Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Microwave Irradiation On Major Flavor Compounds In Maotai-Flavor Baijiu With Original Bottled Packaging, Huang Jimin, Qin Haibo, Wu Zhaolong, Zhao Guohui, Liang Jinzhi, Li Bingzheng, Huang Zhimin

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To enhance the quality and market value of original bottled Maotai -flavored Baijiu, this study investigates the effects of microwave irradiation on major flavor compounds during the aging process and optimizes the microwave -assisted aging process. [Methods] Maotai -flavored Baijiu samples were subjected to microwave irradiation, and the effects of irradiation time, irradiation temperature, and power density on the contents of key flavor compounds, including ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl hexanoate, acetic acid, and acetaldehyde, were examined in samples stored for 28 days after treatment. [Results] With increasing irradiation time, ester contents first increased and then fluctuated …

Advances In The Detection Of Ethyl Carbamate In Fermented Foods, Wang Yue, Zhao Yongpeng, Wang Siqi, Zhang Suyi, Ao Zonghua, Liu Shuliang, Li Jianlong

Food and Machinery

Ethyl carbamate, a group 2A carcinogen, has been widely detected in fermented foods and its safety has drawn increasing attention. Many countries have established limits for ethyl carbamate in fermented foods. This article reviews the contamination situation of ethyl carbamate, systematically summarizes and compares the detection methods of ethyl carbamate reported in both domestic and international literature in recent years, including chromatography, spectroscopy, electrochemical sensor method, paper strip colorimetry, and immunoassay. Finally, this article proposes the future development directions of residual detection technology for ethyl carbamate in fermented foods.

A Review Of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy For Pesticide Residue Detection In Fruits And Vegetables, Mai Xinyun, Hu Fangyang, He Lingling, Niu Junle, Wei Lanjie

Food and Machinery

Near -infrared spectroscopy (NIRS ) is valuable in pesticide residue detection for fruits and vegetables due to its nondestructive, rapid, and efficient nature. This review summarizes current research status in this field, compares the applicability of different spectral bands and imaging techniques, and analyzes challenges in single and mixed pesticide residue detection alongside enhancement strategies. Additionally, approaches to spectral preprocessing and feature wavelength selection are examined, with performance comparisons between chemometrics and deep learning models. Furthermore, the role of calibration transfer and transfer learning is discussed in improving model generalization across instruments and crop varieties. With continuous advancements in spectral …

Research Progress On Protein Engineering Of Α-Amylase And Its Major Applications, Feng Yong, Ren Zhengwei

Food and Machinery

Alpha -Amylase is a glycoside hydrolase that efficiently catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch and is widely applied in various industrial fields such as food, textile, and paper industries. It plays a pivotal role particularly in food processing processes such as starch liquefaction, baking improvement, and juice clarification. However, natural α-amylases generally exhibit poor thermal stability, weak acid tolerance, and strong calcium ion dependency, which severely restrict their application in complex industrial environments. In recent years, protein engineering technologies, including directed evolution, rational design, and semi -rational design, have been extensively employed to the structural optimization and performance improvement of α-amylases. …

Noise-Perturbed Federated Learning For Synthetic Wearable Health Monitoring: A Reproducible Multi-Seed Evaluation, Billel Essaid

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Federated learning (FL) keeps wearable records local, but shared updates can still disclose participant information. This study evaluates an auditable noise-perturbed FL pipeline for synthetic wearable risk monitoring and examines how client-side clipping, central Gaussian perturbation, participant-held-out validation, and two empirical privacy attacks behave across repeated cohorts. Twelve independently generated cohorts (24 participants; 5,760 half-hour windows each) were analyzed with matched-exposure centralized logistic regression, FedAvg, clipped FedAvg, and clipped-plus-noise FedAvg using 16/4/4 participant train/validation/test splits. Uncertainty was estimated with a two-stage hierarchical bootstrap that preserves each seed's validation-selected threshold. The clipped-plus-noise model achieved mean AUROC 0.903 (95% CI 0.867–0.913), AUPRC …

Synthesizing Ai In Steam: Visual Storytelling (Vs) As A Meaning-Making Connector Between Bio-Inspired Design (Bid) And Creative Expression, Kriti Malkani, Arunita Paul

The Interdisciplinary Journal for Research on Pedagogy and Learning Design, Vol. 1, Issue 1., Fall 2026

This study investigates the essential role of AI-generated Visual Storytelling (VS) as an analytical and interactive tool within STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) in design education. Additionally, the study also explores the potential of VS as a meaning-making tool transcending mere art and visualization. There is potential in incorporating designerly methods into scientific solutions, creating opportunities for innovation. At the same time, traditional BID (Bio-inspired Design) processes deal with more technical explorations and suffer from representation, making it difficult for students to move beyond the literal scientific illustrations and diagrams. Innovation and connection between design and science require …

Chatgpt Employment Anxiety And Career Confidence: Discipline-Contingent Evidence From Malaysian Undergraduates, Fahd A. Raza, Abtar D. Singh, Rabia Anwar, Jonathan Js Kovilpillai, Analisa Hamdan, Fumiko Konno, Husna Hr Azami, Murali Raman

Higher Learning Research Communications

Background: The rapid diffusion of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has raised concerns about graduate employability, yet evidence on how ChatGPT employment anxiety relates to career confidence remains limited, particularly in non-Western contexts.

Objectives: We examined whether ChatGPT employment anxiety is associated with career confidence among Malaysian undergraduates and whether academic discipline or usage intensity moderates that association.

Methods: Using the Malaysian subset of the 2024–2025 Global ChatGPT Student Survey (Aristovnik et al., 2025; N = 315 ChatGPT users), we constructed a four-item employment anxiety index (α = .80) and estimated hierarchical ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions predicting a single-item measure …

50 Years Of Irrigation District Modernization In The Usa -- Then And Now, Charles M. Burt

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Irrigation district modernization in the USA has seen changes in management attitudes, hardware, software, and the shouldering of responsibilities for environmental issues that were never envisioned fifty years ago. The pace of modernization is quite variable depending upon the state and location within the state. This paper provides some insights into the evolution of several aspects of modernization over that fifty year time span.

Specific Effects Of Pulsed Field Ablation On The Cardiac Tissue, The Nervous System And The Conduction System In Experimental And Clinical Studies, Josselin Duchateau, Iwanari Kawamura, Gurukripa N Kowlgi, Elad Maor, Moritz Nies, Christian W Zemlin, Tomás García-Sánchez, Samuel J Asirvatham

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a novel ablation modality for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and has rapidly reshaped contemporary electrophysiology practice. This article provides a comprehensive analysis on the mechanisms underlying the specific effects of PFA on myocardial, neural tissue structures, and the cardiac conduction system, integrating biophysical principles with preclinical and clinical evidence relevant to contemporary electrophysiology practice.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This document provides an exhaustive mechanistic explanation for the preferential effects of PFA on myocardium and the limits of the 'tissue-selectivity' concept. The complex interplay between cellular and tissue-level biophysics, biological responses, and tissue …

Comprehensive Variable-Temperature Raman And Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Investigation Of Bulk Undoped, Fe-Doped, And Ge-Doped Gan: Correlated Phonon, Carrier, Optical, And Disorder Dynamics, Manika Tun Nafisa, Sm Atiqur Rahman, Zhe Chuan Feng, Sandip Das, James N. Hilfiker, Nina Jong, Ian T. Ferguson, Benjamin Klein

Faculty Articles

Bulk gallium nitride (GaN) substrates with controlled electrical compensation and doping are foundational materials for high-power electronics, optoelectronics, and emerging spintronic devices. Despite extensive studies on epitaxial GaN thin films, a complete and correlated understanding of crystal, phonon, free-carrier, birefringence, optical, and disorder-driven processes in high-quality bulk GaN crystals remains limited. In this work, a comprehensive temperature-dependent (25–300 °C) investigation of free-standing bulk undoped, Fe-doped, and Ge-doped GaN substrates using Raman spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been presented. A detailed analysis of phonon evolution, apparent Raman-shift-derived biaxial stress and in-plane strain, longitudinal optical phonon–plasmon coupling …

Real-Time Integration Of Iomt And Patient Digital Twins With Blockchain-Anchored Provenance For Interoperable And Privacy-Preserving Electronic Health Records, Dinesh Goyal, Sheng-Lung Peng

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Electronic health records (EHRs) are not designed for continuous physiological streams, dynamic patient-state representations, and verifiable cross-provider exchange. This study presents an integrated healthcare architecture combining Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) telemetry, patient-specific Digital Twins, GRU-based risk analytics, blockchain-anchored provenance, and HL7 FHIR R4 interoperability. Its central contribution is the Synchronized State Update with Risk-Aware Blockchain Anchoring (SSU-RABA) algorithm, which couples Digital Twin synchronization with predicted clinical risk to prioritize asynchronous provenance anchoring without blocking the real-time update path. In controlled experiments with 18,000 synthetic IoMT packets, the Digital Twin achieved a mean update latency of 178 ms and synchronization …

Integrating Imperfect Cross-Domain Segmentation Maps Into Dental Radiograph Classification: Robustness Of Soft Probability Weighting Versus Hard Masking, Raed Bulbul, Mohammed Alhanjouri

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Tooth segmentation maps transferred across dental radiograph datasets are imperfect, and the way they are integrated into a diagnostic classifier determines whether their errors reach the dental diagnosis. This study quantifies such errors on external panoramic radiographs and compares hard masking with soft probability weighting for tooth-level classification of dental pathology. A U-Net and a conditional diffusion model were trained on STS-2D-Tooth and frozen; the diffusion model refined the U-Net probability map in six image-conditioned denoising steps. On two independent external datasets from Bangladesh (319 radiographs) and Tunisia (59 radiographs), U-Net maps reached Dice 0.787 and 0.871, and 73% and …

The Price Of Open: Understanding Article Processing Charges And Nsu's Cost-Saving Agreements, Keri Baker

Staff Presentations, Proceedings, Lectures, and Symposia

Open access publishing can raise your work's visibility and impact — but it often comes with a price tag in the form of Article Processing Charges (APCs) that can run into the thousands of dollars. This session, designed for NSU faculty, unpacks the true cost of “open” and shows you how to avoid paying it. We'll cover the Scholarly Communications services available through the Alvin Sherman Library, walk through the major open access models (Gold, Green, Diamond, Hybrid) and how their costs differ, and — most importantly — detail the transformative “Read and Publish” agreements NSU currently holds with publishers …

China Maritime Report #59: Be Focused, Be Humble, Be Happy: Career Progression, Organization, And Training Of Plan Submariners, Phil Yu, Benjamin Rosen

CMSI China Maritime Reports

Main Findings

Led by the political commissar with the commanding officer serving as deputy, party committees are responsible for major decision-making, maintaining party control, training, and general leadership aboard People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) submarines. While Chinese sources extoll this collective leadership model, it is unclear how this command structure influences decision-making efficacy in practice.

PLAN political officers play a critical role in the leadership and decision making on PLAN submarines, but reportedly lack understanding of submarine operations. Despite attempts to improve the operational competency of political officers, this likely remains a problem for the PLAN submarine force.

The diverse …

Spartan Daily, October 21, 2026, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2026

Volume 167, Issue 26

Transforming The Panama Canal From Transportation Infrastructure Into A Tourist Destination: Opportunities, Challenges, And Sustainability Implications, Ali Kheleel Ibrahim, Muthana Faaeq Almasoodi

AUIQ Humanities and Social Sciences

This research examines the transformation of the Panama Canal from functional transportation infrastructure into a significant tourist destination while maintaining operational integrity. Employing descriptive and analytical methodologies, the study analyses visitor statistics, economic impacts, infrastructure investments, and sustainability challenges across recent years. Findings reveal substantial growth in visitor numbers and demonstrate that canal tourism consistently contributes to a significant proportion of national tourism revenues. The Panama Canal's higher visitor figures relative to the Suez Canal are consistent with, though not causally attributable to, differences in institutional approaches to tourism development, as establishing causality would require controlled comparative data unavailable within …

Optimizing Job Demands And Resources To Enhance Employee Engagement And Organizational Performance, Ali Shakir Zaidan, Hadeel Kadem Saeed, Arash Arianpoor, Siraj Razooqi Abbas

AUIQ Humanities and Social Sciences

This study examines how Job Demands, resources, satisfaction, work engagement, and firm performance are interrelated using the job demands–resources (JD-R) model. According to this model, job demands are important for organizations, but if they are not balanced by sufficient job resources, they can cause strain and lower satisfaction. By contrast, job resources act as critical enablers, mitigating the adverse effects of demands, promoting job satisfaction, and enhancing employee engagement. By conceptualizing job satisfaction as a mediating variable, the proposed model clarifies how the interplay between demand and resources leads to increased work engagement, which contributes to improved firm performance. This …

An Agentic Ai Decision-Support Framework For Interpretable Crowd Status Monitoring Via Yolov5, Hasanain Hazim Azeez, Rafea Mohammed Ibrahim, Esraa H. Yahyaa, Thura Jamal, Nasri Sulaiman

AUIQ Humanities and Social Sciences

For public safety in crowded public places, less human detection is insufficient without interpretability and actionability of decision assistances. Although deep learning–based video surveillance systems have achieved accurate detection recently, the majority are restricted to passive perception and do not convert visual products into executive decisions for crowd status. This study presents an agentic AI-based decision support framework for interpretable real-time crowd status monitoring, to link vision-based perception and public safety decision. The proposed framework incorporates a YOLOv5-derived human detection module, an agentic state evaluation by considering persistability and a transparent rule-based decision making, which distinguishes scenes into crowd versus …

Bridging Troubled Waters: Simplifying New York’S Riparian Property And River Access Laws, John Eikamp

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Part I of this Note provides a review of New York’s riparian property laws, beginning with the English common law and ending with Douglaston Manor v. Bahrakis. Part II provides an analysis of OGC-9 and its failures as an extension of the Douglaston Manor decision. Part III proposes that, to resolve this dysfunction, Douglaston Manor must be abrogated, at least in part, by statute. The statute, drawing on the laws of other states and the federal government, and informed by expert opinion, must set forth a list of the state’s navigable waterways so that anglers are no longer …

Propuesta Metodológica Para La Evaluación De La Pobreza Energética En Chiapas, México, Mario Alejandro Sánchez Trujillo, Pascual López De Paz, Marcelino García Benítez, Amina El Mekaoui, Bassam Alí, Jesús Francisco Escalante Euán

Journal of Maya Heritage

Resumen. El acceso inequitativo e insuficiente a servicios energéticos de calidad constituye uno de los principales obstáculos para el desarrollo socioeconómico y el bienestar humano en México, siendo el estado de Chiapas una de las entidades con mayor vulnerabilidad socioambiental. Este trabajo presenta una propuesta metodológica cuantitativa y geoespacial para evaluar la pobreza energética de las siete subprovincias fisiográficas de Chiapas. La metodología combina datos de censos de población y vivienda 2020 (INEGI), la estandarización Min-Max, el análisis de correlación de Pearson y el análisis de componentes principales (PCA) para la construcción de un índice de pobreza energética (IPE) multidimensional. …

Dynamic Health Tracking And Automated Preservation Control System For Power Electronics And High-Ambient Hvac Infrastructure, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

A predictive health and control system performs Dynamic Health Tracking for power electronics and energy storage components within high-ambient HVAC infrastructure. The system polls real-time thermal telemetry and operating parameters from internal components — including DC bus capacitors, insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), and variable frequency drives (VFDs) — as well as indirect thermal proxies (such as cabinet ambient air, outdoor yard ambient, cooling fan status, carrier switching frequency, and DC bus voltage ripple) at established intervals. Using this telemetry, an integrated controller or an analytics engine applies a time-integrated cumulative thermal-stress degradation function (such as an Arrhenius reaction rate …

Mutation-Qualified, Authority-Scoped Evaluator Routing For Versioned Engineering Ai Systems, Bharath Raj C, Mukund Anandan, Gourav Gourav

Defensive Publications Series

A system is proposed herein for qualifying evaluators used to review generated technical material in versioned engineering artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The system creates controlled degradations from protected technical obligations, measures the technical dimensions for which each evaluator demonstrates competence, and limits promotion authority to current qualified dimensions. Dimension-specific authority rules prevent lower-authority votes from overriding controlling technical sources, while named dependency envelopes invalidate affected qualifications when relevant sources, platforms, releases, or evaluator configurations change. Unaffected evaluator capabilities and still-valid prior decisions remain usable, allowing localized promotion, rejection, owner review, or insufficient-evidence outcomes.

Zero-Stall Hazard Resolution For Pipelined Multipliers Via Cycle-Indexed Product Collapse, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

An in-flight history buffer, a shift register indexed by pipeline stage, tracks resource state updates still propagating through a multi-stage multiplier pipeline. Hazard detection compares the resource identifier of an incoming transaction against the buffer entries, and on a match forwards the uncommitted updated state in place of the stale state. Within the hazard window the elapsed-time operand equals a known small integer i+k, so single-cycle combinational constant-scaling logic forms the product r×(i+k). This product collapse bypasses the multiplier pipeline without duplicated multipliers or timestamp subtraction logic, and the transaction completes in the same cycle slot it would have occupied …

Hardware-Anchored Bidirectional Mutual Authentication With Combined Entropy For Secure Integrated Circuit Life Cycle Transitions, Miguel Osorio, Michael Schaffner

Defensive Publications Series

A hardware life cycle controller gates each life cycle transition behind a bidirectional handshake. An external agent writes a 128-bit user nonce U, and the controller concatenates it with a 128-bit device nonce X drawn from the on-chip entropy source (ES) and with the monotonic transition counter CNT, forming a 288-bit challenge that neither party fixes alone. A KMAC engine then performs two passes over that challenge. The first pass derives a device proof Z1 = KMAC(Y1, U || X || CNT) from a shared secret Y1 and exposes Z1, along with X and CNT, in read-only registers, allowing the …

Dynamic Precision Tiering For Ai Inference Based On Cluster Congestion And Request Sensitivity, Rohan Grover, Satish Kondalam, Muninder Sambi, Aman Ahuja

Defensive Publications Series

In fixed-capacity computing environments for artificial intelligence inference, high demand can lead to resource saturation. Conventional methods, such as queuing requests or uniformly degrading computational precision for all workloads, may negatively impact service levels and user experience. A system can dynamically manage computational precision on a per-request basis, where a control plane, such as a gateway, can assess real-time cluster congestion by monitoring signals like memory usage and latency. Concurrently, a classifier can analyze an incoming request's features, such as its task type, to determine its sensitivity to reduced precision. A policy engine can use the congestion level and sensitivity …

Replacing Cpu Logic Gates, Peter Stevenson

Defensive Publications Series

This paper follows from #13552 A Farewell to Ohms and offers a logic gate alternative approach that enables multiple outcomes to be considered simultaneously, without expending additional energy

Cross-System Checkpoint Cohesion For Kafka And Spark Streaming Pipelines, Ananya Verma, Raouf Khan

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a computer-implemented method and a system for receiving events from an event streaming platform, processing the events using a stream processing engine for a processing epoch to generate an output, and writing the output to one or more sinks. Source progress information indicating a consumption position, and execution state information comprising a state version of a state store and a watermark position, are collected for the processing epoch. Sink durability information indicating durable commitment of the output to the one or more sinks is determined. A candidate unified checkpoint manifest binding the source progress, execution state, …

System And Method For Serving A Plurality Of Process-Isolated Inference Workflows From A Single Host-Resident Model Artifact Through An Opaque Shared-Memory Handle On A Real-Time Transaction Path, Hao Qin, Ruiyang Xia, Victor Genty, Ningyu Shi, Bin Zhang, Yi Li, Wenting Fu

Defensive Publications Series

Systems and methods for serving machine-learning inference are provided. A host runtime loads a model artifact a single time into host-owned memory, providing a single resident instance of the model artifact. Inference workflows sharing the single instance each execute in a respective interpreter process isolated from the host runtime and from one another. Each interpreter process holds an opaque handle referencing the single instance without a copy of the model artifact in an address space of the interpreter process. The host runtime receives, over a shared-memory channel, a scoring request issued by a first inference workflow through the opaque handle …

Analysis Of The Use Chatgpt Among Students Of The Arabic Language Education Department, North Sumatera State Islamic University, Medan, Ainun Salida, Akmal Walad Ahkas, Majid Dakhil Al-Anazy

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

Students of the Arabic language education study program State Islamic University of North Sumatra, Medan use ChatGPT a lot to add insight, study materials and can even help ease lecture assignments. The purpose of this study was to find out how far students use ChatGPT to help them learn Arabic. This research uses a type of field research using qualitative approaches and data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study say that students of the Arabic language education study program state Islamic University of North Sumatra, Medan have not been able to maximize the use …

Rhetorical Move Analysis Of Research Methods In Arabic Scientific Articles: A Comparison Of Arabic And Indonesian Writers, Novica Aulia, Syihabuddin Syihabuddin, Rinaldi Supriadi, Mohamad Azwan Bin Kamarudin

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

This study analyzes the rhetorical structure of the method section in Arabic scientific articles written by Arabic and Indonesian speakers in the field of linguistics and education. Using the framework of Zhang and Wannaruk (2016), this study analyzed 80 articles to identify Move and Step patterns, as well as patterns of using tenses and diathesis (voice). The results showed that Move 2 (Explaining Data Collection Procedures) was the most dominant (56.9%), indicating that researchers focused more on data collection than on design aspects (Move 1: 19.5%) and data analysis (Move 3: 23.5%). Indonesian speakers put more emphasis on the procedural …