Digital Commons Network^™

Dna Analysis: The Answer For Unsolved Cases?, Sarah Hetchler

Master of Arts in Criminal Justice Leadership

DNA analysis has become a crucial part of solving cases. It has developed significantly since its creation in the mid-1980s. The longing for answers within unsolved cases is historically lengthy, leaving traces of distrust and injustice. Criminologists offer a potential solution to the mess created by connecting DNA analysis to protect victims and communities. DNA evidence and analysis can assist in solving cases and provide answers for exonerees. Like public genealogy websites, law enforcement agencies must acknowledge new methods to solve issues. Not only could law enforcement agencies solve and arrest suspects through DNA analysis, but DNA could also provide …

Recipient Of The 2023 Alumni Titan Award, Dr. Angel Alvarez ‘98

Alumni Titan Award

Dr. Angel Alvarez ‘98

Dr. Angel Alvarez is the Director of the Stem Cell Core and a Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Neurology at Northwestern University. He has extensive experience in stem cell biology, imaging, gene delivery, and biotechnology. As the Director of the Northwestern Stem Cell Core, he establishes disease models to accelerate therapeutic development using organoid technology and patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. Many of the most rewarding aspects of his current position are derived from the Core’s exciting collaborations in reproductive biology, neuroscience, and pathology. Beyond his lab research, Dr. Alvarez has a passion for …

Recipient Of The 2023 Alumni Distinguished Leadership Award, Capt. Elizabeth “Spike” Malecha '90

Alumni Distinguished Leadership Award

Capt. Elizabeth “Spike” Malecha ‘90

Elizabeth Malecha is an accomplished military officer dedicated to service and leadership.

After graduating from the United States Naval Academy in 1994, she was in the first wave of women allowed to defend our nation in combat military roles. After completing flight training, she became a Radar Intercept Officer in the F-14 Tomcat. Flying missions from aircraft carriers across the world, she developed as a leader and a combat aviator in support of our national objectives and defense. Her talent and work ethic resulted in her selection for elite training at the U.S. Navy Fighter …

Volume 1, Issue 8, Bryant University

Bryant Bulldog Bulletin (2023-2024)

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of An Electric Current On Human Body (A Review), Yasir Khaleel Almusawi, Maha Raad Hashim Al-Sammarraie, Mukaram D. Shikara

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), four people are killed every week by electrocution in the last decade, while 3% of people (suffering from electrical injuries) were admitted to emergency wards. The severity of electric injury depends on the electrical resistance of the human body, which depends on several factors such as the long duration of electric contact, type of the current (AC or DC), intensity of the current (amperes/voltages), sites of entry and exit points, wet or dry body, individual metabolism of the person, sweat gland activity, human body mass, type of tissue it travels through and its …

Biological Activity Of Rats Treated With Riboflavin In Polymeric Plga As Injectable Form, Sarah A. Hamood, Jabar A. Faraj, Ziad T. Al-Dahan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The current study aims to optimize a fast, reproducible, reliable, and effective technique for estimating the biological activity of Vitamin B2 in injectable dose form using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). A biodegradable polymer, PLGA (Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) 50:50 type, approved as an active ingredient for parenteral administration, was used to load the vitamin in the injection volume of 1mg. Rats, both male and female, were employed as the animal models. Each animal was hosted for a duration of 40 days, and the activity of vitamin B2 was monitored at rapid intervals over six weeks using an HPLC device on …

Confirmation Report: Modelling Interlocutor Confusion In Situated Human Robot Interaction, Na Li

Reports

Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) is an important but challenging field focused on improving the interaction between humans and robots such to make the interaction more intelligent and effective. However, building a natural conversational HRI is an interdisciplinary challenge for scholars, engineers, and designers. It is generally assumed that the pinnacle of human- robot interaction will be having fluid naturalistic conversational interaction that in important ways mimics that of how humans interact with each other. This of course is challenging at a number of levels, and in particular there are considerable difficulties when it comes to naturally monitoring and responding to the …

Dragon Fruit Weight Estimation Based On Machine Vision And Machine Learning, Liang Ying-Kai, Shang Feng-Nan, Chen Qiao, Xiao Ming-Wei, Luo Chen-Di, Li Wen-Tao, Zhou Xue-Cheng

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to solve the problem of manual weighting of dragon fruit, including time-consuming, laborious and expensive, an automated weight estimation method based on machine vision and machine learning was proposed in this research. Methods: Firstly, 106 dragon fruits were weighed, recorded and photographed, and images of dragon fruits were constructed. Secondly, binary images were obtained after denoising and segmentation. Moreover, the three features of pixel area, major axis pixel length and minor axis pixel length of dragon fruits were extracted on the basis of binary images. The three features of each image and their corresponding weights were combined …

Research Progress Of Peanut Allergenicity Assessment Methods And The Effect Of Food Processing On Its Allergenicity, Chen Kuan, Wang Tao, Li Qian, Jiang Songsong

Food and Machinery

Peanut is one of the "Big Eight" allergen foods. It has been noticed by public due to its serious clinical symptoms and high incidence rate. This review introduced structures and immune characteristics of peanut allergens (Ara h 1-18). The assessment methods (both in vitro and in vivo) was also introduced. Finally, the research progress of different food processing on the allergenicity of peanut were summarized. The future research direction of food processing on reducing the allergenicity of peanut were prospected.

Advances In The Preparation, Structural Characterization And Biological Activity Of Glycosylated Peptides, Wu Ying, Qu Tingmin, Wen Shiyu, Wu Hao, Cheng Yunhui, Wen Li

Food and Machinery

The structure and function of peptides are affected by the changes of environmental factors, including temperature, pH value and ionic strength. Sugar groups can form covalent bonds with amino acid side chain groups of peptides to undergo structural modification, and then the glycosylation modification can effectively improve the stability and biological activity of peptide molecules. In this review, the preparation methods and structural characterization strategies of glycosylated peptides were summarized, and the recent research progress on their physiological activities were highlighted. The challenges and future research directions of glycosylated peptides were also discussed.

Protective Effect Of Eurotium Cristatum Fermentation Broth Mixed With Tea Polyphenols On Immunosuppressive Mice, Peng Ying

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Eurotium Cristatum fermentation broth mixed with tea polyphenols on the immune indexes of cyclophosphamide immunosuppressive mice. Methods: Immunosuppressive model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide with 80 mg/kg for 3 days. High, middle and low dose E. Cristatum fermentation broth mixed with tea polyphenols was administrated to immunosuppressive mice intragastrically for 15 days. The blood index, spleen index, macrophage phagocytic index, half hemolysis value, delayed-type hypersensitivity, the content of IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. Results: E. Cristatum fermentation broth mixed with tea polyphenols significantly …

Effects Of Different Processes On Active Components And Antioxidant Activities Of Akebia Trifoliate Seed Oil, Gao Xiaolong, Xu Wei, Li Ying, Zhou Min

Food and Machinery

Objective: To compare the effects of different oil preparation processes on the active ingredients and oxidation activity of Akebia trifoliate seed oil. Methods: Akebia trifoliata seed oil was prepared from Akebia trifoliata seed by four oil extraction processes: cold pressing, hot pressing, supercritical CO₂ extraction and extraction. The fatty acid composition, active ingredients （carotenoids, tocopherols, polyphenols, flavonoids） and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of Akebia trifoliata seed oil were analyzed. Results: The fatty acid composition of Akebia trifoliata seed oil prepared by the four processes was similar. The content of palmitic acid was 20.62%～21.42%, the content of stearic acid …

Screening Of Autochthonouslactic Acid Bacteria And Optimization Of Fermentation Process In Low-Salt Zhayu Of Red Rice, Xu Dongmei, Liu Yongle, Li Xianghong, Wang Faxiang, Huang Yiqun, Ma Xiayin

Food and Machinery

Objective: To solve the problems of an uncertain fermentation process, a long fermentation period, and the unstable quality of traditional naturally fermented preserved fish. Methods: The lactic acid bacteria were isolated from low-salt preserved red fish, and the inhibition ability, salt tolerance, and acid production ability of the strains were investigated. The lactic acid bacteria suitable for fermentation were screened out, and the fermentation of preserved red fish was intensified by inoculation. The amount of red rice flour added, the amount of salt added during curing, and the fermentation temperature were optimized in the fermentation process. Results: There were 22 …

Fruit Identification Using Improved Faster R-Cnn Model, Jian Yanping, Sang Yanli, Li Yueru

Food and Machinery

Objective: To improve the identification accuracy of fruit categories. Methods: An identification method for fruit categories was established based on an improved Faster regional convolutional neural network （Faster R-CNN） model. Firstly, the regularization method was used to attenuate the weight of some high-dimensional parameters to effectively solve the over-fitting problem that may occur in the training process. Then, two loss functions, a likelihood function and a regularization function, were added to the Faster R-CNN framework to optimize the convolution layer and the pooling layer. Additionally, the least square method was utilized to solve the objective function of fruit recognition. Finally, …

Research On Moulded Peanut Recognition Technology Based On Deep Learning, Wang Weina, Xu Shiwei, Deng Qinbo, Li Bo

Food and Machinery

Objective: To identify mouldy peanuts in a fast and non-destructive way and improve the identification efficiency. Methods: Collected hyperspectral peanut data using a spectrometer, identify moldy peanuts using deep learning technology, and established a Hypernet PRMF model, which was compared with Deeplab v3+, Segnet, Unet, and Hypernet as control models. Integrated the proposed peanut recognition index into hyperspectral images as data feature pre extraction. Simultaneously integrating the constructed multi feature fusion blocks into the control model to improve the recognition efficiency of moldy peanuts. Results: The average pixel accuracy of all models exceeded 87%. the Hypernet-PRMF model had the highest …

Study On Flash Extraction Technology And Antioxidant Activity Of Polysaccharides From Fresh Lentinus Edodes Stalk, Shi Guoqing, Yang Linxiao, Li Meijuan, Kong Na, Jia Huanhuan, Shi Li

Food and Machinery

Objective: Develop the industrial production of Lentinus edodes stalk polysaccharides. Methods: Using the yield of polysaccharides as an indicator, uniform design experiments were used to optimize the extraction process parameters. Four methods were used to determine the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides and compared with the traditional hot water extraction method. Results: The optimal process conditions for the flash-assisted extraction of Lentinus edodes stalk polysaccharides were as follows: flash extraction time 120 s, ratio of liquid to material 40∶1 （mL/g）, hot water extraction time 105min, temperature 50 ℃, extraction twice. Under these conditions, the yield of polysaccharides was （5.03±0.22）%, which was …

Application Of Acanthopanax Senticosus In Functional Food In China, Yu Chunmiao, Liao Xian, Yu Miaomiao, Guo Lidong, Yu Donghua

Food and Machinery

This review mainly expounds the basis and application status of Acanthopanax senticosus in Chinese health food, summarizes the research progress related to its health function, and looks forward to its future development direction.

Advances In The Detection Of Water Content Of Plant-Based Food Materials, Wang Lejun, Xing Youcheng, Niu Yanli, Chen Kai, Jiang Fatang

Food and Machinery

This reviewed summarized the research status of water content detection methods of plant-based food materials, analyzed the water content detection devices, advantages, disadvantages and applications, and discussed the application of water content detection in different types of plant-based food materials. The advantages of hot air drying, microwave method, Karl Fischer method, absolute dry nitrogen purge method, spectral technology and imaging technology were highlighted, and the future development direction of water content detection of plant-based food materials was prospected.

Preparation Of Losartan Loaded Starch Nanoparticles By High-Speed Shear-Inverse Miniemulsion Method, Duan Chao, Zhang Kun-Ming, Huang Yong-Chun, Zheng Jian-Bin, Tang Xiang-Yi

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to explore the feasibility of preparation of loaded losartan starch nanoparticles by high-speed shear-reverse microemulsion crosslinking. Methods: Using losartan as model drug and sodium trimetaphosphate as crosslinking agent, the effects of starch solution concentration, sodium trimetaphosphate addition amount, crosslinking time and shear rate on particle size and yield of starch nanoparticles were investigated. Optical micrography, infrared spectrometer and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize losartan loaded starch nanoparticles. Results: The optimal preparation process of nanoparticles was 15% starch solution concentration, 25% sodium trimetaphosphate, 3 h crosslinking time, 5 000 r/min shear rate. Under the control of …

Uncertainty Evaluation For The Determination Of Three Pyrethroid Pesticide Residues In Fresh Tea Leaves, Zhang Li, Liu Teng-Fei, Yao Ling-Yi, Chen Yu-Yang, Jiang Li

Food and Machinery

Objective: The uncertainty of determination of three pyrethroid pesticides （cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin） in fresh tea leaves by gas chromatography was evaluated. Methods: A mathematical model was established according to the determination process of the experiment, and the uncertainties caused by various factors in the model were identified. The sources are mainly the following 7 aspects: repeated determination of samples, fitness of standard curve, recovery rate, standard solution preparation, sample weighing and pretreatment, and the measurement of instrument. Results: At the spiking level of 0.10 mg/kg, the expanded uncertainty of measured values of cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin were 0.011, 0.011 …

Determination Of 57 Organic Pollutants In Edible Vegetable Oil By Gas Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry, Liu Yu-Xing, Yi Shou-Fu, Xu Wen-Yang, Tang Wan-Li, Kang Shao-Ying, Wang Xia-Li

Food and Machinery

Objective: Establish a high throughput method for the determination of 57 organic pollutants in edible vegetable oil. Methods: The target compounds were extracted by acetonitrile-hexane solution and purified by disperse solid phase extraction and solid phase extraction, after that the contents of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 17 phthalates, 8 organochlorines and 16 polychlorinated biphenyls in edible oil were detected by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Results: All target components had an excellent linearity within the linear range of 0.001～0.1 μg/mL （r²＞0.998）, and the limits of detection was between 0.16～2.0 μg/kg, meanwhile the average recovery rate of …

Study On The Rapid Detection Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa By Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative Pcr In Packaged Drinking Water, Wang Fang-Mei, Xu Yue, Lin Dan, Zhu Qiu-Yan, Hong Zhen-Bai, Jiang Wei

Food and Machinery

Objective: The molecular biological test has the advantage of fast and sensitive, which can effectively make up for the defects of the traditional microbial test method. Methods: According to the conserved sequences of the V3~V4 region of the virulence gene pcrL and the universal gene 16S rRNA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in GB 8538—2022, primers and probes were designed and synthesized, and a real-time fluorescent PCR kit was established in this study. Results: The results showed that the common standard reserve strain 16S rRNA was amplified, and the virulence gene pcrL was only effective for nucleic acid detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa …

Effects Of Different Sterilization Treatments On The Quality Of Fermented Jujube Juice, Zhang Li-Hua, Feng Lu-Yao, Tang Pei-Xin, Li Shun-Feng, Zong Wei

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of different sterilization on the quality of fermented jujube juice. Methods: The effects of cold plasma sterilization (CPS) and pulsed strong light sterilization (PLS) on the quality of jujube juice before and after fermentation were studied, with high pressure sterilization (SA) jujube juice as the control. Results: The contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and soluble solid in jujube juice before and after fermentation by CPS treatment were significantly higher than those of the other two sterilization methods, and the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and soluble solid in jujube juice …

Effect Of Different Drying Methods On The Quality Of Rugao Black Pakchoi, Du Xin-Yu, Wan Jin-Qing, Wang Yuan-Yuan, Wang You-Jun, Sun Xiao-Lin, Tong Nian

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to investigated the effect of ice-temperature vacuum drying on the powder quality of selenium-rich Rugao black pakchoi. Methods: After pretreatment, the fresh black pakchoi was dried to the moisture content of (5.0±0.5) %, and the physical and chemical indexes were investigated, comparing to the control groups of hot-air drying, vacuum drying and freeze-vacuum drying. Results: The vitamin C content of vacuum drying at ice temperature was 554.60 mg/100 g, and the retention rate reached 83.96%, which was 43.11%, 33.57% and 1.61% higher than that of hot-air drying, vacuum drying and freeze-vacuum drying, respectively. Glutathione peroxidase had …

Effects Of Dry Ice Freezing On Ice Crystal And Quality Of Large Yellow Croaker （Pseudosciaena Crocea） During Frozen Storage, Jia Shi-Liang, Yang Yue, Zheng Ya-Dan, Yang Peng, Ding Yu-Ting

Food and Machinery

Objective: The effects of freezing method and storage temperature on the quality of large yellow croaker during storage were investigated. Methods: Fresh large yellow croaker fillets were frozen with dry ice and air freezing (-40 ℃) to the central temperature of -18 ℃, and then stored at -40 ℃ and -18 ℃, respectively. Physical and chemical indexes such as freezing curve, ice crystal morphology, pH value, volatile base nitrogen, K value, Ca²⁺-ATPase activity, total sulfhydryl group, carbonyl group, protein degradation and texture characteristics of large yellow croaks were determined after freezing and during freezing storage. Results: The time …

Inhibition Of Psoriasis-Like Inflammation In Mice By Sesamol, Chen Xue, Liu Xue-Bo, Wang Yu-Xuan

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to explore the improvement effect of sesamol on skin lesions caused by psoriasis. Methods: The psoriasis model was constructed by using 5% imiquimod cream applied to the backs of mice for seven consecutive days, with sesamol intervention used from one week before to the end of modelling to explore the protective effect of sesamol on the skin. Then, observed and measured skin thickness, PASI score, spleen index, pathological tissue sections, cytokines (IL-17, IL-23, TNF-α and other inflammatory factors and chemokines like CXCL1 and CCL20), and inflammatory factors (IL-17, TNF-α) in plasma of mice …

Optimization Of Compound Shrimp Mince Gel Based On Texture Properties, Man Hao, Liu Fu-Jun, Ge Jing-Hui, Guo Xuan, Li Dong-Mei

Food and Machinery

Objective: To promote the intensive processing of Antarctic Krill and enrich the types of minced shrimp products. Methods: Using Krill meat and prawn meat as main raw materials, waxy corn acetylated distarch adipate, egg white powder, soy protein isolate, glutamine transaminase and other adjuvants were added, and the optimal preparation ratio of shrimp balls was obtained through single factor test and response surface test. Results: The optimal preparation ratio of shrimp balls was 6.00% waxy corn acetylated distarch adipate, 5.00% egg white powder, 5.00% soy protein isolate, 0.50% glutamine transaminase and 0.20% konjac gum. Conclusion: The two-stage heating method is …

Research Advances On The Functions Of Probiotic Fermented Milk In Regulating Body Health, Zhao Cui-Yu, Wu Zi-Jian, Li Shu-Sen, Liu Ju-Long, Zhang Xin-Yu, Sun Er-Na, Wen Yan

Food and Machinery

Probiotic fermented milk is an important carrier of probiotics. It enhances the nutritional and health properties of fermented milk by improving the balance of host intestinal microflora and promoting the metabolism of beneficial ingredients. This review expounds the auxiliary effects of probiotics fermented milk in improving intestinal function, regulating body immunity, assisting in treating metabolic diseases and improving mental system diseases, etc., in order to provide theoretical support for expanding the application of probiotics fermented milk.

Research Progress On Physicochemical Properties And Biological Activity Of Theabrownin, Dai Li-Feng, Jiang Jie-Lin, Guan Xing-Li, Zou Xiao-Lin, Fu Zong-Lin, Luo Sai, Yang Zhi

Food and Machinery

Theabrownin, a kind of water-soluble, non-dialysable, highly polymerised brown substance, mainly composed of polyphenol, polysaccharide, protein and nucleic acid, which is closely related to the color and functional activity of fermented tea. Due to the complexity of the formation mechanism, its chemical structure is still unclear. In this review, the structural characteristics, formation mechanism, extraction and detection methods, and functional activity of theophylcin were discussed, and the future research direction was also prospected.

Research On The Characteristics And Application Of Food Materials In Food 3d Printing, Tong Qiang, Jiang Yu, Tong Yao, Meng Yu-Xiang, Dong Xiu-Ping

Food and Machinery

Food material is the key factor of food 3D printing. This review summarized the characteristics of food materials (protein, starch, hydrogel and fat) commonly used in food 3D printing at present, analyzed the influence of different material combinations on the forming performance. Moreover, suggestions on how to improve the printing effect of difficult printing materials were also provided, and the technical bottleneck of food materials development faced in food 3D printing nowadays were noticed. Finally, the direction of food 3D printing technology in the future was prospected.