Digital Commons Network^™

Ethical, Regulatory, And Equity Challenges Of Ai In Pharmaceutical Advertising, Samer Imad Mohammed, Fadia Thamir Ahmed

BioMed Visions Journal

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) and chatbots are significantly altering pharmaceutical advertising by facilitating personalized patient engagement and enhancing treatment optimization. Their adoption presents substantial ethical, regulatory, and equity challenges that require thorough analysis. Objectives: The objectives of this review are to analyze: (1) the implementation of AI technologies, such as chatbots and predictive analytics, in pharmaceutical advertising; (2) ethical risks, including algorithmic bias and misinformation; (3) deficiencies in global regulatory frameworks, specifically those of the FDA and EMA; and (4) effects on health equity, with a focus on vulnerable populations. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using several databases with …

Cytotoxicity Of Dimethyl Sulphoxide On Viability Of Peripheral Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Rana Nidhamaldeen Al-Nuri, Francesco Ipsevich, Lazim Subhi Sheet

BioMed Visions Journal

Background: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are cells that can differentiate according to the tissue they are lying in. The transplantation of such cells is either autologous or allogeneic. Autologous storage is required until the patient finishes his intensive chemotherapy. Whilst allogenic storage is required until finding the suitable matched recipient for this cellular therapy. Storage is in deep frozen state (–80° C) with cryoprotectant compound. Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) has been used as cryoprotectant due to its electrophilic property that makes H-bond between DMSO and H₂O, which is 2.6 times stronger than the H bond between two water molecules. …

Grated Green Apple And Its Therapeutic Role In Gastrointestinal Disorders: An Analytical Study Of The Effect Of Pectin In Alleviating Diarrhea, Hamza A Saadallah, Mohammed. Ahb. Al-Krdoshi, Noor M Sultan, Farah Y Gaddawi, Marwa R. S Al Shaaban, Abd Al-Bar Al-Farha, Safa M Salim

BioMed Visions Journal

Gastrointestinal disorders, including diarrhea, represent a significant global health burden, necessitating the exploration of effective and accessible therapeutic strategies. Dietary interventions, particularly those containing soluble fibers such as pectin, have emerged as promising solutions due to their profound impact on gut health and its microbiota. This meta-analysis systematically reviews the current scientific understanding of the multifaceted role of pectin in alleviating diarrhea, with a particular focus on the unique contribution of grated green apple. The analysis delves into pectin's physicochemical properties and mechanisms of action—including water binding, modulation of the gut microbiota, production of short-chain fatty acids, and support of …

Evaluation Of Antifungal Properties Of Shiitake And The Effects Of Its Extracts On Some Pathogenic Fungi, Asal Faiz Hameed Aldabbgh, Abdalkarim S. Hasan Alnuaimi, Inaam Jasim Mohamad

BioMed Visions Journal

The present study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of shiitake mushrooms on some common fungi found in the soil of Mosul City. The fungal extract from Shiitake was prepared using ethanol or water. Different concentrations of the extract were prepared to analyze the antifungal properties of the mushroom by first making a stock solution and then adding specific amounts to the plates containing (Potato Dextrose Agar) PDA medium to achieve the desired concentrations. The active components found in Shiitake were pinpointed through the use of HPLC. The findings revealed how the aqueous extract of Shiitake affected Trichoderma sp. Penicillium …

Premature Ventricular Contractions As A Result Of Subacute Myocarditis In A Professional Football Player, Charlotte Pirquet, Daniel Underberg, Brian Osler, Derek Schwabe-Warf, David Shipon

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Return-to-play (RTP) decisions for professional athletes with arrhythmias are challenging, particularly when the diagnosis is uncertain.

CASE SUMMARY: A 33-year-old professional football player presented for RTP evaluation of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and atypical chest pain. Work-up was significant for fragmented R waves and PVCs on electrocardiogram as well as late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Positron emission tomography scan was normal. These findings suggested possible subacute myocarditis. He elected to rest for 2 to 3 months and was treated with guideline-directed medical therapy. Risk stratification highlighted increased risks associated with late gadolinium enhancement and incomplete genetic …

Exercise Training Prior To And During Cancer In Mice Preserves Muscle Mass, Reduces Tumour Weight And Suppresses Molecular Mediators Of Cachexia, Stavroula Tsitkanou, Pieter J. Koopmans, Ana Regina Cabrera, Nathan Serrano, Calvin S. Peterson, Ruqaiza Muhyudin, Zain B. Malik, Micah Goeke, Eleanor R. Schrems, Francielly Morena, Yuan Wen, Tyrone A. Washington, Kevin A. Murach, Nicholas P. Greene

Physiology Faculty Publications

Abstract: We investigated the prophylactic effects of exercise before and during cancer cachexia (CC) using a model designed to mimic endurance and resistance (i.e., concurrent) adaptations. Male and female Balb/c mice were randomly assigned to exercise or control groups whereby exercise groups were subjected to an 8-week voluntary progressive weighted wheel running (PoWeR) programme of habitual loading-mediated physical activity beginning at 8 weeks of age. At 16 weeks of age, mice were injected bilaterally with colon-26 adenocarcinoma (C26) cells or phosphate-buffered saline, and exercise training was maintained throughout disease progression. Twenty-five days post-tumour induction, we assessed whole-body and muscle phenotype, …

Aquaponics: Farming Fish And Growing Greens For Grades 9–12, Amy M. Shambach,, Rebecca M. Ward, J. Stuart Carlton, Kwamena K. Quagrainie, Tomas O. Höök

Purdue University Press Books

Aquaponics: Farming Fish and Growing Greens for Grades 9–12 teaches STEM-related course material through aquaponics, a water-based agricultural system that combines aquaculture (fish production) and hydroponics (soilless vegetable production) systems. This curriculum is aligned with Next Generation Science Standards and designed to be used with an onsite aquaponics system. Topics include an introduction to aquaculture, fundamental parts of an aquaponics system, the nitrogen cycle, water quality, population dynamics, our modern food system, and more. The ten lessons presented build on each other and are intended to be delivered in sequential order. Alternatively, lessons may also be utilized as stand-alone units …

Weather And Climate Science Education For Grades 3–12, Natalie J. Carroll, Theodore Leuenberger, Gretchen Leuenberger

Purdue University Press Books

What’s the weather today? People are interested in the weather so they can plan their day, determine what they should wear, if they should venture outside, when and where to vacation, and many other tasks. Gardeners and farmers need to understand both weather and climate to decide what and where to plant, and how best to take care of their animals. Homeowners also need to understand typical climate conditions, allowing them to determine which flowers and shrubs to plant on their properties. It also tells them what kind of insulation, furnace, and air conditioner to install. And when stormy weather …

The Tagmatized Echinoderm, Richard L. Turner

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Synopsis Tagmosis is a derived condition of metamerism in annelids, arthropods, and chordates in which groups of adjacent segments are modified to perform specific functions. Examples are the clitellum of earthworms, the carapace of lobsters, and the sacrum of tetrapods, to mention a few. The argument is advanced here that examples of tagmosis are not hard to find among echinoderms, a fourth major group of metameric animals; but the degree of tagmosis is weak in most cases. The first few segments of the axial skeleton are often conjoined as a perioral tagma (e.g., the jaws and other parts of the …

Anoxia Tolerant Dna Replication Is Supported By Atr Kinase In The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Riley Roth-Carter, Erin Helms, Joshua C. Saldivar, Jason Podrabsky

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Hypoxia and anoxia suppress cell proliferation due to an increase in replication stress and activation of DNA damage checkpoints. Embryos of the annual killifish Austrofundulus limnaeus tolerate prolonged anoxia, indicating improved genomic stability under oxygen starvation. We investigated the cell cycle regulation of the anoxia tolerant killifish embryonic cell line PSU-AL-WS40NE during anoxia. Live-cell imaging confirms continued proliferation of WS40NE cells for the first 24 h of anoxia with minimal cell death. Fluorescence imaging shows that cells accumulate in G1 after the first day in anoxia with a rapid entry into S phase upon reoxygenation. Pharmacological inhibition shows a reliance …

Bar-And-Hinge Model For Elasto-Plastic Origami Analysis, Yansong Tang, Yeqi Chu, Yue Mei, Yi Zhu, Ke Liu

Michigan Tech Publications

Origami-inspired structures are attracting considerable attention in engineering owing to their ability to facilitate intricate deformations and deployable configurations. However, accurately simulating their mechanical behaviour under realistic conditions involving permanent deformations and energy dissipation remains a significant challenge. In this study, we present an elasto-plastic formulation based on the nonlinear bar-and-hinge model for non-rigid origami simulation. We integrate rate-independent elasto-plastic constitutive models for both the hinges and the bars, enabling tunable representation of both elastic and plastic deformations in origami structures. The formulation employs a return mapping algorithm to ensure consistency with yield conditions checked at each incremental time step, …

Lidar(T) Open Source Pathways: Community Water Resistance To Hoku Ai Datacenter, Jonathon Van Der Horn

Idaho Conference on Undergraduate Research

We pivoted from our previous SARE project "Toward AI Water Sustainability: Indigenous Knowledge, LiDAR, and Art," (2025) focused on AI water usage and indigenous water rights and protection. A conclusion from that research concerned AI data centers in Oregon moving upstream to Idaho's Snake River. A 2026 public hearing in Pocatello, Idaho discussed an AI data center being built at the local Hoku site. The overwhelming community response against the AI data center over environmental concerns affecting local water systems led us to connect Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) maps of Idaho and Geographic Information System (GIS) applications for creative …

Sophisticated Song: Exploring The Evolution And Ontogeny Of Large Repertoires And Syntax Usage In The Bachman’S Sparrow (Peucaea Aestivalis), Heather Jean Wolverton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

While humans have the most complex vocal communication system, many of the features that make human language so intricate can be found in other taxa. One building block of language commonly studied in animal communication is syntax, or the organization of vocalizations. Birds, wolves, and cetaceans all display complex vocal signaling that utilizes syntax. Understanding how syntax functions in different taxa can help illuminate the evolution and development of human language and the role it plays in social cognition. The Bachman’s sparrow (Peucaea aestivalis) is a species of songbird that utilizes syntax in the form of preferred transitions …

Design And Development Of A Novel Lxrβ/Pparδ Dual Agonist For Memory Impairment And Pathology In 3xtg-Ad Animal Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Meenakshi Singh, Ian Steinke, Vishnu Suppiramaniam

Faculty Articles

The rising prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) underscores an urgent need for neuroprotective strategies that modulate cholesterol metabolism, neuroinflammation, improve pathology, and cognitive function. While Liver X receptors (LXRs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are validated targets for enhancing amyloid-β and tau clearance, clinical translation of first-generation LXR agonists has been hindered by LXRα-mediated hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia. Here, we report the structure-based design of AU403, a potent, isoform-selective LXRβ/PPARδ dual agonist designed to bypass LXRα-driven hepatotoxicity. Molecular modeling indicates that AU403 achieves LXRβ selectivity by engaging residues Phe329 and Leu330 while avoiding the corresponding LXRα residues Arg305 and Leu316. …

Lig1 Loss In Tp53-Mutant Triple Negative Breast Cancer Rewires Dna Repair And Confers Sensitivity To Parp-Atr Inhibitor Combinations, Anh Minh Tran Huynh, Jonathan T Lei, Rachel Brough, Christina Sallas, Jun Xu, Jacob B Pilcher, Xuxu Gou, Junkai Wang, Lacey E Dobrolecki, Diana M Fandino, Mariah J Berner, Allison Greer, Fei Fei Song, Sarah Latka, Hugo Villanueva, Sumimasa Arimura, Sufeng Mao, Zhongqiu Guo, Sofía I Aramburu, Anran Chen, Thanh Nguyen, Carolina Gutierrez, Dolores H Lopez-Terrada, Bora Lim, Susan G Hilsenbeck, Michael T Lewis, George Miles, Jason C Mills, Gloria V Echeverria, Stephen J Pettitt, Simon N Powell, Susan M Rosenberg, Andrew N J Tutt, Christopher J Lord, Matthew J Ellis, Meenakshi Anurag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Proteogenomic analyses have identified an association between LIG1 (DNA Ligase I) loss and chemotherapy resistance in a subset of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) enriched for TP53 mutations. Here, we demonstrate that co-occurrence of TP53 mutations and LIG1 loss is associated with upregulated DDR activity, including homologous recombination, likely contributing to reduced platinum sensitivity. Unbiased genetic and monotherapy drug screens identified PARP inhibitors (PARPi) as a potential treatment for LIG1-depleted tumors; however, the increase in sensitivity was modest and lower than that observed in TNBC models with homologous recombination deficiency. Subsequently, a screen of PARP inhibition in combination with each …

Proceedings: Nownet Arts Conference 2019, Sarah Rose Weaver, Chris Chafe, Scott Oshiro, Margaret Schedel

Journal of Network Music and Arts

Proceedings of the 2nd Annual NowNet Arts Conference 2019 “Social Purpose in Contemporary Network Arts.” The conference was held November 7–10, 2019. The primary in-person site was the Institute for Advanced Computational Science (IACS), Stony Brook University. Satellite in-person sites included Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics at Stanford University, Edinburgh Napier University, Orpheus Institute in Belgium, and Electronic Studios at the Technical University, Berlin. More locations participated remotely via the internet.

Proceedings: Nownet Arts Conference 2018, Sarah Rose Weaver, Chris Chafe, Margaret Schedel, Min Xiao-Fen

Journal of Network Music and Arts

Proceedings of the NowNet Arts Conference 2018, “Network Music: Artistic and Technological Strategies for Public and Private Networks.” This was the first of the NowNet Arts Conferences, which have been held annually from 2018 to the present. The conference took place from April 19–22, 2018, at the Institute for Advanced Computational Science (IACS), Stony Brook University, and at multiple remote locations connected via the internet.

Comparing Text Score Strategies For Online Music Making, Craig Pedersen, Lindsay R. Vickery, Stuart James

Journal of Network Music and Arts

This paper investigates a range of approaches to using text scores in online and networked music performance, focusing on their alignment with strategies proposed by Wilson (2020) for aesthetic and technical approaches to networked music performance. Text scores, emerging from the experimental music movement of the 1960s, communicate musical ideas through words rather than traditional notation, taking instructional, allusive, and hybrid forms. Although there are many aesthetic and pragmatic approaches to text score composition, the temporal openness of many such works makes the medium well-suited to the latency-challenged practice of telematic performance. The study evaluates four text scores—Craig Pedersen’s July …

Euscorpius Emae Sp. N. (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae), A New Scorpion Species From Montenegro, František Kovařík

Euscorpius

A new species Euscorpius emae sp. n. (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) from Montenegro is described, fully complemented with color photographs. E. emae sp. n. is morphologically unique by yellow to orange color, very narrow metasoma and enlarged chela. Pedipalp patella external trichobothria numbers are 4eb, 4eb_a, 2esb, 4em, 4est, 5et, and ventral aspect of patella with 9 trichobothria.

Measuring And Mapping Spatial Distributions Of Soil Lead Concentrations Along Chicago Parkways: West Ridge And Near South Side, Alyssa M. Kain

DePaul Discoveries

Lead is a heavy metal that can be found in every part of our planet. Human activities like the extraction of fossil fuels and degradation of construction materials can release lead into the environment, where it travels and accumulates in places like our soil or water. Despite efforts to lower the use of lead-based materials within the last fifty years, lead contamination remains as a threat to public health and safety. Elevated blood lead levels are known to cause a variety of health issues particularly for young children and pregnant women. This study aims to measure, map, and analyze the …

From Landfill To Ladle: Using Open Lca To Calculate Food Diversion Impacts, Samantha Rodriguez

DePaul Discoveries

Food waste contributes to climate change because discarded food results in wasting embodied carbon from producing food. In addition to wasting embodied carbon, food that ends up in landfills emits methane, a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. This life cycle assessment quantifies the carbon equivalent footprint of food donations from Costco to the Seton Soup Kitchen using OpenLCA. Two functional units were analyzed in this study. The first functional unit is one meal consisting of 500 grams of donated food that would otherwise be landfilled served to a Seton Soup Kitchen patron during one meal service. The …

Fish Tissue Digestion And Microplastic Polymer Identification Protocol Using Open-Source Ftir Database, Shawn L. Kissinger, Vick-Ariel Privert, Jason Bystriansky, Kyle A. Grice

DePaul Discoveries

Microplastic (MP) contamination in aquatic ecosystems poses significant concerns for environmental and public health, as seafood represents a critical food source worldwide. Despite increasing evidence of MP presence in marine organisms, efficient and accessible detection methods remain essential for characterizing contamination patterns and informing regulatory frameworks. This study extracted MPs from brain, gill, intestine, liver, and muscle tissues of gilt-head bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), two commercially important species from the Gulf of Cádiz, Spain, using a NaOH–HNO₃ chemical digestion protocol. Isolated particles were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, with …

Vertebrate Diversity In Cave Systems Of Colombia: An Approach Based On Environmental Dna Metabarcoding Analysis, Rita Daniela Martinelli Marín, Carlos Andres Lasso, Francesco Sauro, Susana Josefina Caballero

International Journal of Speleology

There is currently limited knowledge of the biological communities inhabiting cave ecosystems in South America. This study examines the vertebrate community composition of 21 caves across diverse subterranean ecosystems in Colombia using environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis. Water was collected from water bodies inside caves and subterranean systems in six of the eight speleological regions of Colombia in eight departments. Water was filtered manually through a 0.8 m pore size filter and preserved with Longmire solution. A 170-base pair (bp) fragment of the 12s mitochondrial gene specific for vertebrate identification was amplified by PCR and sequenced by Illumina (metabarcoding). Data corresponding …

Origami Sake: Building A Sustainable Supply Chain For A New Beverage Startup, Akosua Sayer Koduah, Nick E. Johnston

ICHRIE Research Reports

Sustainability has become a strategic pillar in the hospitality and beverage industry, shaping supply chain decisions, consumer behavior, and market competitiveness. This study examines how Origami Sake, a startup brewery in Hot Springs, Arkansas, integrates sustainability into its supply chain from inception. Using qualitative analysis of company interviews, secondary data, and comparative literature, the study shows that Origami Sake embeds renewable energy, localized rice sourcing, and by-product reuse into its core operations. These practices reflect circular economy principles and strengthen regional identity, yet they also pose challenges related to packaging limitations, organic rice availability, data-tracking gaps, and the risks of …

Campus Food Recovery: Balancing Sustainability And Student Needs, Scott T. Taylor Jr., Wenhao Zhang, Robin B. Dipietro, Mary Stein, Junehee Kwon

ICHRIE Research Reports

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of a food recovery program at a large university on food waste reduction and food insecurity mitigation. The primary goal of the food recovery program was two-fold: to help provide ready-to-eat meals for students facing food insecurity and to help the campus food service provider minimize post-production food waste. Thus, food was recovered from multiple dining outlets on a large university campus in the southeast United States. To ensure a valid comparison between 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 academic years, a 3-month period during the spring semesters in 2023 and 2024 was …

Deterministic Stateless Digital-Twin Rendering Of A Live Ai-Agent Workforce With Ledger-Windowed Replay, Gustavo Matthew Assuncao

Defensive Publications Series

This document discloses, with enabling detail sufficient for a person of ordinary skill to build it, a method and system for rendering a live, game-like visualization of a workforce of autonomous software agents in which every visual property is a pure deterministic function of operational records and the renderer holds no game state. Avatar state resolves by an active-work-wins-over-the-clock precedence; deterministic hashing places desks and picks palette swatches with a bounded collision-walk over the true floor grid; an ambient night tint is computed from the share of off-shift ("dreaming") agents plus the server hour, never a viewer's clock; ledger events …

System And Method For Decentralized Coordinated Audience Display With Gesture-Based Participation, Eric Zavesky

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method for coordinated audience visual display across a plurality of mobile devices at a venue is disclosed. Each mobile device executes an application incorporating a gesture detection module for classifying physical user interactions, a camera-based scene analysis module for contextual awareness and visual fingerprint calibration, a local processing module for privacy-preserving data routing, a multi-resolution rendering module producing macro, meso, and micro display layers, a proximity detection module using sub-visual-frequency beacons and multi-sensor fusion, and a hybrid control coordinator implementing a propose-then-finesse model balancing central orchestration with edge refinement. A venue orchestration server employs hierarchical pub/sub architecture …

Dynamic Entropy Bounding: A Fluid-Dynamic Telemetry Framework For High-Velocity Transformer Alignment, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

The critical barrier to achieving a Type 1 civilization infrastructure is network fragmentation driven by localized, high-friction socio-political and linguistic tribalism. Contemporary Artificial Intelligence (AI) alignment strategies exacerbate this fragmentation by enforcing static, anthropomorphic reinforcement frameworks (RLHF) that degrade rapidly under multi-agent scaling. This technical disclosure introduces a fluid-dynamic alternative: Dynamic Entropy Bounding (DEB).

By framing a distributed communication network as a continuous, viscoelastic substrate experiencing real-time information pressure, we establish an automated operational channel—the Surfing Zone. This framework discards subjective linguistic filtering in favor of objective, real-time Shannon Entropy (\(H_{obs}\)) tracking at the pre-softmax layer.

Systemic polarization and stagnation …

Rethinking Vaginal Microbiome Resilience: A Conceptual Multi-Omic Framework, Brittnee Cagle-White, Rob E. Carpenter, Alaina Vincent, Ellen Kominek, Andrew Krouse

Human Resource Development Faculty Publications and Presentations

The vaginal microbiome is often interpreted through static taxonomic patterns. Yet microbial composition alone does not explain why some communities resist perturbation, recover after disruption, or transition toward dysbiosis. This narrative review synthesizes evidence that vaginal microbiome stability is shaped by endocrine phase, epithelial substrate availability, microbial functional capacity, mucosal tone and candidate host modifiers. High-estrogen states, particularly pregnancy, are associated with epithelial maturation, glycogen accumulation, low vaginal pH, and Lactobacillus-dominant communities, whereas postpartum, lactational, menopausal, and other hypoestrogenic states are associated with reduced epithelial support and increased vulnerability to diverse anaerobe-rich configurations. We review the linking of the estrogen–glycogen–Lactobacillus …

An Anthropological Lens Into Human Milk Mirnas: Roles In Evolution And Epigenetic Programming Of Infant Health, Samantha Wu, Erika Yu, Allison Oh, Chantal Rabay, Amy L. Non

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent an understudied bioactive component of human milk with an important epigenetic role in regulating infant gene expression. Most anthropological studies of human milk have focused on the evolutionary and biocultural significance of milk macronutrient content for infant development. This review will focus specifically on the value of studying milk miRNAs, a critical bioactive component of milk that may transmit cues to offspring about maternal environments. These cues could epigenetically program infant development and shape health trajectories throughout the life course. MiRNAs are short, single stranded, ribonucleic acids that serve as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression which can …