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Comparing The Pull Out Resistance Of Two Typs Of Posts Used In Restoration Of Severely Damaged Primary Anterior Teeth )A Comparative In Vitro Study.(, Ayham H. Hijaz, Mohamed Kamel Altinawi2 K. Altinawi

Arabian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry

Background: severely damaged primary anterior teeth that require pulp therapy present a high-risk of failure due to the loss of tooth substance resulting from pre-existing decay and endodontic therapy itself. The ideal post material should have physical and mechanical properties that are similar to those of dentin . Another concern in restoring endodontically treated primary teeth is the need to find a material that can resorb in a similar way to natural tooth structure as a part of the exfoliation process allowing normal eruption of permanent successors . Accordingly there is no such material other than dentine itself.The introduction of …

The Relationship Between Body Mass Index And Oral Health Indices In Adolescent Children: A Cross-Sectional Study., Lana Anwar Alshayeb, Mayssoon A. Dashash

Arabian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry

Background and Objective: The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide in recent years, becoming a growing public health concern globally, especially among children, due to its association with systemic health. Despite emerging evidence suggesting a bidirectional relationship between obesity and oral health, limited studies have examined this association in adolescent populations, particularly in Syria. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and oral h

ealth indices, including gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, among adolescents aged 12-14 years in Damascus, Syria.

Materials and Methods: In this …

Hubungan Frailty Dengan Kesintasan Satu Tahun Pada Pasien Lanjut Usia Dengan Tumor Padat Ganas Stadium Lanjut, Trian Satrio, Aulia Rizka, Findy Prasetyawaty, Alvina Widhani, Noto Dwimartutie, Rm Suryo Anggoro, Mira Yulianti, Dono Antono

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Frailty is characterized by a multisystem physiological decline that increases the risk of morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with advanced-stage solid malignancies. The association between frailty and one-year survival in older adults with solid malignancies in Indonesia has not yet been established. This study aimed to assess the association between frailty status and one-year survival in elderly patients with advanced-stage solid tumors.

Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta utilizing patient data from a previous study conducted between November 2020 and 2021. Subjects were cancer patients aged …

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Gejala Depresi Pada Pasien Insomnia Usia Lanjut Di Rawat Jalan, Amalia Nur Pratiwi, Edy Rizal Wahyudi, Profitasari Kusumaningrum, Hamzah Shatri, Ikhwan Rinaldi, Rino Alvani Gani, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Adityo Susilo, Kaka Renaldi

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. The elderly population is increasing globally, including in Indonesia, where 10.7% of the population in 2020 were elderly. Insomnia is a common health issue among older adults and has been identified as a predictor of depression. This study aims to identify factors associated with depressive symptoms in elderly outpatients with insomnia.

Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 on patients aged ≥60 years at the outpatient unit of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia, using consecutive sampling to select participants. Elderly patients were screened using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and those with a score …

Under Pressure: Isolating The Data For Prevalence And Severity Of Pressure Injuries In Isolation Rooms, Jessica Schmidt, Nichole White, Audrey Rutkowski, Emilee Losey

2025 Nursing Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

The Limits Of Snap In Addressing Older Adult Food Insecurity, Colleen M. Heflin, Madonna Harrington Meyer

Population Health Research Brief Series

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is designed to address the economic roots of food insecurity. However, SNAP participation rates among older adults substantially lag behind those of other age groups. Based on the book, Food for Thought: Understanding Older Adults Food Insecurity, this brief describes how SNAP is not well designed for older adults in three respects: (1) the high levels of administrative burden associated with eligibility, certification, and benefit-determination processes, (2) the low value of SNAP benefits compared with the high costs associated with redeeming them, and (3) the high levels of state variation in SNAP policies …

The Effect Of Rondo Training On Motor Coordination And Accuracy Of Basic And Compound Skills For Second-Year Female Students, Shahad Ali Abd-Al Hussain, Nada Mohammed Ameen

Modern Sport

Rondo training is one of the important training methods due to its importance in maintaining the ball on the one hand, and on the other hand, its role in developing motor coordination and its impact on the accuracy of the basic skill represented by the long pass from the shoulder level and the compound skill represented by the dribbling and chest pass. Motor abilities are also a link between physical and skill abilities and play an important role in the accuracy of performing the game’s skills, whether offensive or defensive .The objectives of the research were to prepare rondo basketball …

The Impact Of Hot And Arid Conditions On Dehydration Levels, Some Physiological Variables, And The Performance Some Of Basic Basketball Skills, Ahmed Hassan Yas, Fatmah Abd-Alredah Hatam

Modern Sport

The atmosphere in Baghdad and most regions of Iraq during the summer is characterized by extreme heat and aridity. These climatic conditions are among the negative factors that significantly impact cognitive function and the performance of athletic skills.

Consequently, The current study was designed to investigate the impact of hot and arid conditions on dehydration levels, specific physiological indicators, and the performance of key basketball skills among first-stage students at Al-Mustansiriya University. A sample of 30 students was randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was permitted to consume water and fluids ad libitum …

Clinical Characteristics And Risk Factors Of Acute Pancreatitis In Paediatric Patients In Oman: An 11-Year Experience From A Tertiary Centre, Shurooq S. Al Shereiqi, Aisha Al Fudhaili, Dafalla Rahmatalla, Ravi Chandra, Sanjay Jaju, Ahmed Al Adawi, Adawiya Al Jamei, Yusriya Al Rawahi

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) in the paediatric population has increased over the past two decades, with an estimated annual rate of 0.78 per 100,000 children. This study aimed to describe the risk factors and characteristics of AP in Omani children. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including all children <14 years who were admitted and treated with AP at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Muscat, Oman, from January 2010 to December 2020. Case presentations, aetiology, management, and outcomes were reviewed. Results: During the 11-year study period, 55 cases were identified (male: female, 1.2:1). The most frequently reported risk factors were toxic/metabolic (49.1%). Abdominal pain was the predominant symptom (76.4%). Conservative treatment was administered in 74.5% of cases, while the remaining patients required surgery or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. …

Documentation And Referral Of Social Determinants Of Health In New Mexico’S Emergency Departments: International Classification Of Disease, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification, “Z Codes” (Z55-Z65), Samuel L. Swift, Maya Stefanovic, Roselyn Thalathara

Population Health Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Contributing To Acari Knowledge: The First Report Of Trombidium Grandissimum From The Soils Of Cholistan Desert, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah, Alishbah Mohsin, Ayesha Younas, Aleena Kanwal, Imran Bodlah, Yasir Niaz, Shumaila Khan, Shabbir Hussain

Journal of Bioresource Management

Trombidium grandissimum is also known by names, red velvet mite, real velvet mite, giant red velvet mite and rain bug, belongs to the family Trombidiidae and subclass Acari. Red velvet mite has four life stages: egg, larva, nymph, and adult. Adult red velvet mites were collected from agricultural farm area of Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology. Important taxonomic features were revealed by morphological study, including a body length of around half of an inch, velvety, unridged skin with dense hairs, stalked eyes, and specialized organs on the anterior legs including sensilla and claws. Carotene-induced bright red coloring …

Study On The Beneficial Effects Of Garlic, Tribulus Terrestris, And Vitamin E Supplementation On Semen Quality, Fertility, And Hatchability Of Desi Male Chicken, Iqrar Uddin Lashari, Muhammad Mohsen Rahimoon, Qudratullah Kalwar, Zafar Ali Khoso, Barkat Ali Jataoi, Majid Hussain Soomro, Hidayatullah Soomro

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with garlic, Tribulus terrestris, and vitamin E on semen quality parameters in desi male chickens maintained under local farming conditions in Sindh, Pakistan. A total of twenty-four non-descriptive desi chickens (8 males and 16 females, aged 19–20 weeks) were allocated to four dietary groups for 42 days: G1 (basal diet with 150 g/kg garlic), G2 (basal diet with Tribulus terrestris at 1 capsule/liter of water), G3 (basal diet with vitamin E at 1 capsule/liter of water), and G4 (control with basal breeding ration only). Semen samples collected from treated males were analyzed …

Trophic Niche Overlap Between Native And Alien Fish Species: A Challenge For The Aquatic Ecosystems, Rana Manzoor Ahmad, Abdul Majid Khan, Mariya Basharat, Muhammad Rizwan, Neelam Shahzadi, Muhammad Imran

Journal of Bioresource Management

The different physiological and biological challenges are introduced not only on land but also in aquatic ecosystems due to increasing climatic changes and human needs. One of these challenges is the introduction of invasive alien species to the native freshwater ichthyofauna. These species not only disturb the ecological balance of the native water bodies but can also be a vector for parasitic diseases. The current study is designed to disclose the trophic niche overlap among exotic (Cyprinus carpio and Oreochromis mozambicus) and indigenous fish species (Labeo calbasu and Cirrhinus mrigala) from Head Baloki (Ravi River), Punjab, …

Hawthorn (Crataegus Spp.): Unlocking Its Potential For Health And Environmental Sustainability – A Comprehensive Review, Abdelhak Maghchiche

Journal of Bioresource Management

Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.), traditionally regarded as an important medicinal plant and frequently cited in the literature, presents significant potential for sustainable development and medical biotechnology. This review looks at several areas of Hawthorn that can be explored in response to current healthcare and environmental sustainability issues. Bioactive compounds from hawthorn, including active compounds primarily comprised of flavonoids, procyanidins, and triterpenoids, are responsible for potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, and antimicrobial activities, potentially providing a source of potent therapeutic alternatives. Moreover, hawthorn has a well-documented record as a source of cardiovascular benefits to address arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure, and arrhythmias. In …

Effect Of Dietary Supplementation Of Symbiotic, Prebiotics And Probiotics On Conformation Of Teats In Rabbits, Saqib Kakar, Allah Bux Kachiwal, Saeed Ahmed Soomro, Akeel Ahmed Memon

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics on the reproductive and physiological performance of New Zealand White rabbits, emphasizing teat conformation. Forty-eight rabbits were divided into four groups: control (a), prebiotics (b), probiotics (c), and symbiotics (d). During the first parity, teat conformation varied across dietary treatments, with group d (symbiotic supplementation) generally exhibiting superior teat morphology. Horizontal teat length was highest in group a (4.38±0.35) and lowest in group d (4.02±0.43). The rear teat distance from the floor was longest in group d (1.71±0.25) and shortest in group a (1.41±0.50), with a similar …

Review On Exploring The Potential Of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) As A Novel Feed Ingredient For Poultry, Muhammad Naeem Jan, Nasir Rajput, Muhammad Naeem, Sher Ali, Ghulam Shabir Barham, Tehseen Fatima Miano

Journal of Bioresource Management

Poultry provides both direct and indirect employment opportunities to individuals. Every farm owner desires a reduced investment with more earnings. Over 50 % of the overall cost of chicken rearing is allocated to feed stuff. Among all feed ingredients, protein sources are the most expensive, yet protein is essential for production and growth. This exorbitant price cannot be sustained by the small-scale farmers. Consequently, contemporary scientists are attempting to substitute the protein supply with black soldier fly in their formulations. This review study examines the advantageous effect of utilizing Black Soldier Fly powder, larvae or oil, as demonstrated in scientific …

Self-Management And Support Needs Of Patients Experiencing Persistent Symptoms Consistent With Hypothyroidism: A Qualitative Study, Marike De Reuver-Schuurman, Esther C. Bakker, Lilian Lechner, Liset Van Dijk

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: To gain insight into the self-management and support needs of patients experiencing persistent symptoms consistent with hypothyroidism, despite thyroid laboratory values within the normal range.

Methods: A qualitative study using the phenomenological approach was conducted. Semi-structured interviews including 19 patients diagnosed with persistent symptoms consistent with hypothyroidism, despite receiving adequate replacement therapy, were performed. Respondents were recruited using purposive sampling via Schildklier Organisatie Nederland (Dutch Thyroid Organization) (www.schildklier.nl). After transcription and coding, a thematic analysis was performed.

Results: All respondents reported that the persistent symptoms reduced their quality of life. The patients’ main focus was on finding the cause …

Understanding The Burden Of Myocardial Infarction And Patient Preferences For Treatment: A Real-World Study Assessing Patients’ Perspectives Via An Online Survey, M. Cecilia Bahit, Serge Korjian, Gerald Chi, Yazan Daaboul, Alberto Castro Molina, Ginger Jiang, Christiana Dangas, Mudit Tandon, Deepak L. Bhatt, Roxana Mehran, Harriette G.C. Van Spall, Paul Nara, Alka Shaunik, Charles Michael Gibson

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Myocardial infarction (MI) remains to be associated with a high risk of recurrent cardiovascular events and disease burden. This study assessed patient perspectives on the burden of disease and treatment in the first year post-MI.

Methods: Data were collected via a self-administered online questionnaire posted on the Carenity patient platform in the United States (10/30/2022−12/30/2022). Only patients who had an MI in the prior year were eligible for inclusion.

Results: A total of 151 patients completed the survey. The majority were men (69%), median age was 50 years, and 38% had an MI within the previous 90 days. Overall, …

Network Pharmacology And Molecular Docking Analysis Of Nephelium Lappaceum (Rambutan) Compounds As Potential Alternative Treatments For Lung Cancer, Dwi Utami, Muhammad Farid, Rachma Greta Perdana Putri

Makara Journal of Science

Introduction: Lung cancer is characterized by high mortality rates and poor prognosis, further requiring alternative therapies owing to the adverse effects of conventional chemotherapy. Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) has antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and antioxidant properties and can cure cancer. Method: Compounds from rambutan peel were identified through PubChem and analyzed for physicochemical properties using SwissADME. Target proteins were identified using SuperPred and compared with lung cancer–related proteins from GeneCards via Venny. Protein interactions were examined and visualized using STRING and Cytoscape, respectively. Protein activity was analyzed using WebGestalt, and docking simulations were performed using Autodock 4.2.6. Result: Physicochemical analysis of …

Statice Cut Flower Production In Utah, Kellie Webb, Melanie Stock, Benjamin Scow, Cheyenne Reid, Victoria Xiong, Ali Harrison, Lorin Harrison, Amanda Pratt, Claudia Nischwitz, Nick Volesky

All Current Publications

Statice is a cut-and-come-again, full-sun annual with clustered, papery blooms. Plants have lower water needs and a moderate tolerance to salinity, making this crop a sustainable choice for cut flower production in Utah and other states with water and soil limitations. This fact sheet provides information on statice cultivars, site preparation, germination, transplanting and spacing, trellising, nutrient management, harvest, economics for producers, and pest and disease management.

Physical Functioning Of Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Treatment For Cancer Of The Oesophagus And The Subsequent Impact Of Exercise Prehabilitation—Results Of A Cohort Study Within The Prehiit Trial, Linda O’Neill, Emily Smyth, Neil Kearney, Grainne Sheill, Louise Brennan, Sarah Wade, Sophie Grehan, Sanela Begic, Ross T. Murphy, Myles Mckittrick, Suzanne L. Doyle, John V. Reynolds, Juliette Hussey, Emer Guinan

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Background: Multimodality treatment {surgery + pre-operative chemoradiation [chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer followed by surgery (CROSS)] or perioperative chemotherapy [fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin and docetaxel (FLOT)]} is the standard of care for locally advanced oesophageal cancer. Whilst highly tolerated, clinically, patients may experience toxicities which negatively impact their functional status. Exercise prehabilitation aims to improve functional status in advance of oesophagectomy to minimise postoperative morbidities. The PRE-HIIT trial examined the ability of a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise programme to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in advance of complex cancer surgery. This cohort study charts the physical functioning of a sub-cohort of participants recruited …

Application Of Dematel Based On Bipolar Neutrosophic Sets For Sustainable Agriculture Practices, Lazim Abdullah, Nor Liyana Amalini Binti Mohd Kamal

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The development of natural capital is a fundamental objective within sustainable agricultural systems, where the optimization of both crop and livestock production is vital to addressing global food demands. Despite this imperative, major agricultural sectors such as paddy and rubber production, often fall short of satisfying consumption needs. This study aims to identify and prioritize the most influential criteria for sustainable agriculture using the Bipolar Neutrosophic Set-based Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (BNS-DEMATEL) method. Expert evaluations were elicited from five agricultural specialists using linguistic assessments to analyze the performance and interdependencies among sustainability criteria. Computational analyses were conducted using MATLAB …

Rethinking School Nutrition Via Community Engagement: A Review With Implications For Indonesia’S Mbg Program, Adnan Achiruddin Saleh, Suparman Abdullah, Rahmat Muhammad, Muhammad Yusran Amir, Sulvinajayanti Sulvinajayanti

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Community engagement has become a growing concern in the implementation of school nutrition programs, particularly in addressing issues of child malnutrition, food insecurity, and educational outcomes. However, definitions and levels of participation remain conceptually fragmented across various studies. This study aims to systematically review the scope, forms, and implications of community engagement in school-based nutrition programs. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted on 89 Scopus-indexed publications from 1984 to 2025 using the PRISMA 2020 protocol. Thematic analysis was employed to identify the conceptual, methodological, and contextual variations of community involvement. Data were collected through document analysis of peer-reviewed journal …

Cost-Effectiveness And Feasibility Of Anemia Management In Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review, Della Winanti, Isra Yanti, Nurul Fitriyah, Sirajul Munira, Mufdlillah Mufdlillah, Firdaus Hafidz

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Anemia among expectant mothers is a major health issue worldwide, especially in developing countries, where prevalence reaches 37%. Various interventions, such as micronutrient supplementation and intravenous iron administration, have been widely implemented. However, limited systematic reviews have comprehensively evaluated both the cost-effectiveness and feasibility of such interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aims to systematically evaluate recent evidence on the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of anemia management interventions for pregnant women in developing countries. The review followed the 2020 PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251089753). Article searches were conducted across five primary databases (CINAHL, CENTRAL, PubMed, …

Clustering Community Risk Behaviors For Non-Communicable Diseases In Indonesia: Based On Indonesian Health Survey Data, Hanif Pandu Suhito, Mahalul Azam, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Sholikun Sholikun

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and heart disease are major causes of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Community behaviors, including smoking, low physical activity, and unhealthy diets, significantly influence NCD incidence. To analyze associations between behavioral risk factors (daily smoking, physical inactivity, consumption of sugary foods and drinks, salty foods, fatty foods, soft drinks, and inadequate fruit intake) and the prevalence of NCDs, and to classify regions based on risk factors and disease prevalence. A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS), encompassing 345,000 households across 39 provinces. The …

Understanding Cardiovascular Risk: Insights From Coastal Communities In Southeast Sulawesi, Syahrianti Syahrianti, Lilin Rosyanti, Reni Revianti Usman, Ismail Ismail, Agus Bintara Birawida, Sumarheni Sumarheni, Muhammad Fahmi Aziz

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide, with a greater impact on low- and middle-income countries, particularly coastal communities that depend on fragile ecosystems. This study explores the effects of sociodemographic, behavioral, and metabolic factors on CVD incidence among the coastal population of Soropia, Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. This research employs a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design and applies Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using Smart PLS software. Data collection was conducted through standardized questionnaires and physical examinations. The findings reveal that age significantly reduces CVD risk (p = 0.043, Exp(B) = 0.378), while gender and occupation show …

Adaptation Of Moringa Leaf Extract On Hemoglobin And Arm Circumference In Adolescent Girls Semarang, Sri Achadi Nugraheni, Ari Yuniastuti, Suryani As’Ad, Pingkan Fristiwi, Fatimah Asri Fadhilah Aulia, Shafa Alya Kamila

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Adolescent malnutrition, particularly anemia, remains a major public health challenge in developing countries, including Indonesia, as it increases the risk of growth retardation, developmental disorders, poor pregnancy outcomes, and infectious diseases. Nutritional interventions during adolescence are crutial for improving health and breaking the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Moringa oleifera capsules on hemoglobin (Hb) levels and Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) among adolescent girls in Semarang. A quasi-experimental study with a pretest–posttest control group design was conducted in two junior high schools in Semarang (SMPN 39 and SMPN 8), involving 102 female students aged …

Life-Moms: Effects Of Multicomponent Lifestyle Randomized Control Trial On Physical Activity During Pregnancy In Women With Overweight And Obesity, Hannah E Cabre, Debra Haire-Joshu, Alison G Cahill, Samuel Klein, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: This report details the effect of LIFE-Mom's multicomponent lifestyle interventions on physical activity (PA) and inactivity time across pregnancy (2nd and 3rd trimesters) and their effect on gestational weight gain (GWG) and maternal/neonatal outcomes, a pre-specified secondary analysis.

METHODS: Pregnant people with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m

RESULTS: Although there were statistically significant differences in vigorous activity between the intervention and control group (p = .024), there were no clinically meaningful differences in PA. In the combined sample, moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) significantly decreased across pregnancy (mean ± SD: 72.9 ± 29.1 min/day vs 63.9 ± 28.1 min/day; p …

Immunological Aspects Of Migraine And Post-Covid Headache In A Narrative Review, Marwa Mohammed Ali Jassim, Ahmed Jameel Obayes, Abeer Mohammed Ali Al-Garawyi

Muthanna Medical Journal

Migraine is the most prevalent multidisciplinary and multifactorial neurologic disorder which is manifested by recurrent headache attack. Conditional findings indicate that nutritional deficiencies especially the deficiency of Vitamin B12 could be an influence on the pathophysiology of migraine through neurological functioning and the conversion of homocysteine. According to a recent literature, vitamin D deficiency has a potential role to play in the incidence and severity of migraines and related processes of inflammation in migraine pathogenesis. Conversely, the preservation of electric potential of the neurons is one of the principal purposes of Mg. Consequently, neurological complications may result from magnesium deficiency; …

Electronic Device Usage During Covid-19 And Suspected Developmental Delay In Rural Thai Children: A Case-Control Study, Kunnara Maneekunwong, Pimkanabhon Trakooltorwong, Salisa Kodyee, Nathamon Wutthipan, Chompunut Sopajaree, Katemanee Moonpanane

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered the way in which people interact with and use technology, particularly in early childhood. This study investigated the relationship between electronic device usage during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural Thailand and suspected developmental delay (SDD) in early childhood. A case-control study aimed to investigate the relationship between suspected SDD and electronic device usage among children aged 2–5 and their primary caregivers in Chiang Rai province, Thailand. The cases were children with SDD, whereas the controls were children with age-appropriate development. The Developmental Surveillance and Promotion Manual (DSPM) and the Screen Media Exposure (SME) questionnaire …