Digital Commons Network^™

Emphasizing Self-Regulation In Teaching: Reducing Disruption To Students’ Learning During Unplanned Instructional Mode Transition, Somesh Roy, Amber Young-Brice, Jenna Lassila, Brandon Kyle Johnson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

In Spring 2020, engineering faculty transitioned to emergency remote instruction due to COVID-19. This mixed-methods study was done to understand the correlation between self-regulated learning and how students experienced the emergency transition to remote learning. The participants were from an upper-level engineering course, with 33 students surveyed four times during the semester. Seven students were interviewed after the semester. Findings revealed that during the transition to remote learning, students perceived less change if they had higher degrees of self-regulation. The qualitative analysis also revealed that transparency in learning and teaching also played an important role in students’ perceptions.

Prevalence And Determinants Of Diarrhoea And Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Aged Under Five Years In West Africa: Evidence From Demographic And Health Surveys, Derrick Nyantakyi Owusu, Henry Ofori Duah, Duah Dwomoh, Yakubu Alhassan

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background Diarrhoea and pneumonia are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children aged < 5 y (under five) globally. This study sought to investigate the prevalence and determinants of diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) among children under five in West Africa. Methods The most recent demographic and health survey (DHS) standard for 13 West African countries was used in the study. We calculated the prevalence of diarrhoea and ARIs (2 wk prior to the survey) and performed multivariable complex logistic regression analysis to identify possible predictors of diarrhoea and ARIs. Results The weighted prevalence of diarrhoea and ARI was 13.7% and 15.9%, respectively. The prevalence of comorbid diarrhoea and ARI was 4.4%. Children aged < 2 y (p< 0.001), mothers aged < 30 y (p< 0.003), mothers without formal education (p< 0.001), poor households (p< 0.001) and poor nutritional status, wasting (p=0.005) and underweight (p< 0.001), were the independent predictors of diarrhoea. The independent predictors of ARIs were children with no childhood vaccinations (p=0.002), use of solid fuel in the household (p=0.007), being underweight (p=0.05) and diarrhoea (p< 0.001). Conclusions The findings imply the need for holistic public health interventions such as increased vaccination coverage, population-based nutritional programmes and campaigns on the use of cleaner cooking fuel targeted at high-risk subgroups in the population to reduce the burden and adverse effects of diarrhoea and ARIs in the West African region.

Remember The Human: A Systematic Review Of Ethical Considerations In Reddit Research, Casey Fiesler, Michael Zimmer, Nicholas Proferes, Sarah A. Gilbert, Naiyan Jones

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

Reddit is one of the world's most prominent social media platforms, and also a valuable source of data for internet researchers. However, working with this kind of data also presents novel ethical complications for researchers, including issues around privacy, vulnerable populations, and unintended consequences. This paper describes an analysis of 134 papers that rely on Reddit data while also including some discussion of ethical implications and/or considerations by the researchers. Our analysis of these papers reveals common ethical issues and ethically motivated methodological decisions, as described by the researchers themselves, while also exposing some gaps for further ethical contemplation for …

Centering Prep: Utilizing Adapt-Itt To Inform Group Prep Care For Sex Workers In Chicago, Randi Beth Singer, Janelli Barrow, Amy K. Johnson, Jessica L. Zemlak, Natasha Crooks, Sarah Abboud, Douglas Bruce, Noel Green, Jahari Stamps, Jennifer Neely, Susan G. Sherman, Crystal L. Patil, Alicia K. Matthews

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Sex workers, those who trade sex for monetary or nonmonetary items, experience high rates of HIV transmission but have not been adequately included in HIV prevention and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence program development research. Community-empowered (C.E.) approaches have been the most successful at reducing HIV transmission among sex workers. Centering Healthcare (Centering) is a C.E. model proven to improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities in other populations, such as pregnant women, people with diabetes, and sickle cell disease. However, no research exists to determine if Centering can be adapted to meet the unique HIV prevention needs of sex …

Vaginal And Rectal Microbiome Changes Following Administration Of A Multi-Species Antenatal Probiotic: A Randomized Control Trial, Emily Malloy, Ashley Kates, Jonah Dixon, Colleen Riley, Nasia Safdar, Lisa Hanson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The gut and vaginal microbiome undergo changes during pregnancy which may be protective or harmful to the birthing person. Probiotics have been found to cause protective changes to the gut and vaginal microbiomes, with the potential to improve perinatal outcomes. This randomized control trial compares the vaginal and rectal microbiomes before and after an antenatal probiotic or placebo intervention, with a diverse group of pregnant people and a special focus on racial disparities. The vaginal and rectal microbiomes reveal non-significant increased Lactobacillus in the probiotics group, with a greater increase in participants who identified as Black. Potential implications and future …

Mixed Quantum/Classical Theory For Rotationally Inelastic Scattering Of Identical Collision Partners: Revised, Dulat Bostan, Bikramaditya Mandal, Dmitri Babikov

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Mixed quantum/classical theory (MQCT) for the treatment of rotationally inelastic transitions during collisions of two identical molecules, described either as indistinguishable or distinguishable partners, is reviewed. The treatment of two molecules as indistinguishable includes symmetrization of rotational wavefunctions, introduces exchange parity, and leads to state-to-state transition matrix elements different from those in the straightforward treatment of molecules as distinguishable. Moreover, the treatment of collision partners as indistinguishable is eight times faster. Numerical results presented herein for H₂ + H₂, CO + CO and H₂O + H₂O systems indicate good agreement of MQCT calculations …

Scattering In Extreme Environments: General Discussion, Dmitri Babikov

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Scattering At Condensed-Phase Surfaces: General Discussion, Dmitri Babikov

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Intrusive Traumatic Re-Experiencing Domain: Functional Connectivity Feature Classification By The Enigma Ptsd Consortium, Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez, Amit Lazarov, Sigal Zilcha-Mano, Xi Zhu, Yoojean Kim, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Intrusive traumatic re-experiencing domain (ITRED) was recently introduced as a novel perspective on posttraumatic psychopathology, proposing to focus research of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on the unique symptoms of intrusive and involuntary re-experiencing of the trauma, namely, intrusive memories, nightmares, and flashbacks. The aim of the present study was to explore ITRED from a neural network connectivity connectivity perspective.

Methods

Data were collected from 9 sites taking part in the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) PTSD Consortium (n = 584) and included itemized PTSD symptom scores and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) data. We assessed the …

Team Situation Awareness, Cohesion, And Autonomic Synchrony, Stephen J. Guastello, Cooper Bednarczyk, Ryan Hagan, Camerhon Johnson, Laura Marscisek, Laura M. Mcguigan, Anthony F. Peressini

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

This study evaluated the causal relationships among situation awareness (SA), cohesion, and autonomic synchrony (SE) within teams. SA is often a team effort and should be more accurate in better-functioning teams.

Background

Cohesive teams perform better overall, although the relationship appears reciprocal; the relationship to SA has not been considered previously. SEis a collective neurocognitive activity that has been connected to team coordination, communication, and performance in some circumstances.

Method

In this experiment, 71 undergraduates, organized into 16 teams, played two matches of a first-person shooter computer game and completed self-report measures of cohesion …

Smaller Total And Subregional Cerebellar Volumes In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Mega-Analysis By The Enigma-Pgc Ptsd Workgroup, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Although the cerebellum contributes to higher-order cognitive and emotional functions relevant to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), prior research on cerebellar volume in PTSD is scant, particularly when considering subregions that differentially map on to motor, cognitive, and affective functions. In a sample of 4215 adults (PTSD n = 1642; Control n = 2573) across 40 sites from the ENIGMA-PGC PTSD working group, we employed a new state-of-the-art deep-learning based approach for automatic cerebellar parcellation to obtain volumetric estimates for the total cerebellum and 28 subregions. Linear mixed effects models controlling for age, gender, intracranial volume, and site were used to …

Association Between Periodontal Health Status And Quality Of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study, Kinan M. Al-Bitar, Jeffery M. Garcia, Shengtong Han, Arndt Guentsch

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: Attachment loss due to periodontal diseases is associated with functional limitations as well as physical pain and psychological discomfort, which may lead to a reduced quality of life. The purpose of this study is to determine if the oral health status, specifically the periodontal status, influences oral health–related quality of life.

Materials and methods: Survey data were collected in a US dental school clinical setting in a cross-sectional study. Quality of life related to oral health was assessed with the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 (OHIP-49). In addition, DMFT index, periodontal status, and health literacy scores (dental and medical health …

Bayesian Rare Variant Analysis Identifies Novel Schizophrenia Putative Risk Genes, Shengtong Han

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The genetics of schizophrenia is so complex that it involves both common variants and rare variants. Rare variant association studies of schizophrenia are challenging because statistical methods for rare variant analysis are under-powered due to the rarity of rare variants. The recent Schizophrenia Exome meta-analysis (SCHEMA) consortium, the largest consortium in this field to date, has successfully identified 10 schizophrenia risk genes from ultra-rare variants by burden test, while more risk genes remain to be discovered by more powerful rare variant association test methods. In this study, we use a recently developed Bayesian rare variant association method that is powerful …

Genetic Risk For Alzheimer’S Disease Alters Perceived Executive Dysfunction In Cognitively Healthy Middle-Aged And Older Adults, Sarah A. Evans, Elizabeth R. Paitel, Riya Bhasin, Kristy A. Nielson

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background:

Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) may be an early indicator of future cognitive decline. However, findings comparing SCC and objective cognitive performance have varied, particularly in the memory domain. Even less well established is the relationship between subjective and objective complaints in non-amnestic domains, such as in executive functioning, despite evidence indicating very early changes in these domains. Moreover, particularly early changes in both amnestic and non-amnestic domains are apparent in those carrying the Apolipoprotein-E ɛ4 allele, a primary genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Objective:

This study investigated the role of the ɛ4 allele in the consistency between subjective …

"Widsith Came To Talk": Preservation Of The Scop Within Old English Poetry, India M. Johnson-Mccauley

Honors College Theses

This thesis discusses the role of the Old English scop in the context of the transition from orality to written works in Old English society. Scops, the storytellers, historians, and moral authorities within Old English society, utilized oral-formulaic composition to share the Germanic poetic tradition with the largely illiterate population. When Christian missionaries arrived in England and introduced the written language of Latin, the necessity of the scop gradually dissipated; many stories were written down in Latin and the authority on moral and historical teachings fell to the church. Orality continued in many regards, but the occupation of the scop …

Assessment Of Defect Generation Mechanism In Welding Processes Using Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (Paut), Caleb D. Williams

Honors College Theses

Welding is one of the major and most commonly used methods of material joining in industries around the world. The mechanisms of welding include complicated processes which can cause significant alteration in final properties and quality of the weld compared to the base materials. Due to these physical and chemical processes during the welding processes, defects and flaws can be generated. Observing such flaws over the years, leads engineers and researchers to investigate the methodologies to identify the cause and effect of defects and their effect on the quality of the welds. A better understanding of such parameters helps to …

The Biobehavioral Effects Of Embryonic Exposure To Neural Inflammation And Oxidative Stress In Zebrafish, Dalton J. Anderson

Honors College Theses

The purpose of this research is to improve understanding of the neurodevelopmental effects of embryonic exposure to elevated inflammation and oxidative stress induced by the antipyretic drug acetaminophen (APAP). Our study was the first to examine the interactive effects of APAP and inflammation in zebrafish embryos and how the treatments affect brain development and larval behavior. Experimental groups of zebrafish larvae were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammation, APAP, or LPS + APAP and larval behavior was analyzed using Ethovision automated behavioral tracking software. We also measured changes in whole-brain Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK3B) and GSK3B phosphorylation, …