Digital Commons Network^™

The Role Of Streetscape Properties To Achieve User’S Aesthetic Response, Rawaa Fawzi Naom Abbawi, Neda Khalil Ibrahim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Urban spaces, as part of the city that could shape landscape are needed to form an essential systemic part of the city and due to the lack of streetscape as part of the city landscape to the demands and that achieves user’s respond and interact. This study is concerned with user’s demands related to streetscape and the role that is played by it’s various elements through a responsive design to user’s needs from an aesthetic point of view, The hypothesis of this study is manifested through “Disparity and deferential user’s aesthetical response to the various characteristics of streetscape as relevant …

The Effect Of Religious Monuments In The Plan Of The Arabianislamic City Samarra City – Case Study, Asma Niazy Taher, Mahdi Saleh A.H. Al-Ataabi, Zaid Mohammed Al-Abbasi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Religious monument is considered as one of the most distinguished elements which form one of the components of architectural structure, religious monument’s importance stands out from the religious affiliation of the city’s people (Spiritual affiliation). Also considered one of the distinguished architectural elements and recognized architectural identity, which have drawn the mental image for the formation of religious cities in people’s memory. The research depends on studying the plans of the religious cities specifically the Arabian Islamic cities; for its religious importance and the clearness of the religious factor’s impact in its creation and planning, and from reviewing the previous …

The Application Of Fengshuiin The Design Of Contemporary Architecture And Its Environment, Areej Kareem Al-Sadkhan, Lena Auday Hatem

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This research discuss a scientific vision about the natural components of the environment and its effect on the urban environment and human in particular, all this will be discussed within the framework of an ancient discipline known in China as the art to determine the best conditions for the construction of buildings or development of cities, called "FengShui".It is a practical technique, designed to find the right place, good direction, good shape, good proportion and good arrangement for designing the best environment in which to live. "FengShui" is a mean of assessing the environment and provides the techniques for local …

The Effect Of Morphological Changes In Urban Fabric On Its Syntactical Properties-A Case Study In Mosul Old Suq-, Mumtaz Hazim Aldauji, Hussain Salmaan Albutani, Ayad Waleed Jalal

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Urban centers had been grew and expanded gradually with a little renewal of their parts . In the past, this process was very slowly due to limited development in needs .Most renewal works occurred as a response to destruction caused by natural disasters or wars . This was true until the industrial revolution which was accompanied with a dramatic changes in transportation systems and the necessity to erect wide streets in most historic centers .In many cases ,these works did not take in consideration the importance of spatial attributes of such centers . Assuming that syntactical properties of any urban …

Formal Characteristics Of Vernacular Architecture In Erbil City And Other Iraqi Cities, Mahmood Ahmed Bakir Khayat, Binyad Maruf Abdulkadir Khaznadar

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

No abstract provided.

Landscape Architecture In Architectural Education, Rawaa Fawzi Naom Abbawi, Ahmed Yousif Al Omary

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Landscape design is taught at Iraqi architectural colleges at the 4th stage in one semester. Due to the increasing importance of this material and its environmental, ecological, aesthetic and designing impacts on design and in order to reinforce its role in the architectural learning in the undergraduate and postgraduate studies at the architectural departments, the study problem focus on the deficiency of attention paid for this material and the qualification of the graduated architect. Search has been made in both Arabic and foreign universities and institutes to examine the teaching of this material as related to curriculum, teaching hours and …

Characteristics Of Urban Housing Units And Their Relation To The Economic And Social Characteristics Of Their Residents - A Field Study On The City Of Mosul, Mumtaz Hazim Aldauji

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Iraqi cities have a rapid growth in their urban area with explosive populationincrease. This growth is accompanied with advent of various residential pattems. Thephenomenon is conspicuously explicit in Mosul as the major urban center in the northregion of Iraq.The hypothesis which states that residential pattems -by means of their physicalfeatures and location within urban area- are correlated with the occupants'characteristics including demographic, socio-economic, ethnic, cultural . . etc. isadopted and to be tested in order to determine the nature and scope ofthis relationshipin Mosul.

Stop Preventing Prevention: Securing Minors' Access To Hiv Care, Sarah Steadman

Health Matrix: The Journal of Law-Medicine

A troubling state legislative trend is emerging, marked by regressive restrictions on minors’ sexual health care autonomy, which increases their risk of HIV infection. This trend aligns with the current political hostility towards access to reproductive health care, including minors’ access to contraceptives. Access to HIV preventive care may become collateral damage as politicized parental control legislation aims to roll back established norms that recognized the public health imperative of allowing minorsto independently consent to sexual health care, including HIV testing and treatment, thereby encouraging their uptake. This backsliding is occurring as rates of HIV infection among youth are unacceptably …

Kissing Up, Kicking Down: How Brics Enables South African Sub-Imperialism, Karan Kuppa-Apte

Bates College Journal of Political Studies

South Africa has framed its BRICS membership as a strategic pivot from the West to the Global South. However, the country remains close to the Western-led order and reproduces unequal economic relations with its regional neighbors. This paper argues that South Africa's inability to break its dependency on the West and reorient itself towards BRICS is caused by an elite-driven approach to IPE that deepens longstanding dependencies, feeds into corruption, and encourages accumulation by dispossession. After establishing a theoretical framework based on dependency theory, world systems theory, and sub-imperialism, this paper identifies the minerals-energy complex (MEC), neoliberal post-apartheid reforms, and …

Guerillas, Manpads, And How To Shift A Conflict In Favor Of The Weaker Side, Augustus Mfxu Giller

Bates College Journal of Political Studies

The Soviet Afghan War has emerged in popular culture and scholarship as a quintessential case of an innovative and superior technology being able to foil an enemy that would have otherwise emerged as the victor of a conflict. This is almost always in reference to the Afghan Mujahedin being able to counter technologically superior Soviet MI-24 Gunship Helicopters with American heat-seeking missiles. However, this assumption is largely shortsighted to the actual dynamics present in the Soviet Afghan conflict. Specifically, the failure to understand how an unconventional conflict like the Soviet Afghan war is fought, and an ineffective assessment of the …

Everybody Wants To Rule The World: How Ballistic Missile Defenses Can Reduce The Risk Of War, Aanya Ghosh

Bates College Journal of Political Studies

Debates over ballistic missile defense often assume that defensive capability inherently destabilizes deterrence by eroding mutual vulnerability. This article challenges that assumption by arguing that the strategic effects of missile defense are neither predetermined nor uniform. Limited and layered defensive systems generate two simultaneous pressures: stabilizing deterrence-by-denial effects against limited coercive threats and destabilizing uncertainty regarding long-term retaliatory viability. Which mechanism prevails depends not on defensive technology alone, but on policy design—specifically system scale, doctrinal framing, and integration within the broader offense-defense relationship. Drawing on classical deterrence theory, offense-defense scholarship, and contemporary analyses by Roberts, Wilkening, and Daalder, Goldgeier, and …

Four Reconstructions Of Early Vertical Aspirations, Edgar Calabia Samar

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.

An Island Adrift, Jinhyoung Lee

Kritika Kultura

This essay addresses Korean islanders who were produced and disregarded by Japanese colonialism as colonial wasted lives under the Japanese colonial regime on the Korean Peninsula by examining Se-dŏk Ham’s drama “Mui-do Gihaeng” through a conjunction of Zygmunt Bauman’s conception of wasted humans and Giorgio Agamben’s discussion of Auschwitz. As an inevitable and inseparable outcome of the colonial order-building process— particularly in Korean marine territory—colonial wasted lives, rendered disenfranchised and excluded, inhabit a marginal island in the West Sea, where they seek only survival under the constant risk of death, thereby engendering the routinization of death. This condition enables their …

Archipelagic Monstrosity: The Manananggal In Isabel Yap’S “Good Girls”, Kam Tou Pang

Kritika Kultura

Discussions about the monster have always hinged on the modes of othering or assimilation, yet through mobilizing negative and positive affective registers respectively, they both objectify the monster in service of a normativizing agenda of managing the abnormal, eventually inhibiting the monster’s potentialities in feeling and relating otherwise. This essay traces the historicities of the manananggal, a Philippine folkloric monster, and compares key cultural and literary representations within and beyond the Philippines. In particular, it examines the short story “Good Girls” from the speculative short story collection Never Have I Ever (2021) by the transnational Filipina American writer Isabel Yap. …

Post-Anthropocentric Relations Unbound: Affirmative Ethics Of Loneliness In Children’S Robinsonades, Chengcheng You

Kritika Kultura

Informed by critical island studies, loneliness studies and posthumanist thought, with a particular emphasis on Rosi Braidotti’s propositions of affirmative ethics and zoe, this study focuses on children’s Robinsonades, specifically Scott O’Dell’s Island of the Blue Dolphins (1960) and Peter Brown’s The Wild Robot (2016), to examine how the isolation setting intensifies characters’ experiences of loneliness in a productive tension with the island’s abundant ecological responsiveness. It delves into the shift in loneliness from negative to affirmative, and its narrative potential for crafting a posthuman condition in which the recognition of zoe elicits post-anthropocentric relations. Through intersectional theoretical lenses, loneliness …

Introduction: Waves Of Emotion: Theorizing Archipelagic Affects, Jeremy De Chavez

Kritika Kultura

This essay introduces this issue’s Forum Kritika on Waves of Emotion: Theorizing Archipelagic Affects which gathers representative papers presented at the Critical Island Studies Colloquium held at the University of Macau in April 2024. It begins with a reflection on the concept of archipelagic affects by first moving affects and emotions beyond the confines of continental thought and then resituating them within an archipelagic frame attuned to colonial histories, diasporic routes, and Indigenous epistemologies, while emphasizing relationality over totality, opacity over mastery, and multiplicity over singularity. To honor that shift, this essay abandons the conventional introductory responsibilities of framing and …

From Affective Placemaking To Fandom Activism: A Reinterpretation Of Contents Tourism In The Context Of K-Drama Fandom, Hanki Jo, Areum Choi

Kritika Kultura

This study reconceptualizes contents tourism not as simple consumption or sightseeing but as a cyclical structure of affective practices—an “affective practice loop”—comprising emotional invocation, spatial performativity, and digital narrativization. This analytical framework explains how fans respond affectively to media narratives, project emotions performatively onto places, and digitally narrativize these experiences, thereby co-constructing personal identity and cultural space. Using the 2024 Korean drama Lovely Runner as a case study, this study shows how this loop is enacted through field-level fan engagement in contents tourism. It further reinterprets fandom practices along this sequence, not as mere media consumption but as fandom activism …

The Practices Of Hallyu Fandom As A Digital Neo-Tribe: Trans-Bricolage And Post-Coding, Soongbeum Ahn, Taeryong Kim

Kritika Kultura

This study examines global Hallyu (Korean Wave) fandom as a pluralistic, heterogeneous counter current within the decentralizing flow of global popular culture. It conceptualizes this fandom as a form of digital neo-tribe and interprets its fluid, ever-shifting character through the theoretical lens of liquidity. To better understand the performative practices of these fan communities, the study adopts and applies the concepts of trans-bricolage and postcoding. Hallyu fandom practices can be broadly divided into two types: cultural practices and economic practices. Cultural practices are expressed through the reappropriation of K-content’s forms and messages via modes such as quotation/commentary, reference/borrowing, and transformation/modification. …

Frontier Crossings Of A 19th Century French Missionary Foundress Of British Malaya: Mathilde Raclot, Anne Vanessa Vincent, Shanthini Pillai, Suziana Mat Saad

Kritika Kultura

This article explores the life and work of Mathilde Raclot, a French Catholic nun who became the first missionary foundress in British Malaya. Catholic nuns were obligated to adhere to stringent canon laws, which mandated them to lead a secluded life immediately upon taking their solemn vows. When Raclot was called to serve in Malaya, embarking on a journey of geographical transitions from European to Asian waterways brought her out of seclusion. We analyze Raclot’s journey to British Malaya by incorporating the concepts of heterogeneous frontiers from the perspective of a female French missionary to unearth gendered perspectives of French …

Emotion Regulation And Autism: A Literature Review, Quinn Bethea

Honors Theses

This comprehensive literature review investigates the increasing research on emotional regulation and autism, as well as the effect they have on each other.

The literature search was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, National Institute of Health, and the Mississippi State Library. The inclusion criteria focused on studies that examined emotion regulation, autism, or the impact of emotion regulation and autism on each other.

The review accomplished several points. First, it defined what autism is, and it defined what emotion regulation is. Second, it examined how autism and emotion regulation, or dysregulation, affect each other. Third, it brought attention …

An Alignment Of Absences: The Medicalization Of Death And Its Implications On Archaeological Methodology, Makayla J. Bowman

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

Absence describes something that is "expected, wanted, or looked for [but] is not present or does not exist," (Merriam-Webster Dictionary 2026). The archaeological discipline interacts with absence in many profound ways, largely in its study of the past dead. This paper focuses on the ways in which the medicalization of death has influenced, limited, and misaligned archaeological methodology, and how the result of those methodologies produces archaeological analysis that is absent of or misrepresents our understanding of life, personhood, and our position within a greater, interconnected biosphere. Thus, I present an anthropological critique of the ways in which death and …

The Brethren In China: Cross-Cultural Relationships Within An Imperial Structure, Sebastian S. Kochall

History and Political Science Student Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Foundations Of Art: Materials, Methods, And Meaning, Elizabeth Mellott

Art OERs

This course provides an introduction to the tools, materials, and processes used across a wide range of artistic media. The focus is on understanding how different materials shape the way art is created and experienced. Attention is given not only to what artists make, but also to why particular media are chosen to communicate specific ideas, emotions, or perspectives. The physical qualities of materials, the methods used, and the cultural meanings attached to them all influence artistic decision-making.

The course surveys several major categories of artistic media. Pigment-based practices include painting, drawing, and printmaking, where color and mark-making form the …

Global Institutions In The Colonial Conquest Of Palestine, Zeeshan Uddin

Student Scholarship

Spring 2026 SOCI 232: Social Policy and Global Issues course.

Research questions:

Question 1: How has Western imperialism historically and contemporarily dominated global policy?

Question 2: How have global institutions (ie. the League of Nations, UN, ICJ, IMF, etc.) shaped and contributed to the ongoing colonialist/imperialist project in Palestine?

Service Providers’ Perceptions Of Mckinney-Vento Implementation: Supporting Academic Performance And Attendance In K-12 Students’ Experiencing Homelessness, Darci Mcrae

Honors Projects

In Wood, Lucas, and Ottawa County, Ohio, approximately 2,508 students or 2.6% of total enrollment experience homelessness. The McKinney-Vento Act (MVA, 1987) aims to reduce educational barriers for these students by ensuring access to transportation, school enrollment, school supplies, and additional educational support. Despite these provisions, the effectiveness of MVA implementation varies among school districts due to differences in staff training, funding, procedures, and the diverse needs of students experiencing homelessness. This study examines service providers’ perceptions of how the MVA is implemented in public school districts and how it affects attendance and academic performance among K–12 students’ experiencing homelessness. …

The American Samoan Oxymoron: The Noncitizen National And The Meaning Of Citizenship, Craig R. Shagin, Delaram Rezaeikhonakdar

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

This article examines the legal distinction between U.S. citizens and noncitizen nationals, with a particular focus on American Samoa. While residents of other U.S. territories—such as Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands—are granted U.S. citizenship by legislation, American Samoa remains the only unincorporated U.S. territory whose inhabitants are recognized as nationals but not citizens. This distinction results in significant political disabilities for American Samoans even when residing in a state, as they may not vote, hold public office, or serve on juries. The article argues that there is no substantive distinction between “citizen” and “noncitizen national” beyond the …

Luja Volume 6: Issue 1 (Full Volume)

Laurier Undergraduate Journal of the Arts

No abstract provided.

Excavating Building C And Plaza A To Discover Ancient Activities At The Ancient Maya Salt Works Of Ch’Ok Ayin, Belize, Alex J. Broussard Jr.

LSU Master's Theses

Ch'ok Ayin is part of over 110 known ancient Maya salt works surveyed in Paynes Creek National Park, Belize. The salt works are associated with wooden architecture preserved below the sea floor and submerged due to sea level rise. The purpose of the excavations of Ch'ok Ayin Building C and Plaza A was to determine the function of the space based on recovered material remains.  An eleven meter transect was placed in Building C to extend inside and outside of the building to capture activity areas associated with the building. A 2 x 2-meter excavation was placed north of Building …

Spatial Distribution Patterns Of Determinants Of Hypertension In West Java In 2023, Meirina Nur Asih Susanti, Wahyu Septiono

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Hypertension is a public health issue that is unevenly distributed across regions. The high prevalence in West Java (34.4%) with a large population makes the management of hypertension crucial. Differences in economic and environmental conditions are thought to influence the distribution of hypertension, thus requiring spatial analysis. This study used an ecological approach by analyzing data from districts/cities in West Java in 2023. Secondary data were used to measure hypertension prevalence and to assess socioeconomic and environmental factors. The analysis was conducted using univariate Moran's Index, Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), and the Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR). The prevalence …

History Of Florence State Teachers College, Susan Kirkman Vaughn

Documents

The story of the History of State Teachers College in Florence, Alabama.