Digital Commons Network^™

Drug Preparation, Injection-Related Infections, And Harm Reduction Practices Among A National Sample Of Individuals Entering Treatment For Opioid Use Disorder, Laura R Marks, Michael J Durkin, Kelly Ayres, Matthew Ellis

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The rise in injection drug use in the USA has led to an increase in injection site infections. We performed a national survey of people who use drugs to evaluate common drug use preparation, harm reduction practices, and experiences with injection site infections.

METHODS: A survey was disseminated to members of the Survey of Key Informants' Patients Program from 2021 to 2022 and distributed to patients 18 years or older newly entering one of 68 substance use disorder treatment programs across the USA with a primary diagnosis of an opioid use disorder. Participants were surveyed about practices when preparing …

The Hiv/Aids Epidemic In Miami: Perspectives Of Stakeholders And Frontline Providers, Tracy Pugh, Carrigan L. Parish, Pedro C. Castellon, Allan Rodriguez, Michael A. Kolber, Lisa R. Metsch

Florida Public Health Review

Background: Miami, Florida persists as an epicenter of HIV/AIDS nationally and has been more delayed than other areas with high HIV burden in implementing public health measures that mitigate transmission risk. These issues among other social and structural-level determinants have complicated progress in addressing HIV/AIDS in Miami.

Purpose: The stagnated progress in improving HIV outcomes in Miami necessitated a more comprehensive understanding of the experiences and insights of stakeholders within the system. We used a stakeholder analysis approach to understand the complexity of driving factors and key challenges facing this HIV epidemic.

Methods: A stakeholder analysis was conducted …

Syphilis Complicating Pregnancy And Congenital Syphilis, Irene A Stafford, Kimberly A Workowski, Laura H Bachmann

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Agri-Food Supply Chain Resilience Strategies For Preparing, Responding, Recovering, And Adapting In Relation To Unexpected Crisis: A Cross-Country Comparative Analysis From The Covid-19 Pandemic, Guoqing Zhao, Mar Vazquez-Noguerol, Shaofeng Liu, J. Carlos Prado-Prado

Plymouth Business School

Researchers and practitioners insist on equipping supply chains with the adaptive capability to return to a more desirable state after being disrupted. Various resilience capabilities have been emphasized in the literature; however, limited research has linked them to resilience phases and cultural value orientations. Moreover, preparedness and adaption phases have hardly been studied. To address these gaps, we adopted middle-range theory to investigate agri-food supply chain (AFSC) resilience to the COVID-19 crisis in a cross-country setting. Data were collected from interviews with AFSC practitioners from China and Spain, followed by thematic and comparative analyses. The results indicate that frequently discussed …

Conserved Chromatin And Repetitive Patterns Reveal Slow Genome Evolution In Frogs, Jessen V. Bredeson, Austin B. Mudd, Sofia Medina-Ruiz, Therese Mitros, Owen Kabnick Smith, Kelly E. Miller, Jessica B. Lyons, Sanjit S. Batra, Joseph Park, Kodiak C. Berkoff, Christopher Plott, Jane Grimwood, Jeremy Schmutz, Guadalupe Aguirre-Figueroa, Mustafa K. Khokha, Maura Lane, Isabelle Philipp, Mara Laslo, James Hanken, Gwenneg Kerdivel, Nicolas Buisine

Pacific Faculty Work

Frogs are an ecologically diverse and phylogenetically ancient group of anuran amphibians that include important vertebrate cell and developmental model systems, notably the genus Xenopus. Here we report a high-quality reference genome sequence for the western clawed frog, Xenopus tropicalis, along with draft chromosome-scale sequences of three distantly related emerging model frog species, Eleutherodactylus coqui, Engystomops pustulosus, and Hymenochirus boettgeri. Frog chromosomes have remained remarkably stable since the Mesozoic Era, with limited Robertsonian (i.e., arm-preserving) translocations and end-to-end fusions found among the smaller chromosomes. Conservation of synteny includes conservation of centromere locations, marked by centromeric tandem repeats associated with Cenp-a …

Self-Efficacy Of Urban African Americans In Response To Covid-19 Health Information, Katrina Volbrecht

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Three Rapid Diagnostic Tests For Bloodstream Infections Using Benefit-Risk Evaluation Framework (Bed-Frame), Richard D Smith, Min Zhan, Shanshan Zhang, Surbhi Leekha, Anthony Harris, Yohei Doi, Scott Evans, J Kristie Johnson, Robert K Ernst

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for bloodstream infections have the potential to reduce time to appropriate antimicrobial therapy and improve patient outcomes. Previously, an in-house, lipid-based, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method, Fast Lipid Analysis Technique (FLAT MS), has shown promise as a rapid pathogen identification method. In this study, FLAT MS for direct from blood culture identification was evaluated and compared to FDA-cleared identification methods using the Benefit-risk Evaluation Framework (BED-FRAME) analysis. FLAT MS was evaluated and compared to Bruker Sepsityper and bioMérieux BioFire FilmArray BCID2 using results from a previous study. For this study, 301 …

Mycotic Aneurysms In Fungal Meningitis: The Management In A Case Of Fusarium Solani Meningitis, Ruayda Bouls, Duc Khiem Ngo, Jose E. Campo Maldonado

Research Symposium

Introduction:

We present a 31 y.o previously healthy woman who developed Fusarium solani fungal meningitis after undergoing cosmetic surgeries in Mexico. Fungal meningitis and particularly F. solani meningitis is very rare, and little is known about the extent and frequency of neurovascular complications in patients with this condition. To our knowledge, previous reports of fungal meningitis don’t recognize or emphasize enough the importance and extension of neurovascular complications noticed in our patient.

Case Presentation: A 31-year-old female presented with severe headaches and intermittent fever, two weeks after receiving epidural anesthesia during cosmetic surgery near the Texas-Mexico border. Lab results showed …

Unmasking The Chameleon: A Rare Case Of Generalized Bullous Fixed Drug Eruption, Christopher Reid-Gordon, Aishwarya Gatiganti, Jose E. Campo Maldonado

Research Symposium

Background: Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a unique dermatological drug reaction known for its recurrence in identical locations upon re-exposure to the causal drug. Acute FDE typically manifests a single or a small number of dusky red or violaceous plaques that, once resolved, leave post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

The case we present involves a patient with maculopapular bullous rash on his back, chest, and extremities. The rash was initially misdiagnosed as Chickenpox, yet a skin biopsy indicated Bullous Drug Eruption as a more likely diagnosis. This case is novel as the patient’s medical history did not reveal any previous intake of drugs …

The Impact Of Individual Techno-Characteristics On Information Privacy Concerns In The Diffusion Of Mobile Contact Tracing, Jiesen Lin, Dapeng Liu, Lemuria Carter

KSU Proceedings on Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

In the wake of the global health crisis, mobile contact tracing applications have emerged as important tools in managing disease spread. However, their effectiveness heavily relies on mass adoption, significantly influenced by the public's information privacy concerns. To date, systematic examination of how these privacy concerns relate to the innovation adopter categories in mobile contact tracing remains sparse. Furthermore, the influence of individual techno-characteristics on these concerns is to be explored. This research seeks to fill these gaps. Drawing on the diffusion of innovation theory, we examine the impact of the key techno-characteristics—adopter category, propensity for identification misrepresentation, and exposure …

E-Ethics, 2001 October, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: Issue of "e-Ethics", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has a discussion around the ethicality of pharmaceutical companies and their relationships with physicians.

E-Ethics, 2000 November, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: Issue of "e-Ethics", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has a case study and discussion about decision making capacity.

Programs Agenda 1-26-24, Angela Brock

Programs Committee (PC)

No abstract provided.

The Prospector, January 16, 2024, Utep Student Publications

The Prospector

No abstract provided.

The Respiratory Enzyme Complex Rnf Is Vital For Metabolic Adaptation And Virulence In Fusobacterium Nucleatum, Timmie A Britton, Chenggang Wu, Yi-Wei Chen, Dana Franklin, Yimin Chen, Martha I Camacho, Truc T Luong, Asis Das, Hung Ton-That

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Gram-negative oral pathobiont Fusobacterium nucleatum can traverse to extra-oral sites such as placenta and colon, promoting adverse pregnancy outcomes and colorectal cancer, respectively. How this anaerobe sustains many metabolically changing environments enabling its virulence potential remains unclear. Informed by our genome-wide transposon mutagenesis, we report here that the highly conserved Rhodobacter nitrogen-fixation (Rnf) complex, encoded by the rnfCDGEAB gene cluster, is key to fusobacterial metabolic adaptation and virulence. Genetic disruption of the Rnf complex via non-polar, in-frame deletion of rnfC (ΔrnfC) abrogates polymicrobial interaction (or coaggregation) associated with adhesin RadD and biofilm formation. The defect in coaggregation …

Development And Validation Of A Nomogram For Predicting Pulmonary Infection In Patients Receiving Immunosuppressive Drugs, Chuxuan Luo, Yue Zhang, Jiajie Zhang, Chen Jin, Xiaolan Ye, Yan Ren, Huajuan Shen, Maosheng Chen, Yiwen Li, Qiang He, Guangbiao Xu, Lina Shao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Pulmonary infection (PI), a severe complication of immunosuppressive therapy, affects patients' prognosis. As part of this study, we aimed to construct a pulmonary infection prediction (PIP) model and validate it in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs (ISDs). Methods: Totally, 7,977 patients being treated with ISDs were randomised 7:3 to the developing (n = 5,583) versus validation datasets (n = 2,394). Our predictive nomogram was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate COX regression analyses. With the use of the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve, the prediction performance of the final model was …

In-Patient Evolution Of A High-Persister Escherichia Coli Strain With Reduced In Vivo Antibiotic Susceptibility, Joshua B Parsons, Ashelyn E Sidders, Amanda Z Velez, Blake M Hanson, Michelle Angeles-Solano, Felicia Ruffin, Sarah E Rowe, Cesar A Arias, Vance G Fowler, Joshua T Thaden, Brian P Conlon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections (GNB-BSI) are common and frequently lethal. Despite appropriate antibiotic treatment, relapse of GNB-BSI with the same bacterial strain is common and associated with poor clinical outcomes and high healthcare costs. The role of persister cells, which are sub-populations of bacteria that survive for prolonged periods in the presence of bactericidal antibiotics, in relapse of GNB-BSI is unclear. Using a cohort of patients with relapsed GNB-BSI, we aimed to determine how the pathogen evolves within the patient between the initial and subsequent episodes of GNB-BSI and how these changes impact persistence. Using

Approved Programs 1-16-24, Angela Brock

Programs Committee (PC)

No abstract provided.

Ucc Minutes 1-16-24, Angela Brock

UCC Agendas/Minutes

No abstract provided.

Gene Editing Of Pigs To Control Influenza A Virus Infections, Taeyong Kwon, Bianca L. Artiaga, Chester D. Mcdowell, Kristin M. Whitworth, Kevin D. Wells, Randall S. Prather, Gustavo Delhon, Mark Cigan, Stephen N. White, Jamie Retallick, Natasha N. Gaudreault, Igor Morozov, Juergen A. Richt

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Proteolytic activation of the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein by host cellular proteases is pivotal for influenza A virus (IAV) infectivity. Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses possess the multibasic cleavage site of the HA which is cleaved by ubiquitous proteases, such as furin; in contrast, the monobasic HA motif is recognized and activated by trypsin-like proteases, such as the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). Here, we aimed to determine the effects of TMPRSS2 on the replication of pandemic H1N1 and H3N2 subtype IAVs in the natural host, the pig. The use of the CRISPR/Cas 9 system led to the establishment of homozygous …

Knowledge, Attitudes, And Subjective Norms Associated With Covid-19 Vaccination Among Pregnant Women In Kenya: An Online Cross-Sectional Pilot Study Using Whatsapp, Sylvia Ayieko, Walter Jaoko, Rose Okoyo Opiyo, Elkanah Omenge Orang'o, Sarah E Messiah, Kimberly Baker, Christine Markham

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy has been recommended, but the perceptions related to uptake remain unexplored. This pilot study aimed to explore how perceptions influence COVID-19 vaccine uptake among a sample of 115 pregnant women in Kenya, recruited via WhatsApp. Data were collected using an adapted online questionnaire between May and October 2022. Logistic analyses assessed the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination uptake and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) constructs: attitudes and subjective norms. COVID-19 vaccination coverage was 73%, with vaccine hesitancy estimated at 41.4% among the unvaccinated group. Most participants had completed college education and had good knowledge of COVID-19 …

The Pan-Microbiome Profiling System Taxa4meta Identifies Clinical Dysbiotic Features And Classifies Diarrheal Disease, Qinglong Wu, Shyam Badu, Sik Yu So, Todd J Treangen, Tor C Savidge

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Targeted metagenomic sequencing is an emerging strategy to survey disease-specific microbiome biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis. However, this approach often yields inconsistent or conflicting results owing to inadequate study power and sequencing bias. We introduce Taxa4Meta, a bioinformatics pipeline explicitly designed to compensate for technical and demographic bias. We designed and validated Taxa4Meta for accurate taxonomic profiling of 16S rRNA amplicon data acquired from different sequencing strategies. Taxa4Meta offers significant potential in identifying clinical dysbiotic features that can reliably predict human disease, validated comprehensively via reanalysis of individual patient 16S data sets. We leveraged the power of Taxa4Meta's pan-microbiome …

Gut Microbiome And Antibiotic Resistance Effects During Travelers' Diarrhea Treatment And Prevention, Kevin S Blake, Drew J Schwartz, Srinand Paruthiyil, Bin Wang, Jie Ning, Harris Whiteson, Gautam Dantas, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The travelers' gut microbiome is potentially assaulted by acute and chronic perturbations (e.g., diarrhea, antibiotic use, and different environments). Prior studies of the impact of travel and travelers' diarrhea (TD) on the microbiome have not directly compared antibiotic regimens, and studies of different antibiotic regimens have not considered travelers' microbiomes. This gap is important to be addressed as the use of antibiotics to treat or prevent TD-even in moderate to severe cases or in regions with high infectious disease burden-is controversial based on the concerns for unintended consequences to the gut microbiome and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emergence. Our study addresses …

Intouch Week Of January 15, 2024, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Phillip Capozzi, M.D., Library, Hosts Community Book Discussion
• First-Year Medical Students Participate in Career and Wellness Intersession Program
• LCME Element of the Week
• NYMC NSSLHA Chapter Hosts Fundraiser for Smile Train
• Medical Student Published in Leading Plastic Surgery Journals

Conceptualizing Maritime-Based Decentralization Toward Better Public Service In The Archipelagic Region, Restu Karlina Rahayu, Ratnaningsih Damayanti, Mayuko Galuh Mahardika

Jurnal Wacana Politik

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how decentralization affects public services differently in Sumenep Regency’s mainland and island regions. Twenty-seven subdistricts make up the Sumenep Regency; nine of these are dispersed as islands, while eighteen are situated on Madura Island. The discrepancies in growth between mainland and island are caused by this geographic structure. The infrastructure, health, and education sectors are the main subjects of this study. According to this study, obstacles that impede the optimization of education in island locations include school references and far from the Education Office and the Ministry of Religion’s oversight. In the …

Portable Air Purifiers To Mitigate The Harms Of Wildfire Smoke For People With Asthma, Tianshi David Wu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Coagulopathy In Severe Covid-19 Patients: Causes, Concerns And Current Treatment Regimen, Tanusree Sengupta, Arun Luiz, Chennakesavan Suganthi, Samarpan Majumder

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Elevated D-dimer and fibrinogen level, mild thrombocytopenia, modest prolongation of prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time, are key indicators of coagulopathy, and have been consistently reported in severely ill COVID-19 patients. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced coagulopathy can develop serious venous and arterial thromboembolic complications. Endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulability, triggered mostly by overproduction of inflammatory cytokines as an immune response to the infection, are the pivotal factors responsible for the above-mentioned coagulation disorder. Thus, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), which has both anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been reported to improve disease prognosis. However, there have been increasing reports of venous thromboembolic …

Types Of Bacteria Among Pediatric Oncology Patients In Basra, Ansam Saleh, Hussam Saleh, Hanan Makki

Iraqi National Journal of Medicine

Background: Infectious agents are the main factor that causes children suffering from cancer to be more susceptibleto treatment failure. They complicate their course of therapy, thus shortening their lives. Aim: To find out the mostnotorious pathogen affecting pediatric malignancy in Basra Children Specialty Hospital to provide the bestantimicrobial therapy choice and map out the future empirical therapy. Methods: One hundred and ten pediatriconcology patients in the pediatric hemato-oncology unit aged 16 years and less were involved in this retrospectivestudy from March 1, 2021 to the end of February 2022. Different types of culture tests were taken in various stagesof malignancy …

Bacteriological Profile In Blood Culture Proven Neonatal Sepsis, Sawsan Ali Hussein

Iraqi National Journal of Medicine

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic infection caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. It results in significant morbidity and mortality, accounting for up to half of all newborn deaths in developing countries. Aim: Hence, this study aimed to determine the bacteriological profile of neonatal sepsis and assess its relationships with other demographic variables. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out on 87 neonates with blood culture-proven neonatal sepsis. They were categorized according to the age of onset of symptoms as having early-onset sepsis and late-onset sepsis. The bacterial profile that resulted from their blood cultures was analyzed. Results: …

Serological Survey To Detect Antigens That Cross-React With Covid-19 Antibodies, Ahmed N. Mnahi, Abdulelah A. Almyah, Zuhair Al-Shaheen

Iraqi National Journal of Medicine

Background: COVID-19 first emerged in Wuhan City and has since spread worldwide, infecting over 600 million people. The World Health Organization (WHO) issued an emergency in public health in January 2020 due to reports of new coronaviruses in Europe, Asia, and the Americas. Aim: The study aims to screen bacterial antigens for cross-reactivity with COVID-19 antibodies using indirect ELISA and to detect cross-reactivity between vaccinated and unvaccinated healthy individuals and various bacterial types (Gammaproteobacteria, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacteria, in addition to Staphylococcus aureus) either sonicated or non-sonicated. Methods: ELISA is a method for detecting unknown samples …