Digital Commons Network^™

Solvent-Free Ball-Milling Synthesis Of 1,2-Disubstituted Benzimidazoles, Zachary A. Jaffery, Katherine E. Christopher, Kyle A. Grice

DePaul Discoveries

The search for sustainability in chemistry has led to the development of the field of Green Chemistry, comprised by 12 guiding principles. Existing syntheses of benzimidazoles, a heterocycle widely used in medicinal chemistry, utilize methods with much room for improved sustainability. This work presents a solventless mechanochemical synthesis of 1,2-disubsituted substituted benzimidazoles from the condensation of phenylenediamines and aryl aldehydes. The effect of milling aid on yield and selectivity was investigated and montmorillonite K10 was determined to be the best milling aid. The purification protocol was optimized as well, with a heptane:EtOAc extraction and subsequent recrystallization from EtOH found to …

Fish Tissue Digestion And Microplastic Polymer Identification Protocol Using Open-Source Ftir Database, Shawn L. Kissinger, Vick-Ariel Privert, Jason Bystriansky, Kyle A. Grice

DePaul Discoveries

Microplastic (MP) contamination in aquatic ecosystems poses significant concerns for environmental and public health, as seafood represents a critical food source worldwide. Despite increasing evidence of MP presence in marine organisms, efficient and accessible detection methods remain essential for characterizing contamination patterns and informing regulatory frameworks. This study extracted MPs from brain, gill, intestine, liver, and muscle tissues of gilt-head bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), two commercially important species from the Gulf of Cádiz, Spain, using a NaOH–HNO₃ chemical digestion protocol. Isolated particles were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, with …

Crystal Structural Analysis Of Medieval Human Bones Using Wide-Angle X-Ray Scattering, Selly Altangerel, Leslie Gracia

DePaul Discoveries

Female human second metacarpal (mc2) bones from a medieval cemetery at Wharram Percy, England, were studied using high-energy Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) at beamline 1-ID of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. The age-at-death of 33 samples was determined from molar wear and classified into 3 groups:  18-30, 30-50, and 50+ years old.  Rietveld refinements of the WAXS data were performed to obtain lattice parameters of the hexagonal carbonated apatite phase (cAp). Individual fittings for cAp peaks 00.2, 00.4, and 31.0 were performed to obtain their widths and correlate them to collagen retention. For the three samples described …

Polymer Production From Biogenic Feedstocks, Natalie M. Durdle Miss

Defensive Publications Series

1. This document outlines a standardized, closed-loop biological framework for manufacturing high-tensile structural fibers capable of supporting high-altitude or orbital infrastructure. The pipeline eliminates the requirement for traditional heavy industrial refinery infrastructure by utilizing a re-engineered multi-organism bacterial substrate. Through co-cultured metabolic pathways, engineered microorganisms systematically convert base carbon inputs into volatile propane and ammonia gases. These gases are captured, reacted via ammoxidation, and carbonized to generate advanced carbon-fiber matrices suitable for aerospace tether deployments.

Vertebrate Diversity In Cave Systems Of Colombia: An Approach Based On Environmental Dna Metabarcoding Analysis, Rita Daniela Martinelli Marín, Carlos Andres Lasso, Francesco Sauro, Susana Josefina Caballero

International Journal of Speleology

There is currently limited knowledge of the biological communities inhabiting cave ecosystems in South America. This study examines the vertebrate community composition of 21 caves across diverse subterranean ecosystems in Colombia using environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis. Water was collected from water bodies inside caves and subterranean systems in six of the eight speleological regions of Colombia in eight departments. Water was filtered manually through a 0.8 m pore size filter and preserved with Longmire solution. A 170-base pair (bp) fragment of the 12s mitochondrial gene specific for vertebrate identification was amplified by PCR and sequenced by Illumina (metabarcoding). Data corresponding …

Foundations Of Topological Substrate Mechanics (Tsm): A Cross-Disciplinary Field Manual For The Dehp Framework, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This technical disclosure establishes the foundational framework for Topological Substrate Mechanics (TSM), a unified, cross-disciplinary field of physical and computational science derived from the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) model. TSM replaces the classical paradigm of independent fundamental forces, localized point-like particles, and ungrounded informational parameters with a singular, continuous mechanism: the non-linear, viscoelastic deformation of a two-dimensional (2D) phase fluid substrate operating at absolute harmonic equilibrium (z=0). Three-dimensional (3D) physical matter, biological complex systems, and machine-learning attention distributions are unified under a shared volumetric geometry. Matter is formalized as a high-tension amplitude wave crest (z>0) bound via geodesic …

Cryptobiotic Neuromorphic Architecture (Cna): Volumetric Glass-Phase Memory Hibernation For Zero-Power Fault-Tolerant Ai, Johny Manuel-Devadoss, Jayden Jack Johnson

Defensive Publications Series

State-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) and neuromorphic hardware suffer from massive static power consumption due to continuous memory-refresh cycles and leakage currents, we introduce the Cryptobiotic Neuromorphic Architecture (CNA). CNA bypasses traditional von Neumann and non-volatile memory (NVM) paradigms by utilizing a novel Vitrifactor-driven Chalcogenide Matrix (VCM).

When structural components of a neural network (sub-graphs, weights, or attention heads) become inactive, the system triggers a localized, simulated chemical transition called Vitrification. This transition locks active weights into a zero-power, non-volatile "glassy" state (Dormant Memory), structurally immune to cosmic radiation, thermal fluctuations, and total power deprivation. Upon activation signals, the state …

Caldwell Universal Open-Hardware Cancer Research Ecosystem (Cucore-1.0): — Integrated Engineering Architecture For Precision Oncology Research, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Abstract

This disclosure introduces the Caldwell Universal Open-Hardware Cancer Research Ecosystem (CUCORE-1.0), an integrated engineering architecture intended to support future oncology research through open scientific collaboration. Rather than proposing a single therapeutic intervention, CUCORE organizes numerous previously disclosed open-hardware engineering systems into a unified research framework designed to improve laboratory investigation, precision diagnostics, non-invasive therapeutic delivery, extracorporeal blood-conditioning research, computational oncology, biomarker monitoring, immunoengineering, and AI-assisted systems integration.

The architecture incorporates prior Caldwell Technical Disclosure Commons publications involving acoustofluidics, focused ultrasound concepts, vortex fluid dynamics, microbubble engineering, plasma-assisted processing, extracorporeal circulation research, adaptive sensing, AI-guided monitoring, non-invasive drug delivery, biomedical …

Caldwell–Copilot Universal Oncology Research Stack (Uors‑1.0) Unified Multi‑Layer Cancer Research Acceleration Architecture, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Abstract

UORS‑1.0 is an open‑hardware, multi‑layer oncology research acceleration platform integrating mRNA cancer‑payload research, vortex–acoustic systems, microbubble platforms, extracorporeal conditioning engines, non‑invasive delivery architectures, regenerative neuro‑vascular research tools, and global oncology breakthroughs.

This is not a treatment. It is a research acceleration architecture for modeling tumor mechanisms, exploring microenvironment dynamics, accelerating nanoparticle and mRNA payload research, enhancing biological‑process mapping, and supporting non‑clinical oncology experimentation.

Caldwell Open‑Hardware Oncology Research Platform (C‑Ohrp V1.0) A Modular, Non‑Clinical Testbed For Mrna Cancer Vaccine And Immunotherapy Delivery, Sensing, And Thermal Management, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Abstract

Recent evidence, including a 2026 review in The Lancet, confirms that mRNA vaccines are robustly effective against infectious diseases and show strong promise for cancer immunotherapy, particularly in melanoma and in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, critical barriers remain: delivery to the right tissue, control of the treatment environment, and reproducible measurement of immune response and toxicity.

The Caldwell Open‑Hardware Oncology Research Platform (C‑OHRP v1.0) is a modular, non‑clinical research platform that integrates the most relevant elements of the Caldwell open‑hardware portfolio to improve the viability of mRNA cancer vaccine and immunotherapy programs. It does not claim to …

Rethinking Vaginal Microbiome Resilience: A Conceptual Multi-Omic Framework, Brittnee Cagle-White, Rob E. Carpenter, Alaina Vincent, Ellen Kominek, Andrew Krouse

Human Resource Development Faculty Publications and Presentations

The vaginal microbiome is often interpreted through static taxonomic patterns. Yet microbial composition alone does not explain why some communities resist perturbation, recover after disruption, or transition toward dysbiosis. This narrative review synthesizes evidence that vaginal microbiome stability is shaped by endocrine phase, epithelial substrate availability, microbial functional capacity, mucosal tone and candidate host modifiers. High-estrogen states, particularly pregnancy, are associated with epithelial maturation, glycogen accumulation, low vaginal pH, and Lactobacillus-dominant communities, whereas postpartum, lactational, menopausal, and other hypoestrogenic states are associated with reduced epithelial support and increased vulnerability to diverse anaerobe-rich configurations. We review the linking of the estrogen–glycogen–Lactobacillus …

Testing Elicitors Of Homologous Jadr2 Proteins To Regulate Natural Product Production, Carzon J. Williams, Emilee A. Patterson, Allison S. Walker

SPARK Symposium Presentations

The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has and will contribute to global economic and public health concerns in the foreseeable future leading into 2050. As mortality rates derived from AMR are projected to reach 10 million if no viable solution is found to combat it through hastened drug discovery. The use of natural products to mitigate AMRs effects is viable as more than 50% of FDA approved drugs are natural products. These natural products are synthesized by biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC), found in bacteria with a regulatory protein not allowing transcription until unbound . Current methods of eliciting the …

An Anthropological Lens Into Human Milk Mirnas: Roles In Evolution And Epigenetic Programming Of Infant Health, Samantha Wu, Erika Yu, Allison Oh, Chantal Rabay, Amy L. Non

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent an understudied bioactive component of human milk with an important epigenetic role in regulating infant gene expression. Most anthropological studies of human milk have focused on the evolutionary and biocultural significance of milk macronutrient content for infant development. This review will focus specifically on the value of studying milk miRNAs, a critical bioactive component of milk that may transmit cues to offspring about maternal environments. These cues could epigenetically program infant development and shape health trajectories throughout the life course. MiRNAs are short, single stranded, ribonucleic acids that serve as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression which can …

The Exploration Of The Antidiabetic Potentialities Of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria Siceraria) Fruits Through In Vivo, In Vitro And In Silico Approaches, Arifa Sultana, Fahima Aktar, Fabiha Noushin, Mariam Wahed, Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury, Abu Asad Chowdhury, Shaila Kabir, Md. Shah Amran

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Due to the ineffectiveness, side effects, and high cost of conventional drugs, medicinal plants grabbed the attention to treat diabetes, which has been a global health concern nowadays. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antidiabetic potentialities of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) fruits in in vivo, in vitro, and in silico methods. For the in vivo assessment, alloxan-induced diabetic rats were fed food mixed with bottle gourd powder for 21 days. For the in vitro assessment, the alpha-amylase inhibitory assay was used to determine the antidiabetic properties of an ethanolic extract of L. siceraria. For the …

Optimized Immunoprecipitation Identifies Candidate Proteins Associated With Eyespot Protein Eye2 In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ​, Esra Öztürk, Telsa Mittelmeier, Carol Dieckmann, Atakan Sukatar

Turkish Journal of Botany

​The EYE2 protein is essential for eyespot assembly and localization in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying its function remain poorly understood. In this study, we present a systematic evaluation and optimization of an immunoprecipitation (IP)-based workflow for isolating EYE2 and its associated protein complexes. Key methodological variables including strain selection, flagella removal, and detergent concentration were compared using western blotting to determine optimal extraction conditions. The combination of the cell wall-deficient cw15 strain, 4% digitonin extraction, and pH shock-mediated deflagellation significantly enhanced IP specificity and reproducibility. Using this optimized protocol, EYE2 and its potential interaction partners were isolated …

Different Chitinase Activity In Nutrient-Enriched Multi-Antagonistic Streptomyces Sp. And Trichoderma Sp. Against Root-Knot Nematodes Meloidogyne Sp., Tri Mujoko, Penta Suryaminarsih, Safira Rizka Lestari

Baghdad Science Journal

The threat of root-knot nematodes to horticultural and plantation crops is a grave concern. To combat this issue, using bacteria and fungi as biological control agents is an effective and efficient approach. This research aims to evaluate the efficacy of Streptomyces sp. strains PS23104 and Trichoderma sp. when grown on nutrient-enriched media as a biological control agent for root-knot nematodes Streptomyces sp. PS23104 and Trichoderma sp. were cultured on enriched EKG media with malt extract, glucose nitrate, pure coconut water, and molasses, while potato extract media without nutrient addition served as the control. The findings indicate that both Streptomyces sp. …

Bioactivity Of Chitosan Coated Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Yeast Against Hypervirulent Klebsiella Pneumoniae (Hvkp), Sura Alaa Suod, Huda Suhail Abid Al-Hayanni

Baghdad Science Journal

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are becoming one of the most pressing problems worldwide and are becoming difficult to treat; therefore, nanotechnology is a promising alternative technology. The current study aimed to biosynthesize chitosan Saccharomyces cerevisiae nanoparticles (ScNPs) and evaluate their antibacterial activity against hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (HvKp). Five K. pneumoniae isolates from different clinical sources were screened for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production and virulence tests. ScNPs were synthesized and characterized. The antibacterial activity of ScE and ScNPs was determined. The result showed that five bacterial isolates were confirmed as K. pneumoniae and displayed highly virulent and resistant capabilities, hence classifying them …

Advancing Data-Driven Health Research From The All Of Us Data Training And Engagement Program, Kristi Sadowski, Debran Tarver, Jennifer Burnette, Allissa Dillman, Regina Renfro, Lafrancis Gibson, Kelli Bursey, Laura Bartlett, Nadine Bonds-Bishop, Lisa Connor, Efraín Flores-Rivera, Sarah Joseph, Yuqi He, Margaret Henderson, Savannah L. Kelley, Maletta Payne, Brett Porter, Kimberly Prosper, Melissa Rethlefsen, For Full Author List, See Comments Below

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Fulfilling a recognized need in data skills training for academic librarians, the National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program collaborated to enhance academic library workers’ skills in biomedical and public health data, as well as their library's research capacity, through the awareness and use of the All of Us Researcher Workbench. Case Presentation: The All of Us Data Training and Engagement Program for Academic Libraries (ALP) blended professional development training, hands-on learning, and peer-to-peer networking that focused on increasing knowledge of the All of Us Researcher Workbench. Activities were designed to …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

Erginia (Asteraceae: Cichorieae: Crepidinae), A New Genus Accommodating Chondrilla Spinosa, An Orphan Species Of Localized Distribution In Southeastern Anatolia, Murat Erdem Güzel, Kami̇l Coşkunçelebi̇, Serdar Makbul, Mutlu Gültepe, Zeynepnur Alemdağ, Norbert Kilian

Turkish Journal of Botany

The new genus Erginia is established to accommodate Chondrilla spinosa, a species of previously uncertain systematic placement, with a highly localized distribution in Southeastern Anatolia (Türkiye) on alpine screes along two mountain ridges. Although there has been general agreement that the species is a member of the subtribe Crepidinae in its wider sense, including the Chondrillinae, its placement in Chondrilla is based on the superficial resemblance of its achene features, which also do not match any other known genus, and no molecular phylogenetic analysis had clarified its sister group. In this study, we produce additional micro- and macromorphological as well …

Integrative Data Inform The Taxonomy Of Salix: A Case Study Of S. Purpurea L. Subsp. Leucodermis Yalt. (Salicaceae) From Türkiye, Peli̇n Acar, Yasi̇n Kaya, Dudu Özlem Mavi̇ İdman, Irina V. Belyaeva

Turkish Journal of Botany

The study of endemic species provides valuable perspectives on evolutionary history and future targets for their conservation. Salix purpurea L. subsp. leucodermis Yalt., which is endemic to Sandras Mountain in Türkiye, was analysed using morphological, anatomical, and genomic methods. This study presents the first draft short-read sequence of S. purpurea subsp. leucodermis, providing preliminary genomic evidence of differentiation from related taxa. This study also revealed a specific combination of anatomical features (prominent calcium oxalate crystals and amphistomatous leaves) and morphological characteristics (striated wood, glabrous buds, absence of stipules) that differentiate the taxon in question from the closely related species S. …

Water-Driven Reactivation Of Photosystem Ii In Plagiochasma Appendiculatum, Vineet Soni, Upma Bhatt, Yashwant Sompura

Turkish Journal of Botany

Plagiochasma appendiculatum, a desiccation-tolerant liverwort, offers a unique system for unraveling the biophysical dynamics of photosynthetic recovery upon rehydration. This study employed high-resolution chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) kinetics to clarify the sequential reactivation of photosystem II (PSII) during the desiccation-to-rehydration transition. Upon desiccation, the OJIP transient collapsed into a linear trace, indicating complete photochemical arrest and inactivation of PSII reaction centers (RCs). Rehydration triggered a biphasic recovery, including an initial rapid phase (0–30 min) marked by sharp increases in F0 and Fm , indicative of PSII–LHCII supercomplex reassembly and thylakoid membrane restoration, followed by a stabilization phase (30–125 min) wherein …

Association Of Calcium-Sensing Receptor (Casr) Gene Polymorphisms With Calcium Stone Disease In Babylon Province, Iraq., Hadi Sajid Abdulabbas, Yasir Haider Al-Mawlah, Aamal Muhsen Kadhum

Baghdad Science Journal

In an effort to identify the polymorphism's ultimate function in calcium stone development, an evaluation of the link between calcium stone disease and CaSR polymorphism in the population of Babylon Province, Iraq, was performed. 60 patients were hospitalized at Hillah Hospital in the province of Babylon. Blood samples were collected between January and December 2020. Sixty patients diagnosed with renal stones and forty healthy controls were included in the study. CaSR single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using the single-strand conformation polymorphism technique after a polymerase chain reaction. In order to confirm these DNA polymorphisms, DNA sequencing was employed. The findings …

Prevalence Of Torovirus, Rotavirus, And Adenovirus Infection Among Iraqi Pediatric Patients With Gastroenteritis, Eman A. Mahmood, Nadira S. Mohamed, Safaa Al-Deen A. S. Al-Qaysi

Baghdad Science Journal

Gastroenteritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children, particularly in developing countries. Rotavirus, adenovirus, and torovirus are among the common viral agents associated with pediatric gastroenteritis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of these viruses and to evaluate diagnostic methods for torovirus infection among Iraqi children. A total of 250 stool samples were collected from pediatric patients aged from 2 weeks to over 10 years who attended Children's Protection Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, between December 2023 and August 2024. The samples were screened for the presence of rotavirus, enteric adenovirus, and torovirus antigens using the Hemagglutination …

Longitudinal Patterns In Stygobiont Distribution In The Hyporheic Zone Of The Karst Spring-Fed San Marcos River, Texas, Usa, Kenneth Sparks, Benjamin F. Schwartz, Safra Altman, Kathryn E. Perez, Zoey B. Chanin, Caroline Mierzejewski, Benjamin T. Hutchins

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences Faculty Publications

Groundwater-obligate taxa (stygobionts) exhibit variable degrees of habitat specialization, ranging from those restricted to single micro-habitats to generalists occurring in a broad range of habitat types. The karstic Edwards Aquifer is the most biodiverse and well-studied groundwater habitat in the continental United States, but some Edwards Aquifer-associated species also occupy the hyporheic zone of rivers downstream from karst. The goals of this research were to 1) assess the potential of the off-karst hyporheic zone as habitat for ‘karst’ species and 2) to determine how stygobiont richness, diversity, and abundance related to distance from karst in the hyporheic zone of a …

Vamorolone For Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy A Cross-Trial Efficacy Comparison With Classic Corticosteroids From The For-Dmd Trial, Paula R. Clemens, Anders Berglund, Marianela Schiava, Meredith K. James, Michael P. Mcdermott, Katherine Bushby, Erik Lampa, Edward Thomas James Rochford, Leanne M. Ward, Robert C. Griggs, Eric P. Hoffman, Michela Guglieri

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

Background and Objectives: Vamorolone demonstrated similar efficacy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) compared with prednisone in a 24-week exploratory analysis and may reduce key side effects compared with classic corticosteroids. In this study, we compare the efficacy and anthropometric effect of vamorolone 6 mg/kg/d with prednisone 0.75 mg/kg/d and deflazacort 0.9 mg/kg/d in steroid-naïve boys aged 4 to < 7 years using data from 2 trials. Methods: VISION-DMD was a phase 2b, 48-week randomized, double-blind trial assessing vamorolone 2 and 6 mg/kg/d vs placebo and prednisone 0.75 mg/kg/d to 24 weeks. Finding the Optimum Steroid Regimen for DMD (FOR-DMD) was a double-blind, parallel-group randomized trial comparing daily prednisone 0.75 mg/kg/d, daily deflazacort 0.9 mg/kg/d, and intermittent prednisone 0.75 mg/kg (10/10 days on/off). Entropy balancing generated weighted data for mixed model for repeated measures analyses that compared VISION-DMD vamorolone 6 mg/kg/d efficacy and anthropometric outcomes with FOR-DMD prednisone and deflazacort outcomes at 6 and 12 months. Inclusion criteria were boys with genetically confirmed DMD, age 4 to < 7 years, ambulatory, and able to complete a time-to-stand (TTSTAND) assessment in < 10 seconds at baseline. Results: All interventions showed motor improvements relative to baseline at 6 and 12 months. Using the weighted cohorts and at 12 months, vamorolone 6 mg/kg/d (n = 28) had similar changes in TTSTAND velocity, the primary motor endpoint component in both trials, vs daily prednisone (n = 50) or deflazacort (n = 55; mean baseline age 5.42 years all groups), but with CIs overlapping minimal clinically important thresholds of 0.023 rises per second (TTSTAND velocity least squares mean [LSM] difference [95% CI]: vamorolone 6 mg/kg/d vs prednisone 0.75 mg/kg/d, 0.004 rises per second [−0.025 to 0.032] and vs deflazacort 0.9 mg/kg/d, 0.001 rises per second [−0.027 to 0.028]). Body mass index (BMI) Z-scores increased in all groups, greatest with vamorolone (12-month LSM difference [95% CI]: vamorolone vs prednisone 0.57 [0.24–0.90]; vamorolone vs deflazacort 0.29 [0.03–0.56]), whereas growth slowdown occurred in prednisone- and deflazacort-treated boys but not vamorolone (12-month LSM difference in height Z-scores [95% CI]: vamorolone vs prednisone 0.57 [0.24–0.90]; vamorolone vs deflazacort 0.72 [0.53–0.91]). Discussion: Vamorolone demonstrated numerically similar TTSTAND velocity changes to prednisone and deflazacort at 1 year; however, interpretations of differences are limited by 95% CIs crossing minimally important difference thresholds. Further evidence of the growth-protective effect of vamorolone was observed; however, all treatments increased BMI. Vamorolone provides a linear growth-protective classic corticosteroid alternative.

Unveiling The Diversity Within Salvia Caespitosa Sensu Lato (Lamiaceae): Three New “Hidden” Endemic Species From Türkiye​, Ferhat Celep, Musa Doğan, Gali̇p Akaydin, Ahmet Kahraman, Ersi̇n Karabacak, Ömer Çeçen, Meti̇n Armağan, Chun-Lei Xiang, Bryan T. Drew

Turkish Journal of Botany

Documenting species, particularly those that are threatened or endangered, is fundamental to biodiversity conservation. However, many taxa remain scientifically unrecognized, being either undiscovered or unpublished. While some plants can be easily recognized as new species, other identifications are obscured by morphological, taxonomic, and nomenclatural complexity. Detecting cryptic or “hidden” species is therefore essential to understanding biodiversity and plant evolution. Our revisionary studies on Salvia demonstrate that the morphologically complex Salvia caespitosa is not a single species but instead comprises at least four distinct species, three with narrow distributions. This conclusion is supported by integrative evidence from extensive field studies, herbarium …

Cnkg: Harnessing Large Language Models For Cognitive Neuroscience Knowledge Graph Construction, Ali Sarabadani, Kheirollah Rahsepar Fard, Hamid Dalvand

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Textual resources are among the most valuable sources of information in cognitive neuroscience (CN) for understanding and investigating brain activity and cognitive processes. Extracting and constructing knowledge graphs (KGs) from these texts can facilitate medical research by providing deeper insights into neurological diseases and brain function. In recent years, the use of large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing (NLP) has become increasingly widespread, significantly enhancing the extraction of meaningful information from large volumes of text. This study proposes a novel approach for constructing and evaluating a specialized knowledge graph, termed the cognitive neuroscience knowledge graph (CNKG), from scientific …

Distributed Impressions: How Multiple Minds Come Together To Shape Person Perception, Lindsey J. Tepfer

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Moments after perceiving another person, we immediately infer a wealth of information about them. Despite the complexities within our social environments, we distill an incredible magnitude of details available to us into compressed representations of other people’s minds and mannerisms. Yet research has focused largely on mapping isolated stimuli—divorced from its messy context—to the spontaneous impressions they provoke. As a result, there are many unanswered questions about how our judgments are influenced by the rich and noisy social world we inhabit. Here, I’ve leveraged two paradigms to investigate how impression formation and updating may operate when the constraints of the …

Mxene-Based Optical Fiber Sensors For Chemical And Biosensing: Review And Perspectives, Chen Zhu, Huaijun Guan, Chenxi Huang, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.