Digital Commons Network^™

Constitutional Futurisms, Jeremiah Chin

Northwestern University Law Review

How do we reckon with the past? The Supreme Court’s recent embrace of originalism as a mode of constitutional analysis relies almost exclusively on a view of history and tradition that would bind us to an understanding of principles and ideals that legitimized the exclusion of minority voices. Cases such as New York State Pistol and Rifle Ass'n v. Bruen use flavors of originalism as a framework to define rights and governmental powers through their historical antecedents, but this broad standard of interpretation is notably absent in the Court’s recent discussions of histories and traditions of racism in the United …

Toward A Perpetual Practice Of Affirmative Action, Sheldon Bernard Lyke

Northwestern University Law Review

Despite perceptions that affirmative action is “dead” following the Supreme Court ruling in Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College (SFFA), this Essay argues that affirmative action remains crucial for addressing racial bias in admissions processes. This Essay examines the strict scrutiny standard, which requires that any use of race must serve a compelling government interest and be narrowly tailored to achieve that interest. Courts have interpreted the narrowly tailored prong of this standard to include a logical end point requirement, which mandates that race-conscious measures must have a clear and limited …

Atypical Dengue Fever Presentation With Severe Leukopenia: A Case Report From An Endemic Border Region, Elias Arellano Villanueva, Alhasan Asaad, Jose E. Campo Maldonado

School of Medicine Publications

Dengue virus infection is increasingly recognized in South Texas, particularly in areas bordering Mexico. Although many cases are mild and self-limiting, dengue can present with atypical features, including hematological abnormalities and bleeding, even in the absence of plasma leakage. A 22-year-old Hispanic woman presented to a hospital in South Texas with hematemesis, fever, and gastrointestinal symptoms following travel to northeastern Mexico (Monterrey, Nuevo Leon). Initial laboratory workup revealed severe leukopenia and neutropenia, mild thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes, but no evidence of plasma leakage. A bone marrow biopsy was performed due to persistent cytopenias, revealing a reactive process consistent with …

Contributions Of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Racism, Therapy And Health Habits To Cardiovascular Health In African American Adults, Tahra Chaunice Nobles

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation explores the impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), racism, health habits, and therapy engagement on cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Black adults. This study builds on the Biopsychosocial Model and Allostatic Load Theory to examine how trauma, racism, and health habits influence cardiovascular health outcomes in the African American population. Through a quantitative analysis, this study investigates whether ACEs, experiences of racism, engagement in health habits, and participation in therapy contribute to the development or mitigation of CVD in Black adults. A total of 83 participants were included in the study, with data collected on ACEs, the frequency of …

Bacterial Identification And Antibiotic Sensitivity Profiles From Captive Birds At Taipei Zoo, Younjung Chang, I-Li Liu, Jane-Fang Yu, Lih-Chiann Wang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Bacterial infections are common in zoo birds. They may be caused by pathogenic bacteria or opportunistic bacteria due to trauma or stress-induced immune compromise. Improper use of antibiotics contributes to the development of resistant bacteria, making treatment complicated or ineffective. However, comprehensive clinical investigations into bacterial prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility in zoo-captive birds remain limited. This study identified the bacterial species present in captive diseased birds at the zoo and conducted a 12-year analysis of their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. The specimens from 48 birds at Taipei Zoo from 2006 to 2017 were submitted to a commercial reference laboratory for bacterial …

Abiotic Factors Influencing Anuran Occupation Of Neotropical Brazilian Caves, Vinícius F. Sperandei, Willian Vaz-Silva, Tejerina-Garro L. Francisco

International Journal of Speleology

Despite increasing research on the Neotropical underground environment, anurans remain poorly understood in this habitat. It was analyzed scientific literature records of anurans in Brazilian natural caves and performed a redundancy analysis (RDA) to identify the environmental, taxonomic, geographic, geological and land-use variables that influence their cave occupancy. It was examined a total of 247 literature records, encompassing 83 species/morphospecies, which revealed distinct cave-dwelling tendencies. Some anuran species occupy caves at altitudes between 5 to 21 meters above sea level (m asl), in areas characterized by rocky outcrops and grassland. Others are associated with caves surrounded by forest, savanna, pasture …

Assessment Of The Dietary Supplements Effects On Maternal Underweight In Nigeria, Chukwuebuka Jude Chiobi, Uzoamaka Angela Chiobi, Ambrose Nnaemeka Omeje, Ikechukwu Andrew Mobosi, Michael Okike Ugwu, Nnamdi Simeon Ugwu

Kesmas

Maternal underweight continues to rise and, if not properly managed, will lead to increased mortality. This contradicts the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of reducing maternal mortality by 2050. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the probable effect of dietary supplements on maternal underweight in Nigeria. This study employed probit estimation using the maximum likelihood technique in 2022, with the 2018 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey data as the basis for analysis. The results showed a statistically significant effect of dietary supplements on maternal underweight in Nigeria. The likelihood of dietary supplements impacting maternal underweight was approximately 0.4% lower, on average, …

The Effect Of Media Variations On L. Gasseri And L. Rhamnosus Inhibition Of Uropathegenic E. Coli (Upec), Vivian Isaacson

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Functional Ecology Of Antarctic Flora, Zoie C. Yetley

Dissertations and Theses

Antarctic mosses play foundational roles in terrestrial ecosystem processes, yet their functional ecology remains poorly understood. This study developed a novel functional trait-based framework for dominant moss species across glacier retreat gradients in the South Shetland Islands, addressing a critical gap in Antarctic bryophyte ecology. Nutrient- and water-related traits were measured for four moss species--Polytrichastrum alpinum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Sanionia uncinata, and Syntrichia saxicola--along with Deschampsia antarctica, across nine sites spanning early to late successional stages. Results revealed strong interspecific trait differentiation: P. alpinum exhibited conservative nutrient-use and rapid water-uptake strategies; S. uncinata and B. pseudotriquetrum …

Gift Supports Great Teachers Who Inspire, Tina H. Hahn

University of Mississippi News

OXFORD, Miss. – With a second gift of $1.5 million, Elaine and Dr. Rhett Atkinson, of Sedona, Arizona, expanded their support of University of Mississippi faculty in the fields of biology, chemistry and biochemistry, computer science, mathematics, and physics and astronomy.

Revisiting Kin And Ethnic Favoritism In The Bribery Experiment, Mahsa Akbari, Duman Bahrami-Rad, Erik O. Kimbrough

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

We report a conceptual replication of Akbari et al. (2020), who study the impact of co-ethnicity and kinship on behavior in an experimental “bribery game”. In the game, player A can offer a bribe to B, who can help A by inefficiently transferring resources from passive third-party C. We replicate the finding that by varying the relatedness of A, B and C, we can substantially modulate the willingness of A to offer the bribe and the willingness of B to reciprocate the bribe by harming C. The findings are consistent with theories of kin altruism and ethnic favoritism.

Analisis Potensial Kejadian Luar Biasa Dbd Berdasarkan Kasus Dbd 5 Tahun Terakhir 2019-2024 : Studi Ekologi Di Kota Lubuklinggau Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, Sely Anggraini, Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Fitria Fitria, Nadia Putri

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an endemic disease in Indonesia, with a high potential for outbreaks, particularly in tropical and densely populated regions such as Lubuklinggau City. This study aimed to assess the outbreak potential of DHF in Lubuklinggau by analyzing the five-year trend of minimum and maximum case numbers (2019–2023) and comparing them with 2024 data using the epidemic threshold approach. A descriptive ecological study design was employed, with all primary health centers (puskesmas) in the city as units of analysis. Data sources included annual DHF surveillance reports from the District Health Office, field observations, demographic data from the …

An Epidemiological Exploration Of Binge Eating Disorder And Its Emotional Roots Among Youth In Greater Jakarta, Henny Kurniati, Yudha Asy'ari, Tri Amelia Rahmitha Helmi, Tonny Sundjaya

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

The rising prevalence of mental disorders among youth, including depression, anxiety, stress, and binge eating disorder (BED), has become a major concern in the context of global mental health. BED, as a form of eating disorder, often occurs with psychological conditions such as anxiety and depression, complicating diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and association between depression, anxiety, stress, and BED among youth in Greater Jakarta. Using a cross-sectional online design, data were collected from 231 participants aged 18-25 years through the Binge Eating Scale (BES) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Statistical analysis involved bivariate …

Lung Cancer Mortality Trends In Brazil: Implications For Health Policy And Resource Allocation, Mariana Oliveira Santos, Rafael Almeida Costa, Camila Ferreira Barbosa

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality in Brazil, with patterns shaped by historical tobacco use, environmental exposures, and disparities in healthcare access. While overall smoking prevalence has declined markedly, the impact on mortality rates varies by sex and region.

Objective: To analyze national trends in lung cancer mortality in Brazil from 1996 to 2023, assess sex- and region-specific patterns, and discuss implications for public health policy and resource allocation.

Methods: This ecological time-trend study used age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) for lung cancer (ICD-10 codes C33–C34) obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS) and population data from …

Pengembangan Modul Elektronik Ipa Berbasis Masalah Pada Materi Pencemaran Lingkungan Kelas 7 Smp, Nabila Santika Putri, Siti Mudaiyah, Nuril Munfaridah

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

Collaboration and problem-solving skills are essential in the twenty-first century, and students are increasingly expected to learn independently. To facilitate learning and improve motivation, collaboration, and problem-solving skills, engaging instructional media are needed. This study aimed to develop a problem-based science electronic module on environmental pollution that is suitable for use. The study employed a research and development design using the ADDIE model: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. It was conducted at SMPN 14 Malang with 28 students. Data included feasibility scores from content experts, media experts, teachers, and student readability assessments, as well as comments and suggestions from …

Efektivitas Pendekatan Teaching At The Right Level Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ipa Siswa Kelas Viii, Ayun Faidah Fatma, Tomi Listiawan

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

This study presents the researcher’s experience of independent teaching practice during the Professional Teacher Education Field Experience Program and examines efforts to improve science learning outcomes through the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) approach. It used a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest–posttest design involving one experimental class without a control group. The participants were 32 eighth-grade students at SMPN 26 Malang, and the object of the study was their learning outcomes on the topic of the Earth’s structure. The instruments included pretests and posttests, student worksheets, teacher and student response interview sheets, observation sheets, and documentation. Quantitative data …

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Role Playing Terhadap Motivasi, Hasil Belajar, Dan Keterampilan Kolaboratif Siswa Kelas Xi Ips Pada Pembelajaran Biologi, Hendrawan Hendrawan, Sulisetijono Sulisetijono, Yunita Rakhmawati

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

The COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed the way learning was conducted and strongly affected the quality of education students received. These changes influenced not only motivation and learning outcomes but also essential twenty-first-century competencies, particularly collaboration. In response, role-playing emerged as a promising alternative for improving learning quality. This study aimed to examine the effects of role-playing on learning motivation, cognitive learning outcomes, and collaboration skills in the topic of human digestion during the pandemic. It used a quantitative quasi-experimental design comparing an experimental class that applied role-playing with a control class that used another equivalent learning model. The sample consisted …

Implementasi Pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Di Kelas Vii Smp Islam Terpadu, Diyo Kriswanto, Sapti Wahyuningsih

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

This study aimed to improve students’ learning outcomes and active participation through a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model combined with a Culturally Responsive Teaching approach in mathematics, particularly on direct proportion. Initial observations at SMPIT Insan Permata, Malang, showed that seventh-grade students were not actively engaged in mathematics, a compulsory school subject. The study used classroom action research conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Students’ mean engagement score increased from 72.94 in Cycle I to 83.78 in Cycle II. Learning outcomes also improved: classical mastery rose from only 30% in Cycle I, categorized as low, …

Pengaruh Budaya Sekolah Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Siswa Sekolah Dasar, Dwi Fitria Indriani, Nur Afni Anggraini, Wahyu Ezy Asmi Hasanah, Lilik Bintartik, Ana Dwi Lestari

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

Character education is important from an early age, particularly in elementary school, because it provides a foundation for future generations facing the challenges of globalization and rapid technological development. These challenges may influence children’s character, making it necessary to instill noble values consistent with Indonesian culture and national identity. This study aimed to explore and describe the character traits of students at SDN Percobaan 1 Malang as shaped through school culture. Using a qualitative narrative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and photographic documentation. The participants were students of Class 5A. The findings show that school routines—such …

Tantangan Dan Peluang Tri Pusat Pendidikan Dalam Menciptakan Lingkungan Belajar Yang Aman Dan Nyaman Bagi Peserta Didik, Elvara Surya Artha Tania, Neni Wahyuningtyas

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

Developing high-quality human resources through education requires various efforts, including providing a safe and comfortable learning environment in which students can develop their talents, potential, and knowledge. Creating a sense of safety and comfort in learning is not solely the responsibility of schools, but also of families and communities. This study used a literature review method. The findings reveal several challenges in creating a safe and comfortable learning environment, including the assumption that schools are the only parties responsible for establishing such an environment, the perception that a safe learning environment refers only to physical conditions, and limited resources. At …

Membangun Minat Belajar Ipa Siswa Smp Melalui Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw, Septian Wahyu Prasetyo, Yusuf Hanafi, Ferdi Dwi Sagitha

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

This study aimed to determine students’ level of interest in science during the second semester at SMP Negeri 5 Malang in the 2023/2024 academic year. A mixed quantitative and qualitative approach was used, with questionnaires and checklists as data collection instruments. Before implementation of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model, only four students (12.9%) demonstrated interest in science, while 24 students (77.4%) showed low interest and three students (9.6%) showed no interest. After Jigsaw was implemented, students’ interest increased significantly, as indicated by a t-test significance value below 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). The findings indicate that Jigsaw is effective in increasing students’ interest in science. It may therefore serve as an alternative for addressing low learning interest while improving the quality of classroom instruction. The Jigsaw model can create a more interactive and collaborative classroom atmosphere, positively influence student engagement, and strengthen both learning outcomes and overall educational quality.

Optimalisasi Problem Based Learning Dalam Meningkatkan Representasi Matematis Dan Kepercayaan Diri Siswa Kelas Iv Sd, Roshydatul Istiqomah, Intan Sari Rufiana, Tri Handayani

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

This study was motivated by observations, preliminary trials, and tests showing that students’ mathematical representation skills were initially low, with an overall score of 52%. Their level of self-confidence was also relatively low. The study aimed to improve mathematical representation skills and self-efficacy through the Problem-Based Learning model. The participants were fourth-grade students at Elementary School 1 Malang in the 2023/2024 academic year. Classroom action research based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model was conducted in two cycles, each involving planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through tests, observations, interviews, and documentation and analyzed using the Miles and …

Peningkatan Pemahaman Kognitif Siswa Pada Materi Tari Tradisional Melalui Model Learning Start With A Question Di Kelas Viii Smp, Widi Dwijati Anggara, Wida Rahayuningtyas

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

In arts and culture instruction, particularly the dance unit on the uniqueness of traditional dances, students of Class VIII-E at SMPN 1 Kasembon experienced difficulties that resulted in low cognitive learning mastery. The main problems were limited enthusiasm and concentration, while the previously used learning model did not sufficiently encourage active participation. This study aimed to describe the application of the Learning Starts with a Question (LSQ) model to improve cognitive learning outcomes. Classroom action research was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Lessons began with a question from the teacher, and students were …

Determinan Ketidakpatuhan Kunjungan Pengambilan Obat Antiretroviral Pasien Hiv/Aids Di Kabupaten Bekasi Tahun 2023-2024, Intan Ully Athalia Sihombing, Mondastri Korib Sudaryo, Helda Helda, Helwiah Umniyati, Irva Zulviya Hasyim

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Non-adherence to scheduled antiretroviral (ARV) medication pickup can reduce treatment effectiveness, increase the risk of drug resistance, and contribute to poor HIV infection control. This study aimed to identify factors associated with missed ARV pickup appointments among people living with HIV/AIDS in Bekasi District. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from HIV/AIDS patients undergoing ARV therapy in 2023–2024. Data were analyzed descriptively (univariate), using Chi-square tests (bivariate), and log-binomial regression (multivariate). Among 811 patients, 341 (42%) were recorded as non-adherent to their medication pickup schedule. The results showed that having an unsuppressed viral load (>50 copies/ml) …

Therapeutic Potential Of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells In Avascular Necrosis Of The Femoral Head: A Clinical Study From Pakistan, Muhammad Adeel Khan, Sana Tariq, Hamza Yousaf, Ayesha Khalid, Imran Shabbir

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a progressive orthopedic disorder leading to joint collapse and disability if untreated. Conventional therapies offer limited efficacy in early stages. Bone marrow–derived mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) have demonstrated osteogenic and angiogenic potential, offering a regenerative approach to joint preservation. This study evaluated the clinical, functional, and radiological outcomes of BMMNC implantation in Pakistani patients with early-stage AVN.

Methods: In this prospective, single-center study, patients aged 18–55 years with MRI-confirmed Ficat stage I–II AVN underwent core decompression followed by autologous BMMNC injection into the necrotic lesion. BMMNCs were harvested from the posterior iliac …

Biofluid Biomarkers Aid In Diagnosing And Developing Improved Treatments For People With Alzheimer's Disease, Jonatan A. Lopez

University Honors Theses

Dementia is a disease in which daily life is disrupted by a loss of cognitive function. Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia that largely begins to affect individuals in their mid 60s or older. AD was selected as the focus of this paper because it is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 50-70% of dementia cases. A typical diagnostic approach used by physicians starts with a simple clinical test, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), when cognitive decline is suspected in a patient. Then if there is enough evidence to suggest AD, a physician would order …

"The Biggest Outing Of The Year": Hops, Harvest, And The Making Of Oregon's Largest Annual Gathering, 1880-1930, Asher Bernick-Roehr

University Honors Theses

When the end of August came around, all kinds of people started rolling into the little town of Independence, Oregon. Some walked, some came by train, others by wagon, and still others by ferry, motorboat, and canoe. There were Armenians, Swedes, Chinese, Japanese, Indians, Russians, Germans, and Indigenous peoples. There were those who were called fruit tramps, individuals and families who managed to bridge the vast distances across the West to harvest whichever crop needed hands. Entire families arrived, young and old, healthy and sick, with horses, mules, chickens and dogs in tow. Rich men came dressed as poor men …

Can Artificial Intelligence Models Provide Reliable Medical Counselling To Fertility Patients?, Idan Alcalay, Ariel Weissman, Hadas Ganer Herman, Avi Tsafrir, Matan Friedman, Eran Weiner, Raoul Orvieto, Nikolaos P. Polyzos, Michael H. Dahan, Alex Polyakov, Robert Fischer, Sandro C. Esteves, Baris Ata, Jason M. Franasiak, Yossi Mizrachi

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

RESEARCH QUESTION: Can generative artificial intelligence (AI) models provide reliable counselling to fertility patients regarding real-world clinical questions?

DESIGN: In this cross-sectional study, 12 clinical questions were developed to reflect common, real-life dilemmas encountered during fertility workup and treatment. Responses to each question were generated by two experienced fertility specialists, and two AI models - ChatGPT and Gemini. Eight leading internationally recognized fertility experts, blinded to the source of each reply, independently rated all the responses on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 10 (strongly agree). Ratings were compared across all four repliers using non-parametric statistical tests.

RESULTS: The …

Regulation Of Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Circuit Development And Maintenance By The P75 Neurotrophin Receptor, Katie Barton, Sunny Overby

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Creating A 3d Optical Lut For Skin Cancer Classification, Austin Bolden

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.