Digital Commons Network^™

Investigating Gender Bias In Large Language Models Through Text Generation, Shweta Soundararajan, Sarah Jane Delany

Conference papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) have swiftly become essential tools across diverse text generation applications. However, LLMs also raise significant ethical and societal concerns, particularly regarding potential gender biases in the text they produce. This study investigates the presence of gender bias in four LLMs: ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4, Llama 2 7B, and Llama 2 13B. By generating a gendered language dataset using these LLMs, focusing on sentences about men and women, we analyze the extent of gender bias in their outputs. Our evaluation is two-fold: we use the generated dataset to train a gender stereotype detection task and measure gender …

Corticosteroid Burst Therapy In Patients With Acute Heart Failure: Design Of The Cortahf Pilot Study, Gad Cotter, Douglas L Mann, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS: Inflammation has emerged as a potential key pathophysiological mechanism in heart failure (HF) in general and acute HF (AHF) specifically, with inflammatory biomarkers shown to be highly predictive of adverse outcomes in these patients. The CORTAHF study builds on both these data and the fact that steroid burst therapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases and COVID-19. Our hypothesis is that in patients with AHF and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels without symptoms or signs of infection, a 7-day course of steroid therapy will lead to reduced inflammation and short-term improvement in quality …

The Origins Of The Major Questions Doctrine, Rachel Rothschild

Articles

In a series of recent cases, the Supreme Court has invoked the newly named “major questions doctrine” to strike down agency regulations that protect public health and the environment. Several Justices have argued that while the name “major questions” may be new, these decisions are simply the latest iteration in a longstanding effort of the courts to curtail the explosive growth of the administrative state since 1970. The first paradigmatic example of this line of cases is the 1980 “Benzene” case, in which the Supreme Court set aside the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)’s new workplace standards for the …

Pagbabalik-Tanaw Sa Maagang Malay Ni Jose Rizal Sa Kakanyahang Malay At Pagsipat Sa Kinahinatnang Pananangkapan At Retorikang Politikal Dito Noong Dantaon 20, Axle Christien J. Tugano

Journal Article

Batay sa isinusulong na mandato ng General Education (GE) Courses Program ng University of the Philippines (UP), kinakailangang maisingkaw sa pag-aaral at/o pagtuturo ng PI 10 (Philippine Institutions: The Life, Works, and Writings of Jose Rizal) ang panlipunang saysay (social utility) ni Jose Rizal tungo sa pagiging makatao at makabayan ng mga Pilipino. Kaakibat ng preskripsiyong ito ang integratibong paghuhugpong sa kaniyang kaisipan sa iba’t ibang disiplina at paksa. Layunin ng pag-aaral na ito ang integratibong pagsasalok sa katuturan ni Rizal sa iba pang kurso ng kasaysayan katulad ng HIST 1 (Philippine History) o KAS 1 (Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas) bilang …

Facilitative Fair Use, Michael Mattioli

Denver Law Review

Recent generative artificial intelligence (AI) copyright lawsuits have ignited a crucial debate about the future of intellectual property. The technology involved is complex, but the essential conflict is simple: creators are trying to stop machines that are capable of imitating them from doing just that. These are familiar battle lines. From the loom to the first camera, inventions have long triggered anxieties about technology’s potential to displace artistry. Much of the commentary today focuses on AI’s potential to mimic creators, echoing these earlier concerns. However, this framing misses a key insight: AI is a powerful tool for widely facilitating the …

Vol. 102, No. 1: Full Issue, Denver Law Review

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.

Green Utopias: A Possible Green Ground For Performing Arts Training, Renee Newman, Alexa Taylor, Luke Cowling, Jason Garbenis, Tom Heath, Fleur Kingsland, Vahri Mckenzie, Jeremy Neideck, Richard Reddrop, Simon Stewart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

No abstract provided.

Leveraging Gpt-4 For Identifying Cancer Phenotypes In Electronic Health Records: A Performance Comparison Between Gpt-4, Gpt-3.5-Turbo, Flan-T5, Llama-3-8b, And Spacy's Rule-Based And Machine Learning-Based Methods, Kriti Bhattarai, Inez Y Oh, Jonathan Moran Sierra, Jonathan Tang, Philip R O Payne, Zach Abrams, Albert M Lai

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Accurately identifying clinical phenotypes from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) provides additional insights into patients' health, especially when such information is unavailable in structured data. This study evaluates the application of OpenAI's Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-4 model to identify clinical phenotypes from EHR text in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The goal was to identify disease stages, treatments and progression utilizing GPT-4, and compare its performance against GPT-3.5-turbo, Flan-T5-xl, Flan-T5-xxl, Llama-3-8B, and 2 rule-based and machine learning-based methods, namely, scispaCy and medspaCy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Phenotypes such as initial cancer stage, initial treatment, evidence of cancer recurrence, and affected …

An Agent-Based Approach For Designing A Sustainable Supplier Selection In Stochastic Environment: A Simulation Study, Sheida Etemadidavan

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

In the 21st century, businesses are constantly striving for competitive advancement and increasing their economic performance in the rapidly changing market. Collaboration with other businesses and partnerships with them are becoming more common. As such, businesses are starting to invest in finding the right partners to stay competitive in an ever-changing business landscape. Suppliers play a crucial role in businesses' decision-making as they provide the materials, goods, and services necessary for a company to operate and succeed. Therefore, their selection, management, and relationship must be carefully considered to ensure optimal performance and profitability. A sustainable framework in a business's relationship …

Introduction To The Special Topics Issue On Rural Multilingual Education, Maria Coady, Diego Román

The Rural Educator

No abstract provided.

Multilingual Educators In Superdiverse Rural Schools: Placing Administrators And Teachers’ Cultural And Linguistic Wealth At The Center Of Rural Education, Carla Paciotto, Gloria A. Delany-Barmann

The Rural Educator

Centered on reconceptualizations of “rural” and “rurality” that reimagine and transcend the “traditional imaginaries” of rural educational settings as places of disadvantage and isolation, this article presents the partial results of a mixed methods study funded by the Spencer Foundation about expanded and pivotal roles played by rural multilingual (ML) teachers, paraprofessionals, and administrators in two rural school districts located in U.S. Midwest COVID-19 hotspots. The pandemic made the historical struggles and inequities that ML students face in U.S. schools glaringly evident, as ML families experienced a disproportionately negative impact of the virus on their health and financial stability and …

“I Want To Give Back": Examining The Mestiza Consciousness Of Multilingual Rural Latinx Students From California’S San Joaquin Valley, Mayra Puente

The Rural Educator

In 2016, California residents widely supported the passage of Proposition 58, which allowed non-English languages to be used in public education. This proposition was intended to benefit all students, especially the state’s large Latinx K–12 student population, who tend to speak Spanish and English at home and in school. Yet educational resources to support multilingual students in the state’s rural areas are scarce, and students consequently experience “English-only” learning spaces despite progressive educational policy. This article examines the educational experiences of multilingual rural Latinx students from California’s San Joaquin Valley agricultural region using Chicana/Latina feminist pláticas methodology. Drawing on Anzaldúa’s …

Escuchemos Las Voces Bilingües De Nuestros Educadores Rurales: Who And What Matters For The Education Of Secondary English Learners In A Rural Florida School Community, Nidza V. Marichal

The Rural Educator

Guided by constructive epistemology and grounded in Greenwood’s place-conscious education theory and critical race theory in education, (CRT), this narrative-informed qualitative study critically examines how the lived experiences of three bilingual educators shape their work with English Learners (ELs or multilingual learners, MLs) in a Florida rural school community. Primary data consist of videorecorded interviews and photo elicitation that illuminated teachers’ told life narratives. Findings from this study demonstrate that the voices of the bilingual teachers matter for improving EL education in this rural community. The teachers’ reflections about their “ontological-becoming,” their engagement with the rural school community, and the …

Rural Undergraduate Students’ Narratives Of English Language Learning Within Multilingual Classroom Contexts: A Namibian Perspective, Annaly M. Strauss, Joanne M. Marshall

The Rural Educator

This article presents findings on how preservice teachers navigate teaching and learning in a multilingual rural environment as English learners (ELs) during their teacher preparation program. The study used a qualitative research design to collect and analyze data. The conceptual framework of the study was based on culturally responsive pedagogy and place-based education theory. In this study, preservice teachers from multilingual rural backgrounds who wished to teach in multilingual rural settings illustrated their coping strategies for rural realities and how the rural context affected their commitment to their studies. The findings revealed preservice teachers’ narratives under the categories of culturally …

Aspirational Mexican American Parenting In The Rural South: Multilingualism, Hard Work, And The Middle Class, Alma D. Stevenson, Scott Beck

The Rural Educator

This study examined the parenting choices of Mexican-heritage former child migrant farmworkers who are now financially stable and raising their own children in the rural South. The study yielded multiple significant findings using data collected during semi-structured, bilingual focus groups and analyzed through grounded theory coding. The participants spoke of painful childhood memories of how their poverty and biculturalism left them isolated. Now, as adults, they have sought middle-class belonging for themselves and their children. They described their “pedagogies of the home” as seeking to preserve their linguistic heritage, teach the value of hard work, and facilitate their children’s upward …

Genevic: Genetic Data Exploration And Visualization Via Intelligent Interactive Console, Anindita Nath, Savannah Mwesigwa, Yulin Dai, Xiaoqian Jiang, Zhongming Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The vast generation of genetic data poses a significant challenge in efficiently uncovering valuable knowledge. Introducing GENEVIC, an AI-driven chat framework that tackles this challenge by bridging the gap between genetic data generation and biomedical knowledge discovery. Leveraging generative AI, notably ChatGPT, it serves as a biologist’s “copilot.” It automates the analysis, retrieval, and visualization of customized domain-specific genetic information, and integrates functionalities to generate protein interaction networks, enrich gene sets, and search scientific literature from PubMed, Google Scholar, and arXiv, making it a comprehensive tool for biomedical research. In its pilot phase, GENEVIC is assessed using a curated database …

How Multilingual Writers Talk About, Write About, And Engage With Sources In First-Year Composition, Mary Ann Zehr

English Theses & Dissertations

This study makes a contribution to the rhetoric and composition field by documenting the research and writing processes of a diverse group of 15 multilingual writers in first-year composition (FYC) at a small private southeastern university. I collected and analyzed data from three assignments: 1) a video think-aloud capturing participants’ first online search for sources, 2) a two-page reflection on the use of sources in the first full draft of students’ research paper, and 3) their first full draft of the research paper. The study is the first to systematically examine how multilingual writers in FYC at a U.S. university …

Assessing Functional Abilities In A Memory Disorder Population: A Comparison Of Self-Report, Informant-Report, And Performance-Based Measures, Kevin Andrew Murray

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Accurate assessment of daily functioning is critical for deriving a correct diagnosis and facilitating effective patient care. While collateral reports from a reliable informant can elucidate patients’ functional capacities, they may be susceptible to misappraisals of functional status. Similarly, patients with limited insight may be prone to misjudging their functional abilities. Performance-based measures of adaptive functioning may detect subtle declines in daily functioning overlooked by self- and informant-report measures. However, these measures may be limited in terms of ecological validity. The current study investigated the association between a performance-based measure of daily functioning and patients’ and informants’ ratings of …

The Digital Battlefield: Extremists On Social Media, Daniel P. Shanks

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

The rise of social media has transformed the battleground for extremist groups like ISIS and the Taliban, enabling them to reach global audiences with unprecedented ease. This dissertation investigates the social media strategies employed by the Taliban and ISIS. These social media strategies are used to further their strategic objectives in propaganda, recruitment, and operational coordination. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study explores how these extremist groups adapt their digital tactics in response to evolving military and political landscapes. Utilizing case studies from key military engagements and applying theoretical frameworks of rational actor theory, social identity theory, and finite and …

Cultivating Self-Knowledge In The Writing Classroom: A Study Of Contemplative Pedagogy, Jared Featherstone

English Theses & Dissertations

This pedagogical research study examines the effects of Understanding the Self Through Writing and Rhetoric, an undergraduate course designed by the researcher, on students. The course is an example of contemplative writing pedagogy, one that seeks to foreground first-person direct experience of the subject matter and integrates mindfulness meditation and journaling throughout. While writing and rhetoric are common undergraduate subjects to teach, the course focuses on particular, lesser-known aspects of them, internal rhetoric and self-making narrative. A third important part of the course is the examination of how communication technologies, especially social media and messaging applications, affect one’s internal rhetoric …

Literacy Leadership: Power In The Discourse Of Learning, Melissa Guinn Crawley Twisdale

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Theses & Dissertations

The phenomenon of teacher learning, especially within literacy education pedagogy, has rarely been a topic of educational research. The nature of ongoing teacher learning is as challenging to study as student learning in that, learning in and of itself is not widely defined in the educational research literature. Equally challenging is the topic of literacy for which there are numerous and varying definitions, many of which carry political and controversial connotations (Aukerman & Schuldt, 2021). The term science of reading, for example, often carries an intensive focus on assessed reading proficiency as the primary goal of reading instruction, although the …

Coach To Teach: Effects Of Ecoaching On Special Education Teacher Implementation Of Discrete Trial Training, Olga Karadimou

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The growing shortage of special education teachers (SETs) and declining retention rates across numerous United States (U.S.) school districts pose a serious threat to the quality of education provided to students with disabilities. One of the ongoing challenges is the significant gap between evidence-based practices (EBPs) and their actual implementation in classrooms. Researchers emphasize the importance of providing high-quality professional development (PD) targeting the use of EBPs in the classroom, as doing so has been linked to SET retention (Berry & Gravelle, 2013; Berry et al., 2011; Hagaman & Casey, 2018; Reagan et al., 2019). This study aimed to experimentally …

Examining The Effects Of Video Camera Angles On Interpersonal Impressions, Rachel Valerie Ball

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The effect of different camera angles on the perceptions of the speaker formed over a virtual interaction, especially in the context of telehealth encounters, has not been systematically investigated. The present study explored how vertical and horizontal angles impact perceptions of a healthcare provider in a video encounter using a 2 (angle type: eye level vs. alternate angle) X 2 (video order: eye level presented first vs. alternate angle presented first) mixed design. Participants watched two different segments of an encounter where camera angle was examined within subjects and order of presentation was examined between subjects. It was hypothesized that …

Following The Wounded Women In Isabela, Kaisa R. Aquino

Akda: The Asian Journal of Literature, Culture, Performance

This article examines some elements in the crafting of my novel, Isabela (2024), particularly its novelistic formation, and its take on the emblematic figure of the wounded woman in war. I demonstrate what non-conventional stylistic and conceptual decisions give the story its syncretic mode of thought, as its trail shifts from city to barrio, one category of fiction to another, and one wounded woman to the next. I also argue that all these movements and turns are necessary in the novel’s project of representation, as it envisions to narrativize the ongoing historical moment that is the people’s struggle for liberation …

Healthy From The Start: Co-Designing Sleep, Nutrition And Physical Activity Resources For Young Shiftworkers—Novel Implementation And Evaluation, Alexandra E. Shriane, Sally A. Ferguson, Gabrielle Rigney, Charlotte C. Gupta, Tracy Kolbe-Alexander, Madeline Sprajcer, Cassie Hilditch, Robert Stanton, Matthew J.W. Thomas, Jessica L. Paterson, Jamie Marino, Grace E. Vincent

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of shiftwork among young adults poses significant health risks, primarily due to its disruptive effects on sleep, nutrition and physical activity. Addressing these risks necessitates the development of tailored, evidence-based resources to support these key health behaviours. Participatory research approaches, engaging those with relevant lived experience (i.e., co-design) are a novel and effective approach in developing these resources. As such, the aim of the present study was to explore whether sleep, nutrition and physical activity resources for young shiftworkers could be developed using participatory, co-design approaches and how co-designers would rate both the approaches used and …

Exploring The Radical Potential Of Queer Azn And Pasifika Crt For Clinical Social Work Praxis, Antonia R. G. Alvarez, Gita R. Mehrotra, Sameena Azhar, Anne S. J. Farina, Alma M. Ouanesisouk Trinidad

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the crisis in Palestine, and the continued rise in hate crimes against Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities, clinical social work praxis centering on the intersectional identities of queer and transgender AAPI communities has never been more vital. Through the visioning of an approach that addresses these intersecting identities and our own experiences with racism, cisheterosexism, and transphobia, we propose a theoretical framework, Queer AZN and Pasifika Critical Race Theory (CRT), for clinical social work praxis. Specifically, we describe six tenets of a Queer AZN and Pasifika CRT approach, which include (1) …

Event Planner Contractor Selection Based On Consistent Fuzzy Linguistic Preference Relations Method, Noratika Nordin, Daud Mohamad

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

Event planning, handled by the event planner, involves organizing and coordinating events. The growing number of event planning companies has created a competitive environment where all strive to be the top choice for event managers. Ranking event planners can be subjective, as it depends on specific event requirements. Therefore, it is a crucial stage in selecting the best event planner since many criteria need to be considered. This study aims to identify event planner contractors and rank the alternatives by applying Consistent Fuzzy Linguistic Preference Relations (CFLPR). CFLPR is chosen because it reduces the number of comparisons, streamlines the process, …

The Selection Of Preferred Textbook Based On The Dominance Method, Harliza Mohd Hanif, Daud Mohamad, Nor Hashimah Sulaiman, Siti Rahimah Batcha

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

Calculus is a mathematics subject normally taught at the tertiary level. Many calculus textbooks with different approaches and styles have been published to cater to the needs of students. The selection of calculus textbooks is essential as it can help teachers and students to optimize their usage. Textbook selection problem is one type of multiple-criteria decisionmaking problem where the selection is based on several criteria. Thus, ranking fuzzy numbers based on the area dominance method ranks the calculus textbook.

An Approach To Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Based On Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hesitant Fuzzy Aczel-Alsina Aggregation Operator, Raiha Imran, Kifayat Ullah, Zeeshan Ali, Maria Akram

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

A single-valued Neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set (SVNHFS) is a combination of a single-valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) and hesitant fuzzy set (HFS) that has been developed to address insufficient, unreliable, and vague environments in which each element has several possible options determined by the truthiness, indeterminacy and falsity value. By considering this, in this paper, we have proposed the Aczel-Alsina aggregation operator (AAAO) for SVNHFS, which is more flexible t-norm and t-conorm than the other and due to the flexible nature of parameters to solve Multi-Attribute decision making (MADM) problems. Further, the score function, accuracy function, and certainty function of SVNHFS …

Evaluation Of Renewable Energy Sources For A Sustainable Future: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach, Mai Mohamed, Asmaa Elsayed

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The urgent global challenges of climate change, energy security, and environmental degradation highlight the need for sustainable energy solutions. Renewable energy sources (RES) present a viable pathway towards sustainability by mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, reducing reliance on fossil fuels, and fostering economic resilience. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose an advanced Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach to evaluate various RES by integrating environmental, economic, technological, social acceptance, and resource availability criteria, to identify the most suitable RES for sustainable energy solutions. Methodology: The study employs a hybrid method combining Type-2 Neutrosophic Numbers (T2NN) with LOPCOW (Logarithmic Percentage Change …