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From Invisible Injury To Measurable Impact: Exploring Associations Between Peripheral Biomarkers Of Neuroinflammation And Mental Health Outcomes After Mtbi, Lauren Leggett Smith

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), often referred to as a “silent epidemic,” accounts for the majority of traumatic brain injuries worldwide and is increasingly linked to persistent psychiatric outcomes. Despite its prevalence, mTBI remains understudied due to diagnostic challenges, underreporting, and misperceptions of its clinical significance. The present study examined whether peripheral biomarkers of neuroinflammation and astroglial injury—tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)— mediate associations between mTBI history and psychiatric symptom severity, including depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants were 138 traumaexposed adults recruited from an urban university and surrounding community, with …

Mechanisms Of Synergy Between Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field (Nspef) And Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Discharge (Cap) In Pancreatic Cancer: The Role Of Ros-Mediated Oxidative Stress And Apoptosis, Zobia Minhas

Biomedical Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapies. Novel treatment strategies are needed to overcome this resistance. Non-thermal physical modalities, including nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) and cold atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (CAP), have emerged as potential anticancer approaches; however, the mechanisms underlying their combined effects remain unclear.

This study evaluated whether nsPEF enhances CAP-induced cytotoxicity and investigated the associated molecular mechanisms using the murine Pan02 pancreatic cancer cell line. Cell viability was assessed by WST-1 metabolic activity assays and electric cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were …

Flicking Fibres: Microfibres Act As Sensory Disruptors In A Marine Crustacean, Ari Drummond, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Lucy M. Turner, Mark Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Anthropogenic inputs to the environment—including microplastics and microfibres—are global stressors known to impair multiple facets of organismal biology. However, the effects of these pollutants on sensory structures remain critically understudied. Sensory systems mediate organism-environment interactions, and pollution-derived impairment at these interfaces may cascade through bioprocessing, from information acquisition to behaviour and ultimately fitness. Microfibres, in particular, pose an additional threat, potentially physically obstructing sensory organs and chemically interfering with sensory processes. Using an invertebrate model of sensory biology, Pagurus bernhardus, we tested whether dryer lint—a complex, heterogeneous mix of treated microplastic and cellulose fibres, and other anthropogenic contaminants—acts as a …

Visual Cues Elicit Differential Aggression Towards Female And Female Mimics In The Corkwing Wrasse, Benjamin A. Ellis, Tonje K. Sørdalen, Mark Briffa, Anne Berit Skiftesvik, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Kim A.T. Halvorsen

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) are consistent intrasexual differences in behavior that maximize reproductive success through different means. In corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops), smaller males mimic female visual morphology (hereafter sneakers) to steal fertilizations from nest-building parental males (hereafter nesting males). We investigated whether this visual mimicry effectively deceived 47 nesting males across 4 sites by quantifying 2 agonistic responses (attack latency and attack frequency) to models depicting unfamiliar females, sneakers and rival nesting males. Contrary to expectations, nesting males exhibited faster agonistic responses towards female models, with lower attack latencies compared with both male types. Additionally, the relationship between model …

A Covalent Allosteric Molecular Glue Suppresses Nrf2-Dependent Cancer Growth, Nilotpal Roy, Ilah Bok, Harit Panda, Dhaval P Bhatt, Emily M Wilkerson, Soma Saeidi, Paul Zolkind, Michael B Major, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: The NRF2 transcription factor is constitutively active in cancer, in which it functions to maintain oxidative homeostasis and reprogram cellular metabolism. NRF2-active tumors exhibit NRF2 dependency and resistance to chemotherapy/radiotherapy (RT). In this study, we characterize VVD-065, a first-in-class NRF2 inhibitor that acts via an unprecedented allosteric molecular glue mechanism. In the absence of stress or mutation, NRF2 is rapidly degraded by the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)-cullin3 (CUL3) ubiquitin-ligase complex. VVD-065 specifically and covalently engages Cys151 on KEAP1, which in turn promotes KEAP1-CUL3 complex formation, leading to enhancement of NRF2 degradation. Previously reported Cys151-directed compounds decrease KEAP1-CUL3 interactions …

Minimizing Musculoskeletal Injury Risk In Health Care Professionals With Education On Physical Activity Recommendations, Emma H. Foran

Honors College Theses

Working in healthcare settings that require patient handling is physically demanding - over 80% of providers involved in patient handling report work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Injuries or exacerbation of a previous injury may occur if the individual cannot tolerate heavy workloads. Injuries that cause lost work time or work restrictions impact the healthcare team, may alter quality of life, and impact employee income. A practical way to minimize these effects is to prevent WMSDs. Training providers to use proper body mechanics, practice patient handling, and engage in regular exercise designed to increase muscular strength and endurance through resistance training improves …

Perfectionism And Cognitive Flexibility: Comparing The Impacts Of Perfectionism Vs Excellencism On Cognitive Flexibility, Lillian R. Blackburn

Honors College Theses

Perfectionism is often defined as “high standards of performance which are accompanied by tendencies for overly critical evaluations of one’s own behavior” (Frost et al., 1990, p. 450). Although striving for high standards is characteristic of perfectionism, it is also a central concept of the construct of excellencism, that is striving for standards that are both high and attainable. Research has made a distinction between the pursuit of perfection and pursuit of excellence, suggesting perfectionists strive for high unattainable standards, whereas excellencists strive for high yet reasonable standards with more areas of flexibility (Gaudreau et al., 2022).  These differences have …

Project Foresight Annual Report, 2024-2025, Paul J. Speaker

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Project FORESIGHT is a business-guided self-evaluation of forensic science laboratories across the globe. The participating laboratories represent local, regional, state, and national agencies. Economics, accounting, finance, and forensic faculty provide assistance, guidance, and analysis. Laboratories participating in Project FORESIGHT have developed standardized definitions for metrics to evaluate work processes, linking financial information to work tasks and functions. Laboratory managers can then assess resource allocations, efficiencies, and value of services—the mission of Project FORESIGHT is to measure, preserve what works, and change what does not.

The benchmark data for the 2024-2025 performance period includes laboratory submissions for a variety of fiscal …

Design Of A Nuclear Power System For A Lunar Base, Haleigh Wagner, Emma Sprague, Liam Donnelly, Anthony Nardolillo, Samantha Vallance, Alex Sawyer

Mechanical Engineering Capstone Design Projects

This Senior Capstone project concerns the design and development of a compact fission reactor intended to provide continuous electrical power for a lunar base. The system needed to supply enough energy to support habitat life support systems, scientific operations, surface mobility, and resource processing equipment, while remaining highly reliable, minimally maintained, and easily integrated into a module’s lunar power grid. Early research was conducted into NASA’s Artemis program, prior fission surface concepts such as KRUSTY, and estimated power demands for lunar infrastructure resulted in the following design requirements:

1. 10 to 50 kWe of continuous power (31.2 kWe achieved)
2. Operational lifespace …

Effects Of Tourist Feeding On The Gut Microbiome And Ecophysiology Of Endangered Northern Bahamian Rock Iguana (Cyclura Cychlura), Erin Lucy Lewis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

The lifespan and reproduction of an animal depends on maintaining a healthy physiology. The proportion of individuals that survive to an age at which procreation can occur is important to long-term stability of populations and contributes to species survival. Health in an animal is measured in a variety of ways, including through monitoring of the body’s physiological systems, as well as its ability to respond to invading pathogens, and through the different types of bacteria present in the gut. Relationships among those different health metrics have been discovered in recent years and have been found to play important roles in …

Constraint-Aware Metaheuristic Optimization For Experimental Design, Benjamin N. Fuller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Designing experiments becomes much more challenging when many variables and strict constraints are involved, as is common in modern science and engineering. This thesis introduces a new computational and mathematical framework that efficiently searches for optimal experiments in complex, high-dimensional spaces where traditional methods fail. By combining geometric techniques with flexible optimization algorithms like particle swarm optimization, our methods handle difficult constraints while scaling to real-world problems. Built in the high-performance Julia programming language and released as open-source software, this work bridges advanced theory with practical tools, offering researchers a powerful and accessible way to design better experiments under realistic …

Effects Of Beaver Dams On Components Of Riverscape Health And Biodiversity In The Great Basin, Cashe C. Rasmussen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Networks of rivers and their floodplains (i.e., low-lying areas adjacent to rivers and streams that could plausibly flood) have been degraded, reducing the availability of freshwater and habitat for people and wildlife. Therefore, land managers are pursuing cost-effective restoration strategies, including partnering with beavers (Castor canadensis), to promote the health of these ecosystems and associated benefits. However, our understanding of beaver-mediated restoration benefits remains incomplete. Here, we compared locations along streams with and without beaver dams to measure the benefits of beavers in the Great Basin of the Western United States. We measured the effects of beaver dams …

Investigating Utah's Watershed Restoration Initiative: A Qualitative Case Study Of A State-Managed Collaborative Platform, Casey Trout

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Collaboration is necessary to address complex, cross-jurisdictional natural resource problems. To better understand the benefits and drawbacks of innovative collaborative structures, this research examined the Utah Watershed Restoration Initiative (WRI). WRI is a state-managed program in Utah that implements cross-boundary habitat restoration projects. Local, state, and federal government agencies as well as non-profit organizations convene on five regional teams to design and evaluate projects. Project partners are engaged at a local level while most program administration occurs at the state level. A case study of WRI was conducted, making use of interviews with 33 participants, document review, and field observations. …

Two Applications Of Lifting-Line Theory For The Design Of Efficient Aircraft, Amanda K. Olsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Numerical lifting-line is a tool that can be used to evaluate the forces and moments of an aircraft wing. This method has limitations but it is beneficial in obtaining a large set of results with relatively little computational power. This research seeks to analyze two different flight scenarios through the use of two numerical lifting-line tools developed at the Utah State University AeroLab. The first scenario involves an aircraft in ground effect flight. When an aircraft flies close to the ground, a phenomenon called ground effect occurs where the lift is increased and the induced drag is decreased. Therefore, flying …

An Analysis Of The War On Terror In Textbooks, Kason Kendall

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

This study analyzes how the War on Terror is presented in history textbooks used in the United States and Brazil. Textbooks play an important role in shaping how students understand major global events, including wars, national security, and international relations. However, these materials do not simply present facts, they also reflect specific perspectives and priorities.

The purpose of this study is to analyze how key topics related to the War on Terror, such as the justification for the Iraq War, domestic security policies, treatment of prisoners, and public dissent are portrayed in textbooks from other countries. By comparing these narratives, …

Comparing Strategies For Wetland Revegetation In An Uncertain Water Future, Hailey M. Machnikowski

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Wetlands worldwide are expected to experience more frequent and intense droughts and floods due to climate change. These shifting water conditions introduce challenges to restoring wetland plants, especially using direct seeding. Seeding is cost and labor-efficient compared to planting, but seeds and seedlings are highly vulnerable to water stress, so restoration efforts often fail when conditions are too wet or dry. Understanding how to improve seed-based revegetation under these conditions is increasingly important. Therefore, we sought to understand the response, measured by percent canopy cover or dry biomass weights, of native plants to different durations of drought in greenhouse experiments, …

Forage Responses To Biological Inoculant And Seed Rates In The Intermountain West, Roy Reid

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Improving the efficiency of fertilizer and seed use is increasingly important for forage producers in the Intermountain West, where alfalfa and silage corn form the foundation of dairy and livestock feed. This thesis evaluates two strategies designed to boost crop productivity: microbial fertilizer coatings and variable-rate seeding.

The first study examined whether Powercoat®, a fertilizer-applied microbial inoculant, could enhance yield, forage quality, or soil phosphorus availability in alfalfa grown on four commercial fields in northern Utah. Across all locations, fertilizer increased yield at only two sites, and Powercoat did not provide additional improvements in yield, forage quality, or soil nutrient …

Post-Wildfire Erosion And Biogeochemistry: Integrating Aerial Imagery And Soil Testing To Assess Landscape Recovery, Justin A. Allred

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

After a wildfire, land managers are required to monitor large tracts of land with limited time and budgets. Traditionally, tracking landscape recovery is a time intensive process. This research explored the effectiveness of using drones (UAVs), strategic soil sampling, and computer modeling as additional tools for land managers in order to monitor the recovery more efficiently.

By using drones to collect aerial imagery and using machine learning, plant regrowth was monitored in back-to-back years. The machine learning model performed well at telling broad groups apart (trees vs grass) but it struggled to identify differences between plant species. Because many plants …

Impact Of Inhibiting Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake On Calcium Homeostasis And Postmortem Metabolism In Porcine Muscle, Fatema Rahaman Mishu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

After harvesting the animal, pork muscle continues to undergo changes as it turns from muscle into meat. During this early period, the muscle uses up energy and produces acid, which lowers pH and can affect important quality traits such as color and how well the meat holds water. A key driver of these early changes is calcium, a natural mineral inside muscle cells that helps control contraction and energy use. In this study, we tested whether mitochondria (the cell’s “powerhouse”) help control calcium after harvest and, in turn, influence early postmortem changes in pork. We used a research compound (DS16570511) …

Influence Of Predation Risk On Elk Feeding Behavior In A Multi-Predator Environment, Rosemarie C. Pugh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Sometimes predators don’t just affect prey by killing them, they can also change how prey behave. For example, animals may spend more time watching for danger and less time eating, which could affect their health and survival. In Yellowstone National Park, past research has suggested that elk may reduce feeding because they are trying to avoid predators like wolves and cougars. However, most previous studies have only looked at elk behavior during the daytime and have often looked at responses from single predators rather than multiple.

In this study, I used high-resolution tracking collars equipped with motion sensors to directly …

Influence Of Coterie On Utah Prairie Dog Translocation Success, Bonnie Stokes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

The Utah prairie dog (Cynomys parvidens) is a threatened species found in southwestern Utah. Utah prairie dogs are small, burrowing squirrels that live in family groups called coteries. Translocation, the intentional capture, movement, and release of animals from one location to another, has been widely used to aid in their recovery; however, post-translocation survival remains low. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of translocating Utah prairie dogs as intact coteries on post-translocation survival.

This study was conducted within the West Desert Recovery Unit in Iron and Beaver Counties, Utah, during July–October 2023 and …

Effects Of Mineral Supplementation On Ovine Performance, Forage Selectivity, And Rangeland Utilization In Southern Utah, Ryan A. Spurling

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Sheep producers in the Intermountain West region of the US rely on productive rangeland ecosystems that vary widely in forage composition and nutrient availability. As such, supplementation is often necessary to offset dietary deficiencies. Soils and forages grown on rangelands are known to be highly variable in mineral content. Even so, a third to half of the producers in the Intermountain West choose not to provide a complete mineral supplement. Rangeland environments are often characterized by rugged geographical features that make optimal supplement placement difficult. New advances in technology have allowed us to measure individual animal intake on rangelands via …

Alfalfa Yield, Quality, And Nutrient Use Response To Pivot Sprinkler Technology, Deficit Irrigation, And Genetics, Dakota Boren

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

In water limited environments, alfalfa is often criticized for its high water use, prompting implementation of new irrigation technologies, deficit irrigation, and adapted crop genetics. Cumulative potential benefits from combining, or stacking, these water-optimizing practices have not been identified. The objective of this on-farm research study was to determine how irrigation technologies, deficit irrigation, genetics, and combinations of these practices impact alfalfa yield and forage quality. Trials were conducted at three sites in Utah from 2020 to 2022 on young alfalfa stands (establishment and first one to three production years). Treatments included five irrigation technologies, four irrigation rates, and two …

A Mixed Methods Analysis On The Effect Of Active Learning On Extraneous Cognitive Load Within Undergraduate Statistics Courses, Michelle Brady Rich

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Students enrolled in college-level statistics courses often lack the foundational skills of statistical concepts which can potentially lead to increased mental load. Additionally, the curricula within undergraduate classes often focus on traditional theory with little student exploration or participation. This combination of increased mental load and passive lectures can be explored through the Cognitive Load Theory (CLT). CLT examines how new information enters the limited capacity of an individual’s working memory and how exceeding this capacity affects the ability to transfer the information to long-term memory. This research focused on the extraneous cognitive load, or the load imposed by the …

Examining Motivations And Perceptions In Secondary Technology And Engineering Education: A Gendered Analysis Using The Fit-Choice Scale, Abigail Villanueva

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

This study examined why individuals choose to become secondary technology and engineering education (TEE) teachers and whether motivations differ between men and women. TEE programs help prepare students for careers in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), yet schools face teacher shortages and low female representation in the field. Understanding what draws people to this profession can support better recruitment and retention efforts. Sixty-six current TEE teachers completed a survey about the factors that influenced their decision to teach. Overall, the strongest motivations were a personal interest in teaching, enjoyment of working with young people, and the desire to make …

Food-Form Delivery Of Spore-Forming Probiotics As An Alternative To Gavage In Animal Models, Aubreyona Faith Migliori Skalka

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Western dietary patterns are characterized by nutrient-poor, calorie-rich diets and have been linked to poor health outcomes and gut inflammation phenotypes. Probiotics are often taken to support gut health, but many beneficial bacteria do not survive transport through the digestive system to produce any effect. Spore-forming bacteria, such as Bacillus coagulans, are more resilient due to their hardy outer coat which aids in survival through many obstacles encountered in the gastrointestinal tract, including acidic stomach conditions. In research studies, probiotics are usually given to mice through a procedure called oral gavage, where a tube is used to deliver the …

Domestic Cow Of Plenty: Gender And Womanhood In The Bhāgavata Purāṇa, Harshika Ajay Gupta

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

This thesis examines gender and womanhood in the Bhāgavata Purāṇa (Bhāgavata), a Sanskrit text from the 10th century CE that holds an important theological and cultural position in contemporary Hindu traditions. It decodes the Bhāgavata’s unique perspectives on the following: (1) gender, sex, sexuality, and reproduction, (2) women’s social normativity, and (3) women’s personhood and agency. This thesis argues that the Bhāgavata contains a unique theorization of gender and sex as well as a positive valuation of femininity, and that it imbues its narratives with practical resources and actions to recognize and expand the agentive capacity of women.

For scholars …

Mechanisms Of Life History Trade-Offs In The Evolution Of Eusociality, Frances Katherine Hunter

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

When faced with stressors such as pathogen infection, organisms must invest energy in defense or risk death. Because resources are limited, mounting an immune response often comes at the expense of other costly activities such as reproduction. The costs of immunity are shaped by factors including behavior, nutrition, age, and evolutionary history.

Social insects (e.g., ants, bees, and wasps) offer a powerful system for studying these trade-offs because queens in these colonies appear to escape them—living long lives while reproducing prolifically. Bees, which include species that range from those which nest solitarily to those with complex social systems and many …

Effect Of Agroecological Feeding Systems Of Dairy Cattle On The Nutritional Composition Of Milk, Sree Bhavya Immadi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

How food is produced can influence both its nutritional quality and its impact on the environment. In recent years, regenerative (agroecological) farming practices have gained attention for their potential to improve soil health, biodiversity, and the nutritional value of foods. In dairy production, these practices often involve growing more diverse forage crops, reducing soil disturbance, and relying less on monoculture-grown feed rations. However, there is still limited real-world evidence showing how these practices affect the nutritional composition of milk produced on commercial dairy farms.

This dissertation explores how regenerative feeding and feed production practices influence the nutritional quality of milk, …

Effects Of Serum And Commercial Serum-Free Media On Development Of In Vitro Produced (Ivp) Embryos In Cattle, Kyla Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Serum-containing media has been shown to increase incidence of large offspring syndrome and to alter gene expression, protein synthesis, and cell signaling. These factors together can result in increased pregnancy loss when combined with assisted reproduction technologies. However, there are very few direct comparisons of commercial serum-free media (IVF Bioscience™) and serum-containing media on both IVF and cloned embryo development in cattle. The aim of this study was to determine the role of serum in oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development. Three culture systems, including in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro culture (IVC), were used in this study. Both …