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2026

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Effect Of Octane Number On Performance And Exhaust Emissions Of An Si Engine, Noor Athafah, Adei Salih Aug 2026

Effect Of Octane Number On Performance And Exhaust Emissions Of An Si Engine, Noor Athafah, Adei Salih

Engineering and Technology Journal

Spark ignition engines are very popular engines that they are running millions of vehicles all over the world. This engine emits many harmful pollutants, such as CO, UHC, and NOX. In this paper, the impact of gasoline octane number on the engine performance and exhaust emissions was studied. In the tests, four-cylinder, four-stroke engine, and two variable octane numbers (RON83 and 94.5) were used. The engine was run at different engine speeds and loads. The results from the experimental study indicated that the brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) of RON94.5 was higher than RON83 by 13.93%, while the brake thermal …

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Effect Of Pre-Tension On The Springback Behavior Of The Yellow Brass, Anwar Zabon, Aseel Abed Aug 2026

Effect Of Pre-Tension On The Springback Behavior Of The Yellow Brass, Anwar Zabon, Aseel Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Springback forecasting of sheet formation is constantly remarkable problem in the métier, due to their influence the great in the definitive shape of the product. Study presents effects of pretension in tow rolling direction (0, 45 degree) on the springback behavior of the (Brass 65-35) sheet under V-die bending by an experimental. The pretension ranges from five different pretensions levels starting from 11% to 55% from total strain in each rolling direction by increment of 11%. used in punching that was performed at a constant deformation velocity of (5 mm/min) then bent on a 90° V-shaped die for the springback …

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Experimental Investigation Of Combined Effect Of Particle Size And Stability Of Al2o3-H2o Nanofluid On Heat Transfer Augmentation Through Horizontal Pipe, Abdulhassan Karamallah, Hayder Abed Aug 2026

Experimental Investigation Of Combined Effect Of Particle Size And Stability Of Al2o3-H2o Nanofluid On Heat Transfer Augmentation Through Horizontal Pipe, Abdulhassan Karamallah, Hayder Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The stability of nanofluid plays a rule in heat transfer growth for different engineering systems. The stability and particle size of Al2O3-H2O nanofluid effects on heat transfer are studied experimentally. Two particle sizes (20 and 50 nm) with (0.1, 0.5 and 1%) concentrations were prepared and tested under constant heat flux (1404 W) with fully developed turbulent flow through a horizontal pipe. The results show an increase in Nusselt number by 20.7% and 17.6% with 1 vol.% concentration for 20 and 50 nm, respectively compared to distilled water. Examined nanofluid showed improvement in Nu number by (30.3 and 23.5) % …

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Improve The Surface Characteristics Of The Electric Discharge Machining Employing A Method Burnishing Process, Shukry Aghdeab, Ahmed Abdulameer, Ahmed Abdulwahhab, Majid Ismiel Ismiel Aug 2026

Improve The Surface Characteristics Of The Electric Discharge Machining Employing A Method Burnishing Process, Shukry Aghdeab, Ahmed Abdulameer, Ahmed Abdulwahhab, Majid Ismiel Ismiel

Engineering and Technology Journal

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) applies the concept of material eradication by utilizing electric spark erosion. The target of this exploration concentrates to examine the ideal procedure parameters of EDM on Aluminum 6061-T6as a workpiece with copper as a tool electrode. The effect of various process operators 'on machining rendering was examined. Internal factors with current (10, 20, 30) Ampere, pulse on time (50, 100, 150) μs was used after which takes pulse off time (25, 50, 75) μs. All parameters applied for empirical acts with influence on Ra (surface roughness ). The result showed that MRR" Material Removal Rate” is …

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Optimizing Of Coating Layers Parameters Of (Nano Hydroxyapatite/Tio2 Nps) On Nitinol Smas By Electrophoretic Deposition, Riyam Rawdan, Makarim Abdulkareem, Ali Mustafa Aug 2026

Optimizing Of Coating Layers Parameters Of (Nano Hydroxyapatite/Tio2 Nps) On Nitinol Smas By Electrophoretic Deposition, Riyam Rawdan, Makarim Abdulkareem, Ali Mustafa

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to obtain the optimal variable for depositing (HA, TiO2 and Composite) Nanomaterial on NiTi SMAs. Taguchi approach (with L9 array) was used to obtain the optimal conditions for coating produced by Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) techniques. The deposition process was done in different conditions (voltage, time, concentration and degree of grinding). Voltages were used (20, 40 and 60) volts, the time is (2, 4 and 6) min, the degree of the surface roughness (180, 500 and 1200) μm while the concentration of HA and TiO2 are (2, 4, and 6) g/L for each one. Chitosan (biopolymer) was used …

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Experimental Investigation Of The Influence Of Adding Alumina To Diesel Fuel On The Engine Performance And Emission Characteristics, Sadiq Bunyan, Abed Al-Khadim Hassan Aug 2026

Experimental Investigation Of The Influence Of Adding Alumina To Diesel Fuel On The Engine Performance And Emission Characteristics, Sadiq Bunyan, Abed Al-Khadim Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present experimental work is conducted to examine the influence of adding Alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles to diesel fuel on the characteristic of the emissions and engine performance. The size of nanoparticles which have been added to diesel fuel to obtain nano-fuel is 20 nm. Three doses of Aluminum oxide were prepared (25, 50 and 100) ppm. The nanoparticles mixed with fuel by mechanical homogenous (manual electrical mixer) and ultrasonic processor. The study reveals that the adding of Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) to gas oil (Al2O3+DF) enhances the physical properties of fuel. Also, the adding of (Al2O3) reduce CO emissions by 20.5%, …

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Hydrogeological And Hydro Chemical Evaluation Of Groundwater In Karbala Region Using Geographic Information System (Gis), Marwa Hussein, Imzahim Alwan, Tariq Hussain Aug 2026

Hydrogeological And Hydro Chemical Evaluation Of Groundwater In Karbala Region Using Geographic Information System (Gis), Marwa Hussein, Imzahim Alwan, Tariq Hussain

Engineering and Technology Journal

The study area is located in the holy governorate of Karbala, Iraq; the research studied a predictive mathematical model of groundwater within Dibdiba Formation and by fifty (50) wells distributed randomly within the boundaries of the study area, all of them fall within the unconfined aquifer. Likewise, there is no component to direct the activity of these wells, where a mathematical model for the study area has been developed using the groundwater system modeling program (GMS v.10). The area was divided into a grid where the dimensions of a single cell ranged from 250m×250m. The model of the steady flow …

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Random Forest (Rf) And Artificial Neural Network (Ann) Algorithms For Lulc Mapping, Tay Shihab, Amjed Al-Hameedawi, Ammar Hamza Aug 2026

Random Forest (Rf) And Artificial Neural Network (Ann) Algorithms For Lulc Mapping, Tay Shihab, Amjed Al-Hameedawi, Ammar Hamza

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper to make use of complementary potential in the mapping of LULC spatial data is acquired from LandSat 8 OLI sensor images are taken in 2019. They have been rectified, enhanced and then classified according to Random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods. Optical remote sensing images have been used to get information on the status of LULC classification, and extraction details. The classification of both satellite image types is used to extract features and to analyse LULC of the study area. The results of the classification showed that the artificial neural network method outperforms the …

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Preparation And Characterization Of Polymer Blend And Nano Composite Materials Based On Pmma Used For Bone Tissue Regeneration, Sally Kadhum Alsaedi, Sihama Salih, Fadhil Hashim Aug 2026

Preparation And Characterization Of Polymer Blend And Nano Composite Materials Based On Pmma Used For Bone Tissue Regeneration, Sally Kadhum Alsaedi, Sihama Salih, Fadhil Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

As the elderly population increases, the need for bone loss treatments is increasing. Vital substances used in such treatments are required to continue for a longer period and work more effectively. The particularly important biological material is poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, which is widely used in damaged bone replacement surgery. So, this study focused on the role of added some nanoparticles consist of zirconia (ZrO2), and magnesia (MgO) on the binary polymeric blend (Acrylic bone cement: 15% PMMA) for a bone scaffold. Where, ZrO2 and MgO nanoparticle was added with selected weight percentages (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and …

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Characterizations Of Synthetic 8mol% Ysz With Comparison To 3mol %Ysz For Ht-Sofc, Abeer Al-Attar, Saad Farid, Fadhil Hashim Aug 2026

Characterizations Of Synthetic 8mol% Ysz With Comparison To 3mol %Ysz For Ht-Sofc, Abeer Al-Attar, Saad Farid, Fadhil Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, Yttria (Y2O3) was successfully doped into tetragonal 3mol% yttria stabilized Zirconia (3YSZ) by high energy-mechanical milling to synthesize 8mol% yttria stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ) used as an electrolyte for high temperature solid oxide fuel cells (HT-SOFC). This work aims to evaluate the densification and ionic conductivity of the sintered electrolytes at 1650°C. The bulk density was measured according to ASTM C373-17. The powder morphology and the microstructure of the sintered electrolytes were analyzed via Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The chemical analysis was obtained with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Also, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to obtain …

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Comparative Study Of Perturb & Observe, Modified Perturb & Observe And Modified Incremental Conductance Mppt Techniques For Pv Systems, Mohanad Mahmood, Inaam Ali, Oday Ahmed Aug 2026

Comparative Study Of Perturb & Observe, Modified Perturb & Observe And Modified Incremental Conductance Mppt Techniques For Pv Systems, Mohanad Mahmood, Inaam Ali, Oday Ahmed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents a modified maximum power point tracking algorithm (Modified MPPT) for PV systems based on incremental conductance (IC) algorithm. This method verified with the dynamic irradiance and sudden change of irradiance, the comparisons with conventional methods, for example, the perturbation and observation (P&O) and Modified perturbation and observation (Modified P&O) were performed. A photovoltaic (PV) panel was simulated and tested using MATLAB/Simulink based on PV panel at Power Electronics Laboratory. The results show that this method capable to find the maximum power point (MPP) under dynamic behavior faster than ( P&O) and Modified P&O). Reduced oscillation of MPP …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Complexes Of New Derivative Of Cyclopentaphenanthren-3-One With Manganese (Ii), Iron (Ii), Cobalt (Ii), Nickel (Ii), And Copper (Ii) Ions, Liblab Jassim Aug 2026

Synthesis And Characterization Of Complexes Of New Derivative Of Cyclopentaphenanthren-3-One With Manganese (Ii), Iron (Ii), Cobalt (Ii), Nickel (Ii), And Copper (Ii) Ions, Liblab Jassim

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work involves the chemical preparation from a series of metal Complexes having the general composition M(L)2(H2O)2, where M = [Mn+2, Fe+2, Co+2, Ni+2 and Cu+2].The ligand used was 9-fluoro-17-(1-hydrazono-2-hydroxyethyl)-11,17-dihydroxy-10,13,16-trimethyl-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[α]phenanthren-3-one (FHDTCP), who was diagnosed by H-NMR spectra.These complexes have been prepared and characterized by the ligand to metal by molar conductance, spectral (UV-Visible and FT-IR), and atomic absorption studies. The IR spectral measurements forecast interference to oxygen, nitrogen in coordination from the electron pairs to the metal ion in the center. And suggested the complexes geometry be octahedral for all.

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Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment In The Chemical Stores Of The University Of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, Azhar Haleem Aug 2026

Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment In The Chemical Stores Of The University Of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, Azhar Haleem

Engineering and Technology Journal

Chemicals are used daily at the university, by its students or staff so it’s necessary to develop a chemical management system to protect their workers and students from accidents caused by exposure to chemicals of various forms, the present study explains the methodology for assessing the health effects and risks of exposure to chemicals in the chemical stores of University of Technology (UOT) by using semi- quantitative risk assessment technique depends on a descriptive analytical approach, by collecting the requested information for seven main stores within the university by questionnaire form included inquiries about personal information about employees, level of …

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Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer Disease Based On Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network Algorithm, Hanan Akkar, Suhad Qasim Haddad Aug 2026

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer Disease Based On Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network Algorithm, Hanan Akkar, Suhad Qasim Haddad

Engineering and Technology Journal

Early stage detection of lung cancer is important for successful controlling of the diseases, also to offer additional chance to the patients in order to survive. So , algorithms that are related with computer vision and Image processing are extremely important for early medical diagnosis of lung cancer. In current work ( ) computed tomography scan images were collected from several patients Classification was done using Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network ( ).It is considered as a powerful artificially intelligent technique with training rule for optimization to update the weights of the overall connections in order to determine the abnormal …

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Structural Properties Of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanorods Prepared By Low Cost Hydrothermal Method, Sattar Hashim, Khaleel Hassoon, Odai Salman Aug 2026

Structural Properties Of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanorods Prepared By Low Cost Hydrothermal Method, Sattar Hashim, Khaleel Hassoon, Odai Salman

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, titanium dioxide films were deposited on fluorine tin oxide (FTO)-glass substrates using Hydrothermal method. A low-cost homemade autoclave was used to fabricate pure TiO2 and Fe-doped (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 1.5%) films. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the predominant phase is rutile (R-TiO2) with peaks at (101), (002) and (112). The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) top and cross-sectional images indicated that the films have vertically aligned nanorods structures with parallelogram cross-sectional areas and aspect ratio range (9.2-15.3).

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Analysis And Design Of 460 Ghz Microwave Gyrotron Oscillator, Luma Abbas, Nedal Hussain Aug 2026

Analysis And Design Of 460 Ghz Microwave Gyrotron Oscillator, Luma Abbas, Nedal Hussain

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper is concerned with the analysis and design of a gyrotron oscillator with 460 GHz that can excite both modes (TE231) the fundamental (230GHz) and (TE061, TE261) second harmonic (near 460GHz). The oscillator is operated with 12KV beam voltage and 100mA beam current, and a computer program was developed to study the cavity in this oscillator and the wave-particle interaction inside it using the forward finite difference technique as a numerical method. The input data of the program are electron energy, velocity ratio, normalized cavity length, the normalized value of the external magnetic field, the mode number (m,n,l), and …

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Considerations On Spark- Gap Channel Radius And Electrical Conductivity, Bassam Habib Aug 2026

Considerations On Spark- Gap Channel Radius And Electrical Conductivity, Bassam Habib

Engineering and Technology Journal

A simple phenomenological model is established to determine the temporal evolution of spark gap channel radius and electrical conductivity during the resistive phase period. The present determination is based on the Braginskii’s equation for the channel radius which includes the electrical conductivity of the discharge channel as a constant quantity. In the present model, however, the electrical conductivity is regarded as a time varyingquantity. Basing on this, a mathematical formulation for the channel radius as a function of time was derived, and this has made possible the derivation of an explicit expression for the conductivity as a function of time …

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Word Retrieval Based On Freak Descriptor To Identify The Image Of The English Letter That Corresponds To The First Letter Of The Word, Ekhlas Naser Aug 2026

Word Retrieval Based On Freak Descriptor To Identify The Image Of The English Letter That Corresponds To The First Letter Of The Word, Ekhlas Naser

Engineering and Technology Journal

For the reason of colossal technological developments, the requirement of image information methods became a significant issue. The aim of this research was to retrieve the word based on Fast Retina Key-points (FREAK) descriptor .The suggested system consists of four stages. In the first stage, the images of English letters are loaded. Points are detected via SUSAN in the second stage. FREAK used in the third stage and then a database was created containing 26 English letters. The image to be tested was entered and the points are extracted in the fourth stage and then Manhattan distance was used to …

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Synthesis Of Some New Derivatives Of Pyrrolidine-2-One And Studying Their Antibacterial Potentials, Nadia Betti, Redha Hussain, Sahar Kadhem Aug 2026

Synthesis Of Some New Derivatives Of Pyrrolidine-2-One And Studying Their Antibacterial Potentials, Nadia Betti, Redha Hussain, Sahar Kadhem

Engineering and Technology Journal

New derivatives of pyrrolidine-2-one have been synthesized through lactamization of γ –butyrolactone (GBL) by hydrazine hydrate (80%), ethylene diamine and ethanol amine to afford compounds (1-aminopyrrolidin-2-one), (1-(2-aminoethyl)pyrrolidine-2-one) and (1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine-2-one), respectively. Compound (1-aminopyrrolidin-2-one) underwent several reactions to synthesize the rest of these derivatives. All synthesized compounds were approved by their FT-IR, 1H-NMR and some by Mass spectra. The biological activities of these derivatives were evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Many of these derivatives showed moderate biological activity against one or both kind of bacteria in comparison to amoxicillin and some showed no biological activity at all.

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Study The Effect The Laser Intensity On The Behavior Of The Kinetic Energy, Drift Energy And The Total Energy Of The Silver Plasma, Esam Tawfiq Aug 2026

Study The Effect The Laser Intensity On The Behavior Of The Kinetic Energy, Drift Energy And The Total Energy Of The Silver Plasma, Esam Tawfiq

Engineering and Technology Journal

The particle-in-cell plasma simulation program in two dimensions was developed to display the properties of silver plasma under the effect of Ruby laser 694.3 nm with different intensities; 1012Wcm-2, 1015 Wcm-2, 1018 Wcm-2, and 1020 Wcm-2. The time evolution and the properties of total energy, kinetic energy, and drift energy of the system were examined in the region near the critical density (ne=0.2ncr). The charged particles respond to the laser pulse after a specified period of interaction time in the form of an increase in the energy of the system. This response depends on the intensity of the laser pulse …

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Key Generation From Multibiometric System Using Meerkat Algorithm, Duha Salman, Raghad Azeez, Abdul Mohssen Hossen Aug 2026

Key Generation From Multibiometric System Using Meerkat Algorithm, Duha Salman, Raghad Azeez, Abdul Mohssen Hossen

Engineering and Technology Journal

Biometrics are short of revocability and privacy while cryptography cannot adjust the user’s identity. By obtaining cryptographic keys using biometrics, one can obtain the features such as revocability, assurance about user’s identity, and privacy. Multi-biometrical based cryptographic key generation approach has been proposed, subsequently, left and right eye and ear of a person are uncorrelated from one to other, and they are treated as two independent biometrics and combine them in our system. None-the-less, the encryption keys are produced with the use of an approach of swarm intelligence. Emergent collective intelligence in groups of simple autonomous agents is collectively termed …

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Image Encryption Algorithm Based On Substitution Principle And Shuffling Scheme, Atyaf Hamad, Alaa Farhan Aug 2026

Image Encryption Algorithm Based On Substitution Principle And Shuffling Scheme, Atyaf Hamad, Alaa Farhan

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research presents a method of image encryption that has been designed based on the algorithm of complete shuffling, transformation of substitution box, and predicated image crypto-system. This proposed algorithm presents extra confusion in the first phase because of including an S-box based on using substitution by AES algorithm in encryption and its inverse in Decryption. In the second phase, shifting and rotation were used based on secrete key in each channel depending on the result from the chaotic map, 2D logistic map and the output was processed and used for the encryption algorithm. It is known from earlier studies …

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A Study Of Some Mechanical And Physical Properties For Palm Fiber/Polyester Composite, Samah Hussein Aug 2026

A Study Of Some Mechanical And Physical Properties For Palm Fiber/Polyester Composite, Samah Hussein

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research has been done by reinforcing the matrix (unsaturated polyester) resin with natural material (date palm fiber (DPF)). The fibers were exposure to alkali treatment before reinforcement. The samples have been prepared by using hand lay-up technique with fiber volume fraction of (10%, 20% and 30%). After preparation of the mechanical and physical properties have been studied such as, compression, flexural, impact strength, thermal conductivity, Dielectric constant and dielectric strength. The polyester composite reinforced with date palm fiber at volume fraction (10% and 20%) has good mechanical properties rather than pure unsaturated polyester material, while the composite reinforced with …

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Ethanol Gas Sensor Fabrication Based On Zno Flower Like Nanorods, Abdulqader Faisal, Mofeed Jaleel, Fahad Kamal Aug 2026

Ethanol Gas Sensor Fabrication Based On Zno Flower Like Nanorods, Abdulqader Faisal, Mofeed Jaleel, Fahad Kamal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Zinc oxide flower-like nanorods (ZnO NRs) was successfully synthesized via the hydrothermal method. The growth process was conducted with seed layer concentrations of 20mM. The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer. The analysis results revealed a pure Wurtzite ZnO hexagonal nanostructures with preferred orientation (002) along the c-direction. The calculated band gap of average crystallite size is 3.2eV and 25 nm respectively. New designed, constructed and successfully calibrated for ethanol gas sensing was found. The ethanol gas sensor was fabricated at room temperature based on the …

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Cyclic Settlement Of Footings Of Different Shapes Resting On Clayey Soil, Aseel Najim, Mohammed Fattah, Makki Al-Recaby Aug 2026

Cyclic Settlement Of Footings Of Different Shapes Resting On Clayey Soil, Aseel Najim, Mohammed Fattah, Makki Al-Recaby

Engineering and Technology Journal

An experimental investigation is carried out to investigate the impact of the footing shape, when rested on clayey soil under cyclic loading condition. The model footings used in this study are circular, square and the area of footings is fixed. Cyclic load test is carried out on the cohesive soil with three undrained shear strengths (20 kPa, 40 kPa and 70 kPa). Two depths of foundation embedment (at surface and 5 cm) to know the effect of the depths of the foundations on the change of settlement and total vertical stress and two rates of loading (3 mm/sec and 6 …

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Characteristics Of Exhaust Emissions For A Diesel Engine Fuelled By Corn Oil Biodiesel And Blended With Diesel Fuel, Abdulrahman Mahmood, Haqi Qatta, Saadi Al-Nuzal, Talib Abed Abed Aug 2026

Characteristics Of Exhaust Emissions For A Diesel Engine Fuelled By Corn Oil Biodiesel And Blended With Diesel Fuel, Abdulrahman Mahmood, Haqi Qatta, Saadi Al-Nuzal, Talib Abed Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Environmentally friend biodiesel fuel from corn oil was tested in single-cylinder 4-stroke diesel engine operated. Three blends of fuels were prepared from corn oil and diesel fuel viz. 7, 15, and 20 % (designated as B7, B15, and B20, respectively). Tests were conducted on this engine using these blends at a constant speed (1500 rpm) and varying loads (0 % to 100 %). The emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides (NOX) and smoke opacity were measured. In all engine loads, results showed that the emission of CO, HC, and smoke emissions were reduced, while that of …

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Diffraction Rings Pattern And Nonlinear Optical Properties Of Hybrid Zno-Nps / Epoxy Resin, Zahraa Al-Asady, Ali Al-Hamdani Aug 2026

Diffraction Rings Pattern And Nonlinear Optical Properties Of Hybrid Zno-Nps / Epoxy Resin, Zahraa Al-Asady, Ali Al-Hamdani

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, the diffraction ring patterns scan and single-beam Z-scan techniques were used to measure the nonlinear refractive index (n2) and nonlinear absorption coefficient (β). Nano-composite sample, which consists of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), and epoxy resin polymer. The sample was prepared by the casting method. A second harmonic generation Nd: YAG laser, which operates at 532 nm and intensity 3183 W/cm2 was used for the two techniques. Z-scan results showed that values for nonlinear refractive index n2 and nonlinear absorption coefficient β were obtained of 6.59*10-9 cm2/W and 1.75*10-3 cm/W respectively. While results for the D-scan technique showed …

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Discontinuous Control And Stability Analysis Of Step-Down Dc-Dc Voltage Converters, Bashar Midhat Aug 2026

Discontinuous Control And Stability Analysis Of Step-Down Dc-Dc Voltage Converters, Bashar Midhat

Engineering and Technology Journal

Step down DC-DC converters are power electronic circuits, which mainly used to convert voltage from a level to a lower level. In this paper, a discontinuous controller is proposed as a control method in order to control Step-Down DC-DC converters. A Lyapunov stability criterion is used to mathematically prove the ability of the proposed controller to give the desired voltage. Simulationsl1 are performedl1 in MATLABl1 software. The simulationl1 resultsl1 are presentedl1 for changesl1 in referencel1 voltagel1 and inputl1 voltagel1 as well as stepl1 loadl1 variations. The resultsl1 showl1 the goodl1 performancel1 of the proposedl1 discontinuousl1 controller.

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Comparative Study Of Different Organic Molecules As An Anti-Corrosion For Mild Steel In Kerosene, Eva Yaqo, Rana Anaee, Majid Abdulmajeed Aug 2026

Comparative Study Of Different Organic Molecules As An Anti-Corrosion For Mild Steel In Kerosene, Eva Yaqo, Rana Anaee, Majid Abdulmajeed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The investigation on the efficiency of three organic derivatives was done as inhibitors for carbon steel using electrochemical methods at four temperatures (303, 313, 323, and 333 K) and 100 ppm. The results showed that these prepared compounds gave good efficiencies at experimental conditions by adsorption process and they act as mixed-type inhibitor, the data of corrosion were measured and debated. Using SEM, the inhibited surface of specimens was characterized. In addition, for display the interaction between these compounds and the metallic surface, the Fourier transform infrared spectra was used. In addition, the activity of antibacterial of the inhibitors against …

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Multiwall Carbon Nanotube / Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers Film, Electrical Conductivity Improvement, Akram Jabur Aug 2026

Multiwall Carbon Nanotube / Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers Film, Electrical Conductivity Improvement, Akram Jabur

Engineering and Technology Journal

Conductive polymer films were prepared of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) wt. % multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by electrospinning technique. The morphologies of the synthesized films were tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Average fiber diameters gauged statically was (115nm) for (PVA/10 wt. % MWCNT film) while (170nm) for pure PVA electro spun film. Electrical conductivity (EC) of Polymeric nanofiber films improve by increasing MWCNT addition concentration from (3.69 × 10-7 S/ cm) for the pure (PVA) film to (1.24 ×10-2 S/cm) for the film with 10 wt. % MWCNT. The maximum stress of …

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