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The Role Of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Epidermal Growth Factor, Insulin-Like Growth Factor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, And Sonic Hedgehog In The Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip With Or Without Cleft Palate Development: A Scoping Review, Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Salman Khan, Saskia Lenggogeni Nasroen, Ani Melani Maskoen, Erli Sarilita

Chimica et Natura Acta

Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) birth defect, it imposes an enormous stress on society and requires nutrition, dental, speech, behavioural, and surgical therapies. The NSCLP multifactorial aetiology, including the environment and genetic factors. The environment and genetic factors affect the cellular mechanism, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell migration and signalling pathways. Genetic growth factors including Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β), Fibroblast Growth factors (FGFs), Platelet-derived Growth factors (PDGFs), Epidermal Growth factor (EGF), Insulin-like growth factors (IGF), Vascular Endothelial Growth factor (VEGF), Sonic Hedgehog (SHH). The study aims to understand the role of the growth factors “TGF-β, …

The Neurogenic Effects Of Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma Longifolia Jack) And Seluang Fish (Rasbora Spp.) In Malnutrition-Induced Rat, Didik Dwi Sanyoto, Triawanti, Meitria Syahadatina Noor, Dimas Ikhsan Airlangga

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Highlights:
1. This study analyzed the effects of using locally sourced pasak bumi extract and seluang fish on the parameters of neurogenesis in malnourished rat models.
2. It promotes further exploration into modified treatments for malnutrition, emphasizing nutritional strategies that harness locally available natural resources.


Abstract
Early developmental malnutrition exerts adverse effects on the structural, neurochemical, and neurophysiological maturation of cerebral cells by disrupting the process of neurogenesis. Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) and seluang fish (Rasbora spp.), two indigenous natural resources of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, are believed to harbor nutritional components capable of mitigating these deleterious effects. We aimed …

Effect Of L-Citrulline On Creatine Kinase Mm (Ck-Mm) Isoenzymes In Mice: An In Vivo Study Focusing On Immunohistochemistry Analysis, Dhoni Akbar Ghozali, Annisa Aghnia Rahma, Shafira Nur Hanifa, Muhana Fawwazy Ilyas

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Highlights:
1. This study elucidates the effect of L-citrulline supplementation on creatine kinase MM (CK-MM) expression post-eccentric exercise, offering novel insights into its potential role in mitigating muscle damage.
2. The findings demonstrate that L-citrulline administration significantly reduces CK-MM expression levels in skeletal muscle tissue, suggesting its therapeutic potential in enhancing muscle recovery and performance following exercise-induced damage.
3. This study contributes valuable insights into the multifaceted benefits of L-citrulline supplementation for supporting overall muscle health and performance by identifying its protective effects under different mechanisms, including improved blood flow, antioxidant activity, enhanced mitochondrial function, and promotion of muscle protein …

Larvicidal Effect Of Breadfruit (Artocarpus Altilis) Flower Extract Against Aedes Aegypti, Ni Wayan Winianti, Putu Indah Budi Apsari, Ni Kadek Meta Jayanti

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Highlights:
1. This study attempted an experiment on the novel invention of a naturally sourced larvacide, specifically breadfruit (Artocarpus atilis) flower extract, against Aedes aegepti.
2. The findings of this study suggest that breadfruit flower extract can serve as an effective larvacide, as evident by an increased mortality rate of Aedes aegepti larvae.


Abstract
Dengue hemorrhagic fever remains a major problem in Indonesia. The mosquito that spreads this disease is the Aedes aegypti species. The use of larvicides is a viable method to inhibit the growth of larvae into adult mosquitoes. The flowers of breadfruits (Artocarpus atilis) have long been …

Using Growth Implants In Bos Indicus Cattle Compared To Bos Taurus Cattle, Reganne K. Briggs, Caleb C. Reichhardt, Kara Thornton-Kurth, Matthew Garcia, Laura Motsinger

All Current Publications

A recent study at Utah State University compared production response to anabolic implant protocols of Santa Gertrudis-sired and Angus-sired steers. Feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and economic analyses were completed to determine how implants affect Bos indicus-influenced animals. This fact sheet reviews the research findings and suggested benefits, such as increased efficiency and yield of steers.

Neuroinflammation And Brain Health Risks In Veterans Exposed To Burn Pit Toxins, Athena Brooks, Brian Sandri, Joshua Nixon, Timothy Nurkiewicz, Paul Barach, Janeen Trembley, Tammy Butterick

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Military burn pits, used for waste disposal in combat zones, involve the open-air burning of waste materials, including plastics, metals, chemicals, and medical waste. The pits release a complex mixture of occupational toxic substances, including particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy metals, dioxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Air pollution significantly impacts brain health through mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. Pollutants penetrate the respiratory system, enter the bloodstream, and cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), triggering inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS). Chronic environmental exposures result in sustained inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal damage, contributing to neurodegenerative diseases and …

Influence Of Zinc Oxide Nano Spray On The Growth And Development Of Bryophyllum Pinnatum, Sirwa Anwar Qadir, Chnar Najmaddin Fathulla, Shireen Abdulkerim Amin

Polytechnic Journal

"Background and objectives: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the best applied nanoscale technologies in agriculture. It showed both positive and negative effects on plant growth. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of ZnO NPs positive or negative effect as a foliar fertilizer on the growth and development of Brophyllum pinnatum seedlings and which concentration play a crucial role in its positivity Methods: The study was conducted as completely randomized design to detect the effect of three levels of green ZnO NPs foliar spray; 0.20, 0.40 and 0.60 ppm as compared to control on some physiological anatomical characters …

Development Of A Preliminary Clinical Approach For Detecting Insulin Resistance For Normoglycemic Control In Canine Diabetes, Chutirat Torsahakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Consistent and effective blood glucose (BG) control is crucial in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance (IR). In this study, the surrogate indices for monitoring insulin sensitivity and the preliminary clinical approach for detecting IR were established. Fasting serum C-peptide was measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and utilized as an endogenous insulin representation. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was then calculated. To detect the IR, the relationship between HOMA-IR and fasting serum C-peptide in each individual subject was analyzed, and designed cut-off values. The results revealed that the HOMA-IR of …

Gastric And Rectal Phytobezoar From Sunflower Seed Ingestion: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, Joseph O. Atarere, Sakthi S. Gautham, Jennifer A. Evans, Haider A. Naqvi

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Seed bezoars are a subcategory of phytobezoars caused by undigested vegetable seeds or fruit pits. We report the case of a 48-year-old woman who was admitted due to severe constipation and rectal pain. Rectal examination was notable for numerous sunflower seeds at the anal verge. Initial CT imaging revealed fecal impaction with a rectal bezoar which was managed with manual evacuation. Repeat CT imaging was notable for a gastric bezoar which was successfully managed by dissolution therapy with Coca-Cola. Most seed bezoars can be managed conservatively and life-threatening complications are rare.

Keywords: gastric bezoar, rectal bezoar, phytobezoar, sunflower seed, case …

Faculty Senate Agenda September 9, 2024, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

• 3:00 Call to Order
• Approval of Minutes
• 3:05 University Business
• 3:20 Faculty Senate Business
• 3:35 Information
• EPC Report
• HB 261 Compliance Efforts
• Faculty Senate Discussions
• 3:55 Reports
• Center for Instructional Design and Innovation
• Empowering Teaching Excellence Annual Report
• 4:10 Old Business
• 4:15 New Business
• Adjourn: 4:30 pm

Biology Department Publications: 2005, Sam Lindgren

Biology Department Bibliographies

This document is a noncomprehensive list of publications made by graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and faculty members in the Biology Department in 2005. It indexes those publications available through major databases, and serves as an archival record of the Department’s robust scholarly contributions.

Biology Department Publications: 2014, Sam Lindgren

Biology Department Bibliographies

This document is a noncomprehensive list of publications made by graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and faculty members in the Biology Department in 2014. It indexes those publications available through major databases, and serves as an archival record of the Department’s robust scholarly contributions.

Biology Department Publications: 2017, Sam Lindgren

Biology Department Bibliographies

This document is a noncomprehensive list of publications made by graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and faculty members in the Biology Department in 2017. It indexes those publications available through major databases, and serves as an archival record of the Department’s robust scholarly contributions.

Biology Department Publications: 2009, Sam Lindgren

Biology Department Bibliographies

This document is a noncomprehensive list of publications made by graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and faculty members in the Biology Department in 2009. It indexes those publications available through major databases, and serves as an archival record of the Department’s robust scholarly contributions.

Investigating The Role Of The Static And Hyperviscous Mucus Defect On The Development Of Bacterial Infection In The Cystic Fibrosis Rat, Mikayla Murphree-Terry

All ETDs from UAB

INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF THE STATIC AND HYPERVISCOUS MUCUS DEFECT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BACTERIAL INFECTION IN THE CYSTIC FIBROSIS RAT MIKAYLA MURPHREE-TERRY GRADUATE BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES - MICROBIOLOGY ABSTRACT Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, resulting in dysfunctional CFTR. In the lungs, CFTR dysfunction results in dehydrated mucus that is adherent to epithelia. In the gut, thick mucus can mix with feces to form an obstruction, known as distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS). Additionally, CF mucus has a higher percentage of solids. The main solid component of …

Training Needs And Costs In Kalamazoo's Core Neighborhoods, Timothy J. Bartik, Bridget Timmeney, Zachary Brown, Gerrit Anderson, Kathleen Bolter, Nicholas Martens, Brian Pittelko

Reports

This report estimates training needs in three Kalamazoo “core neighborhoods”: the Northside, Edison, and the Eastside. Using Census data, the analysis estimates the number of people potentially needing training in these neighborhoods as between 1,254 and 2,098 individuals. This report also estimates this training population’s characteristics, including: childcare needs, lack of a household vehicle, disability, felony records, substance abuse, mental illness. All these characteristics pose challenges for many hundreds in the training population. Based on a review of prior effective “sectoral training programs”, a training program may cost $7,300 per trainee, with over two-thirds of this cost due to various …

Effects Of Probiotic Lactobacilli On Candida Albicans: Implications For Early Childhood Caries, Leena Unnikrishnan Menon

All ETDs from UAB

Purpose: Probiotic Lactobacillus species are shown to have beneficial effects against early childhood caries (ECC). On the other hand, the wide use of probiotic Lactobacillus spp. in dairy foods is believed to underline the global increase in ECC prevalence. Candida albicans has been frequently detected in children with ECC and has shown cariogenic potential in animal models of dental caries. The objective of this study was to determine the interactions between lactobacilli and C. albicans in growth competition, biofilm formation and acid production. Methods: Growth competition between C. albicans SC5314 and probiotic L. rhamnosus GG or caries-associated L. rhamnosus M72-26 …

Phylogenetic Diversity Of Flagellin Differentiates Commensal Gut Bacteria That Induce Distinct Intestinal Epithelial Cell Responses, Melissa Simone Jennings

All ETDs from UAB

Flagellins belonging to bacteria from the Lachnospiraceae family are immunodom-inant antigens in inflammatory bowel disease. Flagellin, the basic unit of flagella utilized by bacteria for motility, is recognized by the host via toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). Due to the diversity of flagellated bacteria, we investigated if this diversity results in distinct interac-tions between the bacteria and the host. Phylogenetic analysis on over 200 flagellin se-quences, primarily from Lachnospiraceae bacteria, revealed two divergent clusters we refer to as Group 1 (G1) and Group 2 (G2). In gnotobiotic mice colonized with G1 or G2 bacte-ria, both groups induce colonic interleukin 10 (IL-10)-producing …

Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study To Determine The Prevalence Of Periodontal Bone Loss As A Function Of Age In The Predoctoral Clinic Patient Population, Lincoln Nguyen

All ETDs from UAB

Age has a significant effect on the body’s ability fight off disease, recover, and maintain collagen structures, and it has been observed that older adults have a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases. Studies have shown that age is a risk factor for alveolar bone loss. However, there is a lack of research done looking at if this is a linear progression or if there is a specific age that susceptibility increases. The aim of this study is to investigate (1) changes in radiographic bone loss in varying age groups in the University of Alabama patient population and (2) to evaluate …

O-Glcnacylation And Modulation Of Gabaergic Transmission, Shekinah Phillips

All ETDs from UAB

Changes in the strength of GABAergic transmission is heavily influenced by posttranslational modifications and allosteric modulators like benzodiazepines and neurosteroids. O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification that is tightly regulated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which add or remove the O-GlcNAc moiety of β–N-acetylglucosamine to serine and threonine residues on proteins, respectively. Published reports from our lab have demonstrated that an acute increase in O-GlcNAcylation induces a long-term depression (LTD) of evoked GABAAR mediated IPSCs (eIPSCs) and reduces the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous IPSC (sIPSC) in hippocampal principal cells, however the mechanism in which this occurs is …

The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Intake On Glycemic And Blood Pressure Responses When Controlling For Medication In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes, Andrew Tyler

All ETDs from UAB

The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases has continued to rise within the United. Physical activity and poor dietary choices are two factors that are known to contribute to the rise in cardiometabolic diseases. Thus, it is critical to identify strategies that may mitigate the negative impact from these behaviors. Several recent studies have shown that consumption of dietary inorganic nitrate (diNO3) may improve vascular health and glucose regulation in animal models and some human studies. However, the improvements in glucose regulation have yet to be corroborated in humans with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, the purpose of this study was to …

Sleep And Stigma: Novel Factors In The Relationship Between Weight Status And Cognitive Function?, Lindsay M. Stager

All ETDs from UAB

U.S. obesity rates are rising. Impaired cognitive function (CF) negatively correlates with obesity and may impact food consumption. However, the mechanisms of action demand assessment. This study aimed to identify adiposity-based differences in adolescent CF and food consumption and determine the roles of sleep and stigma within these relationships. Adolescents completed questionnaires including the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function and Brief Version of the Stigmatizing Situations Inventory assessing weight stigma. Actigraphy and food diaries assessed typical sleep duration and food consumption. Participants then completed two sleep conditions in a randomized order: adequate (AS; >8 hours asleep) and restricted (RS; <5 hours asleep) sleep. Each condition was preceded by a 2-night washout period (9 hours in bed per night) and followed by a morning lab visit involving a cognitive battery and self-serve breakfast. Adolescents with healthy weight (HW) demonstrated greater performance-based episodic memory compared to adolescents with overweight/obesity (OWOB), but self-reported poorer inhibition, self-monitoring, and planning/organizing. Findings were similar in models using total body fat percent (TBF%) as a predictor, and stigma did not mediate these relationships. Adiposity did not relate to typical self-reported food consumption. RS predicted poorer performance-based global cognition, fluid cognition, and cognitive flexibility for adolescents with OWOB and improved cognitive flexibility among adolescents with HW. Adolescents with OWOB also had poorer attention compared to adolescents with HW following RS, while there were no group differences following AS. Findings were similar in models using TBF% as a predictor. However, adolescents with TBF% elevated above 42, also had poorer processing speed following RS, and the relationship between sleep and attention did not vary based on TBF%. RS also predicted decreased consumption of total calories, calories from processed foods, and fat for both BMI groups. This study increases understanding of the relationships among weight, CF, and food consumption, and the roles of sleep and stigma within these relationships. Adolescents with OWOB were more vulnerable to the negative cognitive effects of RS and RS predicted decreased consumption of calories and fat. Promotion of improved sleep hygiene and duration may be critical for the cognitive health of adolescents with OWOB.

Testicular Phenotypes Of Rdhe Dko Mice, Aja Slay

All ETDs from UAB

The bioactive form of vitamin A, all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), plays a critical role in cell differentiation, metabolism, and cellular proliferation by regulating gene transcription. RA signaling is critical during embryogenesis to ensure proper development and during adulthood for tissue maintenance. Disruption of the RA signaling pathway induced by vitamin A deficiency and genetic defects in vitamin A metabolizing enzymes results in embryonic malformations. Previous studies implicate the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) family members as important in RA synthesis. Among the SDR family are retinol dehydrogenase epidermal 2 (RDHE2) and RDHE2-similar (RDHE2S)- collectively RDHE. To gain insight into how RDHE influences the …

The Association Of Environment And Organizational Factors And Community Collaboration To Address ‘Social Determinants Of Health', Ishwari Venkataraman

All ETDs from UAB

Upstream social and non-medical factors, known as social determinants of health (SDOH), significantly impact an individual and community’s health status. (SDOH includes housing, food, utility, transportation, education, and employment). It is not a hospital’s core competency to address SDOH. The preferred way to address SDOH and achieve health equity in a community is through a multi-sector collaborative effort. This study aimed to explore the association between a hospital’s environmental and organizational factors and the reported levels of collaboration with its community partners in addressing SDOH. The conceptual framework used in this study included the Interorganizational Collaboration Theory (IOC) and Contingency …

The Effect Of Lower Limb Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation On The Muscle And Metabolic Health After Acute Spinal Cord Injury, Amal Alharbi

All ETDs from UAB

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event with long-term consequences for individuals and their families. It causes immediate disruption to neuronal pathways, leading to paralysis and loss of muscle function below the injury level. A few weeks after the injury, there is a rapid decline in contractile activity, muscle mass, and cross-sectional area. This leads to muscle fiber degeneration and a shift towards a higher proportion of fast glycolytic fibers, which are more prone to fatigue and less efficient in energy utilization. Severe muscle atrophy in SCI is closely linked to metabolic dysfunction, affecting overall health and rehabilitation recovery. …

Everyday Functioning In Middle Aged And Older Adults With Hiv: Factors That Influence Everyday Functioning And Awareness Of Functioning, Alexandra Elaine Jacob

All ETDs from UAB

With combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the population of older people living with HIV (PLWH) is growing. There is a need to better understand everyday functioning, including instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), to improve real-world outcomes for this clinical population. This dissertation attempts to (1) characterize factors related to self-report and performance of IADLs in PLWH, (2) examine correlates of self-awareness for functional abilities, and (3) apply a theoretical model to examine complex relationships between factors that impact self-awareness for functional abilities. Participants in these retrospective analyses included 260 PLWH who completed a comprehensive neurobehavioral evaluation including neuropsychological tests, measures …

Prevention Of Spina Bifida Through Fortification Of Iodized Salt With Folic Acid, Anastasia Arynchyna Smith

All ETDs from UAB

The overarching goal of the three-paper dissertation is to address the gaps in the literature on the clinical care burden of preventable spina bifida on the global neurosurgical community and the need for a universal food vehicle for fortification with folic acid as a novel prevention strategy. It is known that sufficient intake of folic acid is imperative to prevent neural tube defects (spina bifida) in the developing fetus in the first month post-conception. It is also known that fortifying staple foods is the most cost-saving and effective prevention method. However, very few countries have mandatory fortification policies. Therefore, the …

The Effects Of The Home Food Environment On Habits Towards Foods, Demetria R. Pizano

All ETDs from UAB

Habits are the learned and reinforced behavioral patterns that predict an individual's tendencies to engage in an action in their environment (Gardner, de Bruijn & Lally, 2011). Behaviors consistently triggered by an environmental context, such as a home, allow the formation of habitual responses towards health practices such as food consumption (van't Riet et al., 2011). The home food environment (HFE), the availability and access to healthy foods, influences an individual's food selection and consumption behaviors that ultimately shape their eating habits (Nilsen, Roback, Brostrom, & Ellstrom, 2012). Similarly, an individual's executive function (EF), which represents their cognitive ability to …

Understanding Engagement With A Web-Based Diet And Exercise Program For Older Cancer Survivors, Aurora Tafili

All ETDs from UAB

The purpose of this dissertation is to develop an understanding of engagement with a web-based diet and exercise program. The three objectives of this dissertation include: (1) determining what theoretical underpinnings technology-based health behavior change interventions are utilizing and applying; (2) developing an understanding of older cancer survivors’ process of engagement with a web-based diet and exercise intervention through the utilization of a mixed methods grounded theory approach; and (3) identify what evidence-based strategies to promote engagement can be devised and dissemination based on process of engagement identified. Three methodologies were utilized to conduct this dissertation: (1) a systematic review …

The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status And Polygenic Risk Scores On Body Mass Index Among Non-Hispanic White Americans, Tomiwa Joshua Ayetigbo

All ETDs from UAB

The prevalence of obesity in the United States remains high, especially among individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES). Studies examining the joint influence of genetics and social factors, such as early life SES and education, in association with obesity remain underreported. These social factors might be related to a heightened risk of obesity. Genetic factors may further exacerbate the high-weight predisposition of those at risk. Genetic and social factors may act together to shape individuals’ weight. Therefore, this research ex-amined (a) whether the association between polygenic risk for BMI (PGS-BMI) and Body Mass Index (BMI) is independently modified by early …