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Lindenwood Digest, September 11, 2024, Lindenwood University

Lindenwood Digest

The Lindenwood Digest has been a digital employee newsletter since 2009.

Research On Fruit Appearance Detection And Classification Method Based On Yolov8, Tang Xingping, Wang Baijuan, Yang Hongxin, Yang Zhengming, Li Rujia, Wu Wendou

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To establish a nondestructive detection method for fruit appearance. [Methods] Nectarines were used as the research subject. The IQQU3 smart phone camera was used to capture the picture data, which was then preprocessed. The image annotation program Labelimg was used to label the data. Panning, left-right flipping, and mirror flipping were used to enlarge the data. Using an ratio of 8∶2, the enlarged photos were split into training and test sets. Lastly, the data was trained for 150 epochs using five YOLOv8 models （n, s, m, l, x）. The training results of the five models were compared and analyzed …

Process Parameter Optimization Of Pumpkin Combined Drying Based On Genetic Algorithm, Wu Shaofeng, Qiang Hua, Zhang Xin, Bai Yunjiao, Wu Shihui

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To improve the drying quality of pumpkins. [Methods] This study conducted experiments on hot air drying, vacuum drying, and combined hot air-vacuum drying, these drying characteristics were evaluated and compared based on unit energy consumption, rehydration ratio, and color difference indicators. Combining BP neural network model with genetic algorithm, combined with entropy weight and weighted scoring method, a multi-objective comprehensive optimization was carried out for the combined hot air-vacuum drying of pumpkins. [Results] Under the same conditions, the highest drying efficiency was hot air drying; And the findings revealed that at drying temperatures was 55 ℃, with a moisture …

Research Progress On Extraction, Purification And Structural Modification Of Polysaccharides From Edible Fungi, Zheng Tingting, Zhang Wenjie, Gong Wanying, Liu Cong, Zhao Miaomiao, Yan Liang

Food and Machinery

The extraction and purification methods of polysaccharides from edible fungi determine their structure, which in turn affects their biological activity, and is the basis of research on edible fungi polysaccharides. Some specific structural features make the biological activity of edible mushroom polysaccharides significantly enhanced. Therefore, researchers have used physical, biological and chemical methods to modify the molecular structure of edible mushroom polysaccharides to improve their biological activity. The review introduced the extraction, purification and structural modification methods of edible fungi polysaccharides. The advantages and disadvantages of extraction, purification of polysaccharides from edible fungi, and the effects of chemical modification on …

Isolation, Purification And Structure Characterization Of The Polysaccharide From The Fermentation Broth Of Phlebopus Portentosus, Pan Zhangchao, Wang Yong, Wu Li, Zeng Niankai

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to efficiently utilize the resources of Phlebopus portentosus and develop its polysaccharide functional food. [Methods] The mycelium of P. portentosus was cultured and fermented, and the combined fermentation broth was concentrated at low a temperature and reduced pressure. Then, precipitated by ethanol, separated, purified by DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography, and the polysaccharide was finally refined by dialysis to remove the small molecular impurities. The total sugar content was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetry, the monosaccharide composition was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and the impurities such as nucleic acid and protein were detected by ultraviolet …

Comparison Of Physicochemical Properties Of Mung Bean Liquid And Quality Characteristics Of Mung Bean Yuba By Different Thermoultrasonic Treatment, Sun Jiahui, Wang Juntong, Zheng Xiqun, Zuo Feng

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to study the effect of thermal ultrasound on the physicochemical properties of mung bean milk liquid and the quality of yuba. [Methods] Using mung bean as raw material, mung bean slurry was treated with different thermal ultrasonic conditions and made into yuba. [Results] Compared with untreated slurry, with the increase of temperature, the increase in particle size and thiol content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. At 50 ℃, the particle size of 100 and 150 W increased from 156.27 nm to 208.06 nm and 191.96 nm, and the thiol content increased from …

Analysis Of Rice Grain Motion Characteristics In A Rice Polisher Based On Particle Image Velocimetry, Duan Feng, Liu Xiaopeng, Hu Peng, Zhang Yonglin, Xie Zeliang, Pei Houchang

Food and Machinery

[Objective] By studying the relationship between the operating parameters of the polishing machine, the motion patterns of rice grains, and the generation of broken rice rates, to seek the basis for optimal parameter control of the polishing machine. [Methods] By analyzing the motion process of rice grains in the polishing chamber, conducting full-factorial experiments, and applying Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to analyze the trajectory of rice grain movement, clarifiied the relationship between the motion status of rice grains, the rate of broken rice, and the rotational speed of the polishing machine as well as the opening degree of the pressure …

Numerical Simulation And Validation Of Ice Filling Process For Ice Slurry Precooling Box Packaging Of Broccoli, Li Gan, Wang Qing, Lu Lixin, Pan Liao

Food and Machinery

[Objective] In order to solve the problem of uniformity of ice crystal distribution in the process of ice slurry filling. [Methods] Taking broccoli as the research object, the physical model of packing broccoli in carton was established, and the effects of ice filling speed and ice filling Angle on ice crystal distribution uniformity during the ice filling process were analyzed by CFD simulation, so as to determine appropriate ice filling process parameters. [Results] The ice-filling speed and filling angle significantly impact the uniformity of ice crystal distribution. Both excessively low and high ice-filling speeds were detrimental to achieving uniform ice …

Shelf-Life Prediction Model Of Premna Microphylla Turez Jelly, Wang Wei, Zhao Wuqi, Tian Yuan, He Liucheng, Chen Yueyuan

Food and Machinery

[Objective] The influence of different storage temperatures on the quality and total number of microbial colonies of Premna microphylla Turez jelly was studied, and the shelf-life prediction model based on quality indexes and the total number of colonies were established. [Methods] P. microphylla Turez jelly were stored at temperatures of 1, 4, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ℃, and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, chewiness, water holding capacity and total number of colonies were regularly measured. The influence of different temperatures on the quality indexes and the total number of colonies were discussed, and the fitting equations of each monitoring index …

Effect Of High Fat, High Fat And High Fructose Diet On Hyperuricemia In Rats, Che Yingjuan, Chen Yan, Chen Tingting, Luo Shunjing, Liu Chengmei

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of high fat diet and high fat and high fructose diet on uric acid level and liver and kidney function in hyperuricemia (HUA) rats. [Methods] 24 rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, high-fat diet group and high-fat and high-fructose diet group. All rats were fed with the corresponding diets, except the control group, 500 mg/kg potassium oxazinate and 100 mg/kg adenine per day. After 6 weeks, serum biochemical indexes such as uric acid and creatinine were determined, and pathological examination of kidney and liver was performed. [Results] The uric …

Preparation Technology Of Tangerine Peel Composite Solid Beverage And Its Protective Effect On Mice With Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury, Lei Chang, Zhu Lingfeng, Zhu Lijun, Ou Feilin, Mao Yingchao, Fu Fuhua

Food and Machinery

[Objective] A solid beverage with antialcoholic function was developed by the raw materials of tangerine peel, hawthorn and Pueraria lobata, which had the same origin as food and medicine, and explore its protective effect on mice with acute alcoholic liver injury. [Methods] The dry paste rate and total flavone content were used as the indexes，the extraction process was selected by orthogonal test. The single factor method was used to optimize the forming process with the indexes of sensory evaluation, shaping rate and solubility. A mouse model of acute alcoholic liver injury was established by administering 52% alcohol. The liver …

Effect Of Β-Hydroxy-Β-Methylbutyric Acid On Muscle Protection During Taekwondo Team Training, Song Boya, Jiang Tao, Gou Bo, Wang Qirong, Liu Qiang, Feng Haotian

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （HMβ） supplementation on muscle protection in taekwondo players during training. [Methods] 18 male subjects above the second level of the Taekwondo special Team who voluntarily participated in the experiment were recruited and divided into experimental and control groups （9 each） according to the conditions. The experimental group consumed one sachet （25 g/bag, the amount of HMβ added was 500 mg/bag） of HMβ-added milk powder before and after training （with a break of more than 30 min） in the morning and afternoon from Monday to Saturday, …

Fermentation Technology And Effects Of Antioxidant And Anti-Exercise Fatigue Of Quinoa Haskap Complex Fermented Supernatant, Bai Haijun, Pang Weiqiao, Zhang Zhihui, Wang Ying

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to optimize the fermentation process of quinoa-haskap complex fruit fermentation supernatant and develop anti-exercise fatigue food with high nutritional value. [Methods] Using black quinoa and haskap as raw materials, yeast combined with Lactobacillus for collaborative fermentation, the fermentation process conditions of composite fermentation juice were optimized by single factor and orthogonal test, and its anti-exercise fatigue effect on mice was deeply investigated based on animal experiments. [Results] The optimum fermentation conditions of quinoa-indigo fruit complex juice were as follows: initial pH 4.0, fermentation time 32 h, fermentation temperature 37 ℃, white sugar content 8%, and the …

Optimization Of Ultrasound Assisted Acid Extraction Of Pectin From Walnut Green Husk And Analysis Of Its In Vitro Lipid-Lowering And Antioxidant Activities, Lu Jing, Yang Jieru, Zhu Jing, Li Qian, Wei Lingbo

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to realize the high value-added resource utilization of walnut production waste. [Methods] Ultrasonic assisted tartaric acid was used to extract pectin from walnut peel. The extraction process was optimized by response surface test, and its lipid-lowering ability and antioxidant activity were analyzed. [Results] Under the control of the conditions of ultrasonic power of 300 W, ultrasonic temperature of 95 ℃, ultrasonic time of 27 minutes, liquid to material ratio of 19∶1 （mL/g）, and pH of 2, the yield of walnut green peel pectin was the highest, reaching 25.92 mg/g. Walnut green peel pectin had good adsorption …

Application On Efficient Purification Of Isomaltooligosaccharides By Sequential Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography, Ruan Shenghui, Zheng Xiqun, Liu Xiaolan, Li Liangyu, Jiang Caixia

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To improve the production efficiency of the oligosaccharide industry. [Methods] Isomaltooligosaccharides 50 syrup was used as the raw material, and purified by sequential simulated moving bed chromatography. Potassium ion resin was selected as the suitable separation medium by preparative chromatography single column experiment. Then, based onthe principle of material balance and the basic principle of sequential simulated moving bed, the initial operating parameters of separation process were approximately established. Further the separation conditions were optimized. [Results] The best technical parameters were as follows: feed refraction was 60% and column temperature was 65 ℃. At the same time quantity of …

Optimization Of Selenium-Enriched Germination Process Of Quinoa And Its Antioxidant Activity, Zhang Ling, Zheng Wancai, Lan Yongli, Zhang Wengang

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to improve the organic selenium content of quinoa seeds and develop high-quality Se-rich quinoa food raw materials. [Methods] Using Qingbaili No. 1 quinoa as raw material and sodium selenite as a selenium source, the selenium-enriched germination process conditions of quinoa were optimized through one-way experiments combined with orthogonal experiments. The soluble protein, polyphenol content, and antioxidant capacity of selenium-enriched quinoa were further analyzed. [Results] The optimal process conditions for selenium-enriched germination of quinoa were sodium selenite solution concentration of 20 mg/L, soaking temperature of 25 ℃, soaking time of 6 h, soaking solution pH of 7.0, …

Advance On Biosynthesis Of Antibacterial Peptides And Its Application In Food Preservation, Su Yan, Li Rong

Food and Machinery

Antibacterial peptides have unique antibacterial mechanisms different from antibiotics, which are safe and less likely to cause bacterial resistance. Antibacterial peptides have significant advantages and extremely broad application prospects, which have the potential to become one of the widely used antimicrobial substances in the food industry. Currently, Nisin is allowed as food preservative. However, the promotion and application of antimicrobial peptides are still limited by high production costs, single antibacterial activity, and poor stability. The use of compound preservative technology and coating preservation technology can effectively improve the antibacterial efficiency by combining antimicrobial peptides with other natural preservatives. In addition, …

Research Progress On Extraction Techniques, Nutritional Composition And Health Benefits Of Gardenia Fruit Oil, Hu Zicong, Li Qunhe, Su Fengxian, Hu Chaofan, Zou Ying

Food and Machinery

Gardenia fruit oil is an edible vegetable oil extracted from gardenia fruit, which possesses various health benefits including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-depressant, and liver protection. Its unsaturated fatty acids account for more than 70% of the total fatty acids, and it also contains phenolic acids, tocopherols, phytosterols and other active components. In this review, the extraction process, nutritional composition and health effects of gardenia fructus oil were systematically introduced, and the key work that should be focused on the high-value utilization of gardenia fructus oil in food, cosmetics and biomedicine was prospected.

Research Progress On Health Care Function And Fruit Wine Of Aronia Melanocarpa, Tuo Longlong, Shi Pengbao, Chai Juhua, Shen Fei

Food and Machinery

Based on recent domestic and foreign research results, the health care function and fruit wine development of Aronia melanocarpa were reviewed. The types and technology research progress of the fruit wine were emphasized, and the challenges and opportunities of current development of the fruit wine were analyzed.

Bacteroides Ovatus Alleviates Dysbiotic Microbiota-Induced Graft-Versus-Host Disease, Eiko Hayase, Tomo Hayase, Akash Mukherjee, Stuart C Stinson, Mohamed A Jamal, Miriam R Ortega, Christopher A Sanchez, Saira S Ahmed, Jennifer L Karmouch, Chia-Chi Chang, Ivonne I Flores, Lauren K Mcdaniel, Alexandria N Brown, Rawan K El-Himri, Valerie A Chapa, Lin Tan, Bao Q Tran, Yao Xiao, Christopher Fan, Dung Pham, Taylor M Halsey, Yimei Jin, Wen-Bin Tsai, Rishika Prasad, Israel K Glover, Altai Enkhbayar, Aqsa Mohammed, Maren Schmiester, Katherine Y King, Robert A Britton, Pavan Reddy, Matthew C Wong, Nadim J Ajami, Jennifer A Wargo, Samuel Shelburne, Pablo C Okhuysen, Chen Liu, Stephanie W Fowler, Margaret E Conner, Zoe Katsamakis, Natalie Smith, Marina Burgos Da Silva, Doris M Ponce, Jonathan U Peled, Marcel R M Van Den Brink, Christine B Peterson, Gabriela Rondon, Jeffrey J Molldrem, Richard E Champlin, Elizabeth J Shpall, Philip L Lorenzi, Rohtesh S Mehta, Eric C Martens, Amin M Alousi, Robert R Jenq

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Acute lower gastrointestinal GVHD (aLGI-GVHD) is a serious complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Although the intestinal microbiota is associated with the incidence of aLGI-GVHD, how the intestinal microbiota impacts treatment responses in aLGI-GVHD has not been thoroughly studied. In a cohort of patients with aLGI-GVHD (n = 37), we found that non-response to standard therapy with corticosteroids was associated with prior treatment with carbapenem antibiotics and a disrupted fecal microbiome characterized by reduced abundances of Bacteroides ovatus. In a murine GVHD model aggravated by carbapenem antibiotics, introducing B. ovatus reduced GVHD severity and improved survival. These beneficial effects …

Prenatal Environment Is Associated With The Pace Of Cortical Network Development Over The First Three Years Of Life, Ursula A Tooley, Aidan Latham, Jeanette K Kenley, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Tara A Smyser, Ashley N Nielsen, Lisa Gorham, Barbara B Warner, Joshua S Shimony, Jeffrey J Neil, Joan L Luby, Deanna M Barch, Cynthia E Rogers, Christopher D Smyser

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Environmental influences on brain structure and function during early development have been well-characterized, but whether early environments are associated with the pace of brain development is not clear. In pre-registered analyses, we use flexible non-linear models to test the theory that prenatal disadvantage is associated with differences in trajectories of intrinsic brain network development from birth to three years (n = 261). Prenatal disadvantage was assessed using a latent factor of socioeconomic disadvantage that included measures of mother's income-to-needs ratio, educational attainment, area deprivation index, insurance status, and nutrition. We find that prenatal disadvantage is associated with developmental increases in …

Perspectives Of Hypertensive Black Males Living In Rural Virginia With Sodium Intake, Monitoring, And Reduction, Barbara Chestnut-Adamson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Sodium reduction therapies such as daily sodium monitoring, adhering to the American Heart Association (AHA) recommended sodium guidelines, and following the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet lowers blood pressure. Black males living in rural communities would benefit the most from sodium reduction therapies since they experience the highest rates of stroke and death from hypertension. However, Black males living in rural communities are underrepresented in studies, and little information exists on whether these sodium reduction therapies are known, believed, or practiced. This basic qualitative study researched sodium intake, monitoring, and reduction among eight clinically diagnosed hypertensive Black males …

Dissecting The Interplay Of Protein Synthesis And Degradation Pathways In Cellular Adaptation To Stress, Brittany Friedson

Theses and Dissertations

Adaptation to stress requires cells to reprogram transcription, translation, and proteolytic pathways. Although much is known about the response of each program, it remains unclear how they coordinate following stress. My studies in S. cerevisiae identified the Cdk8 kinase module (CKM) of the Mediator complex as a new player in coordinating these processes. It is well established that the CKM consists of four highly conserved proteins (cyclin C, its cognate kinase Cdk8, and two structural proteins Med12 and Med13) and predominantly represses a subset of stress responsive genes in yeast. We demonstrated for the first time that the CKM also …

A Recipe For Feeding Ourselves: New Hampshire’S First-Ever Food System Strategic Plan Is Underway, Robbin Ray

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

The Association Of Dietary Micronutrient Intake And Systemic Inflammation Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study, Kenneth Izuora, Amalie Alver, Arpita Basu, Kavita Batra, Shelly J. Williams, Jeffrey L. Ebersole

Department of Internal Medicine Faculty Research

Inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study sought to document how the systemic biomarkers of inflammation varied based on food choices among patients with T2DM. This cross-sectional study enrolled ambulatory patients with T2DM. Demographic and clinical information was collected. Five drops of fingerstick blood were collected using an absorbent paper device (HemaSpot HFR). C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A protein (SAA), and fibrinogen were measured using a Luminex assay. Patient-generated 7-day food diaries were analyzed using a validated food processor software. Data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation tests, linear regression and logistic regression with the …

On Diminishing Fuzzy Neutrosophic Topological Spaces Over Nano Topology, Jansirani N, Vasugi T, Kamal Nasir V

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

As an extension and also, a necessity to compute the indeterminacy, the concept of diminishing fuzzy sets is protracted to introduce the conception of diminishing fuzzy (single-valued) neutrosophic sets in the standard unit interval. In addition, the axioms of neutrosophic topological spaces are extended to config- ure the collection, diminishing fuzzy neutrosophic topology, and also, the basic theorems of nano topology is incorporated to the case of diminishing fuzzy neutrosophic set in terms of the approximation space and the boundary region by acquiring the same operators for the quantities, non-membership and indeterminacy are also discussed. Moreover, a nano continuous function …

Bacterial Profiles And Antibiotic Resistance In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients With Exacerbation And Type 2 Respiratory Failure At Adam Malik General Hospital, Lia Mutia Annisa, Fajrinur Syarani, Andika Pradana, Erna Mutiara

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Highlights:
1. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of various factors such as age, sex, education, occupation, BMI, and comorbidities, and their relationship with bacterial infections in COPD patients experiencing exacerbation and type 2 respiratory failure.
2. While the COPD patients experiencing exacerbation did not exhibit resistance to linezolid and vancomycin, they demonstrated specific antibiotic resistance patterns characterized by high resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics such as meropenem and amikacin.
3. The findings enhance the understanding of the complex interplay of factors influencing infection patterns in this patient population.

Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent condition …

Antibacterial Potential Of Endemic Medicinal Plants Of The Maluku Islands, Indonesia, Against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens, Eka Astuty, Vinsa Delia Luhulima, Stefanus Cahyo Ariwicaksono

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Highlights:
1. Clove, cinnamon, and eucalyptus have found to be able to providing antibacterial agents for urinary tract infection (UTI).
2. Ethanol extracts derived from clove leaves, cinnamon bark, and eucalyptus leaves can inhibit pathogenic bacteria responsible for UTI, indicating their potential as sources of bioactive compounds for UTI medication development.

Abstract
Medicinal plants possess antimicrobial properties that have been believed to be efficacious for treating various diseases. However, antimicrobial-based medicinal plants remain an untapped source of potential pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial properties of ethanolic extracts derived from several medicinal plants endemic to Maluku, Indonesia, specifically …

Rehabilitation Impact Of Vivifrail Exercise Program Type C On The Cognitive Function Of Pre-Frail Elderly People In The Community, Sri Soenarti, Dwi Indriani Lestari, Muhammad Barlian Nugroho, Harien Lestari

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Highlights:
1. This study emphasizes the importance of providing physical exercises to pre-frail elderly individuals, especially in a community setting.
2. This study establishes a foundation for future research to explore the relationship between physical exercise, particularly the Vivifrail Type C Protocol, and cognitive function in pre-frail elderly individuals.


Abstract
Frailty is a clinical syndrome that increases vulnerability, potentially leading to disability or death. The pre-frail phase is ideal for preventing frailty and improving quality-adjusted life years, particularly through physical exercises that reduce the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment. Multicomponent exercises, such as the Vivifrail Exercise Program, may enhance …

Cubic Spherical Neutrosophic Sets For Advanced Decision-Making, S Gomathi, M. Karpagadevi, S. Krishnaprakash, A. Revathy, Said Broumi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In the context of aggregation operators and multiple criteria decision-making, this article presents the idea of cubic spherical neutrosophic sets. The notion of neutrosophic informations are transform into a geometric sphere by determining its center and radius. This advanced geometrical representation extends traditional neutrosophic informations. This study defines and discusses weighted additive and weighted geometric aggregation operators tailored to cubic spherical neutrosophic sets that are vital for handling complex and uncertain information. Practical example, such as evaluating fertilizer brands for coconut farming, illustrate their application in decision-making contexts. By integrating cubic spherical neutrosophic sets into multiple criteria decision-making frameworks, decision …