Digital Commons Network^™

Fueling Identities: A Study Of Ethnic And Athletic Identities On Dietary Choices, Tally Chavez

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

This study examines the intersectionality of athletic and ethnic identities and their influence on food choices among college-aged active individuals. Using the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM), Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS), and Athlete Food Choice Questionnaire (AFCQ), this research explores how these identities impact nutritional attributes, usual eating practices, and performance-related food choices in a sample of 109 participants (58% female, mean age = 25.02 years) from diverse ethnic backgrounds. The hypothesis that a salient athletic identity combined with a salient ethnic identity would predict food choices prioritizing nutritional attributes was supported, suggesting that individuals with both identities salient …

Simulated Effects Of Postpartum Depression On Maternal-Infant Bonding: Mediated By Reward-Related Responses To Infant Facial Cuteness, Caitlin Harp

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Infant cuteness (facial cuteness in particular) is linked to evolutionary adaptations to motivate caretaking and protective behaviors (Kringelbach et al., 2008). Previous neuroimaging work has demonstrated that infant cuteness activates reward-related regions in the brain (Glocker et al., 2009) and behavioral work suggests that the reward value of cuteness is linked to maternal tendencies (Hahn et al., 2015). It is estimated that 15% of new mothers experience postpartum depression (PPD) (Wisner et al., 2013), which impacts the mesolimbic system and is linked to anhedonia (i.e., reduced ability to experience pleasure). Based on the above literature, this study used a simulated …

Assessing Community Perspectives To Inform Kelp Forest Restoration And Management: The Case Of Mendocino Coast, California, Jocelyn Enevoldsen

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

In coastal Mendocino County, California, a multi-year marine heatwave event kicked off a dramatic ecosystem transformation that led to a near-total loss of bull kelp forests. People who relied on the local kelp ecosystems were affected and facing decisions about how to respond to the kelp ecosystem transformation. Rigorous assessments that are inclusive of local perspectives, values, and preferences could inform efforts related to kelp forest ecosystem management, conservation, and restoration. My research focused on answering the following questions: (1) What are the ways that people are connected to kelp ecosystems on the Mendocino coast? (2) What are community members’ …

Interactions Between New Zealand Mud Snails (Potamopyrgus Antipodarum) And Toxic Cyanoabacteria (Anabaena) In Baduwa’T (Mad River), Humboldt County, California, Cecilia F. Kennelly

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Invasive species in freshwater systems are circulated around the globe, wreaking havoc on natural communities. The New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) is a very successful aquatic invader that has established populations in freshwater streams, lakes, and rivers around the globe. The goal of this project was to evaluate the interactions of invasive New Zealand mud snails (NZMS) and toxic cyanobacteria Anabaena in the Mad River in Humboldt County, California. These two species of concern are found in similar habitats along the river, but their whether NZMS consume Anabaena or affect toxin production is unknown. First, I conducted …

Barn Owls Exert Top-Down Effects On The Abundance And Behavior Of Rodent Pests, Katherine C. Larson

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Predators can exert top-down effects on their prey by direct consumption, by imposing risk of predation, or a combination of both. However, empirical evidence for these effects is mixed and inconsistent. Barn owls in agriculture present a system with attributes that should, according to theory, lead to strong top-down effects, but research is limited and the distinction between effects on prey abundance and behavior remains unresolved. Understanding the top-down effect of predators on pests is a cornerstone of integrated pest management and important where barn owls may contribute to the control of rodents on farms. Vegetation can mediate the top-down …

Effects Of Glutamine And Omega-3 Fatty Acids On Intestinal Neomucosa Formation On Colon Serosa In Rats, Mehmet Köstek, Uygar Demi̇r, Ramazan Uçak, Burak Yasin Avci, Aydın Ünal, Osman Bilgin Gülçi̇çek, Ozan Çalişkan, Bülent Çi̇tgez, Erdinç Seri̇n, Sıtkı Gürkan Yetki̇n, Mehmet Mi̇hmanli, Mehmet Uludağ

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Intestinal neomucosa formation is a technique defined for the treatment of short bowel syndrome. This study evaluates the effect of glutamine and omega-3 fatty acids on the growth of intestinal neomucosa on the colonic serosal surface has been evaluated.Materials and methods: Thirty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham, control, glutamine, and omega-3. Laparotomy was performed on all groups. For rats other than the sham group, a 1-cm full-thickness incision was made 4 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve, and colonic serosal surface was sutured as a serosal patch over these openings. By using the oral …

Effect Of Humic Acid On Oxidative Stress And Neuroprotection In Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: An Experimental Study, Burak Kinali, Nail Özdemi̇r, Ali Karadağ, Özge Kaya Korkmaz, Ayşe Gülden Di̇ni̇z, Fatma Demet Arslan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is an important health problem, especially in developing countries withadditional socioeconomic loss. Humic acid (HA) usually has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, blood circulating, and antiviral effects.Hence, it was aimed herein to show the effect of HA on neuroprotection in a TSCI model.Materials and method: A TSCI model was used, in which 24 Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups: control group: subjectedto only laminectomy; sham group: subjected to laminectomy + TSCI; HA 5 mg/kg group: subjected to laminectomy + TSCI +intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 5 mg/kg of HA; and HA 10 mg/kg group: subjected to laminectomy …

Determination Of The Embryotoxic Effects Of Propofol Injected Into Eggs On The Cerebellum And Spinal Cord Using Histologic Methods: An Animal Study, Murat İzgi̇, Emrah Sur

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

This study aims to determine the possible embryotoxic effects of propofol on the cerebellum and spinal cord using fertile chicken eggs. Materials and methods: A total of 430 fertile eggs were divided into 5 groups: control, saline, 2.5 mg.kg–1, 12.5 mg.kg–1, and 37.5 mg.kg–1 propofol. Injections were made immediately before incubation via the air chamber. On the 15th, 18th, and 21st day of incubation, 6 embryos from each group were evaluated. Serial paraffin sections taken from the cerebellum and spinal cord were stained with hematoxylin–eosin, Kluver–Barrera, toluidine blue, and periodic acid-Schiff ’s reaction. The outer granular layer and total cortex …

The Potential Mechanism Of Treating Ic/Bps With Hyperbaric Oxygen By Reducing Vascular Endothelial Growth Inhibitor And Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1Α, Jing Zhang, Jiarui Kang, Liyang Wu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the roles of vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the treatment of refractory interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO).Materials and methods: A total of 38 patients were included. They were assessed before and 6 months after HBO treatment. Three- day voiding diaries were recorded, and O’leary-Sant scores, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, quality of life (QoL) scores, pelvic pain, and urgency/frequency (PUF) scores were evaluated. Bladder capacity was assessed by cystoscopy. Bladder mucosa was collected for Western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence staining to compare the expression of VEGI and HIF-1α before …

A Retrospective Study On The Clinical And Molecular Outcomes Of Calpainopathy In A Turkish Patient Cohort, İzem Olcay Şahi̇n, Emine Karataş, Mikail Demi̇r, Büşra Tan, Hüseyin Per, Yusuf Özkul, Munis Dündar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Calpainopathy, also known as limb-girdle muscular dystrophy recessive type 1, is a progressive muscle disorder that impacts the muscles around the hips and shoulders. The disease is caused by defects in the CAPN3 gene and can be inherited in both recessive and dominant forms. In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and molecular results of our patients with calpainopathy and to examine the CAPN3 variants in Turkish and global populations.Materials and methods: Molecular analyses were performed using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. CAPN3 variants were identified through the examination of various databases.Results: In this retrospective study, the …

Acute Responses Of Strength-Related Gene Expressions To Maximum Strength And Force Sense Acuity, Muammer Altun, Erdal Balcan, Sevinç Batir, Mehmet Hilmi Gökmen, Şule Özgüneş, Zübeyde Öztel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Although high muscle strength worsens the sense of force, it is unknown whether there is a relationship betweenthis deterioration and the underlying molecular mechanisms. This study examined the relationship between decreased force sense (FS)acuity and strength-related gene expressions.Materials and methods: Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and FS (50% MVIC) tests were performed on the kneejoints of twenty-two subjects. The expression analyses were evaluated by qRT-PCR in blood samples taken before, after MVIC, after 50%MVIC, and 15 min after the test.Results: MVIC and FS error values were significantly correlated with each other (r = .659, p = .001). The qRT-PCR analyses …

The Effect Of Video-Assisted Training On Upper Extremity Problems And Functions After Rotator Cuff Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Canan Kanat, Gülay Altun Uğraş, Recep Ünal, Servet Can Dönmez, Bahar Taşdelen, Fehmi Volkan Öztuna

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body, and is frequently exposed to injuries. The applied surgical treatments, protection of the shoulder after surgery, care in the use of the shoulder in activities of daily living (ADLs) and gradual exercise programs are all vital to the recovery process. The present study investigates the effect of video-assisted training (VAT) on upper extremity complications and functions after rotator cuff repair (RCR).Materials and method: Included in this prospective, parallel two-armed, randomized controlled study were an experimental group (n: 24) that received VAT detailing early postoperative care for RCR and instructions on …

Predictive Values Of Mallampati Score, Tonsillar Size, And Bmi Z-Score In The Presence And Severity Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Pediatric Population, Ayşe Kaçar Bayram, Ahu Paketçi̇, Melek Nur Şahbaz, Sevde Daşdelen, Serkan Bilge Koca

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder in children. Determination of riskfactors for the development of OSA is essential for early diagnosis and treatment of the disease and decreases the risk of negativeconsequences. This study aimed to investigate the predictive values of Mallampati score, tonsillar size, and BMI z-score in the presenceand severity of OSA in children.Materials and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 114 children with OSA symptoms. All children were assessedby BMI z-score, Mallampati score, and tonsillar size and underwent overnight polysomnography. They were consecutively selected andassigned to 4 groups as follows: Group 1 included …

Determining The Effects Of Different Bypass Fat Supplementation On Performance, Milkyield, And Milk Composition Of Anatolian Buffaloes, Sezer Öz, Seher Küçükersan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to explore the effects of animal bypass fat (ABF) and palm bypass fat (PBF) added to the rations of Anatolianbuffaloes on dry matter consumption, feed conversion ratio, milk yield, some milk components, and parameters. A total of 21 heads ofbuffalo in the early lactation period; milk yield averages, lactation periods, lactation numbers, live weights, and ages were selected anddivided into three experimental groups, each consisting of 7 buffaloes. The experiment was conducted according to the crossover trialpattern. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of dry matter consumption and feed conversionratio (p > 0.05). …

Comparison Of Nonlinear Models For Predicting Live Weight Growth Curves In Lambproduction Of Kıvırcık And Karacabey Merino, Vasfi̇ye Kader Esen, Orhan Karadağ, Cengi̇z Elmaci, Seli̇m Esen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

To achieve sustainable lamb production, it is crucial to determine the optimal slaughter age for maximum economic efficiencyand have a comprehensive understanding of breed characteristics. This study focuses on evaluating different nonlinear models todetermine the optimal slaughter age for Karacabey Merino and Kıvırcık lambs, renowned for their early development and superiormeat quality, respectively. The dataset comprised age-related live weight data from 98 lambs, including 36 female and 15 male Kıvırcıklambs, as well as 33 female and 14 male Karacabey Merino lambs. Six models, namely, negative exponential, Brody, Gompertz, logistic,Bertalanffy, and Richards were utilized to analyze the data. The model parameters …

Determination Of Yield Nutrient Contents And In Vitro Digestibility Of Some Triticale Varieties Harvested At Different Maturity Stages, Şevket Evci̇, Kami̇l Kara, Mehmet Demi̇rci̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of growth performance, nutrient content and digestibility of different triticale varieties to ruminant diets and to indirectly assist farmers in feed production. The experiment utilized 5 triticale varieties. The study was designed as a randomized complete block design with split plots and 3 replications. The digestibility values were determined in vitro after 48 hours of incubation using the Daisy Ankom® digester. Rumen liquid was obtained from dairy cows slaughtered at the 'Yeşil Vadi Et Entegre' facility. Nutrient values, in vitro dry matter digestibility, and yield traits of forages were determined. …

Association Of Gait Speed And Handgrip Strength With Falls In Older Adults: The Role Of Cognition, Nesli̇han Kayahan Satiş, Sultan Keski̇n Demi̇rcan, Mehmet İlki̇n Naharci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Fall risk assessment is crucial for older adults because falls are associated with morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the relationship of gait speed (GS) and handgrip strength (HGS) with falls and assessed whether cognition mediates this causality.Materials and methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary referral geriatric outpatient clinic. The physical performance of participants was evaluated by GS and HGS. All falls the previous year were noted and factors associated with falls were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis.Results: A total of 1,018 older adults, with a mean age of 78.8 years (±7.2), of whom 64.2% were female, …

Expression Of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (Gdf-15) In Placental Tissue Of Full- Term Pregnant Women With Hypertensive Disorders In A Western Australian Population, Elsa H. L. Chew

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Women who experience hypertensive pregnancy disorders (HPDs) during pregnancy, mainly pre-eclampsia (PE), are four times more likely to develop hypertension after pregnancy and therefore have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the future. Pregnancy involves a high level of cardiovascular stress and the development of some complications. This has the potential to increase a woman’s susceptibility to vascular or metabolic disease risk in the future. In this research, pre-eclampsia (PE) and pregnancyinduced hypertension (PIH) were representatives of HPDs and were analysed together for the expression of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) relative to their healthy agematched controls.

GDF-15 …

The Food And Habitat Effects Of Detrital Kelp As A Trophic Subsidy To Seagrass-Inhabiting Mesograzers, Jessica Billinghurst

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Seascapes are connected through the transfer of energy from the movement of fauna, detritus, and nutrients among habitats. This exchange of resources can influence food web dynamics in the recipient system, increasing productivity and biodiversity, thus creating spatial subsidies. Spatial subsidies are usually characterised by the transfer of resources from highly productive donor systems to lower productive recipient systems. However, recent work suggests that recipient systems with comparably high productivity, such as seagrass meadows, may benefit from spatial subsidies. Kelp is regularly eroded from reefs and provides a vector for nutrient and detrital transfer to seagrass meadows, where it can …

Exploring Treatment Burden In People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm) In Primary Care Settings, Kai Lin

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Introduction

Treatment burden is the perceived workload of care by individuals. The treatment burden experienced by individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major obstacle to achieving effective healthcare outcomes. The aim of this research is to facilitate better management of treatment burden in people with T2DM in primary care settings.

Methods

A systematic review, encompassing narrative analysis was used to characterise the treatment burden of T2DM and critical appraisal was used to identify the appropriate patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for measuring this burden. The selected instruments were employed with subsequent questionnaires, followed by patient focus groups. A …

Western Australian Mothers' Experiences Of Breastfeeding Support In Hospital After Birth: A Mixed Methods Study, Justine Van Der Watt

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Background: The benefits of breastfeeding are well established for infants, mothers and the community, with the World Health Organisation recommending that infants be exclusively breastfed up to six months of age with an achievable goal of 70% globally. Yet in Australia only 15-37% may be reaching that goal. There have also been reported benefits and desires for mothers to be supported with their breastfeeding in order to increase and prolong breastfeeding duration and exclusivity, especially early after birth. However, there is limited research or literature exploring what experiences mothers are having with breastfeeding support, especially during their hospital admissions in …

Best Practice Recommendations For Coaching Gymnasts To Avoid Burnout And Reframe Performance Anxiety, Clare A. Mccall

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Gymnastics is deemed a psychologically demanding sport, with associated risk factors of burnout and performance anxiety. To date, relatively little research has explored the specific goal and perfectionistic processes of gymnasts, despite these risks. This body of work identified the specific goal-related constructs and perfectionistic orientation of young athletes and examined how these associated with burnout and performance anxiety. It comprised of two studies with a mixed methods design. The first study aimed to systematically review literature investigating how goal-related constructs and perfectionism associate with burnout and performance anxiety in young athletes. This review focused on summer and winter Olympic …

Funding Futurist Ideas, David Nows

Nebraska Law Review

Financial investors traditionally prize entrepreneurial ideas that have the potential to capture a large customer base and generate significant revenue quickly. However, entrepreneurial ideas that have the potential to be world-changing but without substantial and quick revenue potential have difficulty raising the capital they need to launch. This leaves solutions to global problems like climate change, misinformation, poverty, and hunger underfunded compared to technology companies that cater to wealthy audiences.

Borrowing from the templates created by the United States through its Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs, as well as global programs run through …

Low Energy Availability, Disordered Eating, Exercise Dependence, Injury Prevalence, And Fueling Habits In Female Crossfit® Participants, Alyssum Reno-Smith

Dissertations

Disordered eating (DE) is primarily observed in endurance athletes and sports with aesthetics emphases. The prevalence of DE in resistance trained individuals, particularly CrossFit^®, is not well understood. CrossFit® promotes a culture encouraging strong, athletic, or muscular bodies, and both CrossFit® and endurance athletes aim to achieve a low body fat percentage to improve performance. This may lead to body dissatisfaction, exercise dependence (EXD), and/or DE behaviors, which may contribute to Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs). This cross-sectional study investigated DE prevalence and relationship with EXD risk, body dissatisfaction, and fueling habits in female CrossFit® only (CO) …

Insights On The Microbiology Of Ethiopian Fermented Milkproducts: A Review, Tiruha H. Karssa, Jamal B. Kussaga, Teresa Semedo-Lemsaddek, Jovin K. Mugula

All Grantees Publications

Fermented milk products play a vital role in the diets of Ethiopians. They are producedfrom either spontaneous fermentation or back- slopping methods at the householdlevel, in which lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts predominate. As a result, the pro-cessing steps are not standardized and overall safety is still of public health relevance.Therefore, quality and safety improvement, standardization of traditional manufac-turing practices, and commercialization of products to a wider market are important.Hence, this systematic review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of themicrobiology of traditional Ethiopian fermented milk products, including ergo (spon-taneously fermented whole milk), dhanaan (fermented camel milk), ititu (concentratedsour …

Barriers To Ensuring And Sustaining Street Food Safety In A Developing Economy, Abigail Ampomah Adaku, Irene Susana Egyir, Cynthia Gadegbeku, Angela Parry-Hanson Kunadu Kunadu, Vincent Amanor-Boadu, Amos Kankponang Laar

All Grantees Publications

Street foods are one of the highest contributors to foodborne illness in most developing economies around the world. In Ghana, diarrhoeal diseases, which are usually food or waterborne, are among the top ten causes of death. Most street food safety risks are avoidable when all food safety regulations are complied with. This paper identified and examined the barriers to the implementation of street food safety regulations in Ghana. A qualitative research approach was adopted by collecting data from nine focus group discussion sessions involving a total of 94 participants and five key informant interviews. The research uncovered three broad but …

System Design For A Prototype Acoustic Network To Deter Avian Pests In Agriculture Fields, Destiny Kwabla Amenyedzi, Micheline Kazeneza, Ipyana Issah Mwaisekwa, Frederic Nzanywayingoma, Philibert Nsengiyumva, Peace Bamurigire, Emmanuel Ndashimye, Anthony Vodacek

All Grantees Publications

Crop damage attributed to pest birds is an important problem, particularly in low-income countries. This paper describes a prototype system for pest bird detection using a Conv1D neural network model followed by scaring actions to reduce the presence of pest birds on farms. Acoustic recorders were deployed on farms for data collection, supplemented by acoustic libraries. The sounds of pest bird species were identified and labeled. The labeled data were used in Edge Impulse to train a tinyML Conv1D model to detect birds of interest. The model was deployed on Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense (nodes) and XIAO (Base station) …

Insect Frass Fertilizer As A Regenerative Input For Improved Biological Nitrogen Fixation And Sustainable Bush Bean Production, Agnes Chepkorir, Dennis Beesigamukama, Harun I. Gitari, Shaphan Y. Chia, Sevgan Subramanian, Sunday Ekesi, Birachi Eliud Abucheli, Jean Claude Rubyogo, Theodore Zahariadis, Gina Athanasiou, Aikaterini Zachariadi, Vasileios Zachariadis, Abdou Tenkouano, Chrysantus M. Tanga

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production is undermined by soil degradation and low biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) capacity. This study evaluated the effect of black soldier fly frass fertilizer (BSFFF) on bush bean growth, yield, nutrient uptake, BNF, and profitability, in comparison with commercial organic fertilizer (Phymyx, Phytomedia International Ltd., Kiambu, Kenya), synthetic fertilizer (NPK), and rhizobia inoculant (Biofix, MEA Fertilizers, Nairobi, Kenya). The organic fertilizers were applied at rates of 0, 15, 30, and 45 kg N ha−1 while the NPK was applied at 40 kg N ha−1, 46 kg P ha−1, and 60 kg K ha−1. The fertilizers …

Comparative Microbiome Diversity In Root-Nodules Of Three Desmodium Species Used In Push-Pull Cropping System, Isack H. Adan, George Ochieng Asudi, Saliou Niassy, Abdul A. Jalloh, Johnstone Mutiso Mutua, Frank Chidawanyika, Fathiya Khamis, Zeyaur Khan, Sevgan Subramanian, Thomas Dubois, Daniel Munyao Mutyambai

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Desmodium species used as intercrops in push-pull cropping systems are known to repel insect-pests, suppress Striga species weeds, and shift soil microbiome. However, the mechanisms through which Desmodium species impact the soil microbiome, either through its root exudates, changes in soil nutrition, or shading microbes from its nodules into the rhizosphere, are less understood. Here, we investigated the diversity of root-nodule microbial communities of three Desmodium species- Desmodium uncinatum (SLD), Desmodium intortum (GLD), and Desmodium incanum (AID) which are currently used in smallholder maize push-pull technology (PPT). Methods: Desmodium species root-nodule samples were collected from selected smallholder farms in …

Chitin-Enriched Insect Frass Fertilizer As A Biorational Alternative For Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Incognita) Management, James Kisaakye, Dennis Beesigamukama, Solveig Haukeland, Sevgan Subramanian, Paul K. Thiongo, Segenet Kelemu, Chrysantus M. Tanga

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are serious pests of most food crops, causing up to 100% yield loss. Nevertheless, commercial nematicides are costly and harmful to the environment. While the nematicidal potential of crustacean and synthetic chitin has been demonstrated globally, research on the potential of insect-derived chitin for nematode control has received limited attention. Here, seven chitin-fortified black soldier fly frass fertilizer extracts (chFE) were assessed for their suppressiveness of Meloidogyne incognita and impacts on spinach growth in comparison with a commercial nematicide using in vitro and in vivo bioassays. The performance of chFE and control treatments was assessed by …