenous Bacteria Associated With Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Fillets Using The Grovac Process., Milton Ruben Ramos

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Fresh catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fillets (CF) can serve as vehicles for spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Concern for the microbiological safety of chilled CF has grown lately because psychrotrophic pathogens can survive and grow at refrigeration temperatures. The Grovac method, a new, patented (U.S. 5,543,163) process is being used in an attempt to reduce the growth of pathogens and spoilage microorganisms in CF. This process involves the using of a process solution of ascorbic acid (AA) and sodium chloride (NaCl), vacuum and tumbling. Specific objectives of this study included the isolation and identification of endogenous microflora associated with fresh whole catfish …

Sire Selection And Mating Practices In United States Dairy Herd Improvement Association Holstein Herds., Asiye Yilmaz

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Over two million Holstein mating records was used to investigate selection and mating practices. Population statistics revealed non-random mating and selection. Herd production level was associated with higher breeding value sires and price paid per unit of semen. The decision to use an Artificial Insemination (AI) sire or natural service sire was studied and a discriminant function was derived that accurately categorized matings in a test data set of 117,000 observations, with an error rate less than 2.5 percent. Discriminating variables were herd production level, lactation number, service number, breeding month, cow status code, and days in milk at breeding. …

Social And Economic Data For Regional And Natural Resource Management In Western Australia's South West Catchment : Results Of The 2006 Landholder Survey, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia, South West Catchments Council (W.A.), Michael Hanslip, Australia. Bureau Of Rural Sciences.

All other publications

This report presents a summary of the key findings from a mailed survey to 2,000 landholders in the South West Region of Western Australia in 2006. The survey gathered information on the key social and economic factors affecting landholder decision-making about the adoption of practices expected to improve the management of natural resources in the region. The response rate for the survey was 69.4%.

The South West Catchment Council, Western Australian Department of Agriculture and Food and the Bureau of Rural Sciences were key project partners. Funding was from a mix of national, state and regional programmes, including the Natural …

Increased Nutritional Value And Oxidative Stability Of Restructured Beef Roasts With Purified Extracts From Rice Bran., Joo-Shin Kim

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The effects of semi-purified extracts of rice bran were studied in restructured beef roasts to increase nutritional value and oxidative stability. Crude rice bran oil at 0, 1, and 2% (w/w) was added to restructured beef roasts that were stored at 4°C and analyzed at 0, 7, and 14 d. Saturated fatty acid to unsaturated fatty acid (SFA/UFA) ratio decreased, vitamin E vitamers increased (p < 0.05), and cholesterol decreased in the beef roasts with rice bran oil. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) numbers were lower (p < 0.05) in the beef roasts with rice bran oil after 7 days of storage and the cholesterol oxidation product, 7-ketocholesterol, decreased in a similar manner. The addition of 2% rice bran oil (RBO) was effective in increasing nutritional value and reducing the level of oxidative degradation. Beef roasts containing either rice fiber (RF) or RF/RBO had higher oxidative stability (p < 0.05) during storage (0, 4, and 8 d) compared to control roasts, with no additive. TBARs value and 7-ketocholesterol of beef roasts with RF and RF/RBO were lower (p < 0.05) than those of the control during storage. SFA/UFA ratio was significantly reduced in beef roasts with additives, whereas vitamin E vitamers and UFA were higher (p < 0.05) in the roasts with RF/RBO. Beef roasts containing RF and RBO were acceptable to consumers in sensory attributes. Cholesterol autoxidation was examined in an aqueous meat model system with different levels of nonsaponifiable fraction from rice bran (0, 700, 1400, and 2100 ppm). The effect of nonsaponifiable fraction was determined at 4 h intervals for 16 h at pH 5.5 and 80°C. Increased oxidation time reduced (p < 0.05) total vitamin E vitamers and cholesterol concentration. Oryzanol was not significantly reduced with the 2100 ppm treatment after 4 h cholesterol oxidation. An increase in the nonsaponifiable fraction resulted in a decrease (p < 0.05) in the formation of 7-ketocholesterol. The highest level of additive (2100 ppm) was the most effective in inhibiting cholesterol autoxidation; the order of inhibition was 91.7% (2100 ppm) > 81.8% (1400 ppm) > 63.1% (700 ppm).

Development Of Monoclonal Antibody And Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent For Detection Of Off -Flavor Compound 2-Methylisoborneol., Eun Sung Park

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

2-Methylisoborneol (MIB), a secondary metabolite of cyanobacteria and fungi, causes earthy-musty taste and odor. This is a significant problem in the aquaculture industry and large scale water supplies. Especially it is a major problem for the channel catfish industry. To monitor the levels of this compound for quality control and abatement, rapid, sensitive and inexpensive methods are needed. This research reports the development of an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for MIB using monoclonal antibodies. For the preparation of monoclonal antibodies against MIB, MIB-Limulus polyphemus hemocyanin (LPH) and borneol-LPH were synthesized as an immunogen. Borneol-bovine serum albumin (BSA), isoborneol-BSA, …

Toxicity Of Neem-Based Insecticides On Aquatic Animals And Cell Lines., Ipek Goktepe

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The impact of pure azadirachtin (AZA) and neem-based insecticides (Neemix(TM) and Bioneem(TM)) on eight aquatic animals (crayfish, white shrimp, grass shrimp, blue crab, water fleas, oyster, freshwater snails, and mosquito) and two cells (hybridoma and oyster) were assessed by short term acute toxicity tests of 48 and 96 h. The LC50 (in vivo bioassays) and IC50 (in vitro bioassays) were determined for each species. Stability of (Neemix(TM) and Bioneem(TM)) was tested under light, air, and heat (24 and 37°C) for 1, 3, 6, and 9 days. Neemix(TM) and Bioneem(TM)) were fractionated into two fractions (volatiles and nonvolatiles) and toxicities of …

Development Of Efficient Rice Dna Transformation Methods And Rapid Evaluation Of Transgenic Lines., Junda Jiang

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A rapid and efficient method was developed for production and field evaluation of transgenic herbicide resistant elite U.S. rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines and cultivars. Six elite U.S. rice lines, including the cultivar Cocodrie, were transformed for glufosinate (phosphinothricin) herbicide resistance by particle bombardment of mature seed-derived embryogenic calli with a synthetic pat gene or the bar gene from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. By utilizing optimized media for embryogenic callus induction and bialaphos or hygromycin B as a selection agent, 258 independent transformed calli, producing 1268 transgenic plants, were recovered from 5201 bombarded calli. Transformation efficiency ranged from 5% for breeding line …

Cryopreservation Of Gametes And Larvae Of The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica., Carmen G. Paniagua-Chavez

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Storage of gametes and larvae offers benefits for research and commercial oyster production and should be applicable in the hatchery at a commercial scale. We optimized refrigerated storage of eastern oyster sperm. Significant differences were found in the motility of sperm suspended in artificial sea water (ASW) of different osmotic pressures (P < 0.001). The highest motility was found in undiluted sperm and the lowest in 1:31 dilution. The greatest larval survival at 12 h (48%) was obtained with sperm diluted in calcium-free Hanks' balanced salt solution (C-F HBSS). Thus, for storage of longer than 1 d, it is best to leave samples undiluted. However, when sperm samples are diluted, it is best to maintain high sperm concentrations and to use C-F HBSS as an extender. Samples were frozen at -2.5°C/min, held for 5 min at -30°C, and plunged in liquid nitrogen using 10% propylene glycol (PG) as the cryoprotectant for sperm and 10% or 15% PG for trochophore larvae. Motility and fertilizing ability of thawed sperm were affected by cryoprotectant concentration and thawing temperature (P = 0.0001). Larval survival was affected by the concentration of larvae per straw (P = 0.0011). Frozen samples were transported to an oyster hatchery at Grand Isle, Louisiana. After 4 months, 1,000 oysters from the control group, 230 oysters produced from thawed sperm, and 850 oysters from thawed larvae were found. Oysters produced from thawed larvae developed normally in the hatchery, demonstrating opportunities for use of cryopreservation in research and aquaculture. Flow cytometry with the fluorescent dyes Sybr-14 and propidium iodide (PI) was used to assess membrane damage of thawed sperm, and rhodamine 123 and PI were used to assess mitochondrial function. Preliminary studies of cryopreservation of oyster eggs were performed. Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) was used to identify viable eggs. Dimethyl sulfoxide (0.88 M and 1.75 M) and sucrose (0.12 M and 0.25 M) were the least toxic cryoprotectants evaluated. The cooling rate yielding least damage to eggs was -1.5°C per min. However, only an average of 14 eggs (out of 200) were stained with FDA in thawed samples and none were fertilizable.

The Effects Of Rumen Undegradable Choline In The Nutrition And Metabolism Of Dairy Cows., Fernando Vazquez

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This study was conducted to determine whether supplemental rumen protected choline could improve lactation performance and lipid metabolism in cows in negative energy balance. In experiment 1, 19 primiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned to dietary treatments consisting of either a control ration or control plus 15 g/d of supplemental rumen-protected choline (60 g/d of Cap-Shure, Balchem Corp., Slate Hill, NY). Close-up and early lactation rations were formulated from a grass hay and corn silage forage base, respectively, with a corn-soy concentrate, whole cottonseed. and alfalfa hay included as appropriate to meet nutrient requirements. Cows were milked twice daily. Cows …

The Potential Of High Oryzanol Rice Bran Oil As An Antioxidant In Whole Milk Powder., Jackin Njagi Nanua

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Lipid autoxidation of whole milk powder (WMP) during storage lowers its organoleptic quality and causes accumulation of oxidation products. This study evaluated the effectiveness of high-oryzanol (2.5%) rice bran oil (RBO) as an antioxidant in WMP. The powder was fortified with 0.1% and 0.2% RBO and its oxidation studied during accelerated storage at 45°C and 0.31 water activity for 40 days. Free radicals were determined by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Oxidation was estimated by determining thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and cholesterol oxidation products using gas chromatography. The effect of RBO on flavor and consumer preference of freshly manufactured milk …

Effects Of Winter Burning And Structural Marsh Management On Bird And Plant Communities Of The Gulf Coast Chenier Plain., Steven Walter Gabrey

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Many Gulf Coast Chenier Plain marshes are managed through a combination of winter burning and structural marsh management (SMM) to improve habitats for waterfowl and furbearers and reduce wetland loss. These practices are controversial because of concerns regarding ability to achieve goals coupled with potential negative effects on other marsh processes or organisms. I investigated the effects of winter burning and SMM on bird and plant communities of Chenier Plain marshes in southwest Louisiana. I recorded bird and plant species abundance and vegetation structure in experimental burned and unburned marshes over two winters and three breeding seasons. Vegetation structure (visual …

In Vivo And In Vitro Stimulation Of Murine Splenocytes With Brevetoxin-2 Immunogenic Conjugates For The Preparation Of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Ciguatoxin-Related Compounds., Sonia Edith Guzman Perez

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The proliferation of toxic algae is a natural phenomenon known as a harmful algal bloom. Ciguatera fish poisoning and neurotoxic fish poisoning are syndromes associated with this phenomenon. Current methods for the detection of their toxins (ciguatoxins and brevetoxins) are expensive, time-consuming, require trained personnel and special laboratory equipment. In the case of ciguatoxins, the lack of standard material worsens the problem. Specific objectives of this study included the use of brevetoxin-2 (PbTx-2) for the preparation of antibodies which could cross-react with ciguatoxins, the use of different PbTx-2 immunogenic conjugates, the use of in vivo versus in vitro stimulation of …

Development Of Immunochemical Methods For Gossypol Analysis., Xi Wang

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Gossypol is a reactive polyphenolic compound present in the cotton plant. During cottonseed processing, gossypol can react with other compounds to form bound gossypol. Gossypol analyses using chemical methods do not always agree with its bioavailability to animal possibly because of various bound forms of gossypol with different stabilities in vivo and the (+/-)-gossypol enantiomers with different biological activities. The objectives of this research were to produce anti-gossypol antibodies and use antibodies to study gossypol chemistry and to analyze gossypol in cottonseed samples and cottonseed by-products. Polyclonal antibodies were produced from rabbits after they were immunized with gossypol-LPH (Limulus polyphemus …

Isolation Of Antimutagenic Compounds In Corn And Cottonseed., Henry Njapau

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Food, which ensures the sustenance of life, has also been implicated in the development or prevention of numerous diseases including cancer. Cancer may be a result of hereditary factors or genomic instability induced by DNA damage, from the intrinsic chemistry of cells or extrinsic factors like aflatoxin B1. Aflatoxin B1, produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, is a common contaminant of corn and cottonseed and a proven mutagen and animal carcinogen. Increased scientific knowledge and establishment of regulation have reduced but not eliminated exposure to aflatoxin B1. Complete elimination may be uneconomical for producers and may deprive consumers of …

Sire Differences For Growth And Carcass Traits Of Purebred Brahman Steers., Trent Smith

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Purebred Brahman steers (n = 169) sired by 23 Gray and 8 Red Brahman bulls were evaluated for postweaning growth and carcass traits. Spring-born paternal half-sib male calves were purchased from private producers at weaning, backgrounded, and grazed on ryegrass for an average of 161 d. Following grazing, the steers were shipped to a commercial feedlot in south Texas for feeding. Steers were slaughtered in groups of about 45 head when they reached an approximate average endpoint weight of 530 kg and 1 cm backfat. All carcasses were subjected to high voltage electrical stimulation during slaughter. After a 24 hr …

Experimental Mammalian Predator Removal And Other Factors Affecting Dabbling Duck Reproduction In North Dakota., Pamela Renee Garrettson

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

In the prairie pothole region, high predation rates often reduce duck nest success below the 15--20% thought necessary for population stability. Lethal removal of mammalian predators of duck nests is one potential management option, but there is little reliable information about the effects on nest success of removing mammalian predators without using poisons. On 16 4,150-ha blocks, half of them trapped during spring and summer, I found higher ( P < 0.001) nest success on trapped sites (45%) than on untrapped sites (17%). There were no year (P = 0.296), year-treatment (P = 0.423), or species-treatment (P > 0.895) effects. Nest success of blue-winged teal (Anas discors) and gadwalls (A. strepera) was higher than that of mallards ( A. platyrhynchos) and pintails (A. acuta, P = 0.028) on …

Risks For Children In Agriculture, Jill Webster

All Current Publications

Nationally, an estimated 300 boys and girls under 20 years of age die each year in farming accidents nationally. In fact, children under 16 years old account for 20% of farm fatalities in the U.S.

Horse Safety It's Just Good Sense"", Jill Webster

All Current Publications

Utahns experience more horse injuries than any other states in the west.

0438-Spanish Analysis Of The 1998 Statewide Ballot Proposals, Colorado Legislative Council

All Publications (Colorado Legislative Council)

No abstract provided.

Ec98-755 Farm*A*Syst Nebraska’S System For Assessing Water Contamination Risk Fact Sheet 13: Improving Milking Center Effluent Treatment, Robert Grisso, Delynn Hay, Paul J. Jasa, Richard K. Koelsch, Sharon Skipton, Wayne Woldt

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Effluent from the dairy milking center, including discharges from the milking parlor (manure, feed solids, hoof dirt) and milkhouse (bulk tank and pipeline rinse water and detergent used in cleaning), is commonly disposed of in a variety of ways. Milking center effluent offers several unique challenges due to the presence of: 1. Large volumes of contaminated water which can overwhelm soil absorption systems. 2. Milk solids and fats and manure solids which plug many systems. 3. Cleaning sanitizers which reduce bacterial breakdown of solids. When these systems fail, effluent will become a risk to surface and groundwater quality.

Ec98-762 Farm*A*Syst Nebraska’S System For Assessing Water Contamination Fact Sheet 6: Improving Petroleum Product Storage, Robert Grisso, Delynn Hay, Paul J. Jasa, Richard K. Koelsch, Sharon Skipton, Wayne Woldt

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Petroleum product storage is an area of great concern for groundwater safety. It’s not uncommon for fuel to leak into aquifers and pollute the drinking water of a family or even a community, and it can be very costly for the landowner. Petroleum product storage is regulated by laws regarding fire safety and air quality as well. Therefore, petroleum product storage must be evaluated from various perspectives. This factsheet examines some important aspects of petroleum product storage: where the tank is located on your property, the type of tank, how to monitor the tank, reduction of losses from aboveground tanks, …

Land Use Conflicts On The Urban Fringe: Causes And Potential Resolution, 1998, James C. Hite 1941-

Publications

No abstract provided.