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Role Of Cellular Stress Responses In Innate Immune Defense Against Acute Respiratory Infections, Amit Sharma

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) is an important regulator of innate immune cells. However, its role in pulmonary innate host defenses remains poorly understood. This dissertation elucidates the dual, context-dependent role of IRE1α in host defense against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia. We demonstrate IRE1α’s function as both a detrimental mediator of acute pathology and an essential facilitator of innate immune memory. Our work revealed that acute IRE1α activation during primary MRSA infection is detrimental. In lungs and alveolar macrophages (AMs), IRE1α is activated in response to MRSA infection. Consequently, IRE1α activation triggers a hyperinflammatory …

Presentation, Diagnosis, And Acute Treatment Of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report, Alexandra Bartholomew, Michael Connick, Catherine Loehr, Shane Sanne

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, immunologically driven disorder with a high mortality rate. It is typically diagnosed on the basis of clinical and laboratory criteria. We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with multiple previous hospitalizations for fever of unknown origin and fatigue. Her workup ultimately led to a diagnosis of HLH. We discuss the presentation, diagnostic criteria, and clinical treatment of secondary HLH to guide workup and management for future patients affected by this rare disease.

Maternal Mortality 2025 Report To The Tennessee General Assembly, Tennessee. Department Of Health.

Tennessee Maternal Mortality

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among People Who Smoke In Rural Southwest Georgia: Perspectives And Influencing Factors, Shadé Owolabi, Helen Singer, Katherine Reilly, Łucja T. Bundy Ma-Edm, J.K. Veluswamy, Carla Berg, Regine Haardörfer, James Hotz, Ajay Gehlot, Michelle Kegler

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: The COVID-19 vaccine is a critical tool in reducing COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, vaccine hesitancy is an ongoing public health challenge, especially in certain geographic areas and sub-populations. This study assessed factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy among individuals who smoke in rural communities in southwest Georgia, one of the first COVID-19 “hot spots” in the U.S.

Methods: We conducted qualitative interviews (n=23) using a semi-structured interview guide, informed by the Integrated Behavioral Model (IBM), that assessed vaccine-related behavior, intention to be vaccinated, perceived risk, social norms, attitudes, and environmental barriers and facilitators …

Community Water Fluoridation And Oral Health: Proposal & Systematic Review, Kristina Lauranzano

Integrative Learning Experience (ILE) Theses

Fluoridation of community drinking water systems has been a staple of preventative dental care in the United States since the mid 20^th century. In recent years, there has been increased public discourse pertaining to the safety and efficacy of Community Water Fluoridation (CWF). The aim of the proposed study is to identify if there is an association between the CWF status (never fluoridated, currently fluoridated, or formerly fluoridated) and oral health status of a community in New England. This study will be a retrospective cross-sectional study design using NHANES Oral Health Status Survey data from the 2007-2008 and 2017-2018 …

Mapping Neighborhood Socioeconomics Across The Cellular Therapy Continuum: A Scoping Review, Danica Jhoelle Dorlette, Olivia Mead, Lawrence Bossong, Sanghee Hong, Jingjing Shang, Arlene Smaldone

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Background: Despite advancements in cellular therapy, disparities in access and outcomes persist, influenced by race, income, and insurance status. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES)—encompassing factors like area-level income, healthcare access, and collective social resources—may further exacerbate these inequities. However, its influence across the full trajectory of care remains unclear.

Objective: This scoping review synthesizes literature on nSES and its impact on referral, treatment receipt, long-term follow-up care, and survival among patients undergoing cellular therapy.

Study Design: Following Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, PRISMA-ScR standards, and an a priori protocol, five databases were searched in July 2024. U.S.-based studies linking nSES with cell …

Designing A Qi Initiative: Preoperative Bathing In The Ed For Adult Hip Fracture Patients, Mihyun Jang, Susan Maynard, Sheri Matter, Andrea Sillner

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Surgical site infections (SSIs) following hip fracture surgeries in adults are severe complications that increase morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Preoperative bathing, particularly with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), reduces the risk of surgical site infection after hip fracture surgery by decontaminating skin flora, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Compliance with preoperative bathing protocols remains low, especially among adult patients admitted through emergency departments. To address the gap in preoperative bathing compliance, a quality improvement initiative will implement a preoperative bathing protocol using CHG wipes in the emergency department for adult hip fracture patients. Currently, there is a lack of evidence regarding the …

An Integrative Review Of Perceptions Of Mpox Within The Men Who Have Sex With Men Community, Lauren Longacre, Marcia Y. Shade, Elizabeth L. Beam

Biennial Convention (CONV)

As mpox (monkeypox) cases decline worldwide, ongoing global inequities in transmission rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) persist. These inequities are influenced by perception and misinformation, however, research on perceptions of mpox in relation to MSM remains underdeveloped.

The purpose of this integrative review is to synthesize the evidence on perceptions of mpox as it relates to the MSM community.

A database search within CINAHL, APAPsycInfo and MEDLINE was conducted between January, 2022 and June, 2023. Mesh terms included "stigma", “bias”, “perception”, “social”, “attitude” and “monkeypox". Articles were screened to include the interaction between perceptions, MSM, and …

The Use Of Storytelling In Covid-19 Vaccine Promotion: A Scoping Review Of Interventions And Campaigns, Suha Ballout, Sabreen A. Darwish, Patricia J. Kelly, Teresa Keller, Ross Shegog, Basil H. Aboul-Enein

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

BACKGROUND: The development of the COVID-19 vaccine, a groundbreaking scientific advancement, also fueled vaccine hesitancy mainly due to vaccine misinformation and the limited public understanding of the new technology and its rapid pace of development and deployment. A variety of public health communication strategies have been used that include engaging the community in identifying and developing messages, using culturally appropriate communication methods, applying behavioral health principles, and storytelling. The purpose of this scoping review was to assess the most relevant evidence from the research literature on storytelling interventions to mitigate COVID vaccine hesitancy during the pandemic.

METHODS: A scoping review …

Ifnγ-Driven Skewing Towards Th1 Over Th17 Differentiation Underlies Crs And Neutropenia In Car-T Therapy, Payal Goala

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

CAR-T therapy has improved overall and complete response rates, andprolonged progression free survival of patients with relapsed/refractory hematological malignancies. The short-term and long-term impacts of anti-CD19 CAR-T products on the immune landscape of B cell malignancies has garnered considerable attention in recent years. Most notably, a subset of patients experience high-grade cytokine toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome and immune cell-associated hematologic toxicity that manifest as prolonged cytopenia. Whereas etiology of CRS is more well established, the mechanisms leading to CAR-T associated cytopenia remains elusive. Rejeski et. al. showed that severe cytopenia in patients post CAR-T treatment led to frequent infections …

An Exploratory Study Of Machine Learning-Based Open-Angle Glaucoma Detection Using Specific Autoantibodies, Naoko Takada, Yukitoshi Izumi, Charles F Zorumski, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Defining The European Union’S Top Public Health Priorities: What Can Be Gleaned From Its Multi-State Interdisciplinary Systems?, Mattie Frascella, Thierry Leger

Symposium of Student Scholars

Delineation of the European Union’s (EU) contemporary public health agenda is examined within the evolving architecture of a ‘European Health Union.’ Five interdependent domains are synthesized: climate and planetary health, digital transformation, resilient systems and workforce development, non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention, and cross-sectoral and global leadership. Mutual reinforcement is essential for achieving equitable outcomes. The climate pillar reframes environmental disruption as a public health emergency, embedding adaptation, mitigation, and Planetary/One Health approaches across EU initiatives. The digital pillar examines the European Health Data Space and adjacent tools (telemedicine, e-prescribing, mobile health) as infrastructure for secure interoperability, research, and quality improvement. …

Purification Of Water By Plant Extracts And Green Biosynthesized Agnp Of Syzygium Aromaticum, Seham Abdel-Shafi, Mostafa I. Abdelglil, Saida Amer, Sobhy El Sawy Elsilk, Khaled Ali, Mohamed F Ghaly

Al-Farahidi Biomedical Journal

The drinking water quality must meet both the WHO guidelines and Egyptian standards. This ensures public health and the suitability of water for different uses. The purification of water by biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) is an eco-friendly approach where the clove extract acts as a reducing and stabilizing agent to create AgNPs through a “green synthesis” method. The AgNPs, when combined with the extract, show antimicrobial activities and kill the pathogenic bacteria in water. The water pollution include Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium, Clostridium, Vibrio and E. coli. In vitro experiments showed inhibition of Staphylococcus spp. …

Deep Learning-Based Fog-Cloud Approach Intrusion Detection System In Iomt, Yahya Rbah, Mohammed Mahfoudi, Mohammed Fattah, Younes Balboul, Said Mazer, Moulhime Elbekkali

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) creates an interconnected environment linking humans, devices, sensors, and systems, enhancing healthcare services through advanced technologies. Nonetheless, these IoMT devices are susceptible to cyberattacks, which can endanger patient safety and healthcare services. To identify and mitigate cyberattacks in IoMT, techniques such as threat intelligence, log monitoring, and intrusion detection systems are employed. As attackers evolve their strategies, there is a growing trend towards leveraging artificial intelligence to achieve more predictive and accurate attack detection. Since IoMT devices are inherently low-power, they require minimal computing resources. Existing intrusion detection systems are generally trained in the …

Disease Burden Attributable To Intimate Partner Violence Against Females And Sexual Violence Against Children In 204 Countries And Territories, 1990–2023: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2023, Gbd 2023 Intimate Partner Violence And Sexual Violence Against Children Collaborators, Sarvenaz Taridashti

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Background

Violence against women and against children are human rights violations with lasting harms to survivors and societies at large. Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence against children (SVAC) are two major forms of such abuse. Despite their wide-reaching effects on individual and community health, these risk factors have not been adequately prioritised as key drivers of global health burden. Comprehensive x§and reliable estimates of the comparative health burden of IPV and SVAC are urgently needed to inform investments in prevention and support for survivors at both national and global levels.

Methods

We estimated the prevalence and attributable burden …

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Assessing Health Literacy In Somali Women Living In The United States With Hypertension, Tawanna Morris

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Health literacy (HL) remains a critical public health concern, particularly among immigrant populations. This qualitative study explored how low health literacy relates to hypertension (HTN) management among Somali immigrant women. Low HL and chronic conditions such as HTN continue to affect this group disproportionately, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Guided by the Health Belief Model, this research examined Somali immigrant women’s perceptions of HL, how literacy levels influence hypertension management, and the barriers they encounter when managing their condition. Five Somali immigrant women who met the criteria participated in semi-structured interviews. All spoke English, were at least 18 years …

Inferring Disease Progression Networks To Predict Comorbidities, Nolan Stuessy

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

Taking A Step Back: Revisiting Compassionate Release After The First Step Act, Robert Campbell

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Consensus-Based Expert Recommendations For Diagnosis And Clinical Management Of Vanishing White Matter., Romy J. Van Voorst, Daphne H. Schoenmakers, Joshua L. Bonkowsky, Adeline Vanderver, Ingeborg Krägeloh-Mann, Geneviève Bernard, Enrico Bertini, Ali Fatemi, Paulo V. Sgobbi, Nicole I. Wolf, Samuel Groeschel, Davide Tonduti, Caroline Sevin, Jennifer L. Orthmann-Murphy, Ludger Schöls, Ettore Salsano, Bernard Brais, Nicole Jaffe, Kasper W. Ter Horst, Sabine E. Hannema, Katherine G. Hayes, Jochen Meyburg, Marc Van Heerde, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Rosalina Van Spaendonk, Isabelle Thiffault, Geesje H. Hofsteenge, Carolina Sudmeier-Broek, Corrie Timmer, Donna Skwirut, Allyson Buck, Bret Hollberg, Ron Chapleau, Hanka Dekker, Susan G. Campbell, Truus E M Abbink, Prisca S. Leferink, Marjo S. Van Der Knaap

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Vanishing white matter (VWM) is a rare disorder, characterized by degeneration of CNS white matter, clinically often exacerbated by stressors such as fever and minor head trauma. VWM is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the EIF2B1-5 genes, causing reduced activity of eukaryotic initiation of translation factor 2B, resulting in dysregulation of the integrated stress response (ISR). New scientific insights and increased clinical trials in experimental therapies highlight the need for clinical guidelines to improve and standardize care for patients with VWM worldwide. Standardized care is important for therapy development, as it lessens clinical variability of trial participants at study …

Exploring The Role Of Human Pioneer Factors On Hiv Transcription Through Rna Interference Screening, Zachary Comella

Harriet L Wilkes Honors College Theses 2020 - Present

Per the World Health Organization, approximately 40 million individuals live with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) against HIV limits viral replication but does not eradicate the virus. This is mainly due to the presence of long lived CD4+ T cells harboring transcriptionally silenced integrated proviruses, hidden from the immune system, which are, however, ready to reinitiate a spreading infection as soon as treatment is interrupted. To develop novel strategies to block virus reactivation without treatment, a deep understanding of host factors contributing to HIV transcriptional regulation is needed. Pioneer factors (PFs) are a unique type of …

Rare Epigenetic Alterations Are Conserved Across Hematopoietic Differentiation Stages After Mycobacterial Infection, Brandon T Tran, Pamela N Luna, Ruoqiong Cao, Duy T Le, Apoorva Thatavarty, Laure Maneix, Bailee N Kain, Scott Koh, Andre Catic, Katherine Y King

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Infection leads to durable cell-autonomous changes in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), resulting in production of innate immune cells with heightened immunity. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, termed central trained immunity, remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that infection induces histone modifications leading to changes in chromatin accessibility that are conserved during differentiation from HSPCs to myeloid progenitors and monocytes. We conducted genome-wide surveillance of histone marks H3K27ac and H3K4me3 and chromatin accessibility in hematopoietic stem cells, multipotent progenitor 3, granulocyte-monocyte progenitors, monocytes and macrophages of naïve and Mycobacterium avium infected mice. Interferon signaling pathways and related transcription factor binding …

De Facto Death Sentences For Misdemeanor Offenses: A Right To Medication For Opioid Use Disorder Induction Under The Washington Law Against Discrimination, Alena R. Sharp

Washington Journal of Social & Environmental Justice

The opioid crisis remains one of the deadliest public health emergencies in the United States, disproportionately impacting marginalized communities, including people in the criminal legal system. Medication for opioid use disorder is the recognized standard of care for treating opioid use disorder. Despite the fact that medications have also been shown to reduce overdose deaths and relapse rates, many prisons and jails continue to impose blanket prohibitions on medications for opioid use disorder for nonpregnant individuals, placing them at an elevated risk for acute withdrawal, suicide, and fatal overdose.

This comment examines the systemic barriers to access medication for opioid …

Collaborative Research: Cif: Medium: Foundations Of Robust Deep Learning Via Data Geometry And Dyadic Structure, Kevin Moon

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Improving Patient Outcomes Through Implementation Of The Kdoqi Guidelines For Tunneled Dialysis Catheter Placement, Gabriela Echagaray

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to enhance adherence to the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines for placement of tunneled dialysis catheters (TDCs) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The project addressed inconsistent application of best practices related to TDC placement, improved documentation, improved communication using TigerConnect, a reduction in inappropriate catheter placements, and maintenance of a zero hospital-acquired tunneled dialysis catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) rate. Notably, some patients continued to be admitted with pre-existing community-acquired tunneled catheter-related infections, underscoring the effectiveness of the hospital’s internal infection prevention strategies while highlighting the need for enhanced collaboration with outpatient …

Investigating Factors That Affect Total Ige Antibody Levels Of A Canine Population In Louisville, Ky, Iris N. Gillespie

Undergraduate Theses

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a genetically predisposed condition that causes inflammatory and pruritic (itchy) skin reactions in response to environmental and food allergens. The main purpose of this study is to determine if there is a correlation between pollen counts and total canine IgE antibody levels of dogs living in Louisville, KY. Additionally, data is analyzed to look for trends documented in previous studies related to the impacts of sex, age, and allergic symptoms on total IgE count. In collaboration with the Downtown Animal Hospital, blood samples were drawn from 16 dogs at one point in February (when pollen …

Examining The Intersectional And Structural Issues Of Routine Healthcare Utilization And Access Inequities For Lgb People With Chronic Diseases, Shiya Cao, Mehreen Mirza, Sophia Silovsky, Nicole Tresvalles, Lucia Qin, Sarah Susnea

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications

In the United States, although the gaps in health insurance coverage by sexual orientation have been closing since the implementation of the Affordable Care Act and legalization of same-sex marriage, the LGB group (i.e., lesbian, gay, bisexual) continues to report healthcare utilization and access inequities such as more delayed or unmet care. The extant research has often examined healthcare utilization and access inequities due to affordability (e.g., out-of-pocket costs). However, healthcare utilization and access inequities are only partially explained by cost reasons; there are non-cost reasons that have not been adequately empirically examined. The present study innovatively includes discrimination structural …

State Of Technology Usage In Smaller Public Accounting Firms In 2025, Arun Kumararaj, Candice Hux

Honors Capstones

Prior research gives significant attention to technology usage of large public accounting firms, particularly the Big 4. However, limited evidence exists on the smaller public accounting firms, which constitute a majority of the public accounting field. In this study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with eight highly experienced professionals of smaller accounting firms. Findings reveal that firm size does not necessarily predict technological sophistication. Rather, individual leadership, including a single partner, emerges as a critical driver towards technological advancement. AI was primarily used for administrative tasks and, as of yet, the return on investment has been unclear. Despite this, all interviewees …

Hospital Length Of Stay In Sepsis Patients Across Age, Comorbidity, And Invasive Device Use Categories, Heri Sutanto, Alif Nurul Izzati, Syifa Mustika

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated response of the body to infection. Sepsis is closely associated with high costs and prolonged length of hospitalization. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between sepsis risk factors and length of hospitalization for sepsis patients at Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang General Hospital. This study used a retrospective cohort approach with a sample size of 56 medical records. The study used inclusion criteria for sample selection. The analysis results in a p-value of 0.976 and an r-value of 0.004; the findings demonstrated a correlation between patient age and …

Evaluation Of Antibacterial Activity Of Amaranthus Spinosus Extract Against Streptococcus Mutans: An In-Vitro Study, Fakhrun Nisa, Juen Carla Warella, Valentine Hursepuny, Johan Bruyif Bension, Khairunnida Rahma

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Streptococcus mutans is a component of the normal oral flora that can become a primary pathogen, leading to dental caries and tooth decay. Tooth decay and dental caries are the most common oral health issues worldwide. Treatment of dental caries and tooth decay represents a crucial effort in addressing global health concerns. One alternative treatment the community used to treat dental caries and tooth decay is thorn spinach (Amaranthus spinosus). Thorn spinach leaves contain bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial properties, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of thorn spinach leaf …

Toward Indonesia’S Zero Leprosy 2030: Key Lessons From Epidemiological Trends In Papua 2020-2024, Inneke Viviane Sumolang, Dimas Iqbal Romadhon, Agnes Angelita Suyanto

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Papua, the easternmost province of Indonesia, has consistently reported the highest number of new leprosy cases and leprosy-related disabilities for decades. Despite this burden, no comprehensive study in recent years has systematically examined the epidemiological trends of leprosy in Papua using large datasets. This study provides an updated analysis of leprosy elimination efforts and evaluates the province’s readiness to achieve the Zero Leprosy 2030 target. A retrospective descriptive epidemiological review was conducted using secondary data from the routine health information system of Papua Province from 2020 to 2024. Extracted variables included demographic characteristics, new case reports, diagnostic classification, disability grade, …