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Developing Memory And Understanding Skills For Subject-Specific Knowledge Processing And To Face High-Stakes Exams: A Case Study, Jabbar Al Muzzamil Fareen

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

University students possess different levels of language and cognitive abilities in gaining their subject knowledge and face tremendous challenges to get through the exams in distinction. The present education system expects the students to possess excellent subject knowledge and outstanding results in their exams. In light of this context, this paper attempts to address how students are engrossed in learning difficulties while subject knowledge processing and facing their examinations. Qualitative case study approach has been undertaken to analyze the language and cognitive skills of the students in memory processing of their subject knowledge to face the exams. Their language learning …

Bloody Sunday, Bloody Ireland, Bloody Textiles, Catherine Harper Phd

Arts and Design

The fabric of the island of Ireland is marked by the leakage of persistent sores and unhealed wounds borne by the unhealed messy flesh of the national body, which is symbolically swaddled, shrouded, stifled and sheltered by cloth. Ireland is a stained and bloodied cloth, marked irreversibly by conflict and abuse, bloodied by repression and denial, sullied by hunger and history. Blood, flowing from stigmata onto cloth, haemorrhage in extremis from wounds, real or imagined, is steeped deep into the Irish psyche, reflecting a narrative of abjection, sacrifice, memory and mourning.

Women On Boards Annual Monitoring Report 2024, Center For Entrepreneurship And Innovation

Faculty Books

The AUC Egypt women on boards monitoring report is issued annually to track and monitor the presence and representation of women on boards towards meeting the goal of having 30% women on boards by 2030. The importance of improving representation of women on boards stems from the fact that it is one of the good governance pillars, in addition to the positive impact on firm performance and profitability. The National Strategy for the Empowerment of Egyptian Women 2030 has accordingly promoted for increasing the leadership roles of women and holding key positions in public institutions and companies, setting the target …

An Empirical Assessment Of New Jersey's Mistaken Imprisonment Act, Jeffrey Gutman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In their article “Compensation for the Convicted Innocent in New Jersey: Problems and Recommended Solutions,” Professors D. Michael Risinger and Lesley Risinger masterfully recount the history and flaws of New Jersey’s Mistaken Imprisonment Act.1 The professors recommend concrete and common-sense amendments to the Act that, if enacted, would resolve statutory ambiguities, remedy bad public policy, and make more generous an Act intended to benefit the wrongfully convicted, but which often falls short of that goal.

This article will provide empirical and comparative context for the Risingers’ proposals. By examining why the claims of exonerees had been denied or never made, …

Agency Delay And The Courts, Aram A. Gavoor, Steven A. Platt

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Administrative delay plagues the modern regulatory state, yet scholars and courts lack a coherent framework for analyzing when delay becomes unlawful and how to remedy it. This Article provides the first comprehensive examination of judicial oversight of agency delay, tracing the evolution from common law mandamus through the delay provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act. It reveals critical distinctions between these mechanisms that courts have increasingly elided, leading to doctrinal confusion and ineffective remedies. On account of the second Trump administration’s Department of Government Efficiency initiatives, this topic takes on unprecedented urgency because administration policies to reduce workforce and restructure …

Justice Delayed By Design: The Harms Of Our Protracted Divorce System, Laurie S. Kohn

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Divorce is the termination of a legal relationship. It is necessary for the enforceable division of property and debts between spouses as well as for remarriage. However, it’s not simply a lawsuit. Instead, it most often involves a seismic shift in the very foundations of life and, as such, frequently provokes, exacerbates, and exposes insecurities, instabilities, and vulnerabilities. This legal process also involves a unique relationship between litigants who are former intimate partners—often co-parents—and who are largely unrepresented and therefore engaged in a new form of relationship as opposing parties to a lawsuit. Given these complex dynamics, one might hope …

Circuit Capture And The National Court Of Appeals, John P. Collins Jr.

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

We are facing a crisis of confidence in our federal courts. Polarization in the judicial selection process and partisanship in judicial decision-making have yielded a steep decline in the public’s trust of the judicial branch. Much of the blame lies with the Supreme Court, whose repeated ethical scandals and aggressive rightward tilt have renewed calls for major court reform—from court packing to jurisdiction stripping, from term limits to lottery dockets, and much more in between. But the Supreme Court is not the only court in need of reform. The vast majority of cases go no further than the thirteen U.S. …

Standing, Randall S. Abate

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Chapter 4 explores the intricacies of the legal principle of standing, its role in climate litigation, and how it impacts the ability of parties to bring climate change-related lawsuits to trial. The author discusses interpretations of standing across different jurisdictions, such as the United States, New Zealand, and countries in Europe, and explains how these interpretations can either impede or facilitate climate litigation. He distils emerging best practice from this analysis, providing an insightful guide for future climate lawsuits. The author then identifies emerging best practice in interpreting standing rules in a flexible manner, thus allowing a broader range of …

The Looming Threat Of Uninsured Nonbank Stablecoins, Arthur E. Wilmarth Jr.

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

On May 21, 2025, the U.S. Senate voted to begin final consideration of the “GENIUS Act.” Despite its lofty title, the bill would create grave threats to our financial system and economy by allowing nonbanks to issue stablecoins without the protections provided by federal deposit insurance and other regulatory safeguards governing FDIC-insured banks. The GENIUS Act would set the stage for future runs on stablecoins triggering systemic financial crises and requiring government bailouts.

The great majority of global stablecoins promise to maintain parity with the U.S. dollar and are functionally equivalent to bank deposits. Stablecoins are mainly used as payment …

The Future Of The Duty To Engage In Reasoned Decision Making: The Choice Between A Textual Approach And A Pragmatic Approach, Richard J. Pierce Jr

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In this contribution to a symposium on the future of the duty to engage in reasoned decision making, Professor Pierce argues that the Supreme Court faces a decision whether to retain the present robust version of the duty to engage in reasoned decision making and to extend it to actions taken by the president or to abandon or greatly weaken it. He urges the Court to retain and expand the scope of the duty to include actions taken by the president. He expresses concern, however, that the Court may instead abandon or significantly weaken the duty.

The Supply Chain Is A Circle: Ai, Privacy, And People, Alicia Solow-Niederman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Artificial Intelligence (AI) governance underscores the AI “supply chain” and the “many hands” involved in the creation of AI systems. Although invaluable, this production-centered approach risks overlooking what happens when people use AI tools. That’s a mistake, because user interactions determine the real-world impact of AI.

This Essay contends that regulating AI and holding the appropriate actors responsible requires far more attention to what happens after deployment of an AI system. The supply chain is an invaluable start, but it’s not a linear chain. Rather, it is a circle that must incorporate users’ engagement with AI tools as part of …

The Supreme Court Should Overrule Red Lion, Richard J. Pierce Jr

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In this essay Professor Pierce uses the Jimmy Kimbell incident as the point of entry for his argument that the Supreme Court’s 1969 opinion in Red Lion v. FCC is inconsistent with today’s reality and dangerous. He urges the Court to overrule it.

The Civil Jury Trial Clause Of The Seventh Amendment, Renée Lettow Lerner

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This essay discusses the Civil Jury Trial Clause—also known as the Preservation Clause—of the Seventh Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. I provide background on English civil jury practice in common-law courts in the late eighteenth century and distinguish it from equity practice in the Court of Chancery. The essay describes Blackstone’s praise for the civil jury as well as the role the civil jury played in the events leading up to the American Revolution. The question of a federal constitutional right to civil jury trial provoked heated disputes in the Philadelphia Convention and the ratification debates. The ratification debates featured …

The Re-Examination Clause Of The Seventh Amendment, Renée Lettow Lerner

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This essay discusses the origins, history, and current interpretation of the Re-examination Clause of the Seventh Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. As Justice Joseph Story declared, the Re-examination Clause is separate from the right to civil jury trial in the Amendment’s Preservation Clause. The Re-examination Clause states that no fact tried by a jury shall be “re-examined” in federal court except by the rules of “the common law.” This provision had no counterpart in the state constitutions. The essay explains the methods of review of jury verdicts in English common-law courts in the late eighteenth century, focusing on the remedy …

One Union Soldier's Service With The 141st Regiment Of Pennsylvania Volunteers And That Regiment's Remarkable Record Of Heroism And Sacrifice During The Civil War, Arthur E. Wilmarth Jr.

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Christopher C. Wilmarth (my great-great-uncle) served with the 141st Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers from August 1862 until June 1863. On May 3, 1863, Christopher was wounded in his leg during the third day of the Battle of Chancellorsville. He was left on the battlefield when the Union army retreated, and he was captured by the Confederates. He remained a Confederate prisoner for at least ten days, and he suffered from exposure to the elements and a lack of adequate medical care until he was returned to the Union army. After multiple amputations, Christopher died in a Union army hospital on …

Money, Money, Money: Universities, Government Funding, And Academic Freedom, Mary-Rose Papandrea

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Since the federal government began its large-scale funding of research at the start of World War II, the United States and American universities have been in a mutually beneficial relationship. The federal government has reaped the benefits of countless scientific, social science, and technological discoveries that have promoted national security and served the general welfare. In return, American universities have developed extraordinary research enterprises that are regarded as among the best in the world.

From the outset of this relationship, however, scientists and university administrators expressed concern that federal funding would interfere with institutional autonomy and academic freedom. President Trump’s …

Sharing The Algorithm: The Tax Solution To Generative Ai, Jeremy Bearer-Friend, Sarah Polcz

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This article argues that tax policy offers a core tool for mitigating the sweeping public policy challenges of generative Artificial Intelligence ("AI"). Specifically, we propose a tax that would allow the public to own a share of AI itself, not just through future income tax liabilities or new excise taxes, but a proposed ownership structure that requires a one-time tax payment by generative AI firms in the form of equity.

Fractional public ownership of AI would directly address four of the key harms of AI that have been well-documented in a deep and still expanding literature. First, many types of …

Why Canada's Terrorism Exception Does Not Violate International Law, William S. Dodge

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

On June 27, 2023, Iran sued Canada in the International Court of Justice (ICJ), alleging that the exception for state supporters of terrorism in Canada’s State Immunity Act violates customary international law. This article argues that Canada’s terrorism exception is consistent with customary international law. Although it is commonly assumed that state-supported terrorism is a sovereign activity and that a general and consistent practice of states accompanied byopinio juris>is required to create an exception to state immunity, in fact, neither assumption is correct.

Under the restrictive theory of immunity, foreign states are generally immune from suit based on …

Running Government Like A Small Business: Cut Waste, Crush Fraud, Hearing Before The United States Senate Committee On Small Business And Entrepreneurship, Jessica Tillipman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This testimony analyzes the 2025 Small Business Administration "audit" of the 8(a) Program within the broader federal procurement integrity framework, emphasizing that oversight is delivered through multiple, overlapping institutions and tools rather than a single, fraud-enforcement process. It explains how independent Inspectors General, GAO, DOJ enforcement, bid protests and eligibility challenges, and disclosure and whistleblower mechanisms operate in parallel, each with distinct evidentiary thresholds, procedural protections, and remedies. It notes that oversight discourse frequently blurs critical distinctions among fraud, improper payments, ineligibility, documentation deficiencies, waste, abuse, and mismanagement. Those categories are not interchangeable: “fraud” is a legal conclusion that typically …

The Eu Versus The Platforms And The First Amendment: Regulating Online Hate Speech, Dawn C. Nunziato

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

What speech should be allowed on social media platforms—and what speech should be prohibited—is a pressing and timely question. Given the recent changes in major social media platforms’ moderation of harmful speech—with the tacit blessing of a 2024 Supreme Court decision and the Trump Administration—and the European Union’s increased regulation of hateful speech and platform content moderation, a clash of these titans is inevitable.

This Article will examine the underlying forces that brought about these conflicts—including First Amendment, CDA Section 230, international, and EU law governing free expression, hate speech, and platforms’ rights and duties regarding content moderation. It will …

Zoning Report: Colorado, Sara C. Bronin, Scott Markley, Matthew Harris, Diana Drogaris

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Colorado is rapidly growing and transforming. Since 2020, more than 180,000 new residents have decided to call the state home. While housing construction has kept pace with this influx, home types and geographic distribution have not met the changing needs of Colorado’s diverse households. Indeed, housing is being offered at a cost that many Coloradans cannot afford and located in places that are far from jobs and other opportunities. As a result, the state grapples with a housing affordability gap.

This report, a first-of-its-kind analysis of zoning conditions in Colorado, was developed by the authors, affiliates of the National Zoning …

Zoning Report: Cape Cod, Sara C. Bronin, Diana Drogaris, Matthew Harris

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Cape Cod is known for its natural beauty, recreational opportunities, and historical significance – attracting around 4 million visitors every year. People not only want to visit the Cape; they also want to live there. Since 2017, the region’s residential population increased by 9% to more than 232,000 year-round residents. Unfortunately, the number of available housing units has not kept up. The Cape faces not only a housing shortage, but also a housing affordability gap. Current residents recognize these issues. In a recent survey, 84% of Cape Cod residents called housing affordability a “moderate or serious problem,” and more than …

Whose Burden Is It Anyway? A Comprehensive Proposal To Reshape Food Safety Review By Treating Food As Medicine, Katya S. Cronin

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

With more than sixty percent of U.S. adults struggling with at least one diet-related health condition, the relationship between nutrition and public health has never been clearer. Indeed, for the first time in over a century, food has a prominent place on the national political stage and is one of the exceedingly few issues that has garnered bipartisan support. The recent rise in popularity of "Food Is Medicine" initiatives, which seek to provide medically tailored or healthy meals to vulnerable populations, underscores the critical importance of food to public health. Yet, while "Food Is Medicine" is shifting the insurance, business, …

Frontiers At 50 Oral Histories: Feminist Community, Activism, And Scholarship, Elise Homan, Silvia P. Solis

School of Interdisciplinary Programs & Community Engagement Faculty Publications

As part of the fiftieth anniversary of Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, the editorial collective at the University of Utah produced an oral history project including interviews with fourteen previous editorial members of the journal. This essay explores the oral histories to highlight the journal's enduring contributions to feminist scholarship, community activism, and grassroots knowledge production. Since 1974, Frontiers has been dedicated to sustaining a collective editorial structure, bridging academic and community experiences, and supporting diversity within feminist publishing. Through tracing a narrative across the oral histories, this essay shares the evolving challenges and successes of sustaining these …

Redesigning Home Reversion Products To Empower Retirement For Singapore's Public Flat Owners, Koon Shing Kwong, Jing Rong Goh, Jordan Jie Xin Lee, Ting Lin Collin Chua

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper introduces an innovative sell-type home reversion product aimed at monetizing Singapore’s public flats, serving as a new alternative to the existing Singapore Lease Buyback Scheme (LBS). This new product not only retains the LBS’s guaranteed period of residence in the property along with life annuity incomes but also enhances the product features to meet specific homeowner needs, including the ability to age in place, flexibility in retaining part of the property, options for bequests, and guaranteed principal return. By incorporating these additional features, the new product seeks to stimulate greater demand for monetizing public flats among asset-rich but …

Improving The Performance Of Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships For Sustainable Development In Coastal Areas : Sweden (Hanö Bay) As A Case Study, Jennie Larsson

World Maritime University Ph.D. Dissertations

Coastal areas are vital for both ecosystems and human societies. Comprising diverse terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems, coastal areas provide us with essential resources and services. However, these areas are under threat from human activities and climate change, necessitating new governance structures to ensure their sustainable management and conservation. This research investigates how to improve the performance of local multi-stakeholder partnerships (M-SPs) in coastal areas, promoted as key mechanisms for achieving sustainable development goals. By drawing on stakeholder theory and using Pattberg & Widerberg’s (2014) analytical framework with nine building blocks for successful M-SPs as a foundation, the study examined …

Administrative Law: Major Questions About Presidentialism, Jodi L. Short

The Judges' Book

No abstract provided.

Civil Procedure: Cy Pres In Federal Securities Class Actions, Scott Dodson

The Judges' Book

No abstract provided.

A Pocket Park In Kirkwood: Community, Connectivity, And Urban Transformation, Catalina Freixas

Books, Office for Socially Engaged Practice

The course Architecture For Non-Architects [AFNA] is supported by CityStudio STL, Sam Fox School of Design Visual Arts, Washington University in St. Louis.

AFNA is a foundational course that acquaints students with the principles and practices of architectural design. Beginning with a community-based project, the curriculum integrates lectures, readings, and research to guide participants through understanding and shaping the built environment. Field trips play a key role, encouraging active observation and engagement with both the physical site and invested stakeholders.

Cultivating observation is essential to perceiving our surroundings with intention, yet many people view the environment passively, shaped by habits …

Research And Graduate Studies Annual Report, Fiscal Year 2025, Office Of Research And Graduate Studies, Illinois State University

Research and Graduate Studies Annual Report

No abstract provided.